,i #aai? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #ibbb ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,june #i1 #bjbf ,mr4 ,l&sman 7= himself & ,mr4 ,riley ( ,new ,york7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y1 & 9 addition to ! ,committees on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m1 ,h\se ,adm9i/ration1 ,ways & ,means1 & ,rules1 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee conc]n$ ,a ,,bill ,to ban /ock trad+ & pr$iction m>ket p>ticipation = ! ,presid5t1 ,vice ,presid5t1 & ,memb]s ( ,congress1 susp5d pay = ,memb]s ( ,congress dur+ %utd[ns1 e/abli% t]m limits = ,congress1 e/abli% t]m limits & e?ics rules = ! ,supreme ,c\rt1 re=m ! presid5tial p>don p[]1 revoke ! /atute ( limitations = ! ,presid5t & ,vice ,presid5t1 /r5g!n ! =eign & dome/ic emolum5ts clauses1 ov]turn ,citiz5s ,unit$1 ban d>k money1 corporate ,p,a,cs1 & p>tisan g]rym&]+1 end vot] suppression1 & re/rict gov]nm5t p5sions = felony convictions & lawsuits by ! ,presid5t1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,dra9 ! ,swamp ,act4 #b4 ,table ( ,cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #b4 ,table ( cont5ts4 ,title ,i--,re/ore ,tru/ 9 ,gov]nm5t ,act ,sec4 #aja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #ajb4 ,re/rictions on trade & own]%ip ( cov]$ inve/m5ts4 ,title ,,ii--,no ,pay = ,congress dur+ ,default or ,gov]nm5t ,%utd[n ,sec4 #bja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #bjb4 ,requir+ r$uction ( pay ( ,memb]s ( ,congress if public debt limit is rea*$4 ,sec4 #bjc4 ,requir+ r$uction ( pay ( ,memb]s ( ,congress if ,gov]nm5t %utd[n occurs4 ,sec4 #bjd4 ,role ( ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury4 ,sec4 #bje4 ,def9itions4 ,title ,,iii--,supreme ,c\rt ,duration ( ,active ,s]vice ,sec4 #cja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #cjb4 ,supreme ,c\rt t]ms ( (fice4 ,sec4 #cjc4 ,s5ior ju/ices4 ,title ,,iv--,con/itutional ,am5dm5t = ,congressional ,t]m ,limits ,sec4 #dja4 ,con/itutional am5dm5t = congressional t]m limits4 ,title ,v--,supreme ,c\rt ,e?ics ,requirem5ts ,sec4 #eja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #ejb4 ,e/abli%m5t ( ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel )9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,sec4 #ejc4 ,e/abli%m5t ( ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel )9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,sec4 #ejd4 ,sev]ability4 ,title ,,vi--,prev5t+ ,abuses ( ,presid5tial ,p[] ,sec4 #fjj4 ,%ort title4 ,subtitle ,a--,abuse ( ! ,p>don ,p[] ,prev5tion ,sec4 #fja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #fjb4 ,congressional ov]sight relat+ to c]ta9 p>dons4 ,sec4 #fjc4 ,brib]y 9 connection ) p>dons & commutations4 ,sec4 #fjd4 ,prohibition on presid5tial self-p>don4 ,subtitle ,b--,ensur+ ,no ,presid5t ,is ,above ! ,law ,sec4 #faa4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #fab4 ,toll+ ( /atute ( limitations4 ,sec4 #fac4 ,contracts by ! ,presid5t1 ! ,vice ,presid5t1 or a cab9et memb]4 ,sec4 #fad4 ,=feiture ( b5efits = =m] ,presid5ts convict$ ( a felony4 ,subtitle ,c--,en=cem5t ( ! ,emolum5ts ,clauses ( ! ,con/itution ,sec4 #fba4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #fbb4 ,def9itions4 ,sec4 #fbc4 ,prohibition on acceptance ( =eign emolum5ts4 ,sec4 #fbd4 ,civil actions by ,congress conc]n+ =eign emolum5ts4 ,sec4 #fbe4 ,prohibit+ s5ior ,f$]al (ficials f accept+ =eign paym5ts4 ,sec4 #fbf4 ,disclosures conc]n+ =eign & dome/ic emolum5ts4 ,sec4 #fbg4 ,en=cem5t au?ority = ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics & f9ancial disclosures4 ,sec4 #fbh4 ,jurisdiction ( ! ,(fice ( ,special ,c\nsel4 ,sec4 #fbi4 ,rulemak+ = e?ics requirem5ts = legal exp5se funds4 ,sec4 #fcj4 ,limitations & disclosure ( c]ta9 donations to1 & disbursem5ts by1 inaugural committees4 ,sec4 #fca4 ,prohibition on paym5ts to ! ,presid5t ( ,f$]al or ,/ate gov]nm5t funds4 ,sec4 #fcb4 ,prohibition on paym5ts to ! ,presid5t f individuals receiv+ gov]nm5t positions or grants ( clem5cy f ! ,presid5t4 ,sec4 #fcc4 ,p5alties4 ,sec4 #fcd4 ,exceptions4 ,sec4 #fce4 ,sev]ability4 ,subtitle ,d--,inve/igative ,integrity ,protection ,sec4 #fda4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #fdb4 ,presid5tial ov]sight ( ,attorney ,g5]al4 ,title ,,vii--,con/itutional ,am5dm5t to ,ov]turn ,citiz5s ,unit$ ,sec4 #gja4 ,con/itutional am5dm5t to ov]turn ,citiz5s ,unit$4 ,title ,,viii--,report+ ( ,campaign-,relat$ ,disbursem5ts ,sec4 #hja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #hjb4 ,report+ ( campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts4 ,sec4 #hjc4 ,report+ ( ,f$]al judicial nom9ation disbursem5ts4 ,sec4 #hjd4 ,coord9ation ) ,fin,c,e,n4 ,sec4 #hje4 ,application ( =eign money ban to disbursem5ts = campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts consi/+ ( cov]$ transf]s4 ,sec4 #hjf4 ,s5se ( ,congress reg>d+ implem5tation4 ,sec4 #hjg4 ,effective date4 ,title ,,ix--,ban ,corporate ,p,a,cs ,act ,sec4 #ija4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #ijb4 ,limit+ au?ority ( corporations to e/abli% or op]ate sep>ate segregat$ funds = political purposes to nonpr(it corporations4 ,sec4 #ijc4 ,effective date2 transition = exi/+ funds & committees4 ,title ,x--,nonp>tisan ,r$i/rict+ ,re=m ,sec4 #ajja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #ajjb4 ,f9d+ ( con/itutional au?ority4 ,sec4 #ajjc4 ,ban on mid-decade r$i/rict+4 ,sec4 #ajjd4 ,crit]ia = r$i/rict+4 ,sec4 #ajje4 ,developm5t ( plan4 ,sec4 #ajjf4 ,failure by ,/ate to enact plan4 ,sec4 #ajjg4 ,civil en=cem5t4 ,sec4 #ajjh4 ,no effect on elections = ,/ate & local (fice4 ,sec4 #ajji4 ,effective date4 ,title ,,xi--,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ,sec4 #aaja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #aajb4 ,vote dilution1 d5ial1 & abridgm5t claims4 ,sec4 #aajc4 ,retrogression4 ,sec4 #aajd4 ,violations trigg]+ au?ority ( c\rt to reta9 jurisdiction4 ,sec4 #aaje4 ,crit]ia = cov]age ( ,/ates & political subdivisions4 ,sec4 #aajf4 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,precle>ance = ,cov]$ ,practices4 ,sec4 #aajg4 ,promot+ transp>5cy to en=ce ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act4 ,sec4 #aajh4 ,au?ority to assign obs]v]s4 ,sec4 #aaji4 ,cl>ification ( au?ority to seek relief4 ,sec4 #aaaj4 ,prev5tive relief4 ,sec4 #aaaa4 ,relief = violations ( vot+ rights laws4 ,sec4 #aaab4 ,en=cem5t ( ,vot+ ,rights by ,attorney ,g5]al4 ,sec4 #aaac4 ,def9itions4 ,sec4 #aaad4 ,attorneys' fees4 ,sec4 #aaae4 ,o!r te*nical & con=m+ am5dm5ts4 ,sec4 #aaaf4 ,sev]ability4 ,sec4 #aaag4 ,grants to assi/ ) notice requirem5ts "u ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife4 ,title ,,xii--,re/rictions on ,gov]nm5t ,p5sions = ,felony ,convictions ,sec4 #abja4 ,f$]al retirem5t b5efits =feiture = ,memb]s ( ,congress & cab9et memb]s convict$ ( c]ta9 crimes4 ,sec4 #abjb4 ,=feiture ( b5efits = =m] ,presid5ts convict$ ( a felony4 ,title ,,xiii--,re/riction on ,lawsuits by ,presid5t ,sec4 #acja4 ,exceptions to ,f$]al ,tort ,claims ,act4 ,title ,,xiv--,prohibition on ,pr$iction ,m>ket ,p>ticipation ,sec4 #adja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #adjb4 ,re/rictions on trad+ on pr$iction m>kets4 ,i ,re/ore ,tru/ 9 ,gov]nm5t ,act #aja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,re/ore ,tru/ 9 ,gov]nm5t ,act4 #ajb4 ,re/rictions on trade & own]%ip ( cov]$ inve/m5ts 7a7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = *apt] #aca ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,sub*apt] ,,iv4 ,re/rictions on trade & own]%ip ( cov]$ inve/m5ts #acaea4 ,def9itions4 #acaeb4 ,trade & own]%ip ( cov]$ inve/m5ts4 #acaec4 ,p5alties4 7b7 ,re/rictions ,*apt] #aca ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end a new sub*apt]3 ,,iv ,re/rictions on trade & own]%ip ( cov]$ inve/m5ts #acaea4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is sub*apt]3 7#a7 ,commodity ,! t]m commodity-- 7,a7 has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #a;a ( ! ,commodity ,ex*ange ,act 7#g ,u4,s4,c4 #a;a72 & 7,b7 does n include a preci\s metal 7z def9$ 9 section #ajbg4ajj ( title #ca1 ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations74 7#b7 ,cov]$ individual ,! t]m cov]$ individual means any ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,a ,memb] ( ,congress1 z def9$ 9 section #acaja4 7,b7 ,a dep5d5t *ild 7z def9$ 9 section #acaja7 or a sp\se ( a ,memb] ( ,congress4 7,c7 ,a tru/ee ( a tru/ 9 :i* an individual describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 or 7,b7 has a b5eficial int]e/ 9 ! pr9cipal or income ( ! tru/ z describ$ 9 section #adjc7;b77#e7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf4 7,d7 ,! ,presid5t1 or ! sp\se or a dep5d5t *ild 7z def9$ 9 section #acaja7 ( ! ,presid5t4 7,e7 ,! ,vice ,presid5t1 or ! sp\se or a dep5d5t *ild 7z def9$ 9 section #acaja7 ( ! ,vice ,presid5t4 7,f7 ,! ,*ief ,ju/ice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or ! sp\se or a dep5d5t *ild 7z def9$ 9 section #acaja7 ( ! ,*ief ,ju/ice4 7,g7 ,an ,associate ,ju/ice ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt1 or ! sp\se or a dep5d5t *ild 7z def9$ 9 section #acaja7 ( an ,associate ,ju/ice4 7#c7 ,cov]$ inve/m5t ,! t]m cov]$ inve/m5t-- 7,a7 means an inve/m5t 9 a security1 a commodity1 a future1 or any comp>able economic int]e/ acquir$ ?r\gh syn!tic means1 su* z ! use ( a d]ivative1 includ+ an option1 w>rant1 or o!r simil> means2 & 7,b7 does n include-- 7i7 a widely held inve/m5t fund describ$ 9 section #acajd7;f77#h7 t is div]sifi$ & publicly trad$ on a national or regional /ock ex*ange2 7ii7 a ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury bill1 note1 or bond2 7iii7 a ,/ate or municipal gov]nm5t bill1 note1 or bond2 7iv7 any comp5sation receiv$ by a sp\se or a dep5d5t *ild describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f an employ] ( ! sp\se or dep5d5t *ild2 7v7 an int]e/ 9 a small bus9ess conc]n &1 9 ! case ( an inve/m5t 9 a family f>m or ran* t qualifies z an int]e/ 9 a small bus9ess conc]n1 a future or commodity directly relat$ to ! f>m+ activities & products ( ! f>m or ran*2 7vi7 an int]e/ 9 a limit$ liability company creat$ = ! sole purpose ( pur*as+ or hold+ real e/ate t s]ves z ! p]sonal resid5ces ( ! ,memb] ( ,congress2 7vii7 any %>e ( ,settlem5t ,common ,/ock issu$ "u section #g7;g77#a77;,a7 ( ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afjf7;g77#a77;,a772 or 7viii7 any %>e ( ,settlem5t ,common ,/ock1 z def9$ 9 section #c ( ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afjb74 7#d7 ,div]sifi$ ,! t]m div]sifi$1 ) respect to an inve/m5t fund1 means su* fund does n h a /at$ policy ( conc5trat+ its inve/m5ts 9 any indu/ry1 bus9ess1 s+le c\ntry o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or bonds ( a s+le ,/ate )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates except = ! ,/ate 9 :i* ! ,memb] ( ,congress resides4 7#e7 ,future ,! t]m future means a f9ancial contract obligat+ ! buy] to pur*ase an asset or ! sell] to sell an asset1 su* z a physical commodity or a f9ancial inve/m5t1 at a pr$et]m9$ future date & price4 7#f7 ,security ,! t]m security has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #c7;a7 ( ! ,securities ,ex*ange ,act ( #aicd 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #gh;c7a774 7#g7 ,small ,bus9ess ,conc]n ,! t]m small bus9ess conc]n has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m "u section #c ( ! ,small ,bus9ess ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #fcb74 7#h7 ,sup]vis+ e?ics (fice ,! t]m sup]vis+ e?ics (fice has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #acaja4 #acaeb4 ,trade & own]%ip ( cov]$ inve/m5ts 7a7 ,conduct dur+ f$]al s]vice ,except z describ$ 9 subsection 7b77#a77;,b7 & subsections 7e7 ?r\gh 7g71 no cov]$ individual may1 directly or indirectly1 own or trade a cov]$ inve/m5t4 7b7 ,compliance 7#a7 ,requirem5t ,to comply ) subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 a cov]$ individual may n pur*ase a cov]$ inve/m5t2 & 7,b7 a cov]$ individual %all dive/ ( any cov]$ inve/m5t by ! effective date e/abli%$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 at fair m>ket value4 7#b7 ,effective date ,! effective date is e/abli%$ z foll[s3 7,a7 #ahj days = an individual :o is a cov]$ individual on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,re/ore ,tru/ 9 ,gov]nm5t ,act4 7,b7 #ij days )9 ! date on :i* an individual becomes a cov]$ individual if su* date occurs aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,re/ore ,tru/ 9 ,gov]nm5t ,act4 7c7 ,c]tificates ( dive/iture 7#a7 ,application ( c]tificate ( dive/iture program ,= purposes ( section #ajdc ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf-- 7,a7 ?is section %all be treat$ z a ,f$]al conflict ( int]e/ /atute2 7,b7 any cov]$ individual describ$ 9 section #acaea7b77;,a7 %all be treat$ z an eligible p]son describ$ 9 section #ajdc7;b77#a77;,a7 ( su* ,code2 & 7,c7 any sp\se or dep5d5t *ild describ$ 9 section #acaea7b77;,b7 %all be treat$ z an eligible p]son describ$ 9 section #ajdc7;b77#a77;,b7 ( su* ,code4 7#b7 ,issuance ( c]tificate ( dive/iture 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* sup]vis+ e?ics (fice %all issue a c]tificate ( dive/iture to ea* cov]$ individual requir$ to dive/ "u ?is sub*apt] ^u submission ( pro( ( compliance by su* individual ) ! requirem5ts to dive/ or any ext5sions grant$ by ! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice4 7,b7 ,eligibility ,su* c]tificate %all include an id5tification ( ea* specific prop]ty eligible = ! application ( ! c]tificate ( dive/iture program z det]m9$ by ! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice4 7d7 ,income tax ,a loss f a transaction or hold+ involv+ a cov]$ f9ancial in/rum5t t is conduct$ 9 violation ( ?is section may n be d$uct$ f ! am\nt ( income tax ow$ by ! cov]$ individual4 7e7 ,occupational exception ,a sp\se or dep5d5t *ild ( a cov]$ individual z describ$ 9 section #acaea7b77;,b7 may trade any cov]$ inve/m5t if su* cov]$ inve/m5t is n own$ by a cov]$ individual & if su* trade is p]=m$ z a function ( ! prim>y occupation ( ! sp\se or dep5d5t *ild4 7f7 ,tru/s 7#a7 ,qualifi$ bl9d tru/ ,any cov]$ inve/m5t held 9 a qualifi$ bl9d tru/ z def9$ 9 section #acajd7;f77#c7 %all be dive/$ 9 accordance ) subsection 7b77#a77;,b7 by ! effective date e/abli%$ 9 subsection 7b77#b74 7#b7 ,family tru/ ,a sup]vis+ e?ics (fice may grant an exemption = cov]$ inve/m5ts held 9 a family tru/ only if-- 7,a7 no cov]$ individual-- 7i7 is a grantor ( ! family tru/2 7ii7 contribut$ any cov]$ inve/m5t to ! family tru/2 or 7iii7 has any au?ority ov] a tru/ee ( ! family tru/1 includ+ ! au?ority to appo9t1 replace1 or direct ! actions ( su* a tru/ee2 & 7,b7 ! grantor ( ! family tru/ is or 0 a family memb] ( ! cov]$ individual4 7#c7 ,reque/s ,a cov]$ individual seek+ an exemption "u p>agraph 7#b7 %all submit to ! applicable sup]vis+ e?ics (fice a reque/ = ! exemption1 9 writ+1 c]tify+ t ! conditions describ$ 9 t p>agraph are met4 7g7 ,assets acquir$ 9 special circum/ances ,9 ! ev5t t a cov]$ individual acquires a cov]$ inve/m5t aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,re/ore ,tru/ 9 ,gov]nm5t ,act o!r ?an by pur*ase 7su* z by m>riage1 inh]itance1 divorce settlem5t1 or o!r circum/ance71 ! cov]$ individual %all h #ij days f ! date on :i* su* inve/m5t 0 acquir$ to dive/ su* cov]$ inve/m5t at fair m>ket value4 7h7 ,ext5sion ,a sup]vis+ e?ics (fice may grant a cov]$ individual an ext5sion ( "t to comply ) a dive/m5t deadl9e "u ?is sub*apt] if a cov]$ inve/m5t _c be dive/$ by su* deadl9e due to l[ liquidity1 ve/+ s*$ules1 or contractual re/rictions4 7i7 ,int]pretative guidance ,! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice %all issue int]pretive guidance on any relevant t]m n def9$ 9 ?is sub*apt]4 #acaec4 ,p5alties 7a7 ,9 g5]al 7#a7 ,p5alties ,any cov]$ individual :o violates ! re/rictions on trad+ or own]%ip ( cov]$ inve/m5ts 9 section #acaeb %all1 at ! direction ( ! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice-- 7,a7 pay a fee equal to t5 p]c5t ( ! value ( ! cov]$ inve/m5t2 & 7,b7 disgorge ! pr(its ( any transaction t violates ! provisions ( ?is sub*apt]4 7#b7 ,paym5t ( p5alty to ,treasury ,a p5alty impos$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b7 %all be payable into ! ,treasury ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7b7 ,paym5t re/rictions ,a ,memb] ( ,congress may n pay any ( ! p5alties "u ?is section by us+ am\nts f ! foll[+ s\rces3 7#a7 ,! ,memb]s' ,repres5tational ,all[ance4 7#b7 ,! ,s5ators' ,(ficial ,p]sonnel & ,(fice ,exp5se ,acc\nt4 7#c7 ,any contribution 7z def9$ 9 section #cja7h7 ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja7h777 accept$ z a c&idate1 & any o!r donation receiv$ z support = activities ( ! individual z a hold] ( ,f$]al (fice4 7c7 ,publication ,ea* sup]vis+ e?ics (fice %all publi% on a publicly available website a description (-- 7#a7 ea* f9e assess$ by ! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice pursuant to ?is section2 7#b7 ! reason :y ea* su* f9e 0 assess$2 & 7#c7 ! result ( ea* assessm5t4 4 ,,ii ,no ,pay = ,congress dur+ ,default or ,gov]nm5t ,%utd[n #bja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,no ,pay = ,congress ,dur+ ,default or ,gov]nm5t ,%utd[n ,act4 #bjb4 ,requir+ r$uction ( pay ( ,memb]s ( ,congress if public debt limit is rea*$ 7a7 ,r$uction ( pay = ea* day ( ,gov]nm5t ,%utd[n 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if on any day dur+ a ye> ! public debt limit is rea*$1 ! annual rate ( pay applicable "u section #fja7;a7 ( ! ,legislative ,reorganization ,act ( #aidf 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #deja7 ) respect to ea* ,memb] ( ,congress = ! ye> %all be r$uc$ by an am\nt equal to ! product (-- 7,a7 an am\nt equal to "o day's wor? ( pay "u su* annual rate2 & 7,b7 ! numb] ( #bd-;h\r p]iods dur+ :i* ! public debt limit is rea*$4 7#b7 ,effective date ,?is subsection %all apply ) respect to days occurr+ aft] ! date ( ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ,novemb] #bjbf4 7b7 ,special rule = ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress 7#a7 ,hold+ ,sal>ies 9 ,escr[ ,if on any day dur+ ! ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress ! public debt limit is rea*$1 ! payroll adm9i/rator ( t ,h\se ( ,congress %all-- 7,a7 )hold f ! paym5ts o!rwise requir$ to be made ) respect to a pay p]iod = ! comp5sation ( ea* ,memb] ( ,congress :o s]ves 9 t ,h\se ( ,congress an am\nt equal to ! product (-- 7i7 an am\nt equal to "o day's wor? ( pay "u ! annual rate ( pay applicable to ! ,memb] "u section #fja7;a7 ( ! ,legislative ,reorganization ,act ( #aidf 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #deja72 & 7ii7 ! numb] ( #bd-;h\r p]iods dur+ :i* ! public debt limit is rea*$ :i* occur dur+ ! pay p]iod2 & 7,b7 deposit 9 an escr[ acc\nt all am\nts )held "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7#b7 ,release ( am\nts at end ( ! ,congress ,9 ord] to ensure t ?is subsection is c>ri$ out 9 a mann] t %all n v>y ! comp5sation ( ,memb]s ( ,congress 9 violation ( ! tw5ty-sev5? article ( am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! payroll adm9i/rator ( a ,h\se ( ,congress %all release = paym5ts to ,memb]s ( t ,h\se ( ,congress any am\nts rema9+ 9 any escr[ acc\nt "u ?is subsection on ! la/ day ( ! ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress4 7#c7 ,exception = days occurr+ aft] g5]al election ,?is subsection does n apply ) respect to any day dur+ ! ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress :i* occurs aft] ! date ( ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ,novemb] #bjbf4 7c7 ,det]m9ation ( rea*+ ( public debt limit ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! public debt limit %all be consid]$ to be rea*$ if ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t is unable to make paym5ts or meet obligations because ! public debt limit "u section #caja ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 has be5 rea*$4 #bjc4 ,requir+ r$uction ( pay ( ,memb]s ( ,congress if ,gov]nm5t %utd[n occurs 7a7 ,r$uction ( pay = ea* day ( ,gov]nm5t %utd[n 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if on any day dur+ a ye> a ,gov]nm5t %utd[n is 9 effect1 ! annual rate ( pay applicable "u section #fja7;a7 ( ! ,legislative ,reorganization ,act ( #aidf 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #deja7 ) respect to ea* ,memb] ( ,congress = ! ye> %all be r$uc$ by an am\nt equal to ! product (-- 7,a7 an am\nt equal to "o day's wor? ( pay "u su* annual rate2 & 7,b7 ! numb] ( #bd-;h\r p]iods dur+ :i* ! ,gov]nm5t %utd[n is 9 effect4 7#b7 ,effective date ,?is subsection %all apply ) respect to days occurr+ aft] ! date ( ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ,novemb] #bjbf4 7b7 ,special rule = ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress 7#a7 ,hold+ sal>ies 9 escr[ ,if on any day dur+ ! ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress a ,gov]nm5t %utd[n is 9 effect1 ! payroll adm9i/rator ( t ,h\se ( ,congress %all-- 7,a7 )hold f ! paym5ts o!rwise requir$ to be made ) respect to a pay p]iod = ! comp5sation ( ea* ,memb] ( ,congress :o s]ves 9 t ,h\se ( ,congress an am\nt equal to ! product (-- 7i7 an am\nt equal to "o day's wor? ( pay "u ! annual rate ( pay applicable to ! ,memb] "u section #fja7;a7 ( ! ,legislative ,reorganization ,act ( #aidf 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #deja72 & 7ii7 ! numb] ( #bd-;h\r p]iods dur+ :i* ! ,gov]nm5t %utd[n is 9 effect :i* occur dur+ ! pay p]iod2 & 7,b7 deposit 9 an escr[ acc\nt all am\nts )held "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7#b7 ,release ( am\nts at end ( ! ,congress ,9 ord] to ensure t ?is subsection is c>ri$ out 9 a mann] t %all n v>y ! comp5sation ( ,s5ators or ,repres5tatives 9 violation ( ! tw5ty-sev5? article ( am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! payroll adm9i/rator ( a ,h\se ( ,congress %all release = paym5ts to ,memb]s ( t ,h\se ( ,congress any am\nts rema9+ 9 any escr[ acc\nt "u ?is subsection on ! la/ day ( ! ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress4 7#c7 ,exception = days occurr+ aft] g5]al election ,?is subsection does n apply ) respect to any day dur+ ! ,"o ,hundr$ ,n9ete5? ,congress :i* occurs aft] ! date ( ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ,novemb] #bjbf4 7c7 ,det]m9ation ( ,gov]nm5t %utd[n ,= purposes ( ?is section1 a ,gov]nm5t %utd[n %all be consid]$ to be 9 effect if !re is a lapse 9 appropriations = any ,f$]al ag5cy or dep>tm5t z a result ( a failure to enact a regul> appropriations bill or cont9u+ resolution4 #bjd4 ,role ( ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all provide ! payroll adm9i/rators ( ! ,h\ses ( ,congress ) su* assi/ance z may be necess>y to enable ! payroll adm9i/rators to c>ry out ?is title4 #bje4 ,def9itions 7a7 ,memb] ( ,congress ,9 ?is title1 ! t]m ,memb] ( ,congress means an individual s]v+ 9 a position "u subp>agraph 7,a71 7,b71 or 7,c7 ( section #fja7;a7 ( ! ,legislative ,reorganization ,act ( #aidf 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #deja74 7b7 ,payroll adm9i/rator ,9 ?is title1 ! payroll adm9i/rator ( a ,h\se ( ,congress means-- 7#a7 9 ! case ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 ! ,*ief ,adm9i/rative ,(fic] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 or an employee ( ! ,(fice ( ! ,*ief ,adm9i/rative ,(fic] :o is designat$ by ! ,*ief ,adm9i/rative ,(fic] to c>ry out ?is title2 & 7#b7 9 ! case ( ! ,s5ate1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,s5ate1 or an employee ( ! ,(fice ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,s5ate :o is designat$ by ! ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is title4 ,,iii ,supreme ,c\rt ,duration ( ,active ,s]vice #cja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,supreme ,c\rt ,t5ure ,e/abli%m5t & ,retirem5t ,mod]nization ,act4 #cjb4 ,supreme ,c\rt t]ms ( (fice 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,*apt] #a ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #g4 ,appo9tm5t 7a7 ,regul> appo9tm5t ( ju/ices ,! ,presid5t %all1 dur+ ! fir/ & ?ird ye>s aft] a ye> 9 :i* !re is a ,presid5tial election1 nom9ate1 & by & ) ! advice & cons5t ( ! ,s5ate1 appo9t "o ju/ice ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt4 7b7 ,exclusive me?od ( appo9tm5t ,! ,presid5t %all n appo9t any ju/ice ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt except z provid$ 9 ?is section4 7c7 ,limitation on repeat appo9tm5ts ,an individual1 once confirm$ by ! ,s5ate1 may only s]ve "o #ah-ye> t]m z a ,supreme ,c\rt ,ju/ice4 7d7 ,s5ate confirmation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,s5ate %all ex]cise its au?ority to provide advice & cons5t on nom9ations made "u subsection 7a7 n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! date on :i* ! individual is nom9at$ by ! ,presid5t4 7#b7 ,)drawal or disapproval ,if ! ,presid5t )draws a nom9ation "u subsection 7a7 or ! ,s5ate disapproves su* a nom9ation1 ! ,presid5t %all make ano!r nom9ation "u subsection 7a74 ,! ,s5ate %all ex]cise its au?ority to provide advice & cons5t on su* a subsequ5t nom9ation n lat] ?an #abj days aft] ! date on :i* ! individual is nom9at$ by ! ,presid5t4 #h4 ,duration ( active s]vice 7a7 ,new ju/ices ,ea* ju/ice %all s]ve 9 regul> active s]vice = #ah ye>s beg9n+ on ! date on :i* ! ju/ice is sworn 91 aft] :i* ! ju/ice %all be deem$ to h retir$ f regul> active s]vice "u section #cga4 7b7 ,curr5t ju/ices ,ea* ju/ice :o 0 appo9t$ be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is section & :o is s]v+ z a ju/ice on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is section %all1 not)/&+ ! p]iod ( s]vice ( ! ju/ice1 9 ord] ( duration ( s]vice beg9n+ ) ! ju/ice :o has s]v$ on ! ,supreme ,c\rt = ! longe/ p]iod ( "t1 be deem$ to h retir$ f regul> active s]vice "u section #cga7;b7 ^u ! date ( commission ( ea* new ju/ice z !y are appo9t$ "u section #g4 4 7b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( sections = *apt] #a ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #g4 ,appo9tm5t4 #h4 ,duration ( active s]vice4 4 #cjc4 ,s5ior ju/ices ,section #bid ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7d71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ except z provid$ by subsection 7e742 7#b7 by r$esignat+ subsection 7e7 z subsection 7f72 & 7#c7 by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7d7 ! foll[+3 7e7 ,9 ! ev5t t ! numb] ( ju/ices ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt falls bel[ t provid$ 9 section #a due to vacancy1 disability1 or disqualification1 a ju/ice ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt :o has retir$ f regul> active s]vice "u section #cga b reta9$ _! (fice %all be *os5 by ! ,*ief ,ju/ice ?r\gh a publicly transp>5t & r&omiz$ process to s]ve z an associate ju/ice until ! numb] ( ju/ices :o h n retir$ f regul> active s]vice equals t provid$ 9 section #a4 4 ,,iv ,con/itutional ,am5dm5t = ,congressional ,t]m ,limits #dja4 ,con/itutional am5dm5t = congressional t]m limits ,! foll[+ article is propos$ z an am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* %all be valid to all int5ts & purposes z "p ( ! ,con/itution :5 ratifi$ by ! legislatures ( ?ree-f\r?s ( ! sev]al ,/ates )9 sev5 ye>s aft] ! date ( its submission = ratification3 -- #a4 ,no p]son :o has s]v$ #i t]ms z a ,repres5tative %all be eligible = election to ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! election ( a p]son to fill a vacancy 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives %all be includ$ z #a t]m 9 det]m9+ ! numb] ( t]ms t su* p]son has s]v$ z a ,repres5tative if ! p]son fills ! vacancy = m ?an #a ye>4 #b4 ,no p]son :o has s]v$ #c t]ms z a ,s5ator %all be eligible = election or appo9tm5t to ! ,s5ate4 ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! election or appo9tm5t ( a p]son to fill a vacancy 9 ! ,s5ate %all be includ$ z #a t]m 9 det]m9+ ! numb] ( t]ms t su* p]son has s]v$ z a ,s5ator if ! p]son fills ! vacancy = m ?an #c ye>s4 #c4 ,no t]m beg9n+ be=e ! date ( ! ratification ( ?is article %all be tak5 into acc\nt 9 det]m9+ eligibility = election or appo9tm5t "u ?is article4 4 ,v ,supreme ,c\rt ,e?ics ,requirem5ts #eja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,supreme ,c\rt ,e?ics & ,inve/igations ,act4 #ejb4 ,e/abli%m5t ( ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel )9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,*apt] #de ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #fgh4 ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel 7a7 ,! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel ,! ,*ief ,ju/ice is au?oriz$ to e/abli% an ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel )9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 con/itut$ by "o *ief e?ics c\nsel :o may employ su* (fic]s & employees1 subject to ! provisions ( title #e1 gov]n+ appo9tm5ts 9 ! competitive s]vice1 & ! provisions ( *apt] #ea & sub*apt] ,,iii ( *apt] #ec ( su* title relat+ to classification & ,g5]al ,s*$ule pay rates2 & 7#b7 to advise & provide guidance to ju/ices ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt1 & _! sp\ses1 on matt]s ( judicial e?ics1 includ+-- 7,a7 f9ancial disclosure requirem5ts2 7,b7 ! acceptance ( gifts2 7,c7 political activity2 7,d7 conflicts ( int]e/ & recusal2 & 7,e7 ! unau?oriz$ disclosure ( (ficial ,c\rt docum5ts4 7b7 ,e?ics c\nsels 7#a7 ,/aff+ & comp5sation ( c\nsels 7,a7 ,*ief ,e?ics ,c\nsel ,! *ief e?ics c\nsel )9 ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel-- 7i7 may n be employ$ by ! ,c\rt on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is section2 7ii7 %all be appo9t$ by ! ,*ief ,ju/ice2 7iii7 %all s]ve n m ?an two #f-ye> t]ms2 & 7iv7 %all receive an annual rate ( pay ( at lea/ #bbe1jjj4 7,b7 ,o!r c\nsels ,any c\nsel o!r ?an ! *ief e?ics c\nsel )9 ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel-- 7i7 may n be employ$ by ! ,c\rt on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is section2 7ii7 %all be appo9t$ by ! *ief e?ics c\nsel2 7iii7 %all s]ve n m ?an two #f-ye> t]ms2 & 7iv7 %all receive an annual rate ( pay ( at lea/ #ahj1jjj4 7#b7 ,qualifications ,ea* c\nsel ( ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel %all-- 7,a7 be lic5s$ to practice law 9 a ,/ate or t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & a memb] ( ! b> 9 good /&+2 & 7,b7 possess at lea/ #e ye>s ( exp]i5ce z a practic+ attorney4 7#c7 ,exp]tise ,ea* c\nsel %all be an individual ( exceptional public /&+ :o is specifically qualifi$ to s]ve )9 ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel by virtue ( ! individual's education1 tra9+1 & exp]i5ce1 z det]m9$ by ! ,*ief ,ju/ice4 7#d7 ,t]m9ation ( c\nsels ,! employm5t ( a c\nsel may only be t]m9at$ by ! ,*ief ,ju/ice = cause4 7c7 ,tra9+ ,on a biannual basis1 ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel %all provide1 & ea* ju/ice %all take1 a tra9+ c\rse on ! judicial e?ics matt]s describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b74 7d7 ,report ,on an annual basis1 ! *ief e?ics c\nsel %all submit to ! ,committees on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ( ! ,s5ate a report on ! e?ics advice giv5 by ! ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel dur+ ! previ\s ye>1 includ+-- 7#a7 ! numb] ( times advice 0 s\ght & giv52 7#b7 :e!r ! advice 0 s\ght by judicial (fic]s or by judicial employees2 7#c7 in=mation ab\t ! topics cov]$ by ! advice giv51 includ+ ! numb] ( que/ions relat$ to gifts1 f9ancial disclosures1 nonpublic in=mation1 & political activity2 7#d7 ! numb] & types ( mitigation measures t 7 recomm5d$1 includ+ recusal1 dive/iture1 & resignation2 & 7#e7 ! numb] ( times advice describ$ 9 ?is subsection 0 n foll[$ by ! individual to :om x 0 giv51 if kn[n by ! ,(fice4 7e7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7 ,! t]m gift means any gratuity1 favor1 disc\nt1 ent]ta9m5t1 hospitality1 loan1 =be>ance1 or o!r item hav+ monet>y value4 ,! t]m includes s]vices z well z gifts ( tra9+1 transportation1 local travel1 lodg+s & meals1 :e!r provid$ 9-k9d1 by pur*ase ( a ticket1 paym5t 9 advance1 or reimbursem5t aft] ! exp5se has be5 incurr$4 7#b7 ,! t]m political activity means political engagem5ts1 su* z paid speak+ ev5ts1 fundrais]s1 or donations to political p>ties1 politicians1 political action gr\ps1 or endorsem5ts ( political c&idates4 4 7b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts ( *apt] #de ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section #fgh ! foll[+3 #fgh4 ,(fice ( ,e?ics ,c\nsel4 4 #ejc4 ,e/abli%m5t ( ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel )9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,*apt] #de ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section #ejb1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #fgi4 ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel 7a7 ,(fice ( inve/igative c\nsel ,! ,*ief ,ju/ice is au?oriz$ to e/abli% an ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel )9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 con/itut$ by "o ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel & at lea/ two additional inve/igative c\nsels2 & 7#b7 to review & inve/igate e?ics compla9ts aga9/ ju/ices aris+ f _! actions or ! actions ( _! sp\ses & dep5d5ts4 7b7 ,inve/igative c\nsels 7#a7 ,/aff+ & comp5sation ( c\nsels 7,a7 ,*ief inve/igative c\nsel ,! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel-- 7i7 may n be employ$ by ! c\rt on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is section2 7ii7 %all be appo9t$ by ! ,*ief ,ju/ice2 7iii7 %all s]ve n m ?an "o #f-ye> t]m2 & 7iv7 %all receive an annual rate ( pay ( at lea/ #bbe1jjj4 7,b7 ,additional inve/igative c\nsels ,! inve/igative c\nsels-- 7i7 may n be employ$ by ! c\rt on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is section2 7ii7 %all be appo9t$ by ! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel2 7iii7 %all s]ve at ! pleasure ( ! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel2 & 7iv7 %all receive an annual rate ( pay ( at lea/ #ahj1jjj4 7,c7 ,qualifications ,ea* inve/igative c\nsel ( ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all-- 7i7 be lic5s$ to practice law 9 a ,/ate or t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & a memb] ( ! b> 9 good /&+2 & 7ii7 possess at lea/ #g ye>s ( exp]i5ce z a practic+ attorney4 7,d7 ,exp]tise ,ea* inve/igative c\nsel & ! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all be an individual ( exceptional public /&+ :o is specifically qualifi$ to s]ve )9 ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel by virtue ( ! individual's education1 tra9+1 & exp]i5ce4 7,e7 ,t]m9ation ( c\nsels ,! employm5t ( ! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel may only be t]m9at$ by ! ,*ief ,ju/ice = cause4 7#b7 ,subpo5a p[] 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,= ! dis*>ge ( _! duties1 ! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all h ! au?ority to issue subpo5as to compel witnesses to appe> & te/ify & to produce books1 pap]s1 correspond5ce1 memor&a1 docum5ts1 or o!r relevant records4 ,! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel may issue subpo5as requir+ ! att5dance & te/imony ( witnesses & ! production ( any evid5ce relat+ to any matt] "u inve/igation by ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel1 :i* ! ,(fice is emp[]$ to inve/igate by ?is section4 ,! att5dance ( witnesses & ! production ( evid5ce may be requir$ f any place )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates at any designat$ place ( he>+ )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7,b7 ,failure to obey a subpo5a ,if a p]son refuses to obey a subpo5a issu$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,*ief ,inve/igative ,c\nsel may apply to a ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = an ord] requir+ t p]son to appe> be=e ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel to give te/imony1 produce evid5ce1 or bo?1 relat+ to ! matt] "u inve/igation4 ,! application may be made )9 ! judicial di/rict :]e ! he>+ is conduct$ or :]e t p]son is f\nd1 resides1 or transacts bus9ess4 ,any failure to obey ! ord] ( ! c\rt %all be puni%able by contempt ( c\rt4 7,c7 ,s]vice ( subpo5as ,! subpo5as ( ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all be s]v$ 9 ! mann] provid$ = subpo5as issu$ by a ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt "u ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,civil ,proc$ure = ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rts4 7,d7 ,s]vice ( process ,all process ( any c\rt to :i* application is made "u subp>agraph 7,b7 may be s]v$ 9 ! judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! p]son requir$ to be s]v$ resides or may be f\nd4 7c7 ,e?ics compla9ts 7#a7 ,fil+ ,an e?ics compla9t aga9/ a ju/ice may be fil$ ) ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel by-- 7,a7 ! *air or rank+ m9ority memb] ( ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives or ( ! ,s5ate2 7,b7 ! ,majority ,lead] or ,m9ority ,lead] ( ! ,s5ate2 or 7,c7 ! ,speak] or ! ,m9ority ,lead] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 7#b7 ,review ,n lat] ?an #fj days aft] an e?ics compla9t is fil$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all review ! compla9t & det]m9e :e!r a full inve/igation is appropriate4 ,9 mak+ a det]m9ation "u ?is p>agraph1 ! ,(fice %all consid] :e!r ! alleg$ behavior ( a ju/ice violates ! ,code ( ,conduct ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt1 ! ,judicial ,code ( ,conduct1 or any applicable law or regulation4 ,^u mak+ a det]m9ation "u ?is p>agraph1 ! *ief c\nsel %all respond to ea* e?ics compla9t fil$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 reg>dless ( :e!r ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel det]m9es t an inve/igation is appropriate4 7#c7 ,inve/igation ,if ! ,(fice det]m9es t a full inve/igation is appropriate1 x %all op5 ! inve/igation n lat] ?an #ae days aft] mak+ su* det]m9ation4 7#d7 ,report+ 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all submit to ! ,*ief ,ju/ice a report conta9+ its f9d+s & recomm5dations ab\t an e?ics compla9t fil$ "u p>agraph 7#b7 7includ+ 9 ! case ( a compla9t ) respect to :i* ! ,(fice det]m9es t no violation has occurr$71 except t 9 ! case ( an e?ics compla9t ) respect to :i* ! ,*ief ,ju/ice is ! subject1 ! ,(fice %all deliv] su* report to ! mo/ s5ior associate ju/ice4 7,b7 ,cont5ts ,a report "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all include-- 7i7 ea* violation ( ! ,code ( ,conduct = ! ,supreme ,c\rt committ$ by ! ju/ice :o 0 ! subject ( ! inve/igation "u p>agraph 7#c71 includ+ any su* violation t arose z a result ( ! actions ( a sp\se or dep5d5t ( ! ju/ice2 & 7ii7 sub/antive & actionable recomm5dations f ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel includ+ recusal1 dive/m5t & neutralization conflicts ( int]e/1 & o!r rem$ies4 7,c7 ,publication 7i7 ,*ief ,ju/ice ,! ,*ief ,ju/ice may1 9 8 sole discretion1 release to ! public a report receiv$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 b may n alt] su* a report 9 any way1 except to r$act any classifi$ or p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation4 ,9 ! case ( an e?ics compla9t ) respect to :i* ! ,*ief ,ju/ice is ! subject1 ! mo/ s5ior associate ju/ice is au?oriz$ to c>ry out ?is clause4 7ii7 ,availability to ,congress ,n lat] ?an #aj days aft] complet+ a report "u subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all make ! report available to-- 7,i7 ! ,committees on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ( ! ,s5ate2 7,,ii7 ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives2 & 7,,iii7 ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate4 7iii7 ,duty to in=m ! ,attorney ,g5]al ,9 c>ry+ out ! duties ( ! ,(fice1 ! ,inve/igative ,c\nsel %all report exp$iti\sly to ! ,attorney ,g5]al :5ev] ! ,inve/igative ,c\nsel has reasonable gr\nds to believe !re has be5 a violation ( ,f$]al crim9al law4 4 7b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts ( *apt] #de ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section #fgh1 z add$ by section #b1 ! foll[+3 #fgi4 ,(fice ( ,inve/igative ,c\nsel4 4 #ejd4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is title1 or any application ( su* provision to any p]son or circum/ance1 is held to be uncon/itutional1 ! rema9d] ( ?is title & ! application ( ?is title to any o!r p]son or circum/ance %all n be affect$4 ,,vi ,prev5t+ ,abuses ( ,presid5tial ,p[] #fjj4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,division ,a ( ! ,protect+ ,our ,democracy ,act4 ,a ,abuse ( ! ,p>don ,p[] ,prev5tion #fja4 ,%ort title ,?is subtitle may be cit$ z ! ,abuse ( ! ,p>don ,p[] ,prev5tion ,act4 #fjb4 ,congressional ov]sight relat+ to c]ta9 p>dons 7a7 ,submission ( in=mation ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t grants an individual a p>don = a cov]$ (f5se1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all submit to ! *air & rank+ memb] ( ea* appropriate congressional committee-- 7#a7 all mat]ials obta9$ or produc$ by ! prosecution team1 includ+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al & any ,unit$ ,/ates ,attorney1 & all mat]ials obta9$ or prep>$ by any inve/igative ag5cy ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 relat+ to ! (f5se = :i* ! individual 0 p>don$2 & 7#b7 all mat]ials obta9$ or produc$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice 9 relation to ! p>don4 7b7 ,treatm5t ( in=mation ,rule #f7;e7 ( ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,crim9al ,proc$ure may n be con/ru$ to prohibit ! disclosure ( in=mation requir$ by subsection 7a7 ( ?is section4 7c7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7 ,appropriate congressional committee ,! t]m appropriate congressional committee means-- 7,a7 ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives2 & 7,b7 if an inve/igation relates to intellig5ce or c\nt]9tellig5ce matt]s1 ! ,select ,committee on ,intellig5ce ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,p]man5t ,select ,committee on ,intellig5ce ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 7#b7 ,cov]$ (f5se ,! t]m cov]$ (f5se means-- 7,a7 an (f5se aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates t arises f an inve/igation 9 :i* a t>get or subject is-- 7i7 ! ,presid5t2 7ii7 a relative ( ! ,presid5t2 7iii7 a =m] ,presid5t2 7iv7 any individual :o is s]v+ or previ\sly s]v$ z a political appo9tee 7z def9$ 9 section #abaf7;f77#f7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$ by title ,,xxvi ( ?is ,act7 "u ! ,presid5t2 7v7 any individual :o 0 an employee ( an au?oriz$ committee 7z def9$ 9 section #cja7f7 ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja7f777 ( ! ,presid5t = any election to ! (fice ( ,presid5t2 or 7vi7 9 ! case ( an (f5se motivat$ by a direct & significant p]sonal or pecuni>y int]e/ ( any individual describ$ 9 clause 7i71 7ii71 7iii71 7iv71 or 7v71 any p]son or entity2 7,b7 an (f5se "u section #ajb ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #aib72 or 7,c7 an (f5se "u section #ajja1 #aeje1 #aeab1 or #afba ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if ! (f5se occurr$ 9 relation to a congressional proce$+ or inve/igation4 7#c7 ,p>don ,! t]m p>don includes a commutation ( a s5t5ce4 7#d7 ,relative ,! t]m relative1 ) respect to ! ,presid5t1 means-- 7,a7 a family memb] 7z def9$ 9 section #afce4c7;a7 ( title #bi1 ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations1 or any successor regulation7 ( ! ,presid5t :o is a fir/-degree relative1 second-degree relative1 or ?ird-degree relative 7z ^? t]ms are def9$ 9 su* section #afce4c7;a7 or any successor regulation7 ( ! ,presid5t2 or 7,b7 a sp\se ( a family memb] describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a74 #fjc4 ,brib]y 9 connection ) p>dons & commutations ,section #bja ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 by ins]t+ 1 includ+ ! ,presid5t & ! ,vice ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 aft] or an (fic] or employee or p]son2 & 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7i7 by /rik+ means any p]son & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 means-- 7,a7 any p]son 2 7ii7 by /rik+ & at ! end2 & 7iii7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7,b7 any p]son :o is an app>5t successful c&idate = ! (fice ( ,presid5t1 z det]m9$ "u section #c7;c7 ( ! ,presid5tial ,transition ,act ( #aifc 7#c ,u4,s4,c4 #ajb note2 ,public ,law #hh-bgg7 & has n yet assum$ ! (fice ( ,presid5t2 & 7,c7 any p]son :o is an app>5t successful c&idate = ! (fice ( ,vice ,presid5t1 z det]m9$ "u section #c7;c7 ( ! ,presid5tial ,transition ,act ( #aifc 7#c ,u4,s4,c4 #ajb note2 ,public ,law #hh-bgg7 & has n yet assum$ ! (fice ( ,vice ,presid5t2 & 2 & 7#b7 9 subsection 7b77#c71 by ins]t+ 7includ+1 = purposes ( ?is p>agraph1 any p>don1 commutation1 or reprieve1 or an (f] ( any su* p>don1 commutation1 or reprieve7 aft] corruptly gives1 (f]s1 or promises any?+ ( value4 #fjd4 ,prohibition on presid5tial self-p>don ,! ,presid5t's grant ( a p>don to himself or h]self is void & ( no effect1 & %all n deprive ! c\rts ( jurisdiction1 or op]ate to conf] on ! ,presid5t any legal immunity f inve/igation or prosecution4 ,b ,ensur+ ,no ,presid5t ,is ,above ! ,law #faa4 ,%ort title ,?is subtitle may be cit$ z ! ,no ,presid5t is ,above ! ,law ,act4 #fab4 ,toll+ ( /atute ( limitations 7a7 ,(f5ses committ$ by ! ,presid5t or ,vice ,presid5t dur+ or prior to t5ure 9 (fice ,section #cbhb ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7c7 ,(f5ses committ$ by ! ,presid5t or ,vice ,presid5t dur+ or prior to t5ure 9 (fice ,9 ! case ( any p]son s]v+ 9 ! (fice ( ,presid5t or ,vice ,presid5t1 ! duration ( t p]son's t5ure 9 su* (fice %all n be consid]$ = purposes ( any p]iod ( limitations applicable to any ,f$]al crim9al (f5se committ$ by t p]son 7includ+ any (f5se committ$ dur+ any p]iod ( "t prec$+ su* t5ure 9 (fice74 4 7b7 ,applicability ,! am5dm5t made by subsection 7a7 %all apply to any (f5se committ$ be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is section1 if ! p]iod ( limitations applicable to t (f5se _h n run z ( su* date4 7c7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to preclude ! indictm5t or prosecution ( a p]son s]v+ 9 ! (fice ( ,presid5t or ,vice ,presid5t1 dur+ t p]son's t5ure 9 su* (fice1 = a violation ( ! crim9al laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #fac4 ,contracts by ! ,presid5t1 ! ,vice ,presid5t1 or a cab9et memb] 7a7 ,am5dm5t ,section #dca ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! section head+1 by ins]t+ ! ,presid5t1 ! ,vice ,presid5t1 a ,cab9et ,memb]1 or a aft] ,contracts by2 & 7#b7 9 ! fir/ undesignat$ p>agraph1 by ins]t+ ! ,presid5t1 ! ,vice ,presid5t1 9 a position at level ,i ( ! ,executive ,s*$ule "u section #ecab ( title #e1 aft] ,:oev]1 be+4 7b7 ,table ( sections am5dm5t ,! table ( sections = *apt] #bc ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! item relat+ to section #dca & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 #dca4 ,contracts by ! ,presid5t1 ! ,vice ,presid5t1 a ,cab9et ,memb]1 or a ,memb] ( ,congress4 4 #fad4 ,=feiture ( b5efits = =m] ,presid5ts convict$ ( a felony ,! fir/ section ( ! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide retirem5t1 cl]ical assi/ants1 & free mail+ privileges to =m] ,presid5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & = o!r purposes1 approv$ ,augu/ #be1 #aieh 7commonly kn[n z ! ,=m] ,presid5ts ,act ( #aieh2 #c ,u4,s4,c4 #ajb note71 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+ ,ea* =m] ,presid5t & ins]t+ ,subject to subsection 7h71 ea* =m] ,presid5t2 7#b7 9 subsection 7f71 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#b7 & ins]t+3 7#b7 :o has n be5 impea*$ by ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & convict$ by ! ,s5ate pursuant to ! impea*m5t2 & 2 & 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subsection3 7h7 7#a7 ,if a =m] ,presid5t is f9ally convict$ ( a felony = :i* e act or omission t is ne$$ to satisfy ! elem5ts ( ! felony is committ$ dur+ or aft] ! p]iod su* =m] ,presid5t holds ! (fice ( ,presid5t1 or 0 f9ally convict$ ( su* a felony :ile hold+ su* (fice-- 7,a7 no monet>y all[ance "u subsection 7a7 may be provid$ to su* =m] ,presid5t2 7,b7 no funds may be obligat$ or exp5d$ "u subsection 7g7 ) respect to su* =m] ,presid5t except to ! ext5t necess>y to ma9ta9 ! security ( su* =m] ,presid5t1 z det]m9$ by ! ,director ( ! ,secret ,s]vice2 & 7,c7 su* =m] ,presid5t %all repay any am\nts receiv$ "u subsection 7a7 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* su* =m] ,presid5t is initially convict$ ( ! felony & end+ on ! date su* =m] ,presid5t is f9ally convict$ ( ! felony4 7#b7 ,! t]m f9ally convict$ means a conviction-- 7,a7 :i* has n be5 appeal$ & is no long] appealable because ! "t = tak+ an appeal has expir$2 or 7,b7 :i* has be5 appeal$ & ! appeals process = :i* is complet$4 4 ,c ,en=cem5t ( ! ,emolum5ts ,clauses ( ! ,con/itution #fba4 ,%ort title ,?is subtitle may be cit$ z ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act4 #fbb4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is subtitle3 7#a7 ,emolum5t ,! t]m emolum5t means any pr(it1 ga91 or advantage1 includ+ any paym5t t is receiv$ directly or indirectly f any gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry1 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 or any ,/ate or local gov]nm5t1 or f any in/rum5tality !re(4 7#b7 ,gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry ,! t]m gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #a7;e7 ( ! ,=eign ,ag5ts ,regi/ration ,act ( #aich1 z am5d$ 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa7;e774 7#c7 ,paym5t ,! t]m paym5t-- 7,a7 means ! direct or indirect provision ( any?+ ( value1 includ+ any tangible item2 & 7,b7 includes any direct or indirect paym5t 9 any =m aris+ f a comm]cial transaction ( any k9d1 includ+ any paym5t involv+ a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 :e!r or n at fair m>ket value4 7#d7 ,p]son hold+ any (fice ( pr(it or tru/ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,! t]m p]son hold+ any (fice ( pr(it or tru/ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates includes-- 7,a7 ! ,presid5t2 & 7,b7 ! ,vice ,presid5t4 7#e7 ,presid5tially-own$ entity ,! t]m ,presid5tially-own$ entity means a corporation1 association1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability company1 limit$ liability p>tn]%ip1 o!r legal entity1 or sole proprietor%ip 9 :i* ! ,presid5t has an own]%ip /ake1 except t su* t]m does n include an entity 9 :i* m ?an #ajj p h an own]%ip /ake & ! ,presid5t holds no m ?an five p]c5t 9 a b5eficial own]%ip /ake & t-- 7,a7 issues securities regi/]$ ) ! ,securities & ,ex*ange ,commission pursuant to section #ab ( ! ,securities ,ex*ange ,act ( #aicd 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #ghl72 7,b7 is an inve/m5t company regi/]$ pursuant to section #h ( ! ,inve/m5t ,company ,act ( #aidj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #hj;a-#h7 t does n h a /at$ policy ( conc5trat+ ! inve/m5ts ( ! inve/m5t company 9 any indu/ry1 bus9ess1 s+le c\ntry o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or bonds ( a s+le ,/ate )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or 7,c7 is a unit inve/m5t tru/1 z def9$ 9 section #d ( ! ,inve/m5t ,company ,act ( #aidj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #hj;a-#d7 t-- 7i7 is a regulat$ inve/m5t company1 z def9$ 9 section #hea ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf2 & 7ii7 does n h a /at$ policy ( conc5trat+ ! inve/m5ts ( ! inve/m5t company 9 any indu/ry1 bus9ess1 s+le c\ntry o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or bonds ( a s+le ,/ate )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#f7 ,/ate ,! t]m ,/ate means ea* ( ! sev]al ,/ates ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 or any t]ritory or possession ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#g7 ,cov]$ (ficial ,! t]m cov]$ (ficial means-- 7,a7 any individual 7o!r ?an an individual nom9at$ = appo9tm5t to a position z a ,=eign ,s]vice ,(fic] or a grade or rank 9 ! uni=m$ s]vices = :i* ! pay grade prescrib$ by section #bja ( title #cg is ,o-#f or bel[7-- 7i7 nom9at$ by ! ,presid5t = a position ! appo9tm5t to :i* requires ! advice & cons5t ( ! ,s5ate2 or 7ii7 :om ! ,presid5t-elect has publicly ann\nc$ an int5t to nom9ate to su* a position2 & 7,b7 any individual occupy+-- 7i7 a position describ$ "u sections #ecab ?r\gh #ecaf ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7relat+ to ! ,executive ,s*$ule72 7ii7 a nonc>e] appo9tm5t 9 ! ,s5ior ,executive ,s]vice1 z def9$ "u section #cacb7;a7 ( su* title #e2 7iii7 a position 9 ! executive bran* ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( a confid5tial or policy-det]m9+ "* "u s*$ule ,c ( subp>t ,c ( "p #bac ( title #e1 ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations2 or 7iv7 a position 9 ! ,executive ,(fice ( ! ,presid5t pursuant to an appo9tm5t o!r ?an a c>e] or c>e]-conditional appo9tm5t4 #fbc4 ,prohibition on acceptance ( =eign emolum5ts 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z o!rwise provid$ 9 section #gcdb ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 x %all be unlawful = any p]son hold+ any (fice ( pr(it or tru/ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates to accept f a gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry1 )\t fir/ obta9+ ! cons5t ( ,congress1 any pres5t1 emolum5t1 paym5t1 (fice1 or title4 7b7 ,application ,! prohibition "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all apply )\t reg>d to :e!r ! pres5t1 emolum5t1 paym5t1 (fice1 or title is-- 7#a7 provid$ directly or indirectly by ! gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry or an in/rum5tality !re(2 or 7#b7 provid$ to ! p]son hold+ any (fice ( pr(it or tru/ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates or to any private bus9ess int]e/ ( t p]son4 #fbd4 ,civil actions by ,congress conc]n+ =eign emolum5ts 7a7 ,cause ( action ,! ,s5ate or ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives may br+ a civil action aga9/ any p]son = a violation ( section #acjc7;a74 7b7 ,special rules ,9 any civil action describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 ! foll[+ rules %all apply3 7#a7 ,! action %all be fil$ be=e ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4 7#b7 ,! action %all be he>d by a ?ree-judge c\rt conv5$ pursuant to section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,x %all be ! duty ( su* c\rt to advance on ! docket & to exp$ite to ! greate/ possible ext5t ! disposition ( any su* action4 ,su* action %all be reviewable only by appeal directly to ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,su* appeal %all be tak5 by ! fil+ ( a notice ( appeal )9 #aj days1 & ! fil+ ( a jurisdictional /atem5t )9 #cj days1 ( ! entry ( ! f9al decision4 7#c7 ,x %all be ! duty ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to advance on ! docket & to exp$ite to ! greate/ possible ext5t ! disposition ( any su* action & appeal4 7c7 ,rem$y ,if ! c\rt det]m9es t a violation ( section #acjc7;a7 has occurr$1 ! c\rt %all issue an ord] enjo9+ ! c\rse ( conduct f\nd to con/itute ! violation1 & su* ( ! foll[+ z are appropriate3 7#a7 ,! disgorgem5t ( ! value ( any pres5t or emolum5t f ! gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry4 7#b7 ,! surr5d] ( ! physical pres5t or emolum5t to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 :i* %all1 if practicable1 dispose ( ! pres5t or emolum5t & deposit ! proce$s into ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury4 7#c7 ,! r5unciation ( any (fice or title accept$ 9 violation ( su* subsection4 7#d7 ,a prohibition on ! use or hold+ ( su* an (fice or title4 7#e7 ,su* o!r relief z ! c\rt det]m9es appropriate4 7d7 ,use ( ,gov]nm5t funds prohibit$ ,no appropriat$ funds1 funds provid$ f any acc\nts 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury1 funds d]iv$ f ! collection ( fees1 or any o!r ,gov]nm5t funds %all be us$ to pay any disgorgem5t impos$ by ! c\rt pursuant to ?is section4 #fbe4 ,prohibit+ s5ior ,f$]al (ficials f accept+ =eign paym5ts 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt] #gc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ aft] section #gcdb ! foll[+3 #gcdc4 ,prohibit+ s5ior ,f$]al (ficials f accept+ =eign paym5ts 7a7 ,prohibition 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,x %all be unlawful = any s5ior ,f$]al (ficial to receive1 accept1 or reta9 a =eign paym5t1 includ+ ?r\gh a bus9ess entity controll$ by a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial1 )\t fir/ obta9+ ! cons5t ( ,congress pursuant to ?is section & section #gcdd4 7#b7 ,two-ye> po/ employm5t ,dur+ ! #b-ye> p]iod beg9n+ on ! date t an individual leaves ! position ( a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial1 x %all be unlawful = su* individual to receive1 accept1 or reta9 a =eign paym5t1 includ+ ?r\gh a bus9ess entity controll$ by a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial1 )\t fir/ obta9+ ! cons5t ( ,congress pursuant to ?is section & section #gcdd4 ,su* individual %all make ! requisite disclosures requir$ "u subsection 7b7 ( ?is section4 7#c7 ,c&idate reports ,an individual o!r ?an an incumb5t ,presid5t or ,vice ,presid5t :o becomes a c&idate 7z def9$ 9 section #cja ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja77 = ! (fice ( ,presid5t or ,vice ,presid5t %all submit a report to ,congress at ! end ( ea* #cj-;day p]iod su* individual is su* a c&idate li/+ any =eign paym5ts su* individual receiv$ dur+ su* p]iod4 7b7 ,disclosure 7#a7 ,notice ,any s5ior ,f$]al (ficial t wi%es to receive1 accept1 or reta9 a =eign paym5t %all submit 79 writ+7 notice to ! ,director prior to receiv+1 accept+1 or reta9+ any =eign paym5t4 ,su* reque/ %all include1 at a m9imum-- 7,a7 ! "n (1 & position occupi$ by1 ! s5ior ,f$]al (ficial2 7,b7 details reg>d+ ! =eign paym5t ! s5ior ,f$]al (ficial wi%es to receive1 accept1 & reta91 includ+ ! =eign gov]nm5t t w\ld provide ! =eign paym5t1 ! type ( paym5t & ! f9ancial in/rum5t to be us$ to provide ! paym5t1 ! value ( ! =eign paym5t1 & :e!r ! =eign paym5t w\ld be provid$ ?r\gh a bus9ess entity1 &1 if s1 ! bus9ess entity & ! specific transaction ?r\gh :i* x w\ld be provid$2 & 7,c7 a /atem5t confirm+ t ! s5ior ,f$]al (ficial has n reque/$ or o!rwise enc\rag$ ! t5d] ( ! =eign paym5t4 7#b7 ,notification to ,congress ,n lat] ?an #aj days aft] receiv+ notice "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,director %all submit su* notice to ,congress4 7#c7 ,memb]s ( ,congress ,= purposes ( c>ry+ out ?is subsection ) respect to ,memb]s ( ,congress-- 7,a7 ) respect to any su* ,memb] :o is a ,s5ator1 ! t]m ! ,select ,committee on ,e?ics ( ! ,s5ate %all be sub/itut$ = ,director2 & 7,b7 ) respect to any su* ,memb] :o is a ,memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 ! t]m ,committee on ,e?ics ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives %all be sub/itut$ = ,director4 7c7 ,def9itions ,= purposes ( ?is section & sections #gcdd & #gcde-- 7#a7 ! t]m bus9ess entity-- 7,a7 means a =-pr(it corporation1 association1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability company1 limit$ liability p>tn]%ip1 o!r legal entity1 or sole proprietor%ip 9 :i* a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial has an own]%ip /ake2 & 7,b7 does n include an entity 9 :i* m ?an #ajj p h an own]%ip /ake & ! s5ior ,f$]al (ficial holds no m ?an #e p]c5t 9 a b5eficial own]%ip /ake & t-- 7i7 issues securities regi/]$ ) ! ,securities & ,ex*ange ,commission pursuant to section #ab ( ! ,securities ,ex*ange ,act ( #aicd 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #ghl72 7ii7 is an inve/m5t company regi/]$ pursuant to section #h ( ! ,inve/m5t ,company ,act ( #aidj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #hj;a-#h7 t does n h a /at$ policy ( conc5trat+ ! inve/m5ts ( ! inve/m5t company 9 any indu/ry1 bus9ess1 s+le c\ntry o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or bonds ( a s+le ,/ate )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or 7iii7 is a unit inve/m5t tru/1 z def9$ 9 section #d ( ! ,inve/m5t ,company ,act ( #aidj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #hj;a-#d7 t-- 7,i7 is a regulat$ inve/m5t company1 z def9$ 9 section #hea ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf2 & 7,,ii7 does n h a /at$ policy ( conc5trat+ ! inve/m5ts ( ! inve/m5t company 9 any indu/ry1 bus9ess1 s+le c\ntry o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or bonds ( a s+le ,/ate )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7#b7 ! t]m ,director means ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics2 7#c7 ! t]m =eign paym5t-- 7,a7 means any direct or indirect paym5t 9 any =m1 includ+ any tangible item1 aris+ f comm]cial transactions ( any k9d1 includ+ any paym5t involv+ a bus9ess entity1 :e!r or n at fair m>ket value f-- 7i7 any =eign gov]nm5t 7z t t]m is def9$ 9 section #gcdb7;a772 7ii7 any corporate ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]cial endeavors own$ #ej p]c5t or m or controll$ by a =eign gov]nm5t2 or 7iii7 any memb] ( ! family ( a sov]eign 9 a mon>*ical gov]nm5t2 & 7,b7 does n include any gift or decoration cov]$ "u section #gcdb2 & 7#d7 ! t]m s5ior ,f$]al (ficial means-- 7,a7 ! ,presid5t & ! ,vice ,presid5t2 7,b7 a ,memb] ( ,congress 7z t t]m is def9$ 9 section #bajf72 7,c7 ! head ( any ,executive dep>tm5t2 7,d7 any individual employ$ on ! /aff ( ! ,presid5t 9 a position ) ! title ( ,assi/ant to ! ,presid5t1 ,deputy ,assi/ant to ! ,presid5t1 ,special ,assi/ant to ! ,presid5t1 ,advisor to ! ,presid5t1 or ,c\nselor to ! ,presid5t2 & 7,e7 any o!r s5ior ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t employee designat$ by ! ,director4 #gcdd4 ,congressional review ( reque/ to receive1 accept1 & reta9 =eign paym5t 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial may n receive1 accept1 or reta9 a =eign paym5t unless ,congress has1 prior to su* receipt1 acceptance1 or ret5tion1 cons5t$ ?r\gh enactm5t ( a concurr5t resolution ( approval z provid$ "u ?is section4 7b7 ,review 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m concurr5t resolution means only a concurr5t resolution-- 7,a7 introduc$ dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date ,congress receives notice f ! ,director "u section #gcdc7;b77#b7 & end+ on ! date t is #ij days !reaft]2 & 7,b7 consi/+ only ( ! foll[+ text 9 ! matt] foll[+ ! resolv+ clause3 ,t ,congress h]eby cons5ts to ! acceptance by ( ! =eign paym5t describ$ z foll[s3 41 ) ! fir/ blank space fill$ 9 ) ! "n ( ! s5ior ,f$]al (ficial & ! second blank space fill$ 9 ) a detail$ description ( ! =eign paym5t4 7#b7 ,committee consid]ation ,a concurr5t resolution "u ?is section %all be ref]r$ to ! appropriate committee ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate4 ,"o su* concurr5t resolution %all be report$ out by su* committee toge!r ) its recomm5dations )9 fifte5 legislative days aft] ! day on :i* su* resolution is ref]r$ to su* committee1 unless su* ,h\se %all o!rwise det]m9e by ! yeas & nays4 7#c7 ,consid]ation ,any concurr5t resolution s report$ %all become ! p5d+ bus9ess ( ! ,h\se 9 "q 79 ! case ( ! ,s5ate ! "t = debate %all be equally divid$ betwe5 ! propon5ts & ! oppon5ts7 & %all be vot$ on )9 ?ree legislative days aft] ! day on :i* su* resolution is report$1 unless su* ,h\se %all o!rwise det]m9e by yeas & nays4 7#d7 ,coord9ation ,su* a concurr5t resolution pass$ by "o ,h\se %all be ref]r$ to ! appropriate committee ( ! o!r ,h\se & %all be report$ out by su* committee toge!r ) its recomm5dations )9 fifte5 legislative days aft] ! day on :i* su* resolution is ref]r$ to su* committee & %all !reupon become ! p5d+ bus9ess ( su* ,h\se & %all be vot$ ^u )9 ?ree legislative days aft] ! day on :i* su* resolution is report$1 unless su* ,h\se %all o!rwise det]m9e by yeas & nays4 7#e7 ,conf]5ce ,9 ! case ( any disagreem5t betwe5 ! two ,h\ses ( ,congress ) respect to a jo9t resolution pass$ by bo? ,h\ses1 conf]ees %all be promptly appo9t$ & ! committee ( conf]5ce %all make & file a report ) respect to su* jo9t resolution )9 six legislative days aft] ! day on :i* manag]s on ! "p ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,h\se h be5 appo9t$4 ,not)/&+ any rule 9 ei!r ,h\se conc]n+ ! pr9t+ ( conf]5ce reports or conc]n+ any delay 9 ! consid]ation ( su* reports1 su* report %all be act$ on by bo? ,h\ses n lat] ?an six legislative days aft] ! conf]5ce report is fil$ 9 ! ,h\se 9 :i* su* report is fil$ fir/4 ,9 ! ev5t ! conf]ees are unable to agree )9 =ty-eight h\rs1 !y %all report back to _! respective ,h\ses 9 disagreem5t4 7c7 ,ex]cise ( rulemak+ p[]s ,?is section is enact$ by ! ,congress-- 7#a7 z an ex]cise ( ! rulemak+ p[] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate1 respectively1 & z su* !y %all be consid]$ z "p ( ! rules ( ea* ,h\se1 respectively1 or ( t ,h\se to :i* !y specifically apply1 & su* rules %all sup]s$e o!r rules only to ! ext5t t !y are inconsi/5t !re)2 & 7#b7 ) full recognition ( ! con/itutional "r ( ei!r ,h\se to *ange su* rules 7s f> z relat+ to su* ,h\se7 at any "t1 9 ! same mann]1 & to ! same ext5t z 9 ! case ( any o!r rule ( su* ,h\se4 #gcde4 ,p5alties 7a7 ,civil ,action by ! ,attorney ,g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may br+ a civil action aga9/ a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial 9 an appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = a violation ( section #gcdc or #gcdd =-- 7#a7 a civil monet>y p5alty 9 an am\nt n to exce$ #e1jjj m ?an ! retail value ( ! =eign paym5t2 & 7#b7 su* injunctive relief z may be appropriate4 7b7 ,crim9al p5alty ,:oev]1 be+ a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial1 kn[+ly violates section #gcdc or #gcdd %all be imprison$ = n m ?an "o ye>1 f9$ 9 ! am\nt ( #ej1jjj or ! total value ( ! =eign paym5ts accept$1 :i*ev] is great]1 or bo?4 7c7 ,=feiture ,any paym5t receiv$1 accept$1 or reta9$ 9 violation ( section #gcdc or #gcdd %all be seiz$ & =feit$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 accordance ) *apt] #df ( title #ah4 7d7 ,actions by ,private ,p]sons ,a p]son may br+ a civil action = a violation ( section #gcdc or #gcdd = ! p]son & = ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t 9 ! same mann] z an action "u section #cgcj7;b7 ( title #ca1 except t-- 7#a7 any ext5sion ( "t "u section #cgcj7;b77#c7 ( title #ca %all n exce$ #abj days2 7#b7 section #cgcj7;e77#b7 ( title #ca %all n apply2 & 7#c7 section #cgcj7;e77#d7 ( title #ca %all n apply ) reg>d to a civil action br\ght aga9/ ! ,presid5t1 ! ,vice ,presid5t1 or ! ,attorney ,g5]al4 7e7 ,safe h>bor ,! p5alties "u ?is section %all n apply ) respect to a =eign paym5t made to a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial if ! (ficial-- 7#a7 did n solicit ! paym5t2 & 7#b7 n lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] becom+ aw>e ( ! receipt ( su* a paym5t1 & 9 no case lat] ?an #ij days aft] its receipt-- 7,a7 notifies ! ,director 7or1 9 ! case ( a ,memb] ( ,congress1 ! ,select ,committee on ,e?ics ( ! ,s5ate or ! ,committee on ,e?ics ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 z ! case may be7 ( ! paym5t2 & 7,b7 returns ! paym5t 9 full to ! entity t made ! paym5t or remits su* paym5t to ! ,treasury4 4 7b7 ,designation by ,,oge ,n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics %all publi%1 on ! ,(fice's public website1 an initial li/ ( any individual designat$ by ! ,director "u section #gcdc7;c77#d77;,e7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7z add$ by subsection 7a7 ( ?is ,act74 ,! ,director %all update su* li/ z appropriate4 7c7 ,cl]ical ,! table ( sections = sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt] #gc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ aft] ! item relat+ to section #gcdb ! foll[+3 #gcdc4 ,prohibit+ s5ior ,f$]al (ficials f accept+ =eign paym5ts4 #gcdd4 ,congressional review ( =eign paym5ts4 #gcde4 ,p5alties4 4 #fbf4 ,disclosures conc]n+ =eign & dome/ic emolum5ts 7a7 ,disclosures ,section #acajd7;a7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#i7 ,=eign emolum5ts ,any pres5t1 emolum5t1 (fice1 or title receiv$ f a gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry 7z def9$ 9 section #a7;e7 ( ! ,=eign ,ag5ts ,regi/ration ,act ( #aich1 z am5d$ 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa7;e7771 includ+ ! s\rce1 date1 type1 & am\nt or value ( ea* pres5t or emolum5t accept$ on or be=e ! date ( fil+ dur+ ! prec$+ cal5d> ye>4 7#aj7 ,bus9ess int]e/s receiv+ =eign emolum5ts ,ea* bus9ess int]e/ t is reasonably expect$ to result 9 ! receipt ( any pres5t or emolum5t f a gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry 7z def9$ 9 section #a7;e7 ( ! ,=eign ,ag5ts ,regi/ration ,act ( #aich1 z am5d$ 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa7;e777 dur+ ! curr5t cal5d> ye>4 7#aa7 ,emolum5ts f ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,9 ! case ( ! ,presid5t1 any emolum5t receiv$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or a ,/ate1 o!r ?an ! comp5sation = s]vices ( ! ,presid5t z ,presid5t provid$ = by ,f$]al law1 includ+ ! s\rce1 date1 type1 & am\nt or value ( ea* emolum5t accept$ on or be=e ! date ( fil+ dur+ ! prec$+ cal5d> ye>4 7#ab7 ,bus9ess int]e/s receiv+ emolum5ts f ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ea* bus9ess int]e/ t is reasonably expect$ to result 9 ! receipt ( any emolum5t f ! ,unit$ ,/ates or a ,/ate dur+ ! curr5t cal5d> ye>4 4 7b7 ,report+ requirem5ts relat+ to sp\ses & dep5d5t *ildr5 ,section #acajd7;e77#a7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by ins]t+ & p>agraphs 7#i7 ?r\gh 7#ae7 aft] 7#e72 & 7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] subp>agraph 7,f7 ! foll[+3 7,g7 ,=eign emolum5ts ,9 ! case ( items describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#i7 & 7#aj7 ( subsection 7a71 all in=mation requir$ to be report$ "u ^? p>agraphs4 7,h7 ,emolum5ts f ,unit$ ,/ates ,9 ! case (-- 7i7 items describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#aa77;,a7 ( subsection 7a71 any su* items receiv$ by sp\se or dep5d5t *ild ( ! ,presid5t o!r ?an items relat$ to ! s]vices ( ! ,presid5t z ,presid5t provid$ = by ,f$]al law2 & 7ii7 items describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#aa77;,b7 ( subsection 7a71 all in=mation requir$ to be report$ "u t p>agraph4 4 7c7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ! am5dm5ts made by ?is section %all be con/ru$ to affect ! prohibition aga9/ ! acceptance ( pres5ts & emolum5ts "u section #acjc4 #fbg4 ,en=cem5t au?ority = ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics & f9ancial disclosures 7a7 ,en=cem5t 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #acabb7;a7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by /rik+ ,! ,director & ins]t+ 7#a7 ,9 g5]al4--,! ,director2 & 7,b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#b7 ,=eign paym5ts 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,director %all provide ov]all direction ( executive bran* policies relat$ to compliance ) sections #gcdc ?r\gh #gcde1 & %all h au?ority to-- 7i7 ord] individuals to take corrective action2 & 7ii7 pursuant to section #gcde1 require disgorgem5t & dive/iture ( any =eign paym5t receiv$1 accept$1 or reta9$ by a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial )\t ! cons5t ( ,congress to ensure compliance by a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial ) p>agraphs 7#af7 & 7#ag7 ( subsection 7b7 & 7#ag71 & ) p>agraphs 7#i7 ?r\gh 7#ae7 ( section #acajd7;a74 7,b7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is p>agraph & = purposes ( subsection 7b77#af71 ! t]ms =eign paym5t & s5ior ,f$]al (ficial h ! mean+ giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #gcdc7;c74 7#c7 ,ov]all direction ,! ,director %all-- 7,a7 provide ov]all direction ( executive bran* policies relat$ to compliance ) section #acjc & #acjd ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act & ) p>agraphs 7#i7 ?r\gh 7#ae7 ( section #acajd7;a72 & 7,b7 %all h ! au?ority1 ) respect to section #acjc & #acjd ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act & ) p>agraphs 7#i7 ?r\gh 7#ae7 ( section #acajd7;a71 to-- 7i7 issue adm9i/rative f9es to individuals = violations2 7ii7 ord] individuals to take corrective action1 includ+ disgorgem5t1 dive/iture1 & recusal1 z ! ,director deems necess>y2 & 7iii7 br+ civil actions to en=ce su* f9es & ord]s4 4 7#b7 ,specific au?ority ,section #acabb7;b7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#ad71 by /rik+ & at ! end2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#ae71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ a semicolon2 & 7,c7 by add+ aft] p>agraph 7#ae7 ! foll[+3 7#af7 develop+ & promulgat+ rules & regulations to ensure compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( sections #gcdc ?r\gh #gcde1 includ+ e/abli%+-- 7,a7 a process = mak+ requir$ reports & notifications to ,congress2 7,b7 a process = ensur+ ! surr5d] or requir+ ! disgorgem5t & dive/iture ( a =eign paym5t :5 ,congress does n cons5t to ret5tion ( ! =eign paym5t2 7,c7 a process = notify+ ,congress ( non-compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( section #gcdc & #gcdd or ) any disapproval ( ret5tion ( any =eign paym5t by a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial2 & 7,d7 su* o!r matt]s z are necess>y to ensure compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( section #gcdc & #gcdd2 & 7#ag7 develop+ & promulgat+ rules & regulations to ensure compliance ) section #acjc & #acjd ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act & ) p>agraphs 7#i7 ?r\gh 7#ae7 ( section #acajd7;a71 includ+ e/abli%+-- 7,a7 requirem5ts = report+ & disclosure2 7,b7 a s*$ule ( adm9i/rative f9es t may be impos$ by ! ,director = violations2 & 7,c7 a process = ref]ral ( matt]s to ! ,(fice ( ,special ,c\nsel = inve/igation 9 compliance ) section #abaf7;d74 4 7b7 ,disclosures ,section #acajd7;a7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by ?is ,act1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#ac7 ,=eign paym5ts ,any =eign paym5t receiv$ by a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial on or be=e ! date ( fil+ dur+ ! prec$+ cal5d> ye>1 includ+ ! s\rce1 date1 type1 am\nt or value1 date ( surr5d]1 or ! date ( adoption by ,congress ( a concurr5t resolution approv+ ! ret5tion ( ! =eign paym5t "u section #gcdd4 ,9 ?is p>agraph1 ! t]ms =eign paym5t & s5ior ,f$]al (ficial h ! mean+ giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #gcdc7;c74 7#ad7 ,paym5ts to bus9ess int]e/ ,ea* bus9ess int]e/ ( a s5ior ,f$]al (ficial t is reasonably expect$ to result 9 ! receipt ( any =eign paym5t dur+ ! curr5t cal5d> ye>4 ,9 ?is p>agraph1 ! t]ms =eign paym5t & s5ior ,f$]al (ficial h ! mean+ giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #gcdc7;c74 4 #fbh4 ,jurisdiction ( ! ,(fice ( ,special ,c\nsel ,section #abaf ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#d71 by /rik+ & at ! end2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#e7 by /rik+ ! p]iod & ins]t+ 2 &2 & 7,c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#f7 any violation (-- 7,a7 section #acjc ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act2 7,b7 p>agraphs 7#i7 ?r\gh 7#ae7 ( section #acajd7;a72 or 7,c7 subp>agraph 7,g7 & 7,h7 ( section #acajd7;e77#a74 2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7d7 ,if ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics ref]s a matt] = inve/igation pursuant to section #acabb1 or if ! ,special ,c\nsel receives a cr$ible compla9t ( a violation describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#f7 ( ?is section1 ! ,special ,c\nsel %all complete an inve/igation n lat] ?an #abj days !reaft]4 ,if ! ,special ,c\nsel inve/igates any violation pursuant to subsection 7a77#f71 ! ,special ,c\nsel %all1 n lat] ?an #g days aft] ! completion ( su* inve/igation1 report to ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics & to ,congress on ! results ( su* inve/igation4 4 #fbi4 ,rulemak+ = e?ics requirem5ts = legal exp5se funds 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics %all f9alize a rule e/abli%+ e?ics requirem5ts = ! e/abli%m5t or op]ation ( a legal exp5se fund = ! b5efit ( ! ,presid5t1 ! ,vice ,presid5t1 or any political appo9tee 7z def9$ 9 section #abaf7;f77#f7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$ by section #bfba7;a7 ( ?is ,act71 consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7b74 7b7 ,limitations on acceptance ( c]ta9 paym5ts 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,a legal exp5se fund describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 may n accept any contribution or o!r paym5t made by-- 7,a7 an individual :o is a regi/]$ lobbyi/ "u ! ,lobby+ ,disclosure ,act ( #aiie 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq472 or 7,b7 an ag5t ( a =eign pr9cipal1 z def9$ 9 section #a ( ! ,=eign ,ag5ts ,regi/ration ,act ( #aich1 z am5d$ 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa74 7#b7 ,appropriate rem$ial action ,9 ! case ( a contribution describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 ! legal exp5se fund %all take appropriate rem$ial action2 & 7,b7 ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics may assess a f9e aga9/ ! individual or ag5t ( a =eign pr9cipal1 z def9$ 9 section #a ( ! ,=eign ,ag5ts ,regi/ration ,act ( #aich1 z am5d$ 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa71 :o made1 or attempt$ to make1 ! contribution or o!r paym5t4 #fcj4 ,limitations & disclosure ( c]ta9 donations to1 & disbursem5ts by1 inaugural committees 7a7 ,requirem5ts = inaugural committees ,title ,,iii ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja et seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new section3 #cbe4 ,inaugural committees 7a7 ,prohibit$ donations 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,x %all be unlawful =-- 7,a7 an ,inaugural ,committee-- 7i7 to solicit1 accept1 or receive a donation f a p]son t is n an individual2 or 7ii7 to solicit1 accept1 or receive a donation f a =eign national2 7,b7 a p]son-- 7i7 to make a donation to an ,inaugural ,committee 9 ! "n ( ano!r p]son1 or to kn[+ly au?orize 8 or h] "n to be us$ to effect su* a donation2 7ii7 to kn[+ly accept a donation to an ,inaugural ,committee made by a p]son 9 ! "n ( ano!r p]son2 or 7iii7 to conv]t a donation to an ,inaugural ,committee to p]sonal use z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b72 or 7,c7 a =eign national to1 directly or indirectly1 make a donation1 or make an express or impli$ promise to make a donation1 to an ,inaugural ,committee4 7#b7 ,conv]sion ( donation to p]sonal use ,= purposes ( p>agraph 7#a77;,b77iii71 a donation %all be consid]$ to be conv]t$ to p]sonal use if any "p ( ! donat$ am\nt is us$-- 7,a7 to fulfill a commitm5t1 obligation1 or exp5se ( a p]son t w\ld exi/ irrespective ( ! responsibilities ( ! ,inaugural ,committee2 or 7,b7 to b5efit ! p]sonal bus9ess v5ture ( ! ,presid5t or ,vice ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,inaugural ,committee1 or an imm$iate family memb] ( su* individuals4 7#c7 ,no effect on disbursem5t ( unus$ funds to nonpr(it organizations ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection may be con/ru$ to prohibit an ,inaugural ,committee f disburs+ unus$ funds to an organization :i* is describ$ 9 section #eja7;c77#c7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf & is exempt f taxation "u section #eja7;a7 ( su* ,code4 7b7 ,limitation on donations 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,x %all be unlawful = an individual to make donations to an ,inaugural ,committee :i*1 9 ! aggregate1 exce$ #ej1jjj4 7#b7 ,index+ ,at ! beg9n+ ( ea* ,presid5tial election ye> 7beg9n+ ) #bjbh71 ! am\nt describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 %all be increas$ by ! cumulative p]c5t diff]5ce det]m9$ 9 section #cae7;c77#a77;,a7 s9ce ! previ\s ,presid5tial election ye>4 ,if any am\nt aft] su* increase is n a multiple ( #a1jjj1 su* am\nt %all be r\nd$ to ! ne>e/ multiple ( #a1jjj4 7c7 ,disclosure ( c]ta9 donations & disbursem5ts 7#a7 ,donations ov] #a1jjj 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an ,inaugural ,committee %all file ) ! ,commission a report disclos+ any donation by an individual to ! committee 9 an am\nt ( #a1jjj or m n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] ! receipt ( su* donation4 7,b7 ,cont5ts ( report ,a report fil$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all conta9-- 7i7 ! am\nt ( ! donation2 7ii7 ! date ! donation is receiv$2 & 7iii7 ! "n & address ( ! individual mak+ ! donation4 7#b7 ,f9al report ,n lat] ?an ! date t is #ij days aft] ! date ( ! ,presid5tial inaugural c]emony1 ! ,inaugural ,committee %all file ) ! ,commission a report conta9+ ! foll[+ in=mation3 7,a7 ,= ea* donation ( money or any?+ ( value made to ! committee 9 an aggregate am\nt equal to or great] ?an #bjj-- 7i7 ! am\nt ( ! donation2 7ii7 ! date ! donation is receiv$2 & 7iii7 ! "n & address ( ! individual mak+ ! donation4 7,b7 ,! total am\nt ( all disbursem5ts1 & all disbursem5ts 9 ! foll[+ categories3 7i7 ,disbursem5ts made to meet committee op]at+ exp5ses4 7ii7 ,repaym5t ( all loans4 7iii7 ,donation refunds & o!r (fsets to donations4 7iv7 ,any o!r disbursem5ts4 7,c7 ,! "n & address ( ea* p]son-- 7i7 to :om a disbursem5t 9 an aggregate am\nt or value 9 excess ( #bjj is made by ! committee to meet a committee op]at+ exp5se1 toge!r ) date1 am\nt1 & purpose ( su* op]at+ exp5se2 7ii7 :o receives a loan repaym5t f ! committee1 toge!r ) ! date & am\nt ( su* loan repaym5t2 7iii7 :o receives a donation refund or o!r (fset to donations f ! committee1 toge!r ) ! date & am\nt ( su* disbursem5t2 & 7iv7 to :om any o!r disbursem5t 9 an aggregate am\nt or value 9 excess ( #bjj is made by ! committee1 toge!r ) ! date & am\nt ( su* disbursem5t4 7d7 ,def9itions ,= purposes ( ?is section3 7#a7 ,donation 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m donation includes-- 7i7 any gift1 subscription1 loan1 advance1 or deposit ( money or any?+ ( value made by any p]son to ! committee2 or 7ii7 ! paym5t by any p]son ( comp5sation = ! p]sonal s]vices ( ano!r p]son :i* are r5d]$ to ! committee )\t *>ge = any purpose4 7,b7 ,exception ,! t]m donation does n include ! value ( s]vices provid$ )\t comp5sation by any individual :o volunte]s on behalf ( ! committee4 7#b7 ,=eign national ,! t]m =eign national has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m by section #cai7;b74 7#c7 ,imm$iate family memb] ,! t]m imm$iate family memb] means a p>5t1 p>5t-9-law1 sp\se1 adult *ild1 or sibl+4 7#d7 ,inaugural ,committee ,! t]m ,inaugural ,committee has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m by section #eja ( title #cf1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7e7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section may be con/ru$ to limit ! au?ority ( a ,f$]al ag5cy to en=ce a ,f$]al law ) respect to an ,inaugural ,committee4 4 7b7 ,confirm+ am5dm5ts relat$ to report+ requirem5ts 7#a7 ,section #cjd ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjajd7 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by /rik+ subsection 7h72 & 7,b7 by r$esignat+ subsection 7i7 z subsection 7h74 7#b7 ,section #cji7;a77#d77;,c77iv77,i7 is am5d$ by /rik+ or 7i7 & ins]t+ or 7h74 7#c7 ,section #cac7;c77#d7 is am5d$ by /rik+ section #cjd7;i77#h77;,b7 & ins]t+ section #cjd7;h77#h77;,b74 7c7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t relat$ to /atus ( committee ,section #eaj ( title #cf1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #eaj4 ,disclosure ( & prohibition on c]ta9 donations ,a committee %all n be consid]$ to be ! ,inaugural ,committee = purposes ( ?is *apt] unless ! committee agrees to1 & meets1 ! requirem5ts ( section #cbe ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga4 4 7d7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is section %all apply ) respect to ,inaugural ,committees e/abli%$ "u *apt] #e ( title #cf1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 = inaugurations held 9 #bjbi & any succe$+ ye>4 #fca4 ,prohibition on paym5ts to ! ,presid5t ( ,f$]al or ,/ate gov]nm5t funds ,section #ajb ( title #c1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ ,! ,presid5t & ins]t+ 7a7 ,9 g5]al4--,! ,presid5t2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7b7 ,limitations 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,except = ! am\nts provid$ by subsection 7a71 & except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is subsection & section #acad ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act-- 7,a7 ! ,presid5t may n accept any paym5t1 includ+ any paym5t to any ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 f any ,f$]al or ,/ate funds2 & 7,b7 no individual may cause an ag5cy1 dep>tm5t1 or o!r in/rum5tality ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t to make su* a paym5t4 7#b7 ,application ,except = paym5ts made to ! ,presid5t or a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all be con/ru$ to limit ! total am\nt ( funds a ,gov]nm5t entity may obligate or exp5d to assi/ 9 defray+ exp5ses relat+ to or result+ f ! dis*>ge ( ! ,presid5t's (ficial duties1 includ+ exp5ses = ! security necess>y = ! ,presid5t to dis*>ge su* duties1 consi/5t ) applicable levels ( appropriations made available = su* exp5ses & ! requirem5ts ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act4 7#c7 ,un(ficial act ,! acceptance by ! ,presid5t ( a paym5t prohibit$ by ?is subsection is n an (ficial act4 7#d7 ,disgorgem5t 7,a7 ,notice 7i7 ,f$]al ag5cies ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date on :i* a ,f$]al ag5cy1 dep>tm5t1 or o!r in/rum5tality ( ! ,gov]nm5t makes a paym5t t is prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! head ( su* ,f$]al ag5cy1 dep>tm5t1 or o!r in/rum5tality %all submit a notice ( su* paym5t to ! ,presid5t1 ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate4 7ii7 ,! ,presid5t 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an ! e>li] ( #cj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t le>ns ( ! receipt ( a paym5t prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 or sev5 days aft] receiv+ notice "u clause 7i71 ! ,presid5t %all submit a notice ( su* paym5t to ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate4 7,,ii7 ,cont5ts ,a notice submitt$ "u subclause 7,i7 ) respect to a paym5t prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all include-- 7aa7 ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t receiv$ su* paym5t & ! value ( su* paym5t2 7bb7 ! s\rce ( su* paym5t2 & 7cc7 if ! ,presid5t receiv$ ! paym5t ?r\gh a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 ! "n ( ea* ,presid5tially-own$ entity ?r\gh :i* ! ,presid5t receiv$ su* paym5t4 7,b7 ,return ( prohibit$ ,/ate & ,f$]al paym5ts ,n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t le>ns ( ! receipt ( a paym5t prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,presid5t %all-- 7i7 9 ! case ( a paym5t f a ,/ate gov]nm5t or subdivision !re( t is prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 return su* paym5t to ! ,/ate or subdivision2 & 7ii7 9 ! case ( a paym5t f ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t t is prohibit$ "u su* p>agraph1 transf] or return su* paym5t to ! ,treasury4 7,c7 ,c]tification ( return 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t makes a return paym5t to ! ,treasury "u subp>agraph 7,b71 ! ,presid5t & ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all ea* submit to ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate a sworn c]tification ( su* return paym5t to ! ,treasury4 7ii7 ,cont5ts ,a c]tification submitt$ "u clause 7i7 = a return paym5t ) respect to a paym5t prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all include-- 7,i7 ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t receiv$ su* prohibit$ paym5t & ! value ( su* prohibit$ paym5t2 7,,ii7 ! s\rce ( su* prohibit$ paym5t2 7,,iii7 ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t made su* return paym5t2 7,,iv7 ! value ( su* return paym5t2 7,v7 ea* s\rce ( su* return paym5t2 & 7,,vi7 if ! ,presid5t receiv$ su* prohibit$ paym5t ?r\gh a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 ! "n ( ea* ,presid5tially-own$ entity ?r\gh :i* ! ,presid5t receiv$ su* prohibit$ paym5t4 7#e7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is subsection-- 7,a7 ! t]ms ,presid5tially-own$ entity & paym5t h ! mean+ giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #acjb ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act2 & 7,b7 ! t]m return paym5t means a paym5t con/itut+ ! transf] or return paym5t prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 4 #fcb4 ,prohibition on paym5ts to ! ,presid5t f individuals receiv+ gov]nm5t positions or grants ( clem5cy f ! ,presid5t 7a7 ,prohibition on paym5ts 7#a7 ,paym5ts made 7,a7 ,cov]$ (ficials ,a cov]$ (ficial may n kn[+ly make or cause to be made a paym5t to ! ,presid5t1 includ+ any paym5t to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity4 7,b7 ,individuals grant$ clem5cy ,an individual grant$ clem5cy 7includ+ a p>don7 by ! ,presid5t may n kn[+ly make or cause to be made a paym5t to ! ,presid5t1 includ+ any paym5t to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 dur+ any p]iod t ! ,presid5t t grant$ su* clem5cy to su* individual is ! ,presid5t4 7#b7 ,paym5ts receiv$ ,! ,presid5t may n accept any paym5t t is unlawful to make or cause to be made "u p>agraph 7#a74 7#c7 ,de m9imis paym5ts ,p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#b7 %all n apply ) respect to a paym5t t is less ?an or equal to #ej4 7#d7 ,un(ficial act ,! acceptance by ! ,presid5t ( a paym5t prohibit$ by ?is section is n an (ficial act4 7b7 ,requir$ disclosures to ,congress 7#a7 ,advice & cons5t positions ,on ! date t ! ,presid5t transmits to ! ,s5ate ! nom9ation ( an individual to a position ! appo9tm5t to :i* requires ! advice & cons5t ( ! ,s5ate1 ! ,presid5t %all submit ) su* transmittal a report1 to ! applicable committee ( ! ,s5ate t w consid] ! nom9ation1 li/+ any paym5t made by su* individual to ! ,presid5t1 includ+ any paym5t to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t became a c&idate 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #cja ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja77 = ! (fice ( ! ,presid5t & end+ on ! date ( su* transmittal4 7#b7 ,o!r positions ,on ! date any individual is appo9t$ to a position describ$ 9 section #acjb7g77;,b71 ! ,presid5t %all submit1 to ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate1 a report li/+ any paym5t made by su* individual to ! ,presid5t1 includ+ any paym5t to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t became a c&idate 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #cja ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja77 = ! (fice ( ! ,presid5t & end+ on ! date ( ! submission ( su* report4 7#c7 ,clem5cy ,on ! date ! ,presid5t issues clem5cy1 includ+ a p>don1 to any individual1 ! ,presid5t %all submit1 to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,s5ate1 &7#a7 ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate1 a report li/+ any paym5t made by su* individual to ! ,presid5t1 includ+ any paym5t to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t became a c&idate 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #cja ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja77 = ! (fice ( ! ,presid5t & end+ on ! date ( ! submission ( su* report4 7c7 ,return ( funds 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! date ( ! transmittal ( a report "u p>agraph 7#a71 7#b71 or 7#c7 ( subsection 7b71 any paym5t li/$ 9 any su* report %all be transf]r$ or return$ to ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury4 7#b7 ,report ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date any paym5t has be5 deposit$ 9 ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury pursuant to p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,presid5t %all submit a report1 to ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate1 li/+ ! "n ( ! individual :o made su* paym5t or caus$ su* paym5t to be made4 7d7 ,f9ancial disclosures ,section #acajd ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a71 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3 7#ae7 ,paym5ts to ,presid5t 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,any paym5t1 includ+ any paym5ts to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 receiv$ by ! ,presid5t dur+ a cal5d> ye> f any cov]$ (ficial1 or f any individual grant$ clem5cy 7includ+ a p>don7 by ! ,presid5t1 includ+ ! s\rce1 date1 type1 am\nt or value ( ! paym5t1 &1 if accept$ ?r\gh a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 ! "n ( ! bus9ess ?r\gh :i* x 0 accept$4 7,b7 ,application ,! disclosure requir$ "u ?is p>agraph %all only apply to reports fil$ pursuant to section #acajc7;d7 & 7e7 by ! ,presid5t4 7,c7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is p>agraph1 t]ms ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 cov]$ (ficial1 & paym5t h ! mean+ giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #acjb ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act4 2 & 7#b7 9 subsection 7b7-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+ p>agraph 7#b7 z p>agraph 7#c72 & 7,b7 by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#a7 ! foll[+3 7#b7 ,new appo9tee paym5ts to ! ,presid5t 7,a7 ,new appo9tees ,) respect to any report fil$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 pursuant to subsections 7a7 or 7b7 ( section #acajc by an individual nom9at$ or appo9t$ 7z ! case may be7 by ! ,presid5t to be a cov]$ (ficial1 su* report %all include-- 7i7 any paym5t made by ! individual to ! ,presid5t1 includ+ a paym5t to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t became a c&idate 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #cja ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja77 = ! (fice ( ! ,presid5t be=e be+ elect$ z ,presid5t & end+ on ! date on :i* su* individual files su* report2 7ii7 ! date ( nom9ation or appo9tm5t2 7iii7 ! date1 type1 & am\nt or value ( ! paym5t2 & 7iv7 = any paym5t made to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 ! "n ( ! entity to :i* ! paym5t 0 made4 7,b7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is p>agraph1 t]ms cov]$ (ficial1 ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 & paym5t h ! mean+ giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #acjb ( ! ,=eign & ,dome/ic ,emolum5ts ,en=cem5t ,act4 4 #fcc4 ,p5alties 7a7 ,attorney ,g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may br+ a civil action aga9/ any p]son 9 an appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = receiv+1 accept+1 mak+1 or caus+ to be made a paym5t 9 violation ( section #acac7;a7 or section #ajb7;b7 ( title #c1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$ by section #acab ( ?is ,act1 =-- 7#a7 a civil monet>y p5alty 9 an am\nt n to exce$ #e1jjj m ?an ! value ( su* paym5t2 & 7#b7 su* injunctive relief z may be appropriate4 7b7 ,private action ,a p]son may br+ a civil action = a violation ( subsections 7a7 & 7c7 ( section #acac or section #ajb7;b7 ( title #c1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$ by section #acab ( ?is ,act1 = ! p]son & = ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t 9 ! same mann] z an action "u subsection 7b7 ( section #cgcj ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 except t-- 7#a7 any ext5sion ( "t "u p>agraph 7#c7 ( su* subsection %all n exce$ #abj days2 & 7#b7 subsection 7e7 ( su* section1 o!r ?an p>agraph 7#c7 ( su* subsection1 %all n apply4 7c7 ,/atute ( limitation toll$ ,any /atute ( limitations applicable to an action = a paym5t 9 violation ( section #acac7;a7 or section #ajb7;b7 ( title #c1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$ by section #acab ( ?is ,act1 %all be toll$ = ea* p]iod ( "t dur+ :i*-- 7#a7 9 ! case ( a paym5t to an individual hold+ ! (fice ( ,presid5t1 su* individual holds ! (fice ( ,presid5t2 or 7#b7 9 ! case ( a paym5t to a ,presid5tially-own$ entity1 ! individual hold+ ! (fice ( ,presid5t at ! "t ( su* paym5t holds ! (fice ( ! ,presid5t4 #fcd4 ,exceptions ,?is subtitle1 & ! provisions ( section #eaj ( title #cf1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 section #cbe ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga1 & section #gcdc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 d n apply 9 ! case ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,paym5t ( comp5sation ( ! ,presid5t "u section #ajb ( title #c1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#b7 ,any o!r paym5t d]iv$ f ,f$]al or ,/ate funds1 or f any cov]$ (ficial1 t is requir$ "u ,f$]al or ,/ate law1 includ+ ,gov]nm5t contributions = heal? c>e1 p5sion paym5ts1 or any o!r au?oriz$ b5efit4 7#c7 ,any paym5t f ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t or a ,/ate to ! ,presid5t or a ,presid5tially-own$ entity "u a program t is available to ! public & :i* is made )\t reg>d to ! own]%ip ( su* entity by an individual hold+ ! (fice ( ! ,presid5t4 #fce4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is subtitle or am5dm5t made by ?is subtitle1 or ! application ( a provision or am5dm5t to any p]son or circum/ance1 is held to be uncon/itutional1 ! rema9d] ( ?is subtitle & am5dm5ts made by ?is subtitle1 & ! application ( ! provisions & am5dm5t to any p]son or circum/ance1 %all n be affect$ by ! hold+4 ,d ,inve/igative ,integrity ,protection #fda4 ,%ort title ,?is subtitle may be cit$ z ! ,inve/igative ,integrity ,protection ,act4 #fdb4 ,presid5tial ov]sight ( ,attorney ,g5]al 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,*apt] #ca ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #ecj;,e4 ,presid5tial ov]sight ( ,attorney ,g5]al 7a7 ,c]tification ,9 ! case ( any crim9al prosecution aga9/ ! ,presid5t or a ,presid5t-elect1 irrespective ( :5 ! prosecution 0 initiat$1 if ! ,gov]nm5t seeks dismissal ( su* prosecution1 ! c\rt %all require ! ,attorney ,g5]al to submit a sworn /atem5t "u p5alty ( p]jury atte/+ z to :e!r ! dismissal 0 ord]$ by ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable1 or anyone act+ pursuant to ! direction ( ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable4 7b7 ,consid]ations 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! c\rt %all only grant dismissal "u ?is section if ! c\rt det]m9es su* dismissal is appropriate & 9 ! int]e/ ( ju/ice aft] hav+ duly consid]$-- 7,a7 ! circum/ances ( ! case2 7,b7 ! sworn /atem5t requir$ by subsection 7a72 7,c7 any evid5ce 9 ! record or ex curia1 :i* %all be reflect$ 9 ! ord] ( ! c\rt1 to support an inf]5ce t ! decision to seek dismissal ( ! prosecution is motivat$ by bad fai? or is a pretext to enable ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable1 to act outside ( ! legal & con/itutional au?ority ( ! ,presid5cy2 & 7,d7 any o!r factor ! c\rt det]m9es is appropriate4 7#b7 ,evid5ti>y consid]ations ,evid5ce consid]$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,c7 may include-- 7,a7 :e!r ! dismissal 0 sugge/$1 enc\rag$1 reque/$1 or ord]$ by ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable2 or 7,b7 :e!r ! ,attorney ,g5]al 01 9 ! op9ion ( ! c\rt1 appo9t$ 9 :ole or 9 "p = ! will+ness ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al to dismiss ! prosecution or any o!r crim9al prosecution aga9/ ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable4 7c7 ,?ree-,judge c\rt ,any action seek+ dismissal "u ?is section %all be he>d by a ?ree-judge c\rt conv5$ pursuant to section #bbhd4 7d7 ,sanctions ,if ! c\rt1 9 mak+ a det]m9ation "u subsection 7b71 additionally det]m9es t ! motion to dismiss 0 made )\t good cause1 ! c\rt may impose sanctions z appropriate4 7e7 ,inspector ,g5]al responsibilities ,! ,inspector ,g5]al ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1 ^u hav+ a good-fai? basis to conclude t a motion to dismiss a prosecution aga9/ ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable1 0 br\ght at ! direction ( ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable1 or anyone act+ pursuant to ! direction ( ! ,presid5t or ,presid5t-elect1 z applicable1 %all imm$iately report su* f9d+s to ,congress4 7f7 ,pres]vation & submission ( mat]ials ,if a c\rt grants a dismissal "u ?is section1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all-- 7#a7 pres]ve any mat]ials obta9$ or prep>$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice until ! date on :i* ! applicable limitations p]iod expires2 & 7#b7 submit to ! ,inspector ,g5]al ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice & to ,congress ! mat]ials describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a74 4 7b7 ,te*nical & con=m+ am5dm5t ,! table ( sections = *apt] #ca ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #ecj;,e4 ,presid5tial ov]sight ( ,attorney ,g5]al4 4 ,,vii ,con/itutional ,am5dm5t to ,ov]turn ,citiz5s ,unit$ #gja4 ,con/itutional am5dm5t to ov]turn ,citiz5s ,unit$ ,! foll[+ article is propos$ z an am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* %all be valid to all int5ts & purposes z "p ( ! ,con/itution :5 ratifi$ by ! legislatures ( ?ree-f\r?s ( ! sev]al ,/ates )9 sev5 ye>s aft] ! date ( its submission = ratification3 -- #a4 ,congress & ! ,/ates may regulate & impose reasonable viewpo9t-neutral limitations on ! rais+ & sp5d+ ( money by c&idates & o!rs to influ5ce elections4 #b4 ,congress & ! ,/ates may regulate & enact sy/ems ( public campaign f9anc+1 includ+ ^? design$ to re/rict ! influ5ce ( private weal? by (fsett+ ! rais+ & sp5d+ ( money by c&idates & o!rs to influ5ce elections ) increas$ public fund+4 #c4 ,congress & ! ,/ates %all h p[] to implem5t & en=ce ?is article by appropriate legislation1 & may di/+ui% betwe5 natural p]sons & corporations or o!r artificial entities creat$ by law1 includ+ by prohibit+ su* entities f sp5d+ money to influ5ce elections4 #d4 ,no?+ 9 ?is article %all be con/ru$ to grant ,congress or ! ,/ates ! p[] to abridge ! fre$om ( ! press4 4 ,,viii ,report+ ( ,campaign-,relat$ ,disbursem5ts #hja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,title ,,ii ( ! ,,disclose ,act4 #hjb4 ,report+ ( campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #cbd ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjabf7 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #cbd4 ,disclosure ( campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts by cov]$ organizations 7a7 ,disclosure /atem5t 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any cov]$ organization t makes campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts aggregat+ m ?an #aj1jjj 9 an election report+ cycle %all1 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] ea* disclosure date1 file a /atem5t ) ! ,commission made "u p5alty ( p]jury t conta9s ! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( ! fir/ /atem5t fil$ "u ?is subsection1 = ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! fir/ day ( ! election report+ cycle 7or1 if e>li]1 ! p]iod beg9n+ "o ye> be=e ! fir/ su* disclosure date7 & end+ on ! fir/ su* disclosure date2 & 7,b7 9 ! case ( any subsequ5t /atem5t fil$ "u ?is subsection1 = ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! previ\s disclosure date & end+ on su* disclosure date4 7#b7 ,in=mation describ$ ,! in=mation describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph is z foll[s3 7,a7 ,! "n ( ! cov]$ organization & ! pr9cipal place ( bus9ess ( su* organization &1 9 ! case ( a cov]$ organization t is a corporation 7o!r ?an a bus9ess conc]n t is an issu] ( a class ( securities regi/]$ "u section #ab ( ! ,securities ,ex*ange ,act ( #aicd 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #ghl7 or t is requir$ to file reports "u section #ae7;d7 ( t ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #gho7d777 or an entity describ$ 9 subsection 7e77#b71 a li/ ( ! b5eficial own]s 7z def9$ 9 p>agraph 7#d77;,a77 ( ! entity t-- 7i7 id5tifies ea* b5eficial own] by "n & curr5t resid5tial or bus9ess /reet address2 & 7ii7 if any b5eficial own] ex]cises control ov] ! entity ?r\gh ano!r legal entity1 su* z a corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability company1 or tru/1 id5tifies ea* su* o!r legal entity & ea* su* b5eficial own] :o w use t o!r entity to ex]cise control ov] ! entity4 7,b7 ,! am\nt ( ea* campaign-relat$ disbursem5t made by su* organization dur+ ! p]iod cov]$ by ! /atem5t ( m ?an #a1jjj1 & ! "n & address ( ! p]son to :om ! disbursem5t 0 made4 7,c7 ,9 ! case ( a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t t is n a cov]$ transf]1 ! election to :i* ! campaign-relat$ disbursem5t p]ta9s & if ! disbursem5t is made = a public communication1 ! "n ( any c&idate id5tifi$ 9 su* communication & if su* communication is 9 support ( or 9 opposition to ! id5tifi$ c&idate4 7,d7 ,a c]tification by ! *ief executive (fic] or p]son :o is ! head ( ! cov]$ organization t ! campaign-relat$ disbursem5t is n made 9 coop]ation1 consultation1 or conc]t ) or at ! reque/ or sugge/ion ( a c&idate1 au?oriz$ committee1 or ag5t ( a c&idate1 political p>ty1 or ag5t ( a political p>ty4 7,e7 7i7 ,if ! cov]$ organization makes campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts us+ exclusively funds 9 a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t segregat$ fund1 = ea* paym5t made to ! acc\nt by a p]son o!r ?an ! cov]$ organization-- 7,i7 ! "n & address ( ea* p]son :o made su* paym5t to ! acc\nt dur+ ! p]iod cov]$ by ! /atem5t2 7,,ii7 ! date & am\nt ( su* paym5t2 & 7,,iii7 ! aggregate am\nt ( all su* paym5ts made by ! p]son dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! fir/ day ( ! election report+ cycle 7or1 if e>li]1 ! p]iod beg9n+ "o ye> be=e ! disclosure date7 & end+ on ! disclosure date1 b only if su* paym5t 0 made by a p]son :o made paym5ts to ! acc\nt 9 an aggregate am\nt ( #aj1jjj or m dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! fir/ day ( ! election report+ cycle 7or1 if e>li]1 ! p]iod beg9n+ "o ye> be=e ! disclosure date7 & end+ on ! disclosure date4 7ii7 ,9 any cal5d> ye> aft] #bjbg1 section #cae7;c77#a77;,b7 %all apply to ! am\nt describ$ 9 clause 7i7 9 ! same mann] z su* section applies to ! limitations e/abli%$ "u subsections 7a77#a77;,a71 7a77#a77;,b71 7a77#c71 & 7h7 ( su* section1 except t = purposes ( apply+ su* section to ! am\nts describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 ! base p]iod %all be cal5d> ye> #bjbg4 7,f7 7i7 ,if ! cov]$ organization makes campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts us+ funds o!r ?an funds 9 a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t segregat$ fund1 = ea* paym5t to ! cov]$ organization-- 7,i7 ! "n & address ( ea* p]son :o made su* paym5t dur+ ! p]iod cov]$ by ! /atem5t2 7,,ii7 ! date & am\nt ( su* paym5t2 & 7,,iii7 ! aggregate am\nt ( all su* paym5ts made by ! p]son dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! fir/ day ( ! election report+ cycle 7or1 if e>li]1 ! p]iod beg9n+ "o ye> be=e ! disclosure date7 & end+ on ! disclosure date1 b only if su* paym5t 0 made by a p]son :o made paym5ts to ! cov]$ organization 9 an aggregate am\nt ( #aj1jjj or m dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! fir/ day ( ! election report+ cycle 7or1 if e>li]1 ! p]iod beg9n+ "o ye> be=e ! disclosure date7 & end+ on ! disclosure date4 7ii7 ,9 any cal5d> ye> aft] #bjbg1 section #cae7;c77#a77;,b7 %all apply to ! am\nt describ$ 9 clause 7i7 9 ! same mann] z su* section applies to ! limitations e/abli%$ "u subsections 7a77#a77;,a71 7a77#a77;,b71 7a77#c71 & 7h7 ( su* section1 except t = purposes ( apply+ su* section to ! am\nts describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 ! base p]iod %all be cal5d> ye> #bjbg4 7,g7 ,su* o!r in=mation z requir$ 9 rules e/abli%$ by ! ,commission to promote ! purposes ( ?is section4 7#c7 ,exceptions 7,a7 ,am\nts receiv$ 9 ord9>y c\rse ( bus9ess ,! requirem5t to include 9 a /atem5t fil$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 ! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 %all n apply to am\nts receiv$ by ! cov]$ organization 9 comm]cial transactions 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( any trade or bus9ess conduct$ by ! cov]$ organization or 9 ! =m ( inve/m5ts 7o!r ?an inve/m5ts by ! pr9cipal %>ehold] 9 a limit$ liability corporation7 9 ! cov]$ organization4 ,= purposes ( ?is subp>agraph1 am\nts receiv$ by a cov]$ organization z remittances f an employee to ! employee's collective b>ga9+ repres5tative %all be treat$ z am\nts receiv$ 9 comm]cial transactions 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( ! bus9ess conduct$ by ! cov]$ organization4 7,b7 ,donor re/riction on use ( funds ,! requirem5t to include 9 a /atem5t submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 ! in=mation describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,f7 ( p>agraph 7#b7 %all n apply if-- 7i7 ! p]son describ$ 9 su* subp>agraph prohibit$1 9 writ+1 ! use ( ! paym5t made by su* p]son = campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts2 & 7ii7 ! cov]$ organization agre$ to foll[ ! prohibition & deposit$ ! paym5t 9 an acc\nt :i* is segregat$ f a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t segregat$ fund & any o!r acc\nt us$ to make campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts4 7,c7 ,?reat ( h>assm5t or reprisal ,! requirem5t to include any in=mation relat+ to ! "n or address ( any p]son 7o!r ?an a c&idate7 9 a /atem5t submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all n apply if ! inclusion ( ! in=mation w\ld subject ! p]son to s]i\s ?reats1 h>assm5t1 or reprisals4 7#d7 ,o!r def9itions ,= purposes ( ?is section3 7,a7 ,b5eficial own] def9$ 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 clause 7ii71 ! t]m b5eficial own] means1 ) respect to any entity1 a natural p]son :o1 directly or indirectly-- 7,i7 ex]cises sub/antial control ov] an entity ?r\gh own]%ip1 vot+ rights1 agreem5t1 or o!rwise2 or 7,,ii7 has a sub/antial int]e/ 9 or receives sub/antial economic b5efits f ! assets ( an entity4 7ii7 ,exceptions ,! t]m b5eficial own] %all n include-- 7,i7 a m9or *ild2 7,,ii7 a p]son act+ z a nom9ee1 int]m$i>y1 cu/odian1 or ag5t on behalf ( ano!r p]son2 7,,iii7 a p]son act+ solely z an employee ( an entity & ^: control ov] or economic b5efits f ! entity d]ives solely f ! employm5t /atus ( ! p]son2 7,,iv7 a p]son ^: only int]e/ 9 an entity is ?r\gh a "r ( inh]itance1 unless ! p]son also meets ! requirem5ts ( clause 7i72 or 7,v7 a cr$itor ( an entity1 unless ! cr$itor also meets ! requirem5ts ( clause 7i74 7iii7 ,anti-abuse rule ,! exceptions "u clause 7ii7 %all n apply if us$ = ! purpose ( evad+1 circumv5t+1 or abus+ ! provisions ( clause 7i7 or p>agraph 7#b77;,a74 7,b7 ,campaign-relat$ disbursem5t segregat$ fund ,! t]m campaign-relat$ disbursem5t segregat$ fund means a segregat$ bank acc\nt consi/+ ( funds t 7 paid directly to su* acc\nt by p]sons o!r ?an ! cov]$ organization t controls ! acc\nt4 7,c7 ,disclosure date ,! t]m disclosure date means-- 7i7 ! fir/ date dur+ any election report+ cycle by :i* a p]son has made campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts aggregat+ m ?an #aj1jjj2 & 7ii7 any o!r date dur+ su* election report+ cycle by :i* a p]son has made campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts aggregat+ m ?an #aj1jjj s9ce ! mo/ rec5t disclosure date = su* election report+ cycle4 7,d7 ,election report+ cycle ,! t]m election report+ cycle means ! #b-ye> p]iod beg9n+ on ! date ( ! mo/ rec5t g5]al election = ,f$]al (fice4 7,e7 ,paym5t ,! t]m paym5t includes any contribution1 donation1 transf]1 paym5t ( dues1 or o!r paym5t4 7b7 ,coord9ation ) o!r provisions 7#a7 ,o!r reports fil$ ) ! ,commission ,in=mation includ$ 9 a /atem5t fil$ "u ?is section may be exclud$ f /atem5ts & reports fil$ "u section #cjd4 7#b7 ,treatm5t z sep>ate segregat$ fund ,a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t segregat$ fund may be treat$ z a sep>ate segregat$ fund = purposes ( section #ebg7;f77#c7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf4 7c7 ,fil+ ,/atem5ts requir$ to be fil$ "u subsection 7a7 %all be subject to ! requirem5ts ( section #cjd7;d7 to ! same ext5t & 9 ! same mann] z if su* reports _h be5 requir$ "u subsection 7c7 or 7g7 ( section #cjd4 7d7 ,campaign-,relat$ disbursem5t def9$ 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m campaign-relat$ disbursem5t means a disbursem5t by a cov]$ organization = any ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,an indep5d5t exp5diture :i* expressly advocates ! election or defeat ( a cle>ly id5tifi$ c&idate = election = ,f$]al (fice1 or is ! functional equival5t ( express advocacy because1 :5 tak5 z a :ole1 x c be int]pret$ by a reasonable p]son only z advocat+ ! election or defeat ( a c&idate = election = ,f$]al (fice4 7,b7 ,an applicable public communication4 7,c7 ,an electione]+ communication1 z def9$ 9 section #cjd7;f77#c74 7,d7 ,a cov]$ transf]4 7#b7 ,applicable public communications 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m applicable public communication means any public communication t ref]s to a cle>ly id5tifi$ c&idate = election = ,f$]al (fice & :i* promotes or supports ! election ( a c&idate = t (fice1 or attacks or opposes ! election ( a c&idate = t (fice1 )\t reg>d to :e!r ! communication expressly advocates a vote = or aga9/ a c&idate = t (fice4 7,b7 ,exception ,su* t]m %all n include any news /ory1 comm5t>y1 or editorial di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! facilities ( any broadca/+ /ation or any pr9t1 onl9e1 or digital newspap]1 magaz9e1 publication1 or p]iodical1 unless su* facilities are own$ or controll$ by any political p>ty1 political committee1 or c&idate4 7e7 ,cov]$ organization def9$ ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m cov]$ organization means any ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,a corporation 7o!r ?an an organization describ$ 9 section #eja7;c77#c7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf74 7#b7 ,a limit$ liability corporation t is n o!rwise treat$ z a corporation = purposes ( ?is ,act 7o!r ?an an organization describ$ 9 section #eja7;c77#c7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf74 7#c7 ,an organization describ$ 9 section #eja7;c7 ( su* ,code & exempt f taxation "u section #eja7;a7 ( su* ,code 7o!r ?an an organization describ$ 9 section #eja7;c77#c7 ( su* ,code74 7#d7 ,a labor organization 7z def9$ 9 section #caf7;b774 7#e7 ,any political organization "u section #ebg ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 o!r ?an a political committee "u ?is ,act 7except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#f774 7#f7 ,a political committee ) an acc\nt t accepts donations or contributions t d n comply ) ! contribution limits or s\rce prohibitions "u ?is ,act1 b only ) respect to su* acc\nts4 7f7 ,cov]$ transf] def9$ 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m cov]$ transf] means any transf] or paym5t ( funds by a cov]$ organization to ano!r p]son if ! cov]$ organization-- 7,a7 designates1 reque/s1 or sugge/s t ! am\nts be us$ =-- 7i7 campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts 7o!r ?an cov]$ transf]s72 or 7ii7 mak+ a transf] to ano!r p]son = ! purpose ( mak+ or pay+ = su* campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts2 7,b7 made su* transf] or paym5t 9 response to a solicitation or o!r reque/ = a donation or paym5t =-- 7i7 ! mak+ ( or pay+ = campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts 7o!r ?an cov]$ transf]s72 or 7ii7 mak+ a transf] to ano!r p]son = ! purpose ( mak+ or pay+ = su* campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts2 7,c7 engag$ 9 discussions ) ! recipi5t ( ! transf] or paym5t reg>d+-- 7i7 ! mak+ ( or pay+ = campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts 7o!r ?an cov]$ transf]s72 or 7ii7 donat+ or transf]r+ any am\nt ( su* transf] or paym5t to ano!r p]son = ! purpose ( mak+ or pay+ = su* campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts2 or 7,d7 knew or _h reason to "k t ! p]son receiv+ ! transf] or paym5t w\ld make campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts 9 an aggregate am\nt ( #ej1jjj or m dur+ ! #b-ye> p]iod beg9n+ on ! date ( ! transf] or paym5t4 7#b7 ,exclusions ,! t]m cov]$ transf] does n include any ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,a disbursem5t made by a cov]$ organization 9 a comm]cial transaction 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( any trade or bus9ess conduct$ by ! cov]$ organization or 9 ! =m ( inve/m5ts made by ! cov]$ organization4 7,b7 ,a disbursem5t made by a cov]$ organization if-- 7i7 ! cov]$ organization prohibit$1 9 writ+1 ! use ( su* disbursem5t = campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts2 & 7ii7 ! recipi5t ( ! disbursem5t agre$ to foll[ ! prohibition & deposit$ ! disbursem5t 9 an acc\nt :i* is segregat$ f a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t segregat$ fund & any o!r acc\nt us$ to make campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts4 7#c7 ,special rule reg>d+ transf]s among affiliates 7,a7 ,special rule ,a transf] ( an am\nt by "o cov]$ organization to ano!r cov]$ organization :i* is treat$ z a transf] betwe5 affiliates "u subp>agraph 7,c7 %all be consid]$ a cov]$ transf] by ! cov]$ organization :i* transf]s ! am\nt only if ! aggregate am\nt transf]r$ dur+ ! ye> by su* cov]$ organization to t same cov]$ organization is equal to or great] ?an #ej1jjj4 7,b7 ,det]m9ation ( am\nt ( c]ta9 paym5ts among affiliates ,9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( a transf] betwe5 affiliates = purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a71 to ! ext5t t ! transf] consi/s ( funds attributable to dues1 fees1 or assessm5ts :i* are paid by individuals on a regul>1 p]iodic basis 9 accordance ) a p]-individual calculation :i* is made on a regul> basis1 ! transf] %all be attribut$ to ! individuals pay+ ! dues1 fees1 or assessm5ts & %all n be attribut$ to ! cov]$ organization4 7,c7 ,description ( transf]s betwe5 affiliates ,a transf] ( am\nts f "o cov]$ organization to ano!r cov]$ organization %all be treat$ z a transf] betwe5 affiliates if-- 7i7 "o ( ! organizations is an affiliate ( ! o!r organization2 or 7ii7 ea* ( ! organizations is an affiliate ( ! same organization1 except t ! transf] %all n be treat$ z a transf] betwe5 affiliates if "o ( ! organizations is e/abli%$ = ! purpose ( mak+ campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts4 7,d7 ,det]m9ation ( affiliate /atus ,= purposes ( subp>agraph 7,c71 a cov]$ organization is an affiliate ( ano!r cov]$ organization if-- 7i7 ! gov]n+ in/rum5t ( ! organization requires x to be b\nd by decisions ( ! o!r organization2 7ii7 ! gov]n+ bo>d ( ! organization includes p]sons :o are specifically designat$ repres5tatives ( ! o!r organization or are memb]s ( ! gov]n+ bo>d1 (fic]s1 or paid executive /aff memb]s ( ! o!r organization1 or ^: s]vice on ! gov]n+ bo>d is cont+5t ^u ! approval ( ! o!r organization2 or 7iii7 ! organization is *>t]$ by ! o!r organization4 7,e7 ,cov]age ( transf]s to affiliat$ section #eja7;c77#c7 organizations ,?is p>agraph %all apply ) respect to an am\nt transf]r$ by a cov]$ organization to an organization describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c7 ( section #eja7;c7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf & exempt f tax "u section #eja7;a7 ( su* ,code 9 ! same mann] z ?is p>agraph applies to an am\nt transf]r$ by a cov]$ organization to ano!r cov]$ organization4 7g7 ,no effect on o!r report+ requirem5ts ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7b77#a71 no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to waive or o!rwise affect any o!r requirem5t ( ?is ,act :i* relates to ! report+ ( campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts4 4 7b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t ,section #cjd7;f77#f7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjajd7 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,any requirem5t & ins]t+ ,except z provid$ 9 section #cbd7;b71 any requirem5t4 7c7 ,regulations ,n lat] ?an #f mon?s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,f$]al ,election ,commission %all promulgate regulations relat+ ! application ( ! exemption "u section #cbd7;a77#c77;,c7 ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7z add$ by subsection 7a774 ,su* regulations-- 7#a7 %all require t ! legal burd5 ( e/abli%+ eligibility = su* exemption is ^u ! organization requir$ to make ! report requir$ "u section #cbd7;a77#a7 ( su* ,act 7z add$ by subsection 7a771 & 7#b7 %all be consi/5t ) ! pr9ciples appli$ 9 ,citiz5s ,unit$ v4 ,f$]al ,election ,commission1 #eeh ,u4,s4 #caj 7#bjaj74 #hjc4 ,report+ ( ,f$]al judicial nom9ation disbursem5ts 7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,a fair & imp>tial judici>y is critical = our democracy & crucial to ma9ta9 ! fai? ( ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! ju/ice sy/em4 ,z ! ,supreme ,c\rt held 9 ,cap]ton v4 ,massey1 !re is a s]i\s risk ( actual bias--bas$ on objective & reasonable p]ceptions--:5 a p]son ) a p]sonal /ake 9 a p>ticul> case _h a significant & disproportionate influ5ce 9 plac+ ! judge on ! case4 7,cap]ton v4 ,a4,t4 ,massey ,coal ,co41 #eef ,u4,s4 #hfh1 #hhd 7#bjji774 7#b7 ,public tru/ 9 gov]nm5t is at a hi/oric l[4 ,accord+ to poll+1 mo/ ,am]icans believe t corporations h too mu* p[] & influ5ce 9 politics & ! c\rts4 7#c7 ,! preval5ce & p]vasiv5ess ( d>k money drives public conc]n ab\t corruption 9 politics & ! c\rts4 ,d>k money is fund+ = organizations & political activities t _c be trac$ to actual donors4 ,x is made possible by loopholes 9 our tax laws & regulations1 weak ov]sight by ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,s]vice1 & donor-fri5dly c\rt decisions4 7#d7 ,"u curr5t law1 social welf>e organizations & bus9ess leagues c use funds to influ5ce elections s long z political activity is n _! prim>y activity4 ,sup] ,p,a,cs c accept & sp5d unlimit$ contributions f any non-=eign s\rce4 ,^! gr\ps c sp5d t5s ( millions ( doll>s on political activities4 ,su* d>k money gr\ps sp5t an e/imat$ #a1jej1jjj1jjj 9 ! #bjbj election cycle4 7#e7 ,d>k money is us$ to %ape judicial decision mak+4 ,?is c take _m =ms1 ak9 to ag5cy capture3 influ5c+ judicial selection by controll+ :o gets nom9at$ & fund+ c&idate adv]tisem5ts2 creat+ public relations campaigns aim$ at mobiliz+ ! judici>y ar\nd p>ticul> issues2 & draft+ law review articles1 amicus briefs1 & o!r products :i* tell judges h[ to decide a giv5 case & provide ready-made argum5ts = will+ judges to adopt4 7#f7 ,ov] ! pa/ decade1 nonpr(it organizations t d n disclose _! donors h sp5t hundr$s ( millions ( doll>s to influ5ce ! nom9ation & confirmation process = ,f$]al judges4 ,"o organization alone has sp5t ne>ly #dj1jjj1jjj on adv]tisem5ts support+ or oppos+ ,supreme ,c\rt nom9ees s9ce #bjaf4 7#g7 ,anonym\s money sp5t on judicial nom9ations is n subject to any disclosure requirem5ts4 ,f$]al election laws only regulate contributions & exp5ditures relat+ to electoral politics2 ?us1 exp5ditures1 contributions1 & advocacy ef=ts = ,f$]al judge%ips are n cov]$ "u ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga4 ,)\t m disclosure1 ! public has no way ( kn[+ :e!r ! p sp5d+ money support+ or oppos+ judicial nom9ations h bus9ess be=e ! c\rts4 7#h7 ,congress & ! ,am]ican p h a compell+ int]e/ 9 kn[+ :o is fund+ ^! campaigns to select & confirm judges to lifetime appo9tm5ts on ! ,f$]al b5*4 7b7 ,report+ ,section #cbd ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjabf71 z am5d$ by section #hjb1 is am5d$ by r$esignat+ subsection 7g7 z subsection 7h7 & by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7f7 ! foll[+ new subsection3 7g7 ,application to ,f$]al judicial nom9ations 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,= purposes ( ?is section-- 7,a7 a disbursem5t by a cov]$ organization = a ,f$]al judicial nom9ation communication %all be treat$ z a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t2 & 7,b7 9 ! case ( campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts :i* are = ,f$]al judicial nom9ation communications-- 7i7 ! doll> am\nts 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#b7 ( subsection 7a7 %all be appli$ sep>ately ) respect to su* disbursem5ts & o!r campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts2 7ii7 ! election report+ cycle %all be ! cal5d> ye> 9 :i* ! disbursem5t = ! ,f$]al judicial nom9ation communication is made2 7iii7 ref]5ces to a c&idate 9 subsections 7a77#b77;,c71 7a77#b77;,d71 & 7a77#c77;,c7 %all be treat$ z ref]5ces to a nom9ee = a ,f$]al judge or ju/ice2 & 7iv7 ! ref]5ce to an election 9 subsection 7a77#b77;,c7 %all be treat$ z a ref]5ce to ! nom9ation ( su* nom9ee4 7#b7 ,f$]al judicial nom9ation communication 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m ,f$]al judicial nom9ation communication means any communication-- 7i7 t is by means ( any broadca/1 cable1 or satellite1 paid int]net1 or paid digital communication1 paid promotion1 newspap]1 magaz9e1 outdoor adv]tis+ facility1 mass mail+1 telephone bank1 telephone messag+ ef=t ( m ?an #ejj sub/antially simil> calls or electronic messages )9 a #cj-;day p]iod1 or any o!r =m ( g5]al public political adv]tis+2 & 7ii7 :i* promotes1 supports1 attacks1 or opposes ! nom9ation or ,s5ate confirmation ( an individual z a ,f$]al judge or ju/ice4 7,b7 ,exception ,su* t]m %all n include any news /ory1 comm5t>y1 or editorial di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! facilities ( any broadca/+ /ation or any pr9t1 onl9e1 or digital newspap]1 magaz9e1 publication1 or p]iodical1 unless su* facilities are own$ or controll$ by any political p>ty1 political committee1 or c&idate4 7,c7 ,int5t n requir$ ,a disbursem5t = an item describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be treat$ z a disbursem5t = a ,f$]al judicial nom9ation communication reg>dless ( ! int5t ( ! p]son mak+ ! disbursem5t4 4 #hjd4 ,coord9ation ) ,fin,c,e,n 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,director ( ! ,f9ancial ,crimes ,en=cem5t ,network ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,treasury %all provide ! ,f$]al ,election ,commission ) su* in=mation z necess>y to assi/ 9 adm9i/]+ & en=c+ section #cbd ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga1 z am5d$ by ?is title4 7b7 ,report ,n lat] ?an #f mon?s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,*airman ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,commission1 9 consultation ) ! ,director ( ! ,f9ancial ,crimes ,en=cem5t ,network ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,treasury1 %all submit to ,congress a report ) recomm5dations = provid+ fur!r legislative au?ority to assi/ 9 ! adm9i/ration & en=cem5t ( su* section #cbd4 #hje4 ,application ( =eign money ban to disbursem5ts = campaign-relat$ disbursem5ts consi/+ ( cov]$ transf]s ,section #cai7;b77#b7 ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaba7;a77#a77;,a771 z am5d$ by section #hjb1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ includes any disbursem5t & ins]t+ includes-- 7,a7 any disbursem5t 2 7#b7 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ 2 &2 & 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subp>agraph3 7,b7 any disbursem5t1 o!r ?an a disbursem5t describ$ 9 section #cbd7;a77#c77;,a71 to ano!r p]son :o made a campaign-relat$ disbursem5t consi/+ ( a cov]$ transf] 7z describ$ 9 section #cbd7 dur+ ! #b-ye> p]iod end+ on ! date ( ! disbursem5t4 4 #hjf4 ,s5se ( ,congress reg>d+ implem5tation ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t ! ,f$]al ,election ,commission %\ld simplify ! process = fil+ any disclosure requir$ "u ! provisions (1 & am5dm5ts made by1 ?is title 9 ord] to ensure t su* process is z easy & accessible z possible4 #hjg4 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is title %all apply ) respect to disbursem5ts made on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjbg1 & %all take effect )\t reg>d to :e!r or n ! ,f$]al ,election ,commission has promulgat$ regulations to c>ry out su* am5dm5ts4 ,,ix ,ban ,corporate ,p,a,cs ,act #ija4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,ban ,corporate ,p,a,cs ,act4 #ijb4 ,limit+ au?ority ( corporations to e/abli% or op]ate sep>ate segregat$ funds = political purposes to nonpr(it corporations 7a7 ,limitation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #caf7;b77#b77;,c7 ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaah7;b77#b77;,c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ a corporation & ins]t+ a nonpr(it corporation4 7#b7 ,def9ition ,section #caf7;b7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaah7;b77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3 7#h7 ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m nonpr(it corporation means a corporation describ$ 9 section #eja7;c7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf & exempt f taxation "u section #eja7;a7 ( su* ,code1 o!r ?an a corporation :i* is ineligible to be exempt f taxation "u section #eja7;a7 ( su* ,code if x e/abli%es a sep>ate segregat$ fund "u ?is subsection4 4 7b7 ,p]mitt+ solicitation ( contributions only f executive & adm9i/rative p]sonnel ,section #caf7;b7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaah7;b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#d77;,a77i71 by /rik+ its /ockhold]s & _! families &2 7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#d77;,b7-- 7,a7 by /rik+ a corporation ! fir/ place x appe>s & ins]t+ a nonpr(it corporation2 7,b7 by /rik+ any /ockhold]1 executive or adm9i/rative p]sonnel1 & ins]t+ any executive or adm9i/rative p]sonnel2 & 7,c7 by /rik+ /ockhold]s1 executive or adm9i/rative p]sonnel1 & ins]t+ executive or adm9i/rative p]sonnel2 7#c7 9 p>agraph 7#d77;,d7-- 7,a7 by /rik+ /ockhold]s &2 7,b7 by /rik+ su* /ockhold]s or p]sonnel & ins]t+ su* p]sonnel2 & 7,c7 by /rik+ su* /ockhold]s & p]sonnel & ins]t+ su* p]sonnel2 & 7#d7 9 p>agraph 7#e71 by /rik+ /ockhold]s &4 7c7 ,treatm5t ( gov]nm5t contractors ,section #cag7;b7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaai7;b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ any corporation & ins]t+ any nonpr(it corporation2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ a corporation & ins]t+ a nonpr(it corporation4 #ijc4 ,effective date2 transition = exi/+ funds & committees 7a7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is title %all take effect on ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 7b7 ,transition = exi/+ funds & committees ,9 ! case ( a sep>ate segregate fund e/abli%$ & op]at+ "u section #caf7;b77#b77;,c7 ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaah7;b77#b77;,c77 z ( ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act :i* is n a fund ( a nonpr(it corporation z def9$ 9 section #caf7;b77#h7 ( su* ,act 7z add$ by section #b7;a77#b771 ! fund %all t]m9ate & disburse its entire balance n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 ,x ,nonp>tisan ,r$i/rict+ ,re=m #ajja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,title ,v ( ! ,fre$om to ,vote ,act4 #ajjb4 ,f9d+ ( con/itutional au?ority ,congress f9ds t x has ! au?ority to e/abli% ! t]ms & conditions ,/ates mu/ foll[ 9 c>ry+ out congressional r$i/rict+ aft] an apportionm5t ( ,memb]s ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives because-- 7#a7 ! au?ority grant$ to ,congress "u article ,i1 section #d ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates gives ,congress ! p[] to enact laws gov]n+ ! "t1 place1 & mann] ( elections = ,memb]s ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives2 7#b7 ! au?ority grant$ to ,congress "u section #e ( ! ,f\rte5? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution gives ,congress ! p[] to enact laws to en=ce section #b ( su* am5dm5t1 :i* requires ,repres5tatives to be apportion$ among ! sev]al ,/ates accord+ to _! numb]2 7#c7 ! au?ority grant$ to ,congress "u section #e ( ! ,f\rte5? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution gives ,congress ! p[] to enact laws to en=ce section #a ( su* am5dm5t1 includ+ protections aga9/ excessive p>tisan g]rym&]+ t ,f$]al c\rts h n en=c$ because !y und]/& su* en=cem5t to be committ$ to ,congress by ! ,con/itution2 7#d7 ( ! au?ority grant$ to ,congress to en=ce article ,,iv1 section #d1 ( ! ,con/itution1 & ! gu>antee ( a ,republican ,=m ( ,gov]nm5t to e ,/ate1 :i* ,f$]al c\rts h n en=c$ because !y und]/& su* en=cem5t to be committ$ to ,congress by ! ,con/itution2 7#e7 requir+ ,/ates to use uni=m r$i/rict+ crit]ia is an appropriate & important ex]cise ( su* au?ority2 & 7#f7 p>tisan g]rym&]+ dilutes citiz5s' votes because p>tisan g]rym&]+ injures vot]s & political p>ties by infr++ on _! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t "r to associate freely & _! ,f\rte5? ,am5dm5t "r to equal protection ( ! laws4 #ajjc4 ,ban on mid-decade r$i/rict+ ,a ,/ate t has be5 r$i/rict$ 9 accordance ) ?is title may n be r$i/rict$ aga9 until aft] ! next apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives "u section #bb7;a7 ( ! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = ! fifte5? & subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses & to provide = an apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$ ,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a71 unless a c\rt requires ! ,/ate to conduct su* subsequ5t r$i/rict+ to comply ) ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 ! t]ms or conditions ( ?is title1 or applicable ,/ate law4 #ajjd4 ,crit]ia = r$i/rict+ 7a7 ,requir+ plans ,to meet crit]ia ,a ,/ate may n use a congressional r$i/rict+ plan enact$ foll[+ ! notice ( apportionm5t transmitt$ to ! ,presid5t on ,april #bf1 #bjba1 or any subsequ5t notice ( apportionm5t1 if su* plan is n 9 compliance ) ?is section1 )\t reg>d to :e!r or n ! plan 0 enact$ by ! ,/ate be=e1 on1 or aft] ! effective date ( ?is title4 7b7 ,rank$ crit]ia ,"u ! r$i/rict+ plan ( a ,/ate1 !re %all be e/abli%$ s+le-memb] congressional di/ricts us+ ! foll[+ crit]ia z set =? 9 ! foll[+ ord] ( priority3 7#a7 ,di/ricts %all comply ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution1 includ+ ! requirem5t t !y sub/antially equalize total population1 )\t reg>d to age1 citiz5%ip /atus1 or immigration /atus4 7#b7 ,di/ricts %all comply ) ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 includ+ by creat+ any di/ricts :]e1 if bas$ ^u ! totality ( ! circum/ances1 #b or m politically cohesive gr\ps protect$ by su* ,act are able to elect repres5tatives ( *oice 9 coalition ) "o ano!r1 & all applicable ,f$]al laws4 7#c7 7,a7 ,di/ricts %all be drawn1 to ! ext5t t ! totality ( ! circum/ances w>rant1 to ensure ! practical ability ( a gr\p protect$ "u ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq47 to p>ticipate 9 ! political process & to nom9ate c&idates & to elect repres5tatives ( *oice is n dilut$ or dim9i%$1 reg>dless ( :e!r or n su* protect$ gr\p con/itutes a majority ( a di/rict's population1 vot+ age population1 or citiz5 vot+ age population4 7,b7 ,= purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a71 ! assessm5t ( :e!r a protect$ gr\p has ! practical ability to nom9ate c&idates & to elect repres5tatives ( *oice %all require ! consid]ation ( ! foll[+ factors3 7i7 ,:e!r ! gr\p is politically cohesive4 7ii7 ,:e!r !re is racially pol>iz$ vot+ 9 ! relevant geographic region4 7iii7 ,if !re is racially pol>iz$ vot+ 9 ! relevant geographic region1 :e!r ! pref]r$ c&idates ( ! gr\p nev]!less receive a suffici5t am\nt ( consi/5t crossov] support f o!r vot]s su* t ! gr\p is a functional majority ) ! ability to bo? nom9ate c&idates & elect repres5tatives ( *oice4 7#d7 7,a7 ,di/ricts %all be drawn to repres5t communities ( int]e/ & neighborhoods to ! ext5t practicable aft] compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c74 ,a community ( int]e/ is def9$ z an area = :i* ! record be=e ! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! r$i/rict+ plan demon/rates ! exi/5ce ( broadly %>$ int]e/s & repres5tational ne$s1 includ+ %>$ int]e/s & repres5tational ne$s root$ 9 common e?nic1 racial1 economic1 ,indian1 social1 cultural1 geographic1 or hi/oric id5tities1 or aris+ f simil> socioeconomic conditions4 ,! t]m communities ( int]e/ may1 if ! record w>rants1 include political subdivisions su* z c\nties1 municipalities1 ,indian l&s1 or s*ool di/ricts1 b %all n include common relation%ips ) political p>ties or political c&idates4 7,b7 ,= purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a71 9 consid]+ ! ne$s ( multiple1 ov]lapp+ communities ( int]e/1 ! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! r$i/rict+ plan %all give great] weight to ^? communities ( int]e/ ^: repres5tational ne$s w\ld mo/ b5efit f ! community's inclusion 9 a s+le congressional di/rict4 7c7 ,no favor+ or disfavor+ ( political p>ties 7#a7 ,prohibition ,a ,/ate may n use a r$i/rict+ plan to conduct an election if ! plan's congressional di/ricts1 :5 consid]$ cumulatively on a /atewide basis1 h be5 drawn ) ! int5t or h ! effect ( mat]ially favor+ or disfavor+ any political p>ty4 7#b7 ,det]m9ation ( effect ,! det]m9ation ( :e!r a r$i/rict+ plan has ! effect ( mat]ially favor+ or disfavor+ a political p>ty %all be bas$ on an evaluation ( ! totality ( circum/ances :i*1 at a m9imum1 %all involve consid]ation ( ea* ( ! foll[+ factors3 7,a7 ,comput] model+ bas$ on relevant /atewide g5]al elections = ,f$]al (fice held ov] ! #h ye>s prec$+ ! adoption ( ! r$i/rict+ plan sett+ =? ! probable electoral outcomes = ! plan "u a range ( reasonably =eseeable conditions4 7,b7 ,an analysis ( :e!r ! r$i/rict+ plan is /ati/ically likely to result 9 p>tisan advantage or disadvantage on a /atewide basis1 ! degree ( any su* advantage or disadvantage1 & :e!r su* advantage or disadvantage is likely to be pres5t "u a range ( reasonably =eseeable electoral conditions4 7,c7 ,a comp>ison ( ! model$ electoral outcomes = ! r$i/rict+ plan to ! model$ electoral outcomes = alt]native plans t demon/rably comply ) ! requirem5ts ( p>agraphs 7#a71 7#b71 & 7#c7 ( subsection 7b7 9 ord] to det]m9e :e!r reasonable alt]natives exi/ t w\ld result 9 mat]ially l[] levels ( p>tisan advantage or disadvantage on a /atewide basis4 ,= purposes ( ?is subp>agraph1 alt]native plans consid]$ may include bo? actual plans propos$ dur+ ! r$i/rict+ process & o!r plans prep>$ = purposes ( comp>ison4 7,d7 ,any o!r relevant in=mation1 includ+ h[ broad support = ! r$i/rict+ plan 0 among memb]s ( ! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! plan & :e!r ! processes lead+ to ! developm5t & adoption ( ! plan 7 transp>5t & equally op5 to all memb]s ( ! entity & to ! public4 7#c7 ,rebuttable presumption 7,a7 ,trigg] ,9 any civil action br\ght "u section #ajjf 9 :i* a p>ty ass]ts a claim t a ,/ate has enact$ a r$i/rict+ plan :i* is 9 violation ( ?is subsection1 a p>ty may file a motion n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! enactm5t ( ! plan 7or1 9 ! case ( a plan enact$ be=e ! effective date ( ?is ,act1 n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! effective date ( ?is ,act7 reque/+ t ! c\rt det]m9e :e!r a presumption ( su* a violation exi/s4 ,if su* a motion is timely fil$1 ! c\rt %all hold a he>+ n lat] ?an #ae days aft] ! date ! motion is fil$ to assess :e!r a presumption ( su* a violation exi/s4 7,b7 ,assessm5t ,to conduct ! assessm5t requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 ! c\rt %all d ! foll[+3 7i7 ,det]m9e ! numb] ( congressional di/ricts "u ! plan t w\ld h be5 c>ri$ by ea* political p>ty's c&idates = ! (fice ( ,presid5t & ! (fice ( ,s5ator 9 ! #b mo/ rec5t g5]al elections = ! (fice ( ,presid5t & ! #b mo/ rec5t g5]al elections = ! (fice ( ,s5ator 7o!r ?an special g5]al elections7 imm$iately prec$+ ! enactm5t ( ! plan1 except t if a ,/ate conducts a prim>y election = ! (fice ( ,s5ator :i* is op5 to c&idates ( all political p>ties1 ! prim>y election %all be us$ in/ead ( ! g5]al election & ! numb] ( di/ricts c>ri$ by a p>ty's c&idates = ! (fice ( ,s5ator %all be det]m9$ on ! basis ( ! comb9$ vote %>e ( all c&idates 9 ! election :o are affiliat$ ) su* p>ty4 7ii7 ,det]m9e1 = ea* ( ! #d elections assess$ "u clause 7i71 :e!r ! numb] ( di/ricts t w\ld h be5 c>ri$ by any p>ty's c&idate z det]m9$ "u clause 7i7 results 9 p>tisan advantage or disadvantage 9 excess ( ! applicable ?re%old describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c74 ,! degree ( p>tisan advantage or disadvantage %all be det]m9$ by "o or m /&>d quantitative measures ( p>tisan fairness t-- 7,i7 use a p>ty's %>e ( ! /atewide vote to calculate a correspond+ b5*m>k %>e ( seats2 & 7,,ii7 measure ! am\nt by :i* ! %>e ( seats ! p>ty's c&idate w\ld h won 9 ! election involv$ exce$s ! b5*m>k %>e ( seats4 7,c7 ,applicable ?re%old describ$ ,! applicable ?re%old describ$ 9 ?is subp>agraph is1 ) respect to a ,/ate & a numb] ( seats1 ! great] (-- 7i7 an am\nt equal to #g p]c5t ( ! numb] ( congressional di/ricts 9 ! ,/ate2 or 7ii7 "o congressional di/rict4 7,d7 ,description ( quantitative measures2 prohibit+ r\nd+ ,9 c>ry+ out ?is subsection-- 7i7 ! /&>d quantitative measures ( p>tisan fairness us$ by ! c\rt may include ! simplifi$ effici5cy gap b may n include /rict proportionality2 & 7ii7 ! c\rt may n r\nd any numb]4 7,e7 ,presumption ( violation ,a plan is presum$ to violate p>agraph 7#a7 if1 on ! basis ( at lea/ "o /&>d quantitative measure ( p>tisan fairness1 x exce$s ! applicable ?re%old describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c7 ) respect to #b or m ( ! #d elections assess$ "u subp>agraph 7,b74 7,f7 ,/ay ( use ( plan ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( ?is title1 9 any action "u ?is p>agraph1 ! foll[+ rules %all apply3 7i7 ,^u fil+ ( a motion "u subp>agraph 7,a71 a ,/ate's use ( ! plan :i* is ! subject ( ! motion %all be automatically /ay$ p5d+ resolution ( su* motion4 7ii7 ,if aft] consid]+ ! motion1 ! c\rt rules t ! plan is presum$ "u subp>agraph 7,e7 to violate p>agraph 7#a71 a ,/ate may n use su* plan until & unless ! c\rt :i* is c>ry+ out ! det]m9ation ( ! effect ( ! plan "u p>agraph 7#b7 det]m9es t1 not)/&+ ! presumptive violation1 ! plan does n violate p>agraph 7#a74 7,g7 ,no effect on o!r assessm5ts ,! abs5ce ( a presumption ( a violation ) respect to a r$i/rict+ plan z det]m9$ "u ?is p>agraph %all n affect ! det]m9ation ( ! effect or int5t ( ! plan "u ?is section4 7#d7 ,det]m9ation ( int5t ,a c\rt may rely on all available evid5ce :5 det]m9+ :e!r a r$i/rict+ plan 0 drawn ) ! int5t to mat]ially favor or disfavor a political p>ty1 includ+ evid5ce ( ! p>tisan effects ( a plan1 ! degree ( support ! plan receiv$ f memb]s ( ! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! plan1 & :e!r ! processes lead+ to developm5t & adoption ( ! plan 7 transp>5t & equally op5 to all memb]s ( ! entity & to ! public4 7#e7 ,no violation bas$ on c]ta9 crit]ia ,no r$i/rict+ plan %all be f\nd to be 9 violation ( p>agraph 7#a7 because ( ! prop] application ( ! crit]ia set =? 9 p>agraphs 7#a71 7#b71 or 7#c7 ( subsection 7b71 unless "o or m alt]native plans c\ld h compli$ ) su* p>agraphs )\t hav+ ! effect ( mat]ially favor+ or disfavor+ a political p>ty4 7d7 ,factors prohibit$ f consid]ation ,9 develop+ ! r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate1 ! ,/ate may n take into consid]ation any ( ! foll[+ factors1 except z necess>y to comply ) ! crit]ia describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c7 ( subsection 7b71 to a*ieve p>tisan fairness & comply ) subsection 7b71 & to enable ! r$i/rict+ plan to be measur$ aga9/ ! ext]nal metrics describ$ 9 section #ajjd7;c73 7#a7 ,! resid5ce ( any ,memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives or c&idate4 7#b7 ,! political p>ty affiliation or vot+ hi/ory ( ! population ( a di/rict4 7e7 ,additional crit]ia ,a ,/ate may n rely ^u crit]ia1 di/rict+ pr9ciples1 or o!r policies ( ! ,/ate :i* are n set =? 9 ?is section to ju/ify non-compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is section4 7f7 ,applicability 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,?is section applies to any au?ority1 :e!r appo9t$1 elect$1 judicial1 or o!rwise1 responsible = enact+ ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan ( a ,/ate4 7#b7 ,date ( enactm5t ,?is section applies to any congressional r$i/rict+ plan enact$ foll[+ ! notice ( apportionm5t transmitt$ to ! ,presid5t on ,april #bf1 #bjba1 reg>dless ( ! date ( enactm5t by ! ,/ate ( ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan4 7g7 ,sev]ability ( crit]ia ,if any provision ( ?is section1 or ! application ( any su* provision to any p]son or circum/ance1 is held to be uncon/itutional1 ! rema9d] ( ?is section1 & ! application ( su* provision to any o!r p]son or circum/ance1 %all n be affect$ by ! hold+4 #ajje4 ,developm5t ( plan 7a7 ,public notice & input 7#a7 ,use ( op5 & transp>5t process ,! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan ( a ,/ate %all solicit & take into consid]ation comm5ts f ! public ?r\gh\t ! process ( develop+ ! plan1 & %all c>ry out its duties 9 an op5 & transp>5t mann] :i* provides = ! wide/ public dissem9ation reasonably possible ( its propos$ & f9al r$i/rict+ plans4 7#b7 ,website 7,a7 ,features ,! entity %all ma9ta9 a public int]net site :i* is n affiliat$ ) or ma9ta9$ by ! (fice ( any elect$ (ficial & :i* includes ! foll[+ features3 7i7 ,all propos$ r$i/rict+ plans & ! f9al r$i/rict+ plan1 includ+ ! accompany+ writt5 evaluation "u subsection 7c74 7ii7 ,all comm5ts receiv$ f ! public submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 7iii7 ,access 9 an easily usable =mat to ! demographic & o!r data us$ by ! entity to develop & analyze ! propos$ r$i/rict+ plans1 toge!r ) any reports analyz+ & evaluat+ su* plans & access to s(tw>e t memb]s ( ! public may use to draw maps ( propos$ di/ricts4 7iv7 ,a me?od by :i* memb]s ( ! public may submit comm5ts directly to ! entity4 7,b7 ,se>*able =mat ,! entity %all ensure t all in=mation po/$ & ma9ta9$ on ! site "u ?is p>agraph1 includ+ in=mation & propos$ maps submitt$ by ! public1 %all be ma9ta9$ 9 an easily se>*able =mat4 7#c7 ,multiple language requirem5ts = all notices ,! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! plan %all make ea* notice :i* is requir$ to be po/$ & publi%$ "u ?is section available 9 any language 9 :i* ! ,/ate 7or any jurisdiction 9 ! ,/ate7 is requir$ to provide election mat]ials "u section #bjc ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejc74 7b7 ,developm5t ( plan 7#a7 ,he>+s ,! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan %all hold he>+s bo? be=e & aft] releas+ propos$ plans 9 ord] to solicit public input on ! cont5t ( su* plans4 ,^! he>+s %all-- 7,a7 be held 9 diff]5t regions ( ! ,/ate & /ream$ live on ! public int]net site ma9ta9$ "u subsection 7a77#b72 & 7,b7 be suffici5t 9 numb]1 s*$ul$ at times & places1 & notic$ & conduct$ 9 a mann] to ensure t all memb]s ( ! public1 includ+ memb]s ( racial1 e?nic1 & language m9orities protect$ "u ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife1 h a mean+ful opportunity to att5d & provide input bo? be=e & aft] ! entity releases propos$ plans4 7#b7 ,po/+ ( maps ,! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan %all make propos$ plans1 am5dm5ts to propos$ plans1 & ! data ne$$ to analyze su* plans = compliance ) ! crit]ia ( ?is title available = public review1 includ+ on ! public int]net site requir$ "u subsection 7a77#b71 = a p]iod ( n less ?an #e days be=e any vote or he>+ is held on any su* plan or any am5dm5t to su* a plan4 7c7 ,release ( writt5 evaluation ( plan aga9/ ext]nal metrics requir$ prior to vote ,! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan = a ,/ate may n hold a vote on a propos$ r$i/rict+ plan1 includ+ a vote 9 a committee1 unless at lea/ #dh h\rs prior to hold+ ! vote ! ,/ate has releas$ a writt5 evaluation t measures ea* su* plan aga9/ ext]nal metrics :i* cov] ! crit]ia set =? 9 section #ajjc7;b71 includ+ ! impact ( ! plan on ! ability ( memb]s ( a class ( citiz5s protect$ by ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq47 to elect c&idates ( *oice1 ! degree to :i* ! plan pres]ves or divides communities ( int]e/1 & any analysis us$ by ! ,/ate to assess compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( section #ajjc7;b7 & 7c74 7d7 ,public input & comm5ts ,! entity responsible = develop+ & adopt+ ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan = a ,/ate %all make all public comm5ts receiv$ ab\t pot5tial plans1 includ+ alt]native plans1 available to ! public on ! int]net site requir$ "u subsection 7a77#b71 at no co/1 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs prior to hold+ a vote on f9al adoption ( a plan4 #ajjf4 ,failure by ,/ate to enact plan 7a7 ,deadl9e = enactm5t ( plan 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ea* ,/ate %all enact a f9al congressional r$i/rict+ plan foll[+ transmission ( a notice ( apportionm5t to ! ,presid5t by ! e>lie/ (-- 7,a7 ! deadl9e set =? 9 ,/ate law1 includ+ any ext5sion to ! deadl9e provid$ 9 accordance ) ,/ate law2 7,b7 ,febru>y #ae ( ! ye> 9 :i* regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al elections = ,f$]al (fice are held 9 ! ,/ate2 or 7,c7 #ij days be=e ! date ( ! next regul>ly s*$ul$ prim>y election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ! ,/ate4 7#b7 ,special rule = plans enact$ prior to effective date ( title ,if a ,/ate enact$ a f9al congressional r$i/rict+ plan prior to ! effective date ( ?is title & ! plan is n 9 compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title1 ! ,/ate %all enact a f9al r$i/rict+ plan :i* is 9 compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title n lat] ?an #de days aft] ! effective date ( ?is title4 7b7 ,developm5t ( plan by c\rt 9 case ( miss$ deadl9e ,if a ,/ate has n enact$ a f9al congressional r$i/rict+ plan by ! applicable deadl9e "u subsection 7a71 or x appe>s reasonably likely t a ,/ate w fail to enact a f9al congressional r$i/rict+ plan by su* deadl9e-- 7#a7 any citiz5 ( ! ,/ate may file an action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = ! applicable v5ue ask+ ! di/rict c\rt to assume jurisdiction2 7#b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = ! applicable v5ue1 act+ ?r\gh a #c-;judge c\rt conv5$ pursuant to section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %all h ! exclusive au?ority to develop & publi% ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate2 & 7#c7 ! f9al congressional r$i/rict+ plan develop$ & publi%$ by ! c\rt "u ?is section %all be deem$ to be enact$ on ! date on :i* ! c\rt publi%es ! f9al congressional r$i/rict+ plan1 z describ$ 9 subsection 7e74 7c7 ,applicable v5ue ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! applicable v5ue ) respect to a ,/ate is ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia or ! judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! capital ( ! ,/ate is locat$1 z select$ by ! fir/ p>ty to file ) ! c\rt suffici5t evid5ce t a ,/ate has fail$ to1 or is reasonably likely to fail to1 enact a f9al r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate prior to ! expiration ( ! applicable deadl9e set =? 9 subsection 7a74 7d7 ,proc$ures = ,developm5t ( ,plan 7#a7 ,crit]ia ,9 develop+ a r$i/rict+ plan = a ,/ate "u ?is section1 ! c\rt %all adh]e to ! same t]ms & conditions t appli$ 7or t w\ld h appli$1 z ! case may be7 to ! developm5t ( a plan by ! ,/ate "u section #ajjc4 7#b7 ,access to in=mation & records ,! c\rt %all h access to any in=mation1 data1 s(tw>e1 or o!r records & mat]ial t 0 us$ 7or t w\ld h be5 us$1 z ! case may be7 by ! ,/ate 9 c>ry+ out its duties "u ?is title4 7#c7 ,he>+2 public p>ticipation ,9 develop+ a r$i/rict+ plan = a ,/ate1 ! c\rt %all-- 7,a7 hold "o or m evid5ti>y he>+s at :i* int]e/$ memb]s ( ! public may appe> & be he>d & pres5t te/imony1 includ+ exp]t te/imony1 9 accordance ) ! rules ( ! c\rt2 & 7,b7 consid] o!r submissions & comm5ts by ! public1 includ+ proposals = r$i/rict+ plans to cov] ! entire ,/ate or any portion ( ! ,/ate4 7#d7 ,use ( special ma/] ,to assi/ 9 ! developm5t & publication ( a r$i/rict+ plan = a ,/ate "u ?is section1 ! c\rt may appo9t a special ma/] to make recomm5dations to ! c\rt on possible plans = ! ,/ate4 7e7 ,publication ( plan 7#a7 ,public availability ( initial plan ,^u complet+ ! developm5t ( "o or m initial r$i/rict+ plans1 ! c\rt %all make ! plans available to ! public at no co/1 & %all also make available ! und]ly+ data us$ to develop ! plans & a writt5 evaluation ( ! plans aga9/ ext]nal metrics 7z describ$ 9 section #ajjd7;c774 7#b7 ,publication ( f9al plan ,at any "t aft] ! expiration ( ! #ad-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ! c\rt makes ! plans available to ! public "u p>agraph 7#a71 & tak+ into consid]ation any submissions & comm5ts by ! public :i* are receiv$ dur+ su* p]iod1 ! c\rt %all develop & publi% ! f9al r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate4 7f7 ,use ( int]im plan ,9 ! ev5t t ! c\rt is n able to develop & publi% a f9al r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate ) suffici5t "t = an upcom+ election to proce$1 ! c\rt may develop & publi% an int]im r$i/rict+ plan :i* %all s]ve z ! r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate until ! c\rt develops & publi%es a f9al plan 9 accordance ) ?is section4 ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection may be con/ru$ to limit or o!rwise affect ! au?ority or discretion ( ! c\rt to develop & publi% ! f9al r$i/rict+ plan1 includ+ ! discretion to make any *anges ! c\rt deems necess>y to an int]im r$i/rict+ plan4 7g7 ,appeals ,review on appeal ( any f9al or int]im plan adopt$ by ! c\rt 9 accordance ) ?is section %all be gov]n$ by ! appellate process 9 section #ajjf4 7h7 ,/ay ( ,/ate proce$+s ,! fil+ ( an action "u ?is section %all act z a /ay ( any proce$+s 9 ,/ate c\rt ) respect to ! ,/ate's congressional r$i/rict+ plan unless o!rwise ord]$ by ! c\rt4 #ajjg4 ,civil en=cem5t 7a7 ,civil ,en=cem5t 7#a7 ,actions by ,attorney ,g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may br+ a civil action = su* relief z may be appropriate to c>ry out ?is title4 7#b7 ,availability ( private "r ( action 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,any p]son resid+ or domicil$ 9 a ,/ate :o is aggriev$ by ! failure ( ! ,/ate to meet ! requirem5ts ( ! ,con/itution or ,f$]al law1 includ+ ?is title1 ) respect to ! ,/ate's congressional r$i/rict+1 may br+ a civil action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = ! applicable v5ue = su* relief z may be appropriate to rem$y ! failure4 7,b7 ,special rule = claims relat+ to p>tisan advantage ,= purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a71 a p]son :o is aggriev$ by ! failure ( a ,/ate to meet ! requirem5ts ( section #ajjc7;c7 may include-- 7i7 any political p>ty or committee 9 ! ,/ate2 & 7ii7 any regi/]$ vot] 9 ! ,/ate :o resides 9 a congressional di/rict t ! vot] alleges 0 drawn 9 a mann] t contributes to a violation ( su* section4 7,c7 ,no aw>d+ ( damages to prevail+ p>ty ,except = an aw>d ( attorney's fees "u subsection 7d71 a c\rt 9 a civil action "u ?is section %all n aw>d ! prevail+ p>ty any monet>y damages1 comp5satory1 punitive1 or o!rwise4 7#c7 ,deliv]y ( compla9t to ,h\se & ,s5ate ,9 any action br\ght "u ?is section1 a copy ( ! compla9t %all be deliv]$ promptly to ! ,cl]k ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,secret>y ( ! ,s5ate4 7#d7 ,exclusive jurisdiction & applicable v5ue ,! di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all h exclusive jurisdiction to he> & det]m9e claims ass]t+ t a congressional r$i/rict+ plan violates ! requirem5ts ( ! ,con/itution or ,f$]al law1 includ+ ?is title4 ,! applicable v5ue = su* an action %all be ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia or = ! judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! capital ( ! ,/ate is locat$1 z select$ by ! p]son br++ ! action4 ,9 a civil action t includes a claim t a r$i/rict+ plan is 9 violation ( subsection 7b7 or 7c7 ( section #ajjc1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia %all h jurisdiction ov] any def5dant :o has be5 s]v$ 9 any ,unit$ ,/ates judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! def5dant resides1 is f\nd1 or has an ag5t1 or 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! capital ( ! ,/ate is locat$4 ,process may be s]v$ 9 any ,unit$ ,/ates judicial di/rict :]e a def5dant resides1 is f\nd1 or has an ag5t1 or 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! capital ( ! ,/ate is locat$4 7#e7 ,use ( #c-;judge c\rt ,if an action "u ?is section raises /atewide claims "u ! ,con/itution or ?is title1 ! action %all be he>d by a #c-;judge c\rt conv5$ pursuant to section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#f7 ,review ( f9al decision ,a f9al decision 9 an action br\ght "u ?is section %all be reviewable on appeal by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit1 :i* %all he> ! matt] sitt+ en banc4 ,!re %all be no "r ( appeal 9 su* proce$+s to any o!r c\rt ( appeals4 ,su* appeal %all be tak5 by ! fil+ ( a notice ( appeal )9 #aj days ( ! entry ( ! f9al decision4 ,a f9al decision by ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals may be review$ by ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by writ ( c]tior>i4 7b7 ,exp$it$ ,consid]ation ,9 any action br\ght "u ?is section1 x %all be ! duty ( ! di/rict c\rt1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit1 & ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7if x *ooses to he> ! action7 to advance on ! docket & to exp$ite to ! greate/ possible ext5t ! disposition ( ! action & appeal4 7c7 ,rem$ies 7#a7 ,adoption ( replacem5t plan 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! di/rict c\rt 9 an action "u ?is section f9ds t ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan ( a ,/ate violates1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ! requirem5ts ( ?is title-- 7i7 ! c\rt %all adopt a replacem5t congressional r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate 9 accordance ) ! process set =? 9 section #ajje2 or 7ii7 if circum/ances w>rant & no delay to an upcom+ regul>ly s*$ul$ election = ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate w\ld result1 ! di/rict c\rt1 9 its discretion1 may all[ a ,/ate to develop & propose a rem$ial congressional r$i/rict+ plan = review by ! c\rt to det]m9e :e!r ! plan is 9 compliance ) ?is title1 except t-- 7,i7 ! ,/ate may n develop & propose a rem$ial plan "u ?is clause if ! c\rt det]m9es t ! congressional r$i/rict+ plan ( ! ,/ate 0 enact$ ) discrim9atory int5t 9 violation ( ! ,con/itution or section #ajjc7;b72 & 7,,ii7 no?+ 9 ?is clause may be con/ru$ to p]mit a ,/ate to use su* a rem$ial plan :i* has n be5 approv$ by ! c\rt4 7,b7 ,prohibit+ use ( plans 9 violation ( requirem5ts ,no c\rt %all ord] a ,/ate to use a congressional r$i/rict+ plan :i* violates1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ! requirem5ts ( ?is title1 or to conduct an election "u t]ms & conditions :i* violate1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ! requirem5ts ( ?is title4 7,c7 ,special rule 9 case f9al adjudication n expect$ )9 #c mon?s ( election 7i7 ,duty ( c\rt ,if f9al adjudication ( an action "u ?is section is n reasonably expect$ to be complet$ at lea/ #c mon?s prior to ! next regul>ly s*$ul$ prim>y election = ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate1 ! di/rict c\rt %all-- 7,i7 develop1 adopt1 & ord] ! use ( an int]im congressional r$i/rict+ plan 9 accordance ) section #ajje7;f7 to address any claims "u ?is title = :i* a p>ty seek+ relief has demon/rat$ a sub/antial likelihood ( success2 or 7,,ii7 ord] adju/m5ts to ! tim+ ( prim>y elections = ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & o!r relat$ deadl9es1 z ne$$1 to all[ suffici5t opportunity = adjudication ( ! matt] & adoption ( a rem$ial or replacem5t plan = use 9 ! next regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al elections = ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 7ii7 ,prohibit+ failure to act on gr\nds ( p5d5cy ( election ,! c\rt may n refuse to take any action describ$ 9 clause 7i7 on ! gr\nds ( ! p5d5cy ( ! next election held 9 ! ,/ate or ! pot5tial = disruption1 confusion1 or additional burd5s ) respect to ! adm9i/ration ( ! election 9 ! ,/ate4 7#b7 ,no /ay p5d+ appeal ,not)/&+ ! appeal ( an ord] f9d+ t a congressional r$i/rict+ plan ( a ,/ate violates1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ! requirem5ts ( ?is title1 no /ay %all issue :i* %all b> ! developm5t or adoption ( a replacem5t or rem$ial plan "u ?is subsection1 z may be direct$ by ! di/rict c\rt1 p5d+ su* appeal4 ,if su* a replacem5t or rem$ial plan has be5 adopt$1 no appellate c\rt may /ay or o!rwise enjo9 ! use ( su* plan dur+ ! p5d5cy ( an appeal1 except ^u an ord] hold+1 bas$ on ! record1 t adoption ( su* plan 0 an abuse ( discretion4 7#c7 ,special au?ority ( ,c\rt ( ,appeals 7,a7 ,ord]+ ( new rem$ial plan ,if1 ^u consid]ation ( an appeal "u ?is title1 ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals det]m9es t a plan does n comply ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title1 x %all direct t ! ,di/rict ,c\rt promptly develop a new rem$ial plan ) assi/ance ( a special ma/] = consid]ation by ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals4 7,b7 ,failure ( di/rict c\rt to take timely action ,if1 at any po9t dur+ ! p5d5cy ( an action "u ?is section1 ! ,di/rict ,c\rt fails to take action necess>y to p]mit resolution ( ! case prior to ! next regul>ly s*$ul$ election = ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate or fails to grant ! relief describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,c71 any p>ty may seek a writ ( m&amus f ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit4 ,! ,c\rt ( ,appeals %all h jurisdiction ov] ! motion = a writ ( m&amus & %all e/abli% an exp$it$ brief+ & he>+ s*$ule = resolution ( ! motion4 ,if ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals det]m9es t a writ %\ld be grant$1 ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals %all take any action necess>y1 includ+ develop+ a congressional r$i/rict+ plan ) assi/ance ( a special ma/] to ensure t a rem$ial plan is adopt$ 9 "t = use 9 ! next regul>ly s*$ul$ election = ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate4 7#d7 ,effect ( enactm5t ( replacem5t plan ,a ,/ate's enactm5t ( a r$i/rict+ plan :i* replaces a plan :i* is ! subject ( an action "u ?is section %all n be con/ru$ to limit or o!rwise affect ! au?ority ( ! c\rt to adjudicate or grant relief ) respect to any claims or issues n address$ by ! replacem5t plan1 includ+ claims t ! plan :i* is ! subject ( ! action 0 enact$1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ) discrim9atory int5t1 or claims to consid] :e!r relief %\ld be grant$ "u section #c7;c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;c77 bas$ on ! plan :i* is ! subject ( ! action4 7d7 ,attorney's ,fees ,9 a civil action "u ?is section1 ! c\rt may all[ ! prevail+ p>ty 7o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 reasonable attorney fees1 includ+ litigation exp5ses1 & co/s4 7e7 ,relation to ,o!r ,laws 7#a7 ,rights & rem$ies additional to o!r rights & rem$ies ,! rights & rem$ies e/abli%$ by ?is section are 9 addition to all o!r rights & rem$ies provid$ by law1 & nei!r ! rights & rem$ies e/abli%$ by ?is section nor any o!r provision ( ?is title %all sup]s$e1 re/rict1 or limit ! application ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq474 7#b7 ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife ,no?+ 9 ?is title au?orizes or requires conduct t is prohibit$ by ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq474 7f7 ,legislative privilege ,no p]son1 legislature1 or ,/ate may claim legislative privilege "u ei!r ,/ate or ,f$]al law 9 a civil action br\ght "u ?is section or 9 any o!r legal *all5ge1 "u ei!r ,/ate or ,f$]al law1 to a r$i/rict+ plan enact$ "u ?is title4 7g7 ,removal 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,at any "t1 a civil action br\ght 9 a ,/ate c\rt :i* ass]ts a claim = :i* ! di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates h exclusive jurisdiction "u ?is title may be remov$ by any p>ty 9 ! case1 includ+ an int]v5or1 by fil+1 9 ! di/rict c\rt = an applicable v5ue "u ?is section1 a notice ( removal sign$ pursuant to ,rule #aa ( ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,civil ,proc$ure conta9+ a %ort & pla9 /atem5t ( ! gr\nds = removal4 ,cons5t ( p>ties %all n be requir$ = removal4 7#b7 ,claims n )9 ! orig9al or supplem5tal jurisdiction ,if a civil action remov$ 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#a7 conta9s claims n )9 ! orig9al or supplem5tal jurisdiction ( ! di/rict c\rt1 ! di/rict c\rt %all sev] all su* claims & rem& !m to ! ,/ate c\rt f :i* ! action 0 remov$4 #ajjh4 ,no effect on elections = ,/ate & local (fice ,no?+ 9 ?is title or 9 any am5dm5t made by ?is title may be con/ru$ to affect ! mann] 9 :i* a ,/ate c>ries out elections = ,/ate or local (fice1 includ+ ! process by :i* a ,/ate e/abli%es ! di/ricts us$ 9 su* elections4 #ajji4 ,effective date 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,?is title & ! am5dm5ts made by ?is title %all apply on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is title4 7b7 ,application to ,congressional r$i/rict+ plans result+ f #bjbj dec5nial c5sus ,not)/&+ subsection 7a71 ?is title & ! am5dm5ts made by ?is title1 o!r ?an section #ajjd1 %all apply ) respect to ea* congressional r$i/rict+ plan enact$ pursuant to ! notice ( apportionm5t transmitt$ to ! ,presid5t on ,april #bf1 #bjba1 )\t reg>d to :e!r or n a ,/ate enact$ su* a plan prior to ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 ,,xi ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act #aaja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjbe4 #aajb4 ,vote dilution1 d5ial1 & abridgm5t claims 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #b7;a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja7;a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by ins]t+ aft] appli$ by any ,/ate or political subdivision ! foll[+3 = ! purpose (1 or2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ z provid$ 9 subsection 7b7 & ins]t+ z provid$ 9 subsection 7b71 7c71 7d71 or 7f74 7b7 ,vote dilution ,section #b7;b7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja7;b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by ins]t+ aft] ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 ! foll[+3 = vote dilution2 7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] ! p]iod at ! end ! foll[+3 ,= ! purposes ( ?is subsection32 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new p>agraphs3 7#a7 ,to prevail 9 demon/rat+ t a repres5tational1 di/rict+1 or apportionm5t s*eme results 9 vote dilution1 a pla9tiff %all1 z a ?re%old matt]1 e/abli% t-- 7,a7 ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class are suffici5tly num]\s & geographically compact to con/itute a majority 9 a s+le-memb] di/rict2 7,b7 ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class are politically cohesive2 & 7,c7 ! resid5ts ( t di/rict :o are n ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class usually vote suffici5tly z a bloc to enable !m to defeat ! pref]r$ c&idates ( ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class4 7#b7 ,^u a pla9tiff e/abli%+ ! requir$ ?re%old %[+ "u p>agraph 7#a71 a c\rt %all conduct a totality ( ! circum/ances analysis ) respect to a claim ( vote dilution to det]m9e :e!r !re 0 a violation ( subsection 7a71 :i* %all include ! foll[+ factors3 7,a7 ,! ext5t ( any hi/ory ( (ficial vot+ discrim9ation 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision t affect$ ! "r ( memb]s ( ! protect$ class to regi/]1 to vote1 or o!rwise to p>ticipate 9 ! political process4 7,b7 ,! ext5t to :i* vot+ 9 ! elections ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision is racially pol>iz$4 7,c7 ,! ext5t to :i* ! ,/ate or political subdivision has us$ vot+ practices or proc$ures t t5d to enhance ! opportunity = discrim9ation aga9/ ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class1 su* z unusually l>ge election di/ricts1 majority vote requirem5ts1 anti-s+le %ot provisions1 or o!r qualifications1 pr]equisites1 /&>ds1 practices1 or proc$ures t may enhance ! opportunity = discrim9ation aga9/ ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class4 7,d7 ,if !re is a c&idate slat+ process1 :e!r ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class h be5 d5i$ access to t process4 7,e7 ,! ext5t to :i* memb]s ( ! protect$ class 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision be> ! effects ( discrim9ation1 bo? public or private1 9 su* areas z education1 employm5t1 heal?1 h\s+1 & transportation1 :i* h9d] _! ability to p>ticipate effectively 9 ! political process4 7,f7 ,:e!r political campaigns h be5 *>act]iz$ by ov]t or subtle racial appeals4 7,g7 ,! ext5t to :i* memb]s ( ! protect$ class h be5 elect$ to public (fice 9 ! jurisdiction4 7#c7 ,9 conduct+ a totality ( ! circum/ances analysis "u p>agraph 7#b71 a c\rt may consid] su* o!r factors z ! c\rt may det]m9e to be relevant1 includ+-- 7,a7 :e!r !re is a significant lack ( responsiv5ess on ! "p ( elect$ (ficials to ! p>ticul>iz$ ne$s ( ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class1 includ+ a lack ( conc]n = or responsiv5ess to ! reque/s & proposals ( ! memb]s ( ! protect$ class1 except t compliance ) a c\rt ord] may n be consid]$ evid5ce ( responsiv5ess on ! "p ( ! jurisdiction2 & 7,b7 :e!r ! policy und]ly+ ! ,/ate or political subdivision's use ( su* vot+ qualification1 pr]equisite to vot+1 or /&>d1 practice or proc$ure is t5u\s4 ,9 mak+ ?is det]m9ation1 a c\rt %all consid] :e!r ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 "q 0 design$ to advance & mat]ially advances a valid & sub/antiat$ ,/ate int]e/4 7#d7 ,a class ( citiz5s protect$ by subsection 7a7 may include a cohesive coalition ( memb]s ( diff]5t racial or language m9ority gr\ps4 2 & 7#d7 ,vote d5ial or abridgem5t ,section #b ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja71 z am5d$ by subsections 7a7 & 7b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7c7 7#a7 ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 result+ 9 vote d5ial or abridgm5t is e/abli%$ if ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure-- 7,a7 results or w result 9 memb]s ( a protect$ class fac+ great] co/s or burd5s 9 p>ticipat+ 9 ! political process ?an o!r vot]s2 & 7,b7 ! great] co/s or burd5s are1 at lea/ 9 "p1 caus$ by or l9k$ to social & hi/orical conditions t h produc$ or produce on ! date ( su* *all5ge discrim9ation aga9/ memb]s ( ! protect$ class4 ,9 det]m9+ ! exi/5ce ( a burd5 = purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a71 ! absolute numb] or ! p]c5t ( vot]s affect$ or ! pres5ce ( vot]s :o are n memb]s ( a protect$ class 9 ! affect$ area %all n be dispositive1 & ! affect$ area may be small] ?an ! jurisdiction to :i* ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure applies4 7#b7 ,! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ne$ only be a b-= cause ( ! discrim9atory result describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 or p]petuate pre-exi/+ burd5s or co/s4 7#c7 7,a7 ,! factors t are relevant to a totality ( ! circum/ances analysis ) respect to a claim ( vote d5ial or abridgem5t pursuant to ?is subsection include ! foll[+3 7i7 ,! ext5t ( any hi/ory ( (ficial vot+-relat$ discrim9ation 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision t affect$ ! "r ( memb]s ( ! protect$ class to regi/]1 to vote1 or o!rwise to p>ticipate 9 ! political process4 7ii7 ,! ext5t to :i* vot+ 9 ! elections ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision is racially pol>iz$4 7iii7 ,! ext5t to :i* ! ,/ate or political subdivision has us$ photographic vot] id5tification requirem5ts1 docum5t>y pro( ( citiz5%ip requirem5ts1 docum5t>y pro( ( resid5ce requirem5ts1 or o!r vot+ practices or proc$ures1 beyond ^? requir$ by ,f$]al law1 t impair ! ability ( memb]s ( ! m9ority gr\p to p>ticipate fully 9 ! political process4 7iv7 ,! ext5t to :i* m9ority gr\p memb]s be> ! effects ( discrim9ation1 bo? public or private1 9 areas su* z education1 employm5t1 heal?1 h\s+1 & transportation1 :i* h9d] _! ability to p>ticipate effectively 9 ! political process4 7v7 ,! use ( ov]t or subtle racial appeals ei!r 9 political campaigns or surr\nd+ adoption or ma9t5ance ( ! *all5g$ practice4 7vi7 ,! ext5t to :i* memb]s ( ! m9ority gr\p h be5 elect$ to public (fice 9 ! jurisdiction1 provid$ t ! fact t ! m9ority gr\p is too small to elect c&idates ( its *oice %all n defeat a claim ( vote d5ial or abridgm5t4 7vii7 ,:e!r !re is a lack ( responsiv5ess on ! "p ( elect$ (ficials to ! p>ticul>iz$ ne$s ( m9ority gr\p memb]s1 includ+ a lack ( conc]n = or responsiv5ess to ! reque/s & proposals ( ! gr\p1 except t compliance ) a c\rt ord] may n be consid]$ evid5ce ( responsiv5ess on ! "p ( ! jurisdiction4 7viii7 ,:e!r ! policy und]ly+ ! ,/ate or political subdivision's use ( ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure is t5u\s4 ,9 mak+ a det]m9ation "u ?is clause1 a c\rt %all consid] :e!r ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 "q 0 design$ to advance & mat]ially advances a valid & sub/antiat$ ,/ate int]e/4 7ix7 ,subject to p>agraph 7#d71 su* o!r factors z ! c\rt may det]m9e to be relevant4 7,b7 ,! factors describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 individually & collectively1 %all be consid]$ z a means ( e/abli%+ t a vot+ practice amplifies ! effects ( pa/ or pres5t discrim9ation 9 violation 9 subsection 7a74 7,c7 ,a pla9tiff ne$ n %[ any p>ticul> comb9ation or numb] ( factors to e/abli% a violation ( subsection 7a74 7#d7 ,! factors t are relevant to a totality ( ! circum/ances analysis ) respect to a claim ( vote d5ial or abridgem5t d n include ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,! degree to :i* ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure has a long p$igree or 0 9 widespread use at "s e>li] date4 7,b7 ,! use ( an id5tical or simil> qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 o!r ,/ates or jurisdictions4 7,c7 ,! availability ( o!r =ms ( vot+ unimpact$ by ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure to all memb]s ( ! electorate1 includ+ memb]s ( ! protect$ class1 unless ! jurisdiction is simultane\sly exp&+ su* o!r practices to elim9ate any disproportionate burd5 impos$ by ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure4 7,d7 ,unsub/antiat$ def5ses t ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure is necess>y to address crim9al activity4 7d7 7#a7 ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 = ! purpose ( vote d5ial or abridgem5t is e/abli%$ if ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure is int5d$1 at lea/ 9 "p1 to dilute m9ority vot+ /r5g? or to d5y or abridge ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b74 7#b7 ,discrim9ation on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b7 ne$ only be "o purpose ( a qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure to demon/rate a violation ( subsection 7a74 7#c7 ,a qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure int5d$ to dilute m9ority vot+ /r5g? or to make x m difficult = m9ority vot]s to ca/ a ballot t w be c\nt$ violates ?is subsection ev5 if an additional purpose ( ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure is to b5efit a p>ticul> political p>ty or gr\p4 7#d7 ,! context = ! adoption ( ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure1 includ+ actions by (ficial decisionmak]s be=e ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure1 may be relevant to a violation ( ?is subsection4 7#e7 ,claims "u ?is subsection require pro( ( a discrim9atory impact b d n require pro( ( a violation pursuant to subsection 7b7 or 7c74 7e7 ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m affect$ area means any geographic area1 9 :i* memb]s ( a protect$ class are affect$ by a qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure alleg$ly 9 violation ( ?is section1 )9 a ,/ate 7includ+ any ,indian l&s74 4 #aajc4 ,retrogression ,section #b ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 z am5d$ by section #aajb ( ?is subtitle1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7f7 ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 is e/abli%$ :5 a ,/ate or political subdivision enacts or seeks to adm9i/] any qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ 9 any election t has ! purpose ( or w h ! effect ( dim9i%+ ! ability ( any citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on acc\nt ( race or color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b71 to p>ticipate 9 ! electoral process or elect _! pref]r$ c&idates ( *oice4 ,?is subsection applies to any action tak5 on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjba1 by a ,/ate or political subdivision to enact or seek to adm9i/] any su* qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice or proc$ure4 7g7 ,not)/&+ ! provisions ( subsection 7f71 f9al decisions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia on applications or petitions by ,/ates or political subdivisions = precle>ance "u section #e ( any *anges 9 vot+ pr]equisites1 /&>ds1 practices1 or proc$ures1 sup]s$e ! provisions ( subsection 7f74 4 #aajd4 ,violations trigg]+ au?ority ( c\rt to reta9 jurisdiction 7a7 ,types ( ,violations ,section #c7;c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ violations ( ! f\rte5? or fifte5? am5dm5t & ins]t+ violations ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t1 violations ( ?is ,act1 or violations ( any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation 9 vot+ on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p14 7b7 ,con=m+ ,am5dm5t ,section #c7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ violations ( ! f\rte5? or fifte5? am5dm5t & ins]t+ violations ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t1 violations ( ?is ,act1 or violations ( any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation 9 vot+ on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p14 #aaje4 ,crit]ia = cov]age ( ,/ates & political subdivisions 7a7 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,section #d7;a7 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #d7;b7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;b77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 7b7 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,requirem5ts 7#a7 ,exi/5ce ( vot+ rights violations dur+ previ\s #be ye>s 7,a7 ,/atewide application ,subsection 7a7 applies ) respect to a ,/ate & all political subdivisions )9 ! ,/ate dur+ a cal5d> ye> if-- 7i7 fifte5 or m vot+ rights violations occurr$ 9 ! ,/ate dur+ ! previ\s #be cal5d> ye>s2 7ii7 t5 or m vot+ rights violations occurr$ 9 ! ,/ate dur+ ! previ\s #be cal5d> ye>s1 at lea/ "o ( :i* 0 committ$ by ! ,/ate itself 7z oppos$ to a political subdivision )9 ! ,/ate72 or 7iii7 ?ree or m vot+ rights violations occurr$ 9 ! ,/ate dur+ ! previ\s #be cal5d> ye>s & ! ,/ate itself adm9i/]s ! elections 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivisions 9 :i* ! vot+ rights violations occurr$4 7,b7 ,application to specific political subdivisions ,subsection 7a7 applies ) respect to a political subdivision z a sep>ate unit dur+ a cal5d> ye> if ?ree or m vot+ rights violations occurr$ 9 ! subdivision dur+ ! previ\s #be cal5d> ye>s4 7#b7 ,p]iod ( application 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 if1 pursuant to p>agraph 7#a71 subsection 7a7 applies ) respect to a ,/ate or political subdivision dur+ a cal5d> ye>1 subsection 7a7 %all apply ) respect to su* ,/ate or political subdivision = ! p]iod-- 7i7 t beg9s on ,janu>y #a ( ! ye> 9 :i* subsection 7a7 applies2 & 7ii7 t ends on ! date :i* is #aj ye>s aft] ! date describ$ 9 clause 7i74 7,b7 ,no fur!r application aft] decl>atory judgm5t 7i7 ,/ates ,if a ,/ate obta9s a decl>atory judgm5t "u subsection 7a71 & ! judgm5t rema9s 9 effect1 subsection 7a7 %all no long] apply to su* ,/ate pursuant to p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 unless1 aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t1 p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 applies to ! ,/ate solely on ! basis ( vot+ rights violations occurr+ aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t4 7ii7 ,political subdivisions ,if a political subdivision obta9s a decl>atory judgm5t "u subsection 7a71 & ! judgm5t rema9s 9 effect1 subsection 7a7 %all no long] apply to su* political subdivision pursuant to p>agraph 7#a71 includ+ pursuant to p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 7relat+ to ! /atewide application ( subsection 7a771 unless1 aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t1 p>agraph 7#a77;,b7 applies to ! political subdivision solely on ! basis ( vot+ rights violations occurr+ aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t4 7#c7 ,det]m9ation ( vot+ rights violation ,= purposes ( p>agraph 7#a71 a vot+ rights violation occurr$ 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision if any ( ! foll[+ applies3 7,a7 ,judicial relief2 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t ,any f9al judgm5t1 or any prelim9>y1 tempor>y1 or decl>atory relief 7t 0 n rev]s$ on appeal71 9 :i* ! pla9tiff prevail$ or a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f\nd t ! pla9tiff demon/rat$ a likelihood ( success on ! m]its or rais$ a s]i\s "q ) reg>d to race discrim9ation1 9 :i* any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates det]m9$ t a d5ial or abridgem5t ( ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p occurr$1 or t a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ creat$ an undue burd5 on ! "r to vote 9 connection ) a claim t ! law unduly burd5$ vot]s ( a p>ticul> race1 color1 or language m9ority gr\p1 9 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t1 any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision4 7,b7 ,judicial relief2 violations ( ?is ,act ,any f9al judgm5t1 or any prelim9>y1 tempor>y1 or decl>atory relief 7t 0 n rev]s$ on appeal7 9 :i* ! pla9tiff prevail$ or a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f\nd t ! pla9tiff demon/rat$ a likelihood ( success on ! m]its or rais$ a s]i\s "q ) reg>d to race discrim9ation1 9 :i* any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates det]m9$ t a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ 0 impos$ or appli$ or w\ld h be5 impos$ or appli$ any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision 9 a mann] t result$ or w\ld h result$ 9 a d5ial or abridgem5t ( ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 9 violation ( subsection #d7;e7 or #d7;f7 or section #b1 #bja1 or #bjc ( ?is ,act4 7,c7 ,f9al judgm5t2 ,d5ial ( decl>atory judgm5t ,9 a f9al judgm5t 7t 0 n be5 rev]s$ on appeal71 any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has d5i$ ! reque/ ( ! ,/ate or subdivision = a decl>atory judgm5t "u section #c7;c7 or section #e1 & !reby prev5t$ a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ f be+ en=c$ any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision4 7,d7 ,objection by ! ,attorney ,g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al has int]pos$ an objection "u section #c7;c7 or section #e1 & !reby prev5t$ a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ f be+ en=c$ any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision4 ,a violation p] ?is subsection has n occurr$ :]e an objection has be5 )drawn by ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 unless ! )drawal 0 9 response to a *ange 9 ! law or practice t s]v$ z ! basis ( ! objection4 ,a violation "u ?is subsection has n occurr$ :]e ! objection is bas$ solely on a ,/ate or political subdivision's failure to comply ) a proc$ural process t w\ld n o!rwise con/itute an indep5d5t violation ( ?is ,act4 7,e7 ,cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or o!r agreem5t ,a cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or o!r agreem5t 0 adopt$ or ent]$ by a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or conta9$ an admission ( liability by ! def5dants1 :i* result$ 9 ! alt]ation or ab&onm5t ( a vot+ practice any:]e 9 ! t]ritory ( su* ,/ate or subdivision t 0 *all5g$ on ! gr\nd t ! practice d5i$ or abridg$ ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 violation ( subsection #d7;e7 or #d7;f7 or section #b1 #bja1 or #bjc ( ?is ,act1 or ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t4 ,an ext5sion or modification ( an agreem5t z def9$ by ?is subsection t has be5 9 place = t5 ye>s or long] %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation4 ,if a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f9ds t an agreem5t itself z def9$ by ?is subsection d5i$ or abridg$ ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 violat$ subsection #d7;e7 or #d7;f7 or section #b1 #bja1 or #bjc ( ?is ,act1 or creat$ an undue burd5 on ! "r to vote 9 connection ) a claim t ! cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or o!r agreem5t unduly burd5$ vot]s ( a p>ticul> race1 color1 or language m9ority gr\p1 t f9d+ %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation4 7,f7 ,multiple violations ,ea* vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 includ+ ea* r$i/rict+ plan1 f\nd to be a violation by a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates pursuant to subsection 7a7 or 7b71 or prev5t$ f en=cem5t pursuant to subsection 7c7 or 7d71 or alt]$ or ab&on$ pursuant to subsection 7e7 %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation4 ,)9 a r$i/rict+ plan1 ea* violation f\nd to discrim9ate aga9/ any gr\p ( vot]s bas$ on race1 color1 or language m9ority gr\p %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation4 7#d7 ,tim+ ( det]m9ations 7,a7 ,det]m9ations ( vot+ rights violations ,z e>ly z practicable dur+ ea* cal5d> ye>1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all make ! det]m9ations requir$ by ?is subsection1 includ+ updat+ ! li/ ( vot+ rights violations occurr+ 9 ea* ,/ate & political subdivision = ! previ\s cal5d> ye>4 7,b7 ,effective ^u publication 9 ,f$]al ,regi/] ,a det]m9ation or c]tification ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u ?is section or "u section #h or #ac %all be effective ^u publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]4 4 7#b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,section #d7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;a77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce ( ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ any ,/ate ) respect to :i* & all t foll[s ?r\gh unless & ins]t+ any ,/ate to :i* ?is subsection applies dur+ a cal5d> ye> pursuant to det]m9ations made "u subsection 7b71 or 9 any political subdivision ( su* ,/ate 7z su* subdivision exi/$ on ! date su* det]m9ations 7 made ) respect to su* ,/ate71 ?\gh su* det]m9ations 7 n made ) respect to su* subdivision z a sep>ate unit1 or 9 any political subdivision ) respect to :i* ?is subsection applies dur+ a cal5d> ye> pursuant to det]m9ations made ) respect to su* subdivision z a sep>ate unit "u subsection 7b71 unless2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#a7 9 ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ ! second s5t5ce2 7,c7 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision seek+ a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,d7 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision seek+ a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,e7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision seek+ a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,f7 9 p>agraph 7#e71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision :i* s\ght a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,g7 by /rik+ p>agraphs 7#g7 & 7#h72 & 7,h7 by r$esignat+ p>agraph 7#i7 z p>agraph 7#g74 7b7 ,cl>ification ( ,treatm5t ( ,memb]s ( ,language ,m9ority ,gr\ps ,section #d7;a77#a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;a77#a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ race or color1 & ins]t+ race1 color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees ( subsection 7f77#b714 7c7 ,adm9i/rative bail\t 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #d ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7g7 ,adm9i/rative bail\t 7#a7 ,det]m9ation ( eligibility 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,aft] mak+ a det]m9ation "u subsection 7b77#a77;,a7 t ! provisions ( subsection 7a7 apply ) respect to a ,/ate & all political subdivisions )9 ! ,/ate1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all det]m9e if any political subdivision ( ! ,/ate is eligible = an exemption "u ?is subsection1 & %all publi%1 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]1 a li/ ( all su* political subdivisions4 ,any political subdivision includ$ on su* li/ is n subject to any requirem5t "u section #e until ! date on :i* any application "u ?is section has be5 f9ally dispos$ ( or no su* application may be made4 7,b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection may be con/ru$ to provide-- 7i7 t ! det]m9ations made pursuant to ! creation ( ! li/ %all h any b9d+ or preclusive effect2 or 7ii7 t inclusion on ! li/-- 7,i7 con/itutes a f9al det]m9ation by ! ,attorney ,g5]al t ! li/ee is eligible = an exemption pursuant to ?is subsection or t1 9 ! case ( ! li/ee1 ! provisions ( subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,f7 ( subsection 7a77#a7 are satisfi$2 or 7,,ii7 entitles ! li/ee to any exemption pursuant to ?is subsection4 7#b7 ,eligibility ,a political subdivision t submits an application "u p>agraph 7#c7 %all be eligible = an exemption "u ?is subsection only if1 dur+ ! t5 ye>s prec$+ ! fil+ ( ! application1 & dur+ ! p5d5cy ( su* application-- 7,a7 no te/ or device ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7a77#a7 has be5 us$ )9 su* political subdivision = ! purpose or ) ! effect ( d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( race or color or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees ( subsection 7f77#b72 7,b7 no f9al judgm5t ( any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 o!r ?an ! d5ial ( decl>atory judgm5t "u ?is section1 has det]m9$ t d5ials or abridgem5ts ( ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( race or color h occurr$ any:]e 9 ! t]ritory ( su* political subdivision or t d5ials or abridgem5ts ( ! "r to vote 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees ( subsection 7f77#b7 h occurr$ any:]e 9 ! t]ritory ( su* subdivision & no cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or agreem5t has be5 ent]$ into result+ 9 any ab&onm5t ( a vot+ practice *all5g$ on su* gr\nds2 & no decl>atory judgm5t "u ?is section %all be ent]$ dur+ ! p5d5cy ( an action comm5c$ be=e ! fil+ ( an action "u ?is section & alleg+ su* d5ials or abridgem5ts ( ! "r to vote2 7,c7 no ,f$]al exam9]s or obs]v]s "u ?is ,act h be5 assign$ to su* political subdivision2 7,d7 su* political subdivision & all gov]nm5tal units )9 its t]ritory h compli$ ) section #e ( ?is ,act1 includ+ compliance ) ! requirem5t t no *ange cov]$ by section #e has be5 en=c$ )\t precle>ance "u section #e1 & h repeal$ all *anges cov]$ by section #e to :i* ! ,attorney ,g5]al has successfully object$ or z to :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia has d5i$ a decl>atory judgm5t2 7,e7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al has n int]pos$ any objection 7t has n be5 ov]turn$ by a f9al judgm5t ( a c\rt7 & no decl>atory judgm5t has be5 d5i$ "u section #e1 ) respect to any submission by or on behalf ( ! pla9tiff or any gov]nm5tal unit )9 its t]ritory "u section #e1 & no su* submissions or decl>atory judgm5t actions are p5d+2 & 7,f7 su* political subdivision & all gov]nm5tal units )9 its t]ritory-- 7i7 h elim9at$ vot+ proc$ures & me?ods ( election :i* inhibit or dilute equal access to ! electoral process2 7ii7 h engag$ 9 con/ructive ef=ts to elim9ate intimidation & h>assm5t ( p]sons ex]cis+ rights protect$ "u ?is ,act2 & 7iii7 h engag$ 9 o!r con/ructive ef=ts1 su* z exp&$ opportunity = conv5i5t regi/ration & vot+ = e p]son ( vot+ age & ! appo9tm5t ( m9ority p]sons z election (ficials ?r\gh\t ! jurisdiction & at all /ages ( ! election & regi/ration process4 7#c7 ,application p]iod ,n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! publication ( ! li/ "u p>agraph 7#a71 a political subdivision includ$ on su* li/ may submit an application1 conta9+ su* in=mation z ! ,attorney ,g5]al may require1 = an exemption "u ?is subsection4 ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all provide notice 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] ( su* application4 7#d7 ,comm5t p]iod ,dur+ ! #ij-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! date t notice is publi%$ "u p>agraph 7#c71 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all give int]e/$ p]sons an opportunity to submit objections to ! issuance ( an exemption "u ?is subsection to a political subdivision on ! basis t ! political subdivision is n eligible "u p>agraph 7#b7 to ! ,attorney ,g5]al4 ,dur+ ! #a-ye> p]iod beg9n+ on ! effective date ( ?is subsection1 su* #ij-;day p]iod %all be ext5d$ by an additional #cj days4 ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all notify ! political subdivision ( ea* objection submitt$ & af=d ! political subdivision an opportunity to respond4 7#e7 ,det]m9ation z to objections ,9 ! case ( a political subdivision ) respect to :i* an objection has be5 submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#d71 ! foll[+ %all apply3 7,a7 ,consid]ation ( objections ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all consid] & respond to ea* su* objection 7& any response ( ! political subdivision !reto7 dur+ ! #fj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! day aft] ! comm5t p]iod "u p>agraph 7#d7 concludes4 7,b7 ,ju/ifi$ objections ,if ! ,attorney ,g5]al det]m9es t any su* objection is ju/ifi$1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all publi% notice 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] d5y+ ! application = an exemption "u ?is subsection4 7,c7 ,unju/ifi$ objections ,if ! ,attorney ,g5]al det]m9es t no objection submitt$ is ju/ifi$1 ea* p]son t submitt$ su* an objection may1 n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! end ( ! p]iod e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 file1 9 ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 an action = judicial review ( su* det]m9ation 9 accordance ) *apt] #g ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#f7 ,exemption ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may issue an exemption1 by publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]1 f ! application ( ! provisions ( subsection 7a7 ) respect to a political subdivision t-- 7,a7 is eligible "u p>agraph 7#b72 & 7,b7 ) respect to :i* no objection "u 0 submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#d7 or det]m9$ to be ju/ifi$ "u p>agraph 7#e74 7#g7 ,judicial review ,except z o!rwise explicitly provid$ 9 ?is subsection1 no det]m9ation "u ?is subsection %all be subject to review by any c\rt1 & all det]m9ations "u ?is subsection are committ$ to ! discretion ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al4 7#h7 ,sav+s clause ,if a political subdivision 0 n subject to ! application ( ! provisions ( subsection 7a7 by reason ( a decl>atory judgm5t ent]$ prior to ! effective date ( ?is subsection1 & su* political subdivision has n violat$ any eligibility requirem5t set =? 9 p>agraph 7#b7 at any "t !reaft]1 !n t political subdivision %all n be subject to ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7a74 4 7#b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #d7;a77#a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;a77#a771 z am5d$ by ?is subtitle1 is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia issues a decl>atory judgm5t "u ?is section ! foll[+3 1 or1 9 ! case ( a political subdivision1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al issues an exemption "u subsection 7g74 7,b7 ,expiration ( "t limit ,on ! date t is #a ye> aft] ! effective date ( ?is subsection1 section #d7;g77#c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;g77#c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,dur+ ! #a ye> p]iod beg9n+ on ! effective date ( ?is subsection1 su* #ij-;day p]iod %all be ext5d$ by an additional #cj days44 ,= purposes ( any p]iods "u su* section comm5c$ z ( su* date1 ! #ij-;day p]iod %all rema9 ext5d$ by an additional #cj days4 #aajf4 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,precle>ance = ,cov]$ ,practices ,! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq47 is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #d ! foll[+3 #d;,a4 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,precle>ance = ,cov]$ ,practices 7a7 ,practice-,bas$ precle>ance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* ,/ate & ea* political subdivision %all-- 7,a7 id5tify any newly enact$ or adopt$ law1 regulation1 or policy t includes a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+1 or a /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 t is a cov]$ practice describ$ 9 subsection 7b72 & 7,b7 ensure t no su* cov]$ practice is implem5t$ unless or until ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 z ! case may be1 complies ) subsection 7c74 7#b7 ,det]m9ations ( *>act]i/ics ( vot+-age population 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,z e>ly z practicable dur+ ea* cal5d> ye>1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 9 consultation ) ! ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus & ! heads ( o!r relevant (fices ( ! gov]nm5t1 %all make ! det]m9ations requir$ by ?is section reg>d+ vot+-age populations & ! *>act]i/ics ( su* populations1 & %all publi% a li/ ( ! ,/ates & political subdivisions to :i* a vot+-age population *>act]i/ic describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 applies4 7,b7 ,publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] ,a det]m9ation or c]tification ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u ?is p>agraph %all be effective ^u publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]4 7b7 ,cov]$ practices ,to ensure t ! "r ( citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote is n d5i$ or abridg$ on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p z a result ( ! implem5tation ( c]ta9 qualifications or pr]equisites to vot+1 or /&>ds1 practices1 or proc$ures ) respect to vot+ newly adopt$ 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ! foll[+ %all be cov]$ practices subject to ! requirem5ts describ$ 9 subsection 7a73 7#a7 ,*anges to me?od ( election ,any *ange to ! me?od ( election-- 7,a7 to add seats elect$ at-l>ge 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision :]e-- 7i7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! political subdivision's vot+-age population2 or 7ii7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! political subdivision2 or 7,b7 to conv]t "o or m seats elect$ f a s+le-memb] di/rict to "o or m at-l>ge seats or seats f a multi-memb] di/rict 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision :]e-- 7i7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! political subdivision's vot+-age population2 or 7ii7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! political subdivision4 7#b7 ,*anges to jurisdiction b\nd>ies ,any *ange or s]ies ( *anges )9 a ye> to ! b\nd>ies ( a jurisdiction t r$uces by #c or m p]c5tage po9ts ! proportion ( ! jurisdiction's vot+-age population t is compris$ ( memb]s ( a s+le racial gr\p or language m9ority gr\p 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision :]e-- 7,a7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! political subdivision's vot+-age population2 or 7,b7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! political subdivision4 7#c7 ,*anges ?r\gh r$i/rict+ ,any *ange to ! b\nd>ies ( election di/ricts 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision :]e any racial gr\p or language m9ority gr\p t is n ! l>ge/ racial gr\p or language m9ority gr\p 9 ! jurisdiction & t repres5ts #ae p]c5t or m ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision's vot+-age population exp]i5ces a population increase ( at lea/ #bj p]c5t ( its vot+-age population1 ov] ! prec$+ decade 7z calculat$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus71 9 ! jurisdiction4 7#d7 ,*anges 9 docum5tation or qualifications to vote ,any *ange to requirem5ts = docum5tation or pro( ( id5tity to vote or regi/] to vote t w exce$ or be m /r+5t ?an su* requirem5ts "u ,/ate law on ! day be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjbe2 & fur!r1 if a ,/ate has 9 effect a requirem5t t an individual pres5t id5tification z a condition ( receiv+ & ca/+ a ballot 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice1 if ! ,/ate does n p]mit ! individual to meet ! requirem5t & ca/ a ballot 9 ! election 9 ! same mann] z an individual :o pres5ts id5tification-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( an individual :o desires to vote 9 p]son1 by pres5t+ ! appropriate ,/ate or local election (ficial ) a sworn writt5 /atem5t1 sign$ by ! individual "u p5alty ( p]jury1 atte/+ to ! individual's id5tity & atte/+ t ! individual is eligible to vote 9 ! election2 & 7,b7 9 ! case ( an individual :o desires to vote by mail1 by submitt+ ) ! ballot ! /atem5t describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a74 7#e7 ,*anges to multil+ual vot+ mat]ials ,any *ange t r$uces multil+ual vot+ mat]ials or alt]s ! mann] 9 :i* su* mat]ials are provid$ or di/ribut$1 :]e no simil> r$uction or alt]ation occurs 9 mat]ials provid$ 9 ,engli% = su* election4 7#f7 ,*anges t r$uce1 consolidate1 or relocate vot+ locations1 or r$uce vot+ opportunities ,any *ange t r$uces1 consolidates1 or relocates vot+ locations1 includ+ e>ly1 abs5tee1 & election-day vot+ locations1 or r$uces days or h\rs ( 9-p]son vot+ on any ,sunday dur+ a p]iod occurr+ prior to ! date ( an election dur+ :i* vot]s may ca/ ballots 9 su* election1 or prohibits ! provision ( food or non-alcoholic dr9k to p]sons wait+ to vote 9 an election except :]e ! provision w\ld violate prohibitions on exp5ditures to influ5ce vot+-- 7,a7 9 "o or m c5sus tracts :]e9 two or m language m9ority gr\ps or racial gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population ( ! political subdivision2 or 7,b7 on ,indian l&s :]e9 at lea/ #bj p]c5t ( ! vot+-age population belongs to a s+le language m9ority gr\p4 7#g7 ,new li/ ma9t5ance process ,any *ange to ! ma9t5ance ( vot] regi/ration li/s t adds a new basis = removal f ! li/ ( active regi/]$ vot]s or t incorporates new s\rces ( in=mation 9 det]m9+ a vot]'s eligibility to vote1 :]e9 su* a *ange w\ld h a /ati/ically significant disp>ate impact on ! removal f vot] rolls ( memb]s ( racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps t con/itute great] ?an #e p]c5t ( ! vot+-age population-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( a political subdivision impos+ su* *ange if-- 7i7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population ( ! political subdivision2 or 7ii7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! political subdivision2 or 7,b7 9 ! case ( a ,/ate impos+ su* *ange1 if two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population (-- 7i7 ! ,/ate2 or 7ii7 a political subdivision 9 ! ,/ate1 except t ! requirem5ts "u subsections 7a7 & 7c7 %all apply only ) respect to ea* su* political subdivision4 7c7 ,precle>ance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,:5ev] a ,/ate or political subdivision ) respect to :i* ! requirem5ts set =? 9 subsection 7a7 are 9 effect %all enact1 adopt1 or seek to implem5t any cov]$ practice describ$ "u subsection 7b71 su* ,/ate or subdivision may in/itute an action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia = a decl>atory judgm5t t su* cov]$ practice nei!r has ! purpose nor w h ! effect ( d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 & unless & until ! c\rt ent]s su* judgm5t su* cov]$ practice %all n be implem5t$4 ,not)/&+ ! previ\s s5t5ce1 su* cov]$ practice may be implem5t$ )\t su* proce$+ if ! cov]$ practice has be5 submitt$ by ! *ief legal (fic] or o!r appropriate (ficial ( su* ,/ate or subdivision to ! ,attorney ,g5]al & ! ,attorney ,g5]al has n int]pos$ an objection )9 #fj days aft] su* submission1 or ^u good cause %[n1 to facilitate an exp$it$ approval )9 #fj days aft] su* submission1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al has affirmatively indicat$ t su* objection w n be made4 ,nei!r an affirmative indication by ! ,attorney ,g5]al t no objection w be made1 nor ! ,attorney ,g5]al's failure to object1 nor a decl>atory judgm5t ent]$ "u ?is section %all b> a subsequ5t action to enjo9 implem5tation ( su* cov]$ practice4 ,9 ! ev5t ! ,attorney ,g5]al affirmatively indicates t no objection w be made )9 ! #fj-;day p]iod foll[+ receipt ( a submission1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may res]ve ! "r to reexam9e ! submission if additional in=mation comes to ! ,attorney ,g5]al's att5tion dur+ ! rema9d] ( ! #fj-;day p]iod :i* w\ld o!rwise require objection 9 accordance ) ?is section4 ,any action "u ?is section %all be he>d & det]m9$ by a c\rt ( ?ree judges 9 accordance ) ! provisions ( section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 & any appeal %all lie to ! ,supreme ,c\rt4 7#b7 ,d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote ,any cov]$ practice describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 t has ! purpose ( or w h ! effect ( dim9i%+ ! ability ( any citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 to elect _! pref]r$ c&idates ( *oice d5ies or abridges ! "r to vote )9 ! mean+ ( p>agraph 7#a7 ( ?is subsection4 7#c7 ,purpose def9$ ,! t]m purpose 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#b7 ( ?is subsection %all include any discrim9atory purpose4 7#d7 ,purpose ( p>agraph 7#b7 ,! purpose ( p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is subsection is to protect ! ability ( su* citiz5s to elect _! pref]r$ c&idates ( *oice4 7d7 ,en=cem5t ,! ,attorney ,g5]al or any aggriev$ citiz5 may file an action 9 a ,f$]al di/rict c\rt to compel any ,/ate or political subdivision to satisfy ! obligations set =? 9 ?is section4 ,su* actions %all be he>d & det]m9$ by a c\rt ( ?ree judges "u section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,9 any su* action1 ! c\rt %all provide z a rem$y t any vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+1 or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 t is ! subject ( ! action "u ?is subsection be enjo9$ unless ! c\rt det]m9es t-- 7#a7 ! vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+1 or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 is n a cov]$ practice describ$ 9 subsection 7b72 or 7#b7 ! ,/ate or political subdivision has compli$ ) subsection 7c7 ) respect to ! cov]$ practice at issue4 7e7 ,c\nt+ ( racial gr\ps & language m9ority gr\ps ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! calculation ( ! population ( a racial gr\p or a language m9ority gr\p %all be c>ri$ out us+ ! me?odology 9 ! guidance promulgat$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] on ,febru>y #i1 #bjaa 7#gf ,f$4 ,reg4 #gdgj74 7f7 ,special rule ,= purposes ( det]m9ations "u ?is section1 any data provid$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus1 :e!r bas$ on e/imation f sample or actual enum]ation1 %all n be subject to *all5ge or review 9 any c\rt4 7g7 ,multil+ual vot+ mat]ials ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m multil+ual vot+ mat]ials means regi/ration or vot+ notices1 =ms1 in/ructions1 assi/ance1 or o!r mat]ials or in=mation relat+ to ! electoral process1 includ+ ballots1 provid$ 9 ! language or languages ( "o or m language m9ority gr\ps4 4 #aajg4 ,promot+ transp>5cy to en=ce ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act 7a7 ,transp>5cy 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #e ! foll[+ new section3 #f4 ,transp>5cy reg>d+ *anges to protect vot+ rights 7a7 ,notice ( enact$ *anges 7#a7 ,notice ( ,*anges ,if a ,/ate or political subdivision makes any *ange 9 any qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ 9 any election = ,f$]al (fice t w result 9 ! qualification or pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure be+ diff]5t f t :i* 0 9 effect z ( #ahj days be=e ! date ( ! election = ,f$]al (fice1 ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( a concise description ( ! *ange1 includ+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! *ang$ qualification or pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure & ! pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure :i* 0 previ\sly 9 effect4 ,! public notice describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph1 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 %all be 9 a =mat t is reasonably conv5i5t & accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7#b7 ,deadl9e = notice ,a ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide ! public notice requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 n lat] ?an #dh h\rs aft] mak+ ! *ange involv$4 7b7 ,transp>5cy ,reg>d+ ,poll+ ,place ,res\rces 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ord] to id5tify any *anges t may impact ! "r to vote ( any p]son1 prior to ! #cj? day be=e ! date ( an election = ,f$]al (fice1 ea* ,/ate or political subdivision ) responsibility = allocat+ regi/]$ vot]s1 vot+ ma*9es1 & (ficial poll work]s to p>ticul> prec9cts & poll+ places %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( ! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 = prec9cts & poll+ places )9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision4 ,! public notice describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph1 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 %all be 9 a =mat t is reasonably conv5i5t & accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7#b7 ,in=mation describ$ ,! in=mation describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph ) respect to a prec9ct or poll+ place is ea* ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,! "n or numb]4 7,b7 ,9 ! case ( a poll+ place1 ! location1 includ+ ! /reet address1 & :e!r su* poll+ place is accessible to p]sons ) disabilities4 7,c7 ,! vot+-age population ( ! area s]v$ by ! prec9ct or poll+ place1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p if su* breakd[n is reasonably available to su* ,/ate or political subdivision4 7,d7 ,! numb] ( regi/]$ vot]s assign$ to ! prec9ct or poll+ place1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p if su* breakd[n is reasonably available to su* ,/ate or political subdivision4 7,e7 ,! numb] ( vot+ ma*9es assign$1 includ+ ! numb] ( vot+ ma*9es accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7,f7 ,! numb] ( (ficial paid poll work]s assign$4 7,g7 ,! numb] ( (ficial volunte] poll work]s assign$4 7,h7 ,9 ! case ( a poll+ place1 ! dates & h\rs ( op]ation4 7#c7 ,updates 9 in=mation report$ ,if a ,/ate or political subdivision makes any *ange 9 any ( ! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( ! *ange 9 ! in=mation n lat] ?an #dh h\rs aft] ! *ange occurs or1 if ! *ange occurs few] ?an #dh h\rs be=e ! date ( ! election = ,f$]al (fice1 z soon z practicable aft] ! *ange occurs4 ,! public notice describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph & publi%$ on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision %all be 9 a =mat t is reasonably conv5i5t & accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7c7 ,transp>5cy ( ,*anges ,relat+ to ,demographics & ,electoral ,di/ricts 7#a7 ,requir+ public notice ( *anges ,n lat] ?an #aj days aft] mak+ any *ange 9 ! con/itu5cy t w p>ticipate 9 an election = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice or ! b\nd>ies ( a vot+ unit or electoral di/rict 9 an election = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice 7includ+ ?r\gh r$i/rict+1 reapportionm5t1 *ang+ f at-l>ge elections to di/rict-bas$ elections1 or *ang+ f di/rict-bas$ elections to at-l>ge elections71 a ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( ! demographic & electoral data describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c7 = ea* ( ! geographic areas describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b74 7#b7 ,geographic areas describ$ ,! geographic areas describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph are z foll[s3 7,a7 ,! ,/ate z a :ole1 if ! *ange applies /atewide1 or ! political subdivision z a :ole1 if ! *ange applies across ! entire political subdivision4 7,b7 ,if ! *ange includes a plan to replace or elim9ate vot+ units or electoral di/ricts1 ea* vot+ unit or electoral di/rict t w be replac$ or elim9at$4 7,c7 ,if ! *ange includes a plan to e/abli% new vot+ units or electoral di/ricts1 ea* su* new vot+ unit or electoral di/rict4 7#c7 ,demographic & electoral data ,! demographic & electoral data describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph ) respect to a geographic area describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 are ea* ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,! vot+-age population1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p4 7,b7 ,if x is reasonably available to ! ,/ate or political subdivision involv$1 an e/imate ( ! population ( ! area :i* consi/s ( citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o are #ah ye>s ( age or old]1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p4 7,c7 ,! numb] ( regi/]$ vot]s1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p if su* breakd[n is reasonably available to ! ,/ate or political subdivision involv$4 7,d7 7i7 ,if ! *ange applies to a ,/ate1 ! actual numb] ( votes1 or 7if x is n reasonably practicable = ! ,/ate to asc]ta9 ! actual numb] ( votes7 ! e/imat$ numb] ( votes receiv$ by ea* c&idate 9 ea* /atewide election held dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod :i* ends on ! date ! *ange involv$ is made2 & 7ii7 if ! *ange applies to only "o political subdivision1 ! actual numb] ( votes1 or 7if x is n reasonably practicable = ! political subdivision to asc]ta9 ! actual numb] ( votes7 9 ea* subdivision-wide election held dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod :i* ends on ! date ! *ange involv$ is made4 7#d7 ,volunt>y ,compliance by small] jurisdictions ,compliance ) ?is subsection %all be volunt>y = a political subdivision ( a ,/ate unless ! subdivision is "o ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,a c\nty or p>i%4 7,b7 ,a municipality ) a population great] ?an #aj1jjj1 z det]m9$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 7,c7 ,a s*ool di/rict ) a population great] ?an #aj1jjj1 z det]m9$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 ,= purposes ( ?is subp>agraph1 ! t]m s*ool di/rict means ! geographic area "u ! jurisdiction ( a local educational ag5cy 7z def9$ 9 section #iaja ( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y ,education ,act ( #aife74 7d7 ,rules ,reg>d+ ,=mat ( ,in=mation ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may issue rules specify+ a reasonably conv5i5t & accessible =mat t ,/ates & political subdivisions %all use to provide public notice ( in=mation "u ?is section4 7e7 ,no d5ial ( "r ,to vote ,! "r to vote ( any p]son %all n be d5i$ or abridg$ because ! p]son fail$ to comply ) any *ange made by a ,/ate or political subdivision to a vot+ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure if ! ,/ate or political subdivision involv$ did n meet ! applicable requirem5ts ( ?is section ) respect to ! *ange4 7f7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section-- 7#a7 ! t]m demographic gr\p means ea* gr\p :i* section #b protects f ! d5ial or abridgem5t ( ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( race or color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b72 7#b7 ! t]m election = ,f$]al (fice means any g5]al1 special1 prim>y1 or run(f election held solely or 9 "p = ! purpose ( elect+ any c&idate = ! (fice ( ,presid5t1 ,vice ,presid5t1 ,presid5tial elector1 ,s5ator1 ,memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 or ,delegate or ,resid5t ,commission] to ! ,congress2 & 7#c7 ! t]m p]sons ) disabilities1 means individuals ) a disability1 z def9$ 9 section #c ( ! ,am]icans ) ,disabilities ,act ( #aiij4 4 7#b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t ,section #c7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ 9 accordance ) section #f4 7b7 ,effective ,date ,! am5dm5t made by subsection 7a77#a7 %all apply ) respect to *anges :i* are made on or aft] ! expiration ( ! #fj-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #aajh4 ,au?ority to assign obs]v]s 7a7 ,cl>ification ( ,au?ority 9 ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,precle>ance ,section #h7;a77#b77;,b7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7;a77#b77;,b77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 7,b7 9 ! ,attorney ,g5]al's judgm5t1 ! assignm5t ( obs]v]s is o!rwise necess>y to en=ce ! gu>antees ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t or any provision ( ?is ,act or any o!r ,f$]al law protect+ ! "r ( citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote2 or 4 7b7 ,assignm5t ( ,obs]v]s ,to ,en=ce ,bil+ual ,election ,requirem5ts ,section #h7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7;a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ or at ! end ( p>agraph 7#a72 7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#b7 ! foll[+3 7#c7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al c]tifies ) respect to a political subdivision t-- 7,a7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al has receiv$ writt5 m]itori\s compla9ts f resid5ts1 elect$ (ficials1 or civic p>ticipation organizations t ef=ts to violate section #bjc are likely to occur2 or 7,b7 9 ! ,attorney ,g5]al's judgm5t1 ! assignm5t ( obs]v]s is necess>y to en=ce ! gu>antees ( section #bjc2 2 & 7#c7 by mov+ ! m>g9 = ! cont9uation text foll[+ p>agraph 7#c71 z add$ by p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is subsection1 #b ems to ! left4 7c7 ,transf]ral ( au?ority ov] obs]v]s to ! ,attorney ,g5]al 7#a7 ,en=cem5t proce$+s ,section #c7;a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,unit$ ,/ates ,civil ,s]vice ,commission 9 accordance ) section #f & ins]t+ ,attorney ,g5]al 9 accordance ) section #h4 7#b7 ,obs]v]s2 appo9tm5t & comp5sation ,section #h ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 subsection 7a77#b71 9 ! matt] foll[+ subp>agraph 7,b71 by /rik+ ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,p]sonnel ,managem5t %all assign z _m obs]v]s = su* subdivision z ! ,director & ins]t+ ,attorney ,g5]al %all assign z _m obs]v]s = su* subdivision z ! ,attorney ,g5]al2 & 7,b7 9 subsection 7c71 by /rik+ ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,p]sonnel ,managem5t & ins]t+ ,attorney ,g5]al4 7#c7 ,t]m9ation ( c]ta9 appo9tm5ts ( obs]v]s ,section #ac7;a77#a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcji7;a77#a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ notifies ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,p]sonnel ,managem5t1 & ins]t+ det]m9es14 #aaji4 ,cl>ification ( au?ority to seek relief 7a7 ,poll tax ,section #aj7;b7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjf7;b77 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al is au?oriz$ & direct$ to in/itute =?) 9 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates su* actions & ins]t+ an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute su* actions4 7b7 ,cause ( action ,section #ab7;d7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjh7;d77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ ,:5ev] any p]son has engag$ & all t foll[s ?r\gh 9 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ins]t+ 7#a7 ,:5ev] !re are reasonable gr\nds to believe t any p]son has implem5t$ or w implem5t any vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure t w\ld 7,a7 d5y any citiz5 ! "r to vote 9 violation ( ! #ad?1 #ae?1 #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5ts1 or 7,b7 w\ld violate ?is ,act 7except = section #d;,a7 or any o!r ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 ! vot+ process1 an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ 1 & includ+ an ord] direct$ to ! ,/ate & ,/ate or local election (ficials to require !m 7#a7 to p]mit p]sons li/$ "u *apt]s #ajc to #ajg ( ?is title to vote & 7#b7 to c\nt su* votes4 7c7 ,judicial relief ,section #bjd ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejd7 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,:5ev] ! ,attorney ,g5]al has reason to believe & all t foll[s ?r\gh z he deems appropriate & ins]t+ ,:5ev] !re are reasonable gr\nds to believe t a ,/ate or political subdivision has engag$ or is ab\t to engage 9 any act or practice prohibit$ by a provision ( title ,,ii1 an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute an action 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = a re/ra9+ ord]1 a prelim9>y or p]man5t injunction1 or su* o!r ord] z may be appropriate4 7d7 ,en=cem5t ( tw5ty-,six? ,am5dm5t ,section #cja7;a77#a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajgja7 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,! ,attorney ,g5]al is direct$ to in/itute & all t foll[s ?r\gh ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ins]t+ ,an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute an action 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = a re/ra9+ ord]1 a prelim9>y or p]man5t injunction1 or su* o!r ord] z may be appropriate to implem5t ! tw5ty-six? am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #aaaj4 ,prev5tive relief ,section #ab7;d7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjh7;d771 z am5d$ by section #aaji1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#b7 7,a7 ,9 consid]+ any motion = prelim9>y relief 9 any action = prev5tive relief describ$ 9 ?is subsection1 ! c\rt %all grant ! relief if ! c\rt det]m9es t ! compla9ant has rais$ a s]i\s "q z to :e!r ! *all5g$ vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure violates ?is ,act or ! ,con/itution &1 on balance1 ! h>d%ip impos$ on ! def5dant by ! grant ( ! relief w be less ?an ! h>d%ip :i* w\ld be impos$ on ! pla9tiff if ! relief 7 n grant$4 7,b7 ,9 mak+ its det]m9ation "u ?is p>agraph ) respect to a *ange 9 any vot+ qualification1 pr]equisite to vot+1 or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 ! c\rt %all consid] all relevant factors & give due weight to ! foll[+ factors1 if !y are pres5t3 7i7 ,:e!r ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 effect prior to ! *ange 0 adopt$ z a rem$y = a ,f$]al c\rt judgm5t1 cons5t decree1 or admission reg>d+-- 7,i7 discrim9ation on ! basis ( race or color 9 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t2 7,,ii7 a violation ( ! #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5ts2 7,,iii7 a violation ( ?is ,act2 or 7,,iv7 vot+ discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 violation ( any o!r ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7ii7 ,:e!r ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 effect prior to ! *ange s]v$ z a gr\nd = ! dismissal or settlem5t ( a claim alleg+-- 7,i7 discrim9ation on ! basis ( race or color 9 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t2 7,,ii7 a violation ( ! #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5t2 7,,iii7 a violation ( ?is ,act2 or 7,,iv7 vot+ discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 violation ( any o!r ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7iii7 ,:e!r ! *ange 0 adopt$ few] ?an #ahj days be=e ! date ( ! election ) respect to :i* ! *ange is to take or takes effect4 7iv7 ,:e!r ! def5dant has fail$ to provide timely or complete notice ( ! adoption ( ! *ange z requir$ by applicable ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7#c7 ,a jurisdiction's inability to en=ce its vot+ or election laws1 regulations1 policies1 or r$i/rict+ plans1 /&+ alone1 %all n be deem$ to con/itute irrep>able h>m to ! public int]e/ or to ! int]e/s ( a def5dant 9 an action aris+ "u ! ,con/itution or any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 ! vot+ process1 = ! purposes ( det]m9+ :e!r a /ay ( a c\rt's ord] or an int]locutory appeal "u section #abec ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is w>rant$4 4 #aaaa4 ,relief = violations ( vot+ rights laws 7a7 ,9 g5]al 7#a7 ,relief = violations ( vot+ rights laws ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m prohibit$ act or practice means-- 7,a7 any act or practice-- 7i7 t creates an undue burd5 on ! fundam5tal "r to vote 9 violation ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or violates ! ,equal ,protection ,clause ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or 7ii7 t is prohibit$ by ! #ae?1 #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 section #bjjd ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaja71 ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 ! ,national ,vot] ,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjeja et seq471 ! ,uni=m$ & ,ov]seas ,citiz5s ,abs5tee ,vot+ ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjcja et seq471 ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjija et seq471 ! ,vot+ ,accessibility = ! ,eld]ly & ,h&icapp$ ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjaja et seq471 or section #bjjc ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajajb72 & 7,b7 any act or practice 9 violation ( any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation ) respect to vot+1 includ+ ! ,am]icans ) ,disabilities ,act ( #aiij 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #abaja et seq474 7#b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to dim9i% ! au?ority or scope ( au?ority ( any p]son to br+ an action "u any ,f$]al law4 7#c7 ,attorney's fees ,section #gbb7;b7 ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aihh7;b77 is am5d$ by ins]t+ a provision describ$ 9 section #b7;a7 ( ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjbe1 aft] title ,,vi ( ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd14 7b7 ,gr\nds = equitable relief ,9 any action = equitable relief pursuant to a law li/$ "u subsection 7a71 proximity ( ! action to an election %all n be a valid reason to d5y su* relief1 or /ay ! op]ation ( or vacate ! issuance ( su* relief1 unless ! p>ty oppos+ ! issuance or cont9u$ op]ation ( relief meets ! burd5 ( prov+ by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce t ! issuance ( ! relief w\ld be s close 9 "t to ! election z to cause irrep>able h>m to ! public int]e/ or t compliance ) su* relief w\ld impose s]i\s burd5s on ! p>ty oppos+ relief4 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 consid]+ :e!r to grant1 d5y1 /ay1 or vacate any ord] ( equitable relief1 ! c\rt %all give sub/antial weight to ! public's int]e/ 9 exp&+ access to ! "r to vote4 ,a ,/ate's g5]aliz$ int]e/ 9 en=c+ its enact$ laws %all n be a relevant consid]ation 9 det]m9+ :e!r equitable relief is w>rant$4 7#b7 ,presumptive safe h>bor ,:]e equitable relief is s\ght ei!r )9 #cj days ( ! adoption or reasonable public notice ( ! *all5g$ policy or practice1 or m ?an #de days be=e ! date ( an election to :i* ! relief be+ s\ght w apply1 proximity to ! election w be presum$ n to con/itute a h>m to ! public int]e/ or a burd5 on ! p>ty oppos+ relief4 7c7 ,gr\nds = /ay or vacatur 9 ,f$]al claims involv+ vot+ rights 7#a7 ,prospective effect ,9 review+ an application = a /ay or vacatur ( equitable relief grant$ pursuant to a law li/$ 9 subsection 7a71 a c\rt %all give sub/antial weight to ! reliance int]e/s ( citiz5s :o act$ pursuant to su* ord] "u review4 ,9 fa%ion+ a /ay or vacatur1 a review+ c\rt %all n ord] relief t has ! effect ( d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote ( any citiz5 :o has act$ 9 reliance on ! ord]4 7#b7 ,writt5 explanation ,no /ay or vacatur "u ?is subsection %all issue unless ! review+ c\rt makes specific f9d+s t ! public int]e/1 includ+ ! public's int]e/ 9 exp&+ access to ! ballot1 w be h>m$ by ! cont9u+ op]ation ( ! equitable relief or t compliance ) su* relief w impose s]i\s burd5s on ! p>ty seek+ su* a /ay or vacatur su* t ^? burd5s sub/antially outweigh ! b5efits to ! public int]e/4 ,9 review+ an application = a /ay or vacatur ( equitable relief1 f9d+s ( fact made 9 issu+ ! ord] "u review %all n be set aside unless cle>ly errone\s4 #aaab4 ,en=cem5t ( ,vot+ ,rights by ,attorney ,g5]al ,section #ab ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjh71 z am5d$ by ?is subtitle1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7g7 ,vot+ ,rights ,en=cem5t by ,attorney ,g5]al 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ord] to fulfill ! ,attorney ,g5]al's responsibility to en=ce ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act & o!r ,f$]al civil rights /atutes t protect ! "r to vote1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al 7or ^u designation by ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al = ,civil ,rights7 is au?oriz$1 be=e comm5c+ a civil action1 to issue a dem& = inspection & in=mation 9 writ+ to any ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 ) respect to any relevant docum5t>y mat]ial t he has reason to believe is )9 _! possession1 cu/ody1 or control4 ,a dem& by ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u ?is section may require-- 7,a7 ! production ( su* docum5t>y mat]ial = inspection & copy+2 7,b7 answ]s 9 writ+ to writt5 que/ions ) respect to su* docum5t>y mat]ial2 or 7,c7 bo?4 7#b7 ,cont5ts ( an ,attorney ,g5]al dem& 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,any dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 %all include a sworn c]tificate to id5tify ! vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 or o!r vot+ relat$ matt] or issue1 ^: lawfulness ! ,attorney ,g5]al is inve/igat+ & to id5tify ! civil provisions ( ! ,f$]al civil rights /atute t protects ! "r to vote "u :i* ! inve/igation is be+ conduct$4 ,! dem& %all be reasonably calculat$ to lead to ! discov]y ( docum5t>y mat]ial & in=mation relevant to su* civil rights inve/igation4 ,docum5t>y mat]ial includes any mat]ial ^u :i* relevant in=mation is record$1 & includes writt5 or pr9t$ mat]ials1 photographs1 tapes1 or mat]ials ^u :i* in=mation is electronically or magnetically record$4 ,su* dem&s are aim$ at ! ,attorney ,g5]al hav+ ! ability to inspect & obta9 copies ( relevant mat]ials 7z well z obta9 in=mation7 relat$ to vot+ & are n aim$ at ! ,attorney ,g5]al tak+ possession ( orig9al records1 p>ticul>ly ^? t are requir$ to be reta9$ by ,/ate & local election (ficials "u ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7,b7 ,no requirem5t = production ,any dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may n require ! production ( any docum5t>y mat]ial or ! submission ( any answ]s 9 writ+ to writt5 que/ions if su* mat]ial or answ]s w\ld be protect$ f disclosure "u ! /&>ds applicable to discov]y reque/s "u ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,civil ,proc$ure 9 an action 9 :i* ! ,attorney ,g5]al or ! ,unit$ ,/ates is a p>ty4 7,c7 ,docum5t>y mat]ial ,if ! dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 requires ! production ( docum5t>y mat]ial1 x %all-- 7i7 id5tify ! class ( docum5t>y mat]ial to be produc$ ) su* def9it5ess & c]ta9ty z to p]mit su* mat]ial to be fairly id5tifi$2 & 7ii7 prescribe a return date = production ( ! docum5t>y mat]ial at lea/ tw5ty days aft] issuance ( ! dem& to give ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 a reasonable p]iod ( "t = assembl+ ! docum5t>y mat]ial & mak+ x available = inspection & copy+4 7,d7 ,answ]s to writt5 que/ions ,if ! dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 requires answ]s 9 writ+ to writt5 que/ions1 x %all-- 7i7 set =? ) specificity ! writt5 "q to be answ]$2 & 7ii7 prescribe a date at lea/ tw5ty days aft] ! issuance ( ! dem& = submitt+ answ]s 9 writ+ to ! writt5 que/ions4 7,e7 ,s]vice ,a dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may be s]v$ by a ,unit$ ,/ates m>%al or a deputy m>%al1 or by c]tifi$ mail1 at any place )9 ! t]ritorial jurisdiction ( any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#c7 ,responses to an ,attorney ,g5]al dem& ,a ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 mu/1 ) respect to any docum5t>y mat]ial or any answ] 9 writ+ produc$ "u ?is subsection1 provide a sworn c]tificate1 9 su* =m z ! dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 designates1 by a p]son hav+ k ( ! facts & circum/ances relat+ to su* production or writt5 answ]1 au?oriz$ to act on behalf ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 ^u :i* ! dem& 0 s]v$4 ,! c]tificate-- 7,a7 %all /ate t-- 7i7 all ( ! docum5t>y mat]ial requir$ by ! dem& & 9 ! possession1 cu/ody1 or control ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 has be5 produc$2 7ii7 t ) respect to e answ] 9 writ+ to a writt5 "q1 all in=mation requir$ by ! "q & 9 ! possession1 cu/ody1 control1 or k ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 has be5 submitt$2 or 7iii7 bo?2 or 7,b7 provide ! basis = any objection to produc+ ! docum5t>y mat]ial or answ]+ ! writt5 "q4 ,to ! ext5t t any in=mation is n furni%$1 ! in=mation %all be id5tifi$ & reasons set =? ) p>ticul>ity reg>d+ ! reasons :y ! in=mation 0 n furni%$4 7#d7 ,judicial proce$+s 7,a7 ,petition = en=cem5t ,:5ev] any ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 fails to comply ) dem& issu$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may file1 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 :i* ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 is locat$1 a petition = a judicial ord] en=c+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 7,b7 ,petition to modify 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,any ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 t is s]v$ ) a dem& issu$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u p>agraph 7#a7 may file 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia a petition = an ord] ( ! c\rt to modify or set aside ! dem& ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al4 7ii7 ,petition to modify ,any petition to modify or set aside a dem& ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 mu/ be fil$ )9 #bj days aft] ! date ( s]vice ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem& or at any "t be=e ! return date specifi$ 9 ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem&1 :i*ev] date is e>li]4 7iii7 ,cont5ts ( petition ,! petition %all specify ea* gr\nd ^u :i* ! petition] relies 9 seek+ relief "u clause 7i71 & may be bas$ ^u any failure ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem& to comply ) ! provisions ( ?is section or ^u any con/itutional or o!r legal "r or privilege ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t4 ,dur+ ! p5d5cy ( ! petition 9 ! c\rt1 ! c\rt may /ay1 z x deems prop]1 ! runn+ ( ! "t all[$ = compliance ) ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem&1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 except t ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 fil+ ! petition %all comply ) any portions ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem& n s\ght to be modifi$ or set aside4 4 #aaac4 ,def9itions ,title ,i ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #ba4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,indian ,! t]m ,indian has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #d ( ! ,indian ,self-,det]m9ation & ,education ,assi/ance ,act4 7#b7 ,indian l&s ,! t]m ,indian l&s means-- 7,a7 any ,indian c\ntry ( an ,indian tribe1 z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #aaea ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 7,b7 any l& 9 ,alaska t is own$1 pursuant to ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act1 by an ,indian tribe t is a ,native village 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #c ( su* ,act71 or by a ,village ,corporation t is associat$ ) ! ,indian tribe 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #c ( su* ,act72 7,c7 any l& on :i* ! seat ( gov]nm5t ( ! ,indian tribe is locat$2 & 7,d7 any l& t is "p or all ( a tribal designat$ /ati/ical area associat$ ) ! ,indian tribe1 or is "p or all ( an ,alaska ,native village /ati/ical area associat$ ) ! tribe1 z def9$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus = ! purposes ( ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 7#c7 ,indian tribe ,! t]m ,indian tribe or tribe has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m ,indian tribe 9 section #d ( ! ,indian ,self-,det]m9ation & ,education ,assi/ance ,act4 7#d7 ,tribal ,gov]nm5t ,! t]m ,tribal ,gov]nm5t means ! recogniz$ gov]n+ body ( an ,indian ,tribe4 7#e7 ,vot+-age population ,! t]m vot+-age population means ! num]ical size ( ! population )9 a ,/ate1 )9 a political subdivision1 or )9 a political subdivision t conta9s ,indian l&s1 z ! case may be1 t consi/s ( p]sons age #ah or old]1 z calculat$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 4 #aaad4 ,attorneys' fees ,section #ad7;c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcaj7;c77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#d7 ,! t]m prevail+ p>ty means a p>ty to an action t receives at lea/ "s ( ! b5efit s\ght by su* action1 /ates a colorable claim1 & c e/abli% t ! action 0 a significant cause ( a *ange to ! /atus quo4 4 #aaae4 ,o!r te*nical & con=m+ am5dm5ts 7a7 ,actions ,cov]$ ,"u ,section #c ,section #c7;c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;c77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ any proce$+ in/itut$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al or an aggriev$ p]son "u any /atute to en=ce & ins]t+ any action "u any /atute 9 :i* a p>ty 7includ+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al7 seeks to en=ce2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ at ! "t ! proce$+ 0 comm5c$ & ins]t+ at ! "t ! action 0 comm5c$4 7b7 ,cl>ification ( ,treatm5t ( ,memb]s ( ,language ,m9ority ,gr\ps ,section #d7;f7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;f77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ ! second s5t5ce2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ p>agraphs 7#c7 & 7#d74 7c7 ,p]iod ,dur+ ,:i* ,*anges 9 ,vot+ ,practices are ,subject to ,precle>ance ,"u ,section #e ,section #e ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjd7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+ bas$ ^u det]m9ations made "u ! fir/ s5t5ce ( section #d7;b7 are 9 effect & ins]t+ are 9 effect dur+ a cal5d> ye>2 7#b7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+ ,novemb] #a1 #aifd & all t foll[s ?r\gh ,novemb] #a1 #aigb & ins]t+ ! applicable date ( cov]age2 & 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subsection3 7e7 ,! t]m applicable date ( cov]age means1 ) respect to a ,/ate or political subdivision-- 7#a7 ,june #be1 #bjac1 if ! mo/ rec5t det]m9ation = su* ,/ate or subdivision "u section #d7;b7 0 made on or be=e ,decemb] #ca1 #bjbe2 or 7#b7 ! date on :i* ! mo/ rec5t det]m9ation = su* ,/ate or subdivision "u section #d7;b7 0 made1 if su* det]m9ation 0 made aft] ,decemb] #ca1 #bjbe4 4 #aaaf4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is subtitle or any am5dm5t made by ?is subtitle1 or ! application ( su* a provision or am5dm5t to any p]son or circum/ance1 is held to be uncon/itutional or is o!rwise enjo9$ or un5=ceable1 ! rema9d] ( ?is subtitle & am5dm5ts made by ?is subtitle1 & ! application ( ! provisions & am5dm5t to any p]son or circum/ance1 & any rema9+ provision ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife1 %all n be affect$ by ! hold+4 #aaag4 ,grants to assi/ ) notice requirem5ts "u ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all make grants ea* fiscal ye> to small jurisdictions :o submit applications "u subsection 7b7 = purposes ( assi/+ su* small jurisdictions ) compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife to submit or publi% notice ( any *ange to a qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice or proc$ure affect+ vot+4 7b7 ,application ,to be eligible = a grant "u ?is section1 a small jurisdiction %all submit an application to ! ,attorney ,g5]al 9 su* =m & conta9+ su* in=mation z ! ,attorney ,g5]al may require reg>d+ ! compliance ( su* small jurisdiction ) ! provisions ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife4 7c7 ,small jurisdiction def9$ ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m small jurisdiction means any political subdivision ( a ,/ate ) a population ( #aj1jjj or less4 ,,xii ,re/rictions on ,gov]nm5t ,p5sions = ,felony ,convictions #abja4 ,f$]al retirem5t b5efits =feiture = ,memb]s ( ,congress & cab9et memb]s convict$ ( c]ta9 crimes 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #hcab ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 by /rik+ or at ! end ( p>agraph 7#a72 7,b7 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end ( ! fir/ s5t5ce & ins]t+ 2 or2 & 7,c7 by ins]t+ be=e ! matt] foll[+ p>agraph 7#b7 ! foll[+3 7#c7 0 f9ally convict$ ( an (f5se describ$ 9 subsection 7e7 ( ?is section aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( su* subsection1 to ! ext5t provid$ by t subsection4 2 7#b7 by r$esignat+ subsection 7d7 z subsection 7e72 & 7#c7 by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7c7 ! foll[+3 7d7 7#a7 ,subsection 7a7 %all apply to any individual f9ally convict$ ( an (f5se describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b74 7#b7 ,an (f5se describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph is an (f5se = :i* ! foll[+ apply3 7,a7 ,e act or omission ( ! individual t is ne$$ to satisfy ! elem5ts ( ! (f5se occurs :ile ! individual-- 7i7 is a ,memb] ( ,congress or =m] ,memb] ( ,congress2 or 7ii7 is a memb] ( ! ,presid5t's cab9et or a =m] memb] ( ! ,presid5t's cab9et4 7,b7 ,! (f5se-- 7i7 is committ$ aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is subsection2 & 7ii7 is a felony "u ,f$]al law or "u ! law ( ! ,/ate 9 :i* x 0 committ$4 7#c7 ,= purposes ( ?is subsection-- 7,a7 ! t]m f9ally convict$ has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 section #hccb7o77#f72 & 7,b7 ! t]m ,memb] ( ,congress means a ,s5ator or ,repres5tative 91 or ,delegate or ,resid5t ,commission] to1 ! ,congress4 4 7b7 ,abs5ce f ,unit$ ,/ates ,to avoid prosecution ,section #hcac7;a77#a7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ or at ! end ( subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ & at ! end ( subp>agraph 7,b7 & ins]t+ or1 & by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7,c7 aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is subp>agraph1 = an (f5se describ$ 9 section #hcab7;d77#b72 & 4 #abjb4 ,=feiture ( b5efits = =m] ,presid5ts convict$ ( a felony ,! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide retirem5t1 cl]ical assi/ants1 & free mail+ privileges to =m] ,presid5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & = o!r purposes1 approv$ ,augu/ #be1 #aieh 7commonly kn[n z ! ,=m] ,presid5ts ,act ( #aieh2 #c ,u4,s4,c4 #ajb note71 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+ ,ea* =m] ,presid5t & ins]t+ ,subject to subsection 7h71 ea* =m] ,presid5t2 7#b7 9 subsection 7f71 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#b7 & ins]t+3 7#b7 :o has n be5 impea*$ by ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & convict$ by ! ,s5ate pursuant to ! impea*m5t4 2 & 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subsection3 7h7 7#a7 ,if a =m] ,presid5t is f9ally convict$ ( a felony = :i* e act or omission t is ne$$ to satisfy ! elem5ts ( ! felony is committ$ dur+ or aft] ! p]iod su* =m] ,presid5t holds ! (fice ( ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 or 0 f9ally convict$ ( su* a felony :ile hold+ su* (fice-- 7,a7 no monet>y all[ance "u subsection 7a7 may be provid$ to su* =m] ,presid5t2 7,b7 no funds may be obligat$ or exp5d$ "u subsection 7g7 ) respect to su* =m] ,presid5t except to ! ext5t necess>y to ma9ta9 ! security ( su* =m] ,presid5t1 z det]m9$ by ! ,director ( ! ,secret ,s]vice2 & 7,c7 su* =m] ,presid5t %all repay any am\nts receiv$ "u subsection 7a7 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* su* =m] ,presid5t is initially convict$ ( ! felony & end+ on ! date su* =m] ,presid5t is f9ally convict$ ( ! felony4 7#b7 ,! t]m f9ally convict$ means a conviction-- 7,a7 :i* has n be5 appeal$ & is no long] appealable because ! "t = tak+ an appeal has expir$2 or 7,b7 :i* has be5 appeal$ & ! appeals process = :i* is complet$4 4 ,,xiii ,re/riction on ,lawsuits by ,presid5t #acja4 ,exceptions to ,f$]al ,tort ,claims ,act 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #bfhj ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7o7 ,any claim1 )\t reg>d to :5 ! act or omission giv+ rise to ! claim occurr$1 br\ght by-- 7#a7 ! ,presid5t2 7#b7 ! sp\se1 p>5t1 *ild1 gr&p>5t1 gr&*ild1 or sibl+ or ! ,presid5t2 or 7#c7 any entity or organization 9 :i* ! ,presid5t has an own]%ip int]e/4 4 7b7 ,=m] ,presid5ts ,section #bfhj ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7p7 ,any claim1 )\t reg>d to :5 ! act or omission giv+ rise to ! claim occurr$1 br\ght by a =m] ,presid5t1 unless an ad hoc committee ( ,congress e/abli%$ ) respect to su* claim & compos$ ( #ab ,memb]s ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate1 ) an equal numb] f ea* major political p>ty appo9t$ by ! ,m9ority & ,majority lead]s ( ea* p>ty1 approve ! claim by a vote ( at lea/ #h memb]s ( ! committee4 4 7c7 ,applicability ,! am5dm5t made by subsections 7a7 & 7b7 %all apply to any claim p5d+ on1 or br\ght on or aft]1 ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 ,,xiv ,prohibition on ,pr$iction ,m>ket ,p>ticipation #adja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,,pr$ict ,act4 #adjb4 ,re/rictions on trad+ on pr$iction m>kets 7a7 ,re/rictions ,*apt] #aca ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section #ajb7;b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end a new sub*apt]3 ,v ,re/rictions on trad+ on pr$iction m>kets #acafa4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is sub*apt]3 7#a7 ,cov]$ individual ,! t]m cov]$ individual means any ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,a ,memb] ( ,congress z def9$ 9 section #acaja ( ?is title4 7,b7 ,a dep5d5t *ild z def9$ 9 su* section #acaja or a sp\se ( a ,memb] ( ,congress4 7,c7 ,an individual or entity ) fiduci>y duties & ! au?ority to ent] into or (f] to ent] into an agreem5t1 contract1 or transaction ) respect to pr$iction m>kets = any individual describ$ 9 subp>agraphs 7,a7 or 7,b74 7,d7 ,an (fic] or employee ( ! ,congress4 7,e7 ,! ,presid5t4 7,f7 ,! ,vice ,presid5t4 7,g7 ,a political appo9tee4 7,h7 ,ea* (fic] or employee 9 ! executive bran*1 includ+ a special ,gov]nm5t employee1 z def9$ 9 section #bjb ( title #ah1 & any (fic] or employee ( an indep5d5t ag5cy1 :o occupies a position classifi$ above ,,gs-#ae ( ! ,g5]al ,s*$ule or1 9 ! case ( positions n "u ! ,g5]al ,s*$ule1 = :i* ! rate ( basic pay is equal to or great] ?an #abj p]c5t ( ! m9imum rate ( basic pay payable = ,,gs-#ae ( ! ,g5]al ,s*$ule2 ea* memb] ( a uni=m$ s]vice ^: pay grade is at or 9 excess ( ,o-#g "u section #bja ( title #cg2 & ea* (fic] or employee 9 any o!r position det]m9$ by ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics to be ( equal classification4 7,i7 ,a judicial (fic] z def9$ 9 section #acaja ( ?is title4 7,j7 ,a judicial employee z def9$ 9 section #acaja ( ?is title4 7#b7 ,indep5d5t ag5cy ,! t]m indep5d5t ag5cy has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m indep5d5t e/abli%m5t z def9$ 9 section #ajd ( ?is title4 7#c7 ,political appo9tee ,! t]m political appo9tee means an individual-- 7,a7 occupy+ a position describ$ "u sections #ecab ?r\gh #ecaf ( ?is title 7relat+ to ! ,executive ,s*$ule72 7,b7 s]v+ "u a nonc>e] appo9tm5t 9 ! ,s5ior ,executive ,s]vice1 z def9$ "u p>agraph 7#g7 ( section #cacb7;a7 ( ?is title2 or 7,c7 occupy+ a position 9 ! executive bran* ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( a confid5tial or policy-det]m9+ "* "u s*$ule ,c ( subp>t ,c ( "p #bac ( title #e1 ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations4 7#d7 ,sup]vis+ e?ics (fice ,! t]m sup]vis+ e?ics (fice-- 7,a7 has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #acaja ( ?is title2 & 7,b7 9 ! case ( an indep5d5t ag5cy1 means ! ,(fice ( ,gov]nm5t ,e?ics4 #acafb4 ,trad+ on pr$iction m>kets 7a7 ,conduct dur+ ,f$]al s]vice ,no cov]$ individual may ent] into1 or (f] to ent] into an agreem5t1 contract1 or transaction t provides = any pur*ase1 sale1 paym5t1 or deliv]y t is dep5d5t on ! occurr5ce1 nonoccurr5ce1 or ! ext5t ( ! occurr5ce ( a specific political ev5t4 7b7 ,int]pretative guidance ,! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice %all issue int]pretive guidance on any relevant t]m n def9$ 9 ?is sub*apt]4 #acafc4 ,p5alties 7a7 ,9 g5]al 7#a7 ,p5alties ,any cov]$ individual :o violates ! re/rictions 9 section #acaeb ( ?is title %all1 at ! direction ( ! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice-- 7,a7 pay a fee equal to t5 p]c5t ( ! value ( ! agreem5t1 contract1 or transaction 9 violation2 & 7,b7 disgorge ! pr(its ( any agreem5t1 contract1 or transaction t violates ! provisions ( su* section #acaeb4 7#b7 ,paym5t ( p5alty to ,treasury ,a p5alty impos$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b7 %all be payable into ! ,treasury4 7b7 ,paym5t re/rictions ,a cov]$ individual may n pay any ( ! p5alties "u ?is section f ! foll[+ s\rces3 7#a7 ,! ,memb]s' ,repres5tational ,all[ance4 7#b7 ,! ,s5ators' ,(ficial ,p]sonnel & ,(fice ,exp5se ,acc\nt4 7#c7 ,any contribution 7z def9$ 9 section #cja7h7 ( ! ,f$]al ,election ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #cjaja7h777 accept$ z a c&idate1 & any o!r donation receiv$ z support = activities ( ! individual z a hold] ( ,f$]al (fice4 7#d7 ,any o!r s\rce ( funds1 o!r ?an a sal>y1 available to su* individual ?r\gh employm5t or s]vice 9 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 7c7 ,publication ,ea* sup]vis+ e?ics (fice %all publi% on a publicly available website a description (-- 7#a7 ea* f9e assess$ by ! sup]vis+ e?ics (fice pursuant to ?is section2 7#b7 ! reason :y ea* su* f9e 0 assess$2 & 7#c7 ! result ( ea* assessm5t4 4 7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = *apt] #aca ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section #ajb7;a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,sub*apt] ,v4 ,re/rictions on trad+ on pr$iction m>kets #acafa4 ,def9itions4 #acafb4 ,trad+ on pr$iction m>kets4 #acafc4 ,p5alties4