,i  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #iaic  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,june #h1 #bjbf,mr4   
,k5n$y ( ,utah 7= himself & ,mr4 ,moore 
( ,nor? ,c>ol9a7 introduc$ ! foll[+     
bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,sci5ce1 ,space1 & ,te*nology  ,a ,,bill
  ,to advance ,,nasa's use ( nucle>     
propulsion & p[] sy/ems = deep space    
exploration1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4     
,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !   
,p[]+ ! ,future ( ,am]ican ,space       
,dom9ance ,act4  #b4 ,space nucle> p[] &
 propulsion sy/ems  7a7 ,s5se (         
,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t--  
7#a7 space nucle> sy/ems are a key      
enabl+ te*nology = deep space human &   
robotic missions2  7#b7 developm5t (    
space nucle> sy/ems w require long-t]m  
commitm5t & inve/m5t2  7#c7 advanc+     
space nucle> sy/ems c\ld support !      
,national ,a]onautics & ,space          
,adm9i/ration's 7,,nasa's7 ef=ts to     
ensure te*nological read9ess = ,moon &  
,m>s missions & o!r deep space          

exploration2  7#d7 radioisotope heat]   
units & electric radioisotope p[] sy/ems
 repres5t prov51 ne>-t]m te*nologies    
capable ( enabl+ lun> night survival &  
su/a9$ surface op]ations2 &  7#e7 ,,nasa
 & ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,en]gy h a long hi/ory 
( collaboration on ! developm5t ( space 
nucle> p[] & propulsion sy/ems4  7b7    
,plans ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date
 ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,adm9i/rator
 %all submit to ! ,committee on ,sci5ce1
 ,space1 & ,te*nology ( ! ,h\se (       
,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on       
,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation ( !
 ,s5ate an update to ea* ( ! plans      
requir$ "u subsections 7a77#c7 & 7b77#b7
 ( section #ajhda ( ! ,national         
,a]onautics & ,space ,adm9i/ration      
,au?orization ,act ( #bjbb 7#ea         
,u4,s4,c4 #bjcja note71 :i* %all include
 in=mation relat+ to ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,! 
/atus ( & progress made ) respect to !  
space nucle> propulsion program "u      
subsection 7a77#b7 ( su* section4  7#b7 
,an assessm5t ( ! pot5tial ne>-t]m use  

cases ( nucle> sy/ems = ,,nasa missions1
 includ+ h[ su* sy/ems c\ld be us$ on   
comm]cial lun> payload s]vices missions 
= lun> night survival1 & an e/imate (   
associat$ co/s4  7#c7 ,! /atus ( !      
9-space demon/ration ( a nucle>         
propulsion sy/em 9 ! late #bjbjs1       
includ+ rema9+ mile/ones & e/imat$ dates
 = completion ( ea* su* mile/one4  7#d7 
,a propos$ phas$ program = use (        
radioisotope heat] units & electric     
radioisotope p[] sy/ems to fur!r ! goals
 ( ! ,moon to ,m>s ,program & !         
comm]cial lun> payload s]vices program1 
includ+ ! foll[+3  7,a7 ,demon/rations (
 radioisotope heat] units = lun> night  
survival by n lat] ?an ,decemb] #ca1    
#bjbh1 & ( radioisotope p[] sy/ems by n 
lat] ?an ,decemb] #ca1 #bjcj4  7,b7     
,r\t9e use ( su* sy/ems = lun> night    
survival & op]ations by n lat] ?an      
,decemb] #ca1 #bjcb4  7#e7 ,a           
description ( foll[-on activities = !   
,h>monia ,radioisotope ,p[] ,sy/em      
project = demon/ration & deploym5ts1    

includ+ a timel9e & plan = fir/         
deploym5t on ! lun> surface4  7#f7 ,an  
assessm5t ( ! read9ess to laun* a       
d]ivative fission surface p[] sy/em by  
,decemb] #ca1 #bjcj1 = deploym5t on !   
surface ( ! ,moon4  7#g7 ,a description 
( curr5t & plann$ ,,nasa ef=ts to engage
 ) ,f$]al dep>tm5ts & ag5cies & private 
sector entities on ! developm5t &       
demon/ration ( space nucle> sy/ems &    
te*nologies4  7#h7 ,a plan = ! use (    
previ\sly develop$ ,,nasa h>dw>e1 z     
appropriate4  7c7 ,lessons le>n$        
assessm5t ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] !  
date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !         
,adm9i/rator %all submit to ! ,committee
 on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 & ,te*nology ( !   
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee  
on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation 
( ! ,s5ate a lessons le>n$ assessm5t    
d]iv$ f ! jo9t ,,nasa-,,d>pa            
,demon/ration ,rocket = ,agile ,cislun> 
,op]ations program4 ,su* assessm5t %all 
id5tify ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,! te*nical1    
programmatic1 gov]nance1 acquisition1 & 

int]ag5cy coord9ation failures t        
contribut$ to ! inability to execute a  
flight demon/ration4  7#b7 ,! corrective
 actions ! ,adm9i/rator ( ,,nasa has    
tak5 or w take to prev5t recurr5ce ( su*
 failures 9 future space nucle> p[] &   
propulsion programs4  #c4 ,lun> surface 
p[]  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress makes ! foll[+
 f9d+s3 7#a7 ,increas$ access to        
reliable p[] c\ld fur!r ,,nasa goals (  
c>ry+ out robu/ human & robotic         
exploration ( ! ,moon & o!r deep space  
de/9ations4  7#b7 ,comm]cial entities   
seek to deploy te*nologies su* z sol>   
arrays1 nucle> reactors1 & radioisotope 
p[] sy/ems to ! surface ( ! ,moon = !   
purpose ( provid+ p[] = lun> activities4
  7#c7 ,lev]ag+ comm]cially develop$ p[]
 infra/ructure to c>ry out ,moon to ,m>s
 program activities c\ld all[ ,,nasa to 
increase effici5cy & r$uce co/s ( su*   
missions1 & enc\rage comm]cial entities 
to accel]ate ! deploym5t ( lun> p[]     
s\rces4  7b7 ,report on p[] dem&  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #abj days aft] !   

date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !         
,adm9i/rator ( ,,nasa %all submit to !  
,committee on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 &        
,te*nology ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 
! ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 &    
,transportation ( ! ,s5ate1 & !         
non-gov]nm5tal entity "u subsection 7c7 
a report t =eca/s ! dem& = p[]1 includ+ 
heat & electricity1 ( ,,nasa = op]ations
 on ! lun> surface dur+ ! #aj-ye> p]iod 
beg9n+ on su* date ( enactm5t4  7#b7    
,elem5ts ,! report requir$ "u p>agraph  
7#a7 %all--  7,a7 consid] ! p[] dem& (  
,,nasa = op]ations on ! lun> surface =--
 7i7 ne>-t]m exploration activities2    
7ii7 long-duration surface activities2 &
  7iii7 activities int5d$ to be conduct$
 ?r\gh\t ! lun> night2 &  7,b7 include  
an assessm5t (-- 7i7 ! project$ p[] ne$s
 = bo? human & robotic ,,nasa op]ations 
on ! lun> surface2 &  7ii7 an assessm5t 
( ! p[] ne$s ( comm]cial entities engag$
 9 activities to support ,,nasa         
op]ations4  7#c7 ,=m ,! report requir$  
"u p>agraph 7#a7 %all be submitt$ 9     

unclassifi$ =m b may include a classifi$
 annex4  7c7 ,lun> p[] pur*ase agreem5t 
feasibility /udy  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,!      
,adm9i/rator ( ,,nasa may ent] into an  
arrangem5t ) an non-gov]nm5tal entity ) 
appropriate exp]tise to conduct a /udy  
evaluat+ ! feasibility ( us+ p[] pur*ase
 agreem5ts to facilitate ! private      
sector developm5t & deploym5t ( lun>    
surface p[] capabilities4  7#b7 ,cont5ts
 ,! /udy conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all 
consid] ! results ( ! report requir$ "u 
subsection 7b71 & may include ! foll[+3 
7,a7 ,an id5tification ( facilities &   
te*nical capabilities ne$$ to support   
lun> surface p[] production4  7,b7 ,a   
description & assessm5t ( ! types &     
te*nical read9ess ( te*nologies t c\ld  
be us$ to provide ! ,unit$ ,/ates )     
access to lun> surface p[]1 & an e/imat$
 timel9e ( availability ( su*           
te*nologies4  7,c7 ,an id5tification (  
lessons le>n$ f ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t        
exp]i5ce ) p[] pur*ase agreem5ts1       
includ+ a description ( any relevant    

,f$]al ,gov]nm5t use ( su* agreem5ts1 & 
a description ( h[ su* lessons le>n$    
c\ld in=m or be appli$ to future su*    
agreem5ts4  7,d7 ,pot5tial policy &     
legal issues associat$ ) lun> p[]       
pur*ase agreem5ts betwe5 provid]s & !   
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 int]national p>tn]s1 &
 o!r private sector entities4  7#c7     
,report ,n lat] ?an two ye>s aft] ! date
 ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,adm9i/rator
 ( ,,nasa %all submit to ! appropriate  
committees ( ,congress a report t       
describes ! results ( ! /udy "u p>agraph
 7#a74  7d7 ,agreem5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al   
,bas$ on ! results ( ! report "u        
subsection 7b71 ! /udy "u subsection    
7c71 & consultation "u ea* ( su*        
subsections1 ! ,adm9i/rator ( ,,nasa    
may1 ?r\gh an op5 & competitive         
solicitation process1 ent] into an      
agreem5t ) n few] ?an two private sector
 entities t utilize n few] ?an two      
diff]5t en]gy te*nologies1 = ! purpose (
 procur+ p[] sy/ems or acquir+ p[] on ! 
lun> surface4  7#b7 ,t]ms ,!            

,adm9i/rator ( ,,nasa %all ensure any   
agreem5t ent]$ into "u p>agraph 7#a7    
satisfies ! foll[+3  7,a7 ,includes ! "r
 ( ! ,adm9i/rator to t]m9ate su*        
agreem5t if ! private sector entity     
conc]n$ is unable to comm5ce ! deliv]y (
 p[] on ! lun> surface by ! date t is   
f\r ye>s aft] ! date on :i* su* an      
agreem5t is ent]$ into4  7,b7 ,does n   
all[ = paym5t 9 excess ( t5 p]c5t ( !   
contract value to be made be=e p[] is   
provid$ to ,,nasa1 or a ,,nasa-sponsor$ 
entity1 on ! lun> surface4  7#c7 ,sunset
  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! au?ority to ent] into
 agreem5ts "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all t]m9ate
 on ,octob] #a1 #bjcj4  7,b7 ,sav+      
provision ,an agreem5t ent]$ into "u    
p>agraph 7#a7 t is ent]$ into be=e !    
date ( t]m9ation specifi$ 9 subp>agraph 
7,a7--  7i7 %all n be affect$ by su*    
t]m9ation2 &  7ii7 %all cont9ue until ! 
conclusion ( su* agreem5t4  7e7         
,coord9ation ,9 prep>+ ! report "u      
subsection 7b77#a7 & conduct+ ! /udy "u 
subsection 7c77#a71 ! ,adm9i/rator (    

,,nasa may consult ) ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,!  
,lun> ,surface ,innovation ,consortium4 
7#b7 ,! ,secret>y ( ,en]gy1 ! ,secret>y 
( ,comm]ce1 & ! heads ( o!r ,f$]al      
dep>tm5ts or ag5cies1 z det]m9$         
appropriate by ! ,adm9i/rator4  7#c7    
,int]national p>tn]s4  7#d7 ,relevant   
private sector entities4  #d4 ,report   
risk managem5t approa*es = comm]cial    
p>tn]s support+ ,,nasa space nucle>     
activities  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an    
#ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act1 ! ,adm9i/rator ( ,,nasa1 9       
consultation ) ! head ( any o!r         
appropriate ,f$]al ag5cy1 %all submit to
 ! ,committee on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 &     
,te*nology ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives &
 ! ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 &   
,transportation ( ! ,s5ate a report     
review+ exi/+ frameworks =1 & propos+   
new frameworks =1 indemnification (     
comm]cial p>tn]s support+ ,,nasa space  
nucle> activities4  7b7 ,elem5ts ,!     
report requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all   
include ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,an evaluation ( 

! exi/+ /atutory & regulatory au?orities
 "u :i* ,,nasa or ano!r appropriate     
,f$]al ag5cy may provide indemnification
 or o!r liability protection relat$ to !
 use ( space nucle> sy/ems4  7#b7 ,an   
id5tification ( gaps1 or areas lack+    
cl>ity on implem5tation1 9 ! curr5t     
indemnification framework = civil       
activities involv+ comm]cial p>tn]s1    
includ+ relat+ to ! foll[+3 7,a7        
,radioisotope p[] sy/ems4  7,b7 ,fission
 surface p[] sy/ems4  7,c7 ,nucle>      
electric or !rmal propulsion sy/ems4    
7#c7 ,an assessm5t ( pot5tial solutions 
to address su* gaps or areas1 or o!rwise
 enable use ( exi/+ au?orities1 includ+ 
relat+ to ! foll[+3 7,a7                
,indemnification "u section #bjach (    
title #ea1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 &       
,public ,law #he-hjd 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4     
#adca et seq474  7,b7 ,! applicability (
 au?orities "u "p #ddj ( title #ad1     
,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations1 = nucle>   
sy/ems laun*$ on comm]cially procur$    
laun* vehicles4  7,c7 ,ext5sion (       

cov]age "u section #agj ( ! ,atomic     
,en]gy ,act ( #aied 7#db ,u4,s4,c4      
#bbaj74  7#d7 ,recomm5dations =         
legislative or regulatory *anges to     
ensure appropriate use ( exi/+          
indemnification me*anisms1 or = !       
developm5t ( new /atutory au?orities or 
risk-%>+ me*anisms1 = comm]cial p>tn]s  
support+ ,,nasa space nucle> activities4
  7c7 ,scope ,! report requir$ "u       
subsection 7a7 %all address             
indemnification consid]ations = !       
foll[+3  7#a7 ,unit$ ,/ates             
,gov]nm5t-sponsor$ missions4  7#b7      
,missions conduct$ ?r\gh public-private 
p>tn]%ips & comm]cially procur$ s]vices1
 includ+ te*nology demon/rations &      
op]ational capability deploym5ts 9      
cislun> space1 on ! lun> surface1 or    
beyond l[-,e>? orbit4  7d7 ,=m ,! report
 requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all be      
submitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m b may include 
a classifi$ annex4