,i  #aai? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #eccb  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #aa1        
#bjbe,mr4 ,ob]nolte 7= himself & ,mr4   
,got!im]7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0
 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,en]gy &     
,comm]ce1 & 9 addition to ! ,committee  
on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 & ,te*nology1 = a   
p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by !    
,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su*
 provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( !
 committee conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to      
direct ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates to conduct a te*nology assessm5t 
focus$ on liquid-cool+ sy/ems =         
artificial-intellig5ce compute clu/]s & 
high-p]=mance comput+ facilities1       
require ! developm5t ( ,f$]al           
,gov]nm5t-wide be/-practice guidance =  
,f$]al ag5cies1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4  
,%ort title & purpose ,?is ,act may be  
cit$ z ! ,liquid ,cool+ = ,,ai ,act (   
#bjbe4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds !     
foll[+3  7#a7 ,! #bjbd ,unit$ ,/ates    
,data ,c5t] ,en]gy ,usage ,report       

publi%$ by ,lawr5ce ,b]keley ,national  
,laboratory indicates t data c5t]s      
acc\nt$ = #d4d p]c5t ( total ,unit$     
,/ates electricity consumption 9 #bjbc1 
up f #a4i p]c5t 9 #bjah4 ,! report fur!r
 projects t data c5t]s c\ld repres5t    
betwe5 #f4g p]c5t & #ab4h p]c5t ( total 
electricity consumption by #bjbh1 due to
 ! rapid gr[? ( ,,ai1 cl\d comput+1 &   
o!r digital te*nologies4  7#b7          
,traditional air-cool$ sy/ems are rea*+ 
limits to effectively remove heat f ,,ai
 *ips & h>dw>e1 & liquid cool+ enhanc$  
!rmal p]=mance is increas+ly becom+ a   
necessity = high-d5sity ,,ai s]v]s &    
data c5t]s due to ! gr[+ p[] consumption
 & heat g5]ation ( ,,ai workloads4  7#c7
 ,liquidcool+ te*nologies1 includ+      
directto*ip 7,,dtc7 liquid cool+ &      
s+lephase or twophase imm]sion cool+1 c 
improve !rmal p]=mance1 enable high]    
d5sities1 & r$uce cool+ sy/em load :5   
prop]ly eng9e]$ & ma9ta9$4  7#d7        
,effective liquidcool+ deploym5ts       
require int]op]able compon5ts & eng9e]$ 

subsy/ems1 includ+ coolant di/ribution  
units1 second>y loops1 manifolds1 hoses1
 quickdisconnects1 valves1 pumps1       
filt]s1 leak detection & conta9m5t1     
corrosion control1 & appropriate        
in/rum5tation & controls4  7#e7         
,int]faces = heatreuse are integral to  
liquid sy/ems & c r$uce !rmal load on   
heatrejection equipm5t by transf]r+ heat
 ?r\gh plate heat ex*ang]s or o!r       
devices to b5eficial second>y uses :]e  
te*nically appropriate4  7#f7 ,f$]al    
ag5cies1 includ+ ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,en]gy1  
are consid]+ ! deploym5t ( ,,ai sy/ems  
across gov]nm5t-own$ facilities4  7#g7  
,a compreh5sive1 indep5d5t assessm5t (  
em]g+ data c5t] ar*itectures & cool+    
te*nologies is ess5tial to in=m effici5t
 & co/-effective deploym5t decisions    
across ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4  #c4 ,liquid 
cool+ deploym5t & scalability  7a7 ,,gao
 review ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date
 ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,comptroll] 
,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all initiate a
 review ( ! rese>* & developm5t ne$s1 & 

! relat$ m>ket1 te*nological1 &         
regulatory conditions1 affect+ liquid   
cool+ utilization by data c5t]s4  7b7   
,elem5ts ,! review requir$ "u subsection
 7a7 %all include ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,an    
evaluation ( liquid cool+ rese>* &      
developm5t ne$s1 & ! co/s & b5efits =   
high p]=mance comput+4  7#b7 ,a         
description ( avoid$ co/s ( en]gy1      
includ+ def]r$ & avoid$ new electric    
transmission & infra/ructure upgrades & 
associat$ co/s4  7#c7 ,a description (  
increas$ compute capacity by enabl+ m   
en]gy to be us$ = comput+ workloads r   
?an cool+4  7#d7 ,a survey & analysis ( 
exi/+ rese>* on ! positive & negative   
effects ( liquid cool+ on comput+       
p]=mance1 resili5cy1 & cyb]security4    
7#e7 ,an assessm5t ( m>ket tr5ds &      
adoption rates ( liquid cool+ 9 ,unit$  
,/ates data c5t]s ov] ! pa/ five ye>s4  
7#f7 ,a comp>ison ( directto*ip 7,,dtc7 
liquid cool+ & imm]sion cool+ approa*es 
across repres5tative d5sity b&s1 includ+
 relat+ to !rmal p]=mance1              

ma9ta9ability1 int]op]ability1 safety1  
failure modes1 & lifecycle co/4  7#g7   
,an evaluation ( coolant options1       
includ+ wat]1 wat]glycol1 & eng9e]$     
fluids1 mat]ials compatibility1         
corrosion control1 bio gr[? mitigation1 
filtration1 dea]ation1 & fluid monitor+ 
& managem5t4  7#h7 ,recomm5dations      
relat+ to :e!r liquid cool+ %\ld be     
consid]$ z a prim>y cool+ option ov] air
 cool+ due to ! !rmal conditions (      
comput+ compon5ts 9 s]v]s )9 data c5t]s4
  7#i7 ,developm5t ( ref]5ce            
ar*itectures & lay\ts = rack1 r[1 &     
roomlevel liquid di/ribution by d5sity  
b& & cool+ approa*4  7#aj7 ,a survey (  
exi/+ opportunities = reus+ wa/e heat   
produc$ by data c5t]s4  7#aa7 ,an       
evaluation ( failure sc5>ios 7su* z pump
 failures or fluid leaks7 & mitigation  
/rategies1 especially 9 %>$ co-location 
environm5ts4  7c7 ,requirem5ts  7#a7    
,recomm5dations ,9 prep>+ ! review      
requir$ "u subsection 7a71 ! ,comptroll]
 ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all include  

recomm5dations1 includ+ consid]ations   
relat+ to ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,! ,f$]al      
,gov]nm5t's utilization ( & ongo+ rese>*
 on liquid cool+ te*nologies4  7,b7 ,be/
 practices & indu/ry /&>ds = ! design & 
op]ation ( liquid cool+ te*nologies4    
7,c7 ,me?ods to enhance ! security1     
reliability1 & resili5ce ( comput+      
equipm5t & data c5t]s4  7,d7 ,me?ods to 
accel]ate education on op]ational be/   
practices4  7#b7 ,/akehold] input ,) !  
goal ( id5tify+ ! be/ practices &       
indu/ry /&>ds ref]r$ to 9 p>agraph      
7#a77;,a71 ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates %all consult ) /akehold]s 
f ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local gov]nm5ts1 !   
private sector1 academia1 & ,national   
,laboratories4  7#c7 ,liquid cool+      
advisory organization  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 
fur!rance ( ! review requir$ "u         
subsection 7a71 includ+ ! id5tification 
( be/ practices & indu/ry /&>ds ref]r$  
to 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 ! ,secret>y (  
,en]gy & ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates %all jo9tly designate a liquid  

cool+ indu/ry organization ) :i* to     
consult & coord9ate 9 ! prep>ation ( su*
 review4  7,b7 ,requirem5ts ,!          
organization designat$ pursuant to      
subp>agraph 7,a71 :e!r preexi/+ or =m$  
specifically = ! purposes describ$ 9 su*
 subp>agraph1 %all satisfy ! foll[+     
crit]ia3  7i7 ,consi/ ( int]e/$ p>ties  
:o h exp]tise 9 liquid cool+ sy/em      
applications 9 ! developm5t1 op]ation1 &
 functionality ( ,,ai factories or data 
c5t]s1 in=mation te*nology equipm5t1 or 
s(tw>e1 z well z repres5tatives ( h>dw>e
 manufactur]s1 data c5t] op]ators1 or   
,,ai factory developm5t4  7ii7 ,consult 
) relevant /akehold]s1 includ+ !        
,dep>tm5t ( ,en]gy1 ! ,national         
,laboratories1 & any college1 univ]sity1
 rese>* in/itution1 indu/ry association1
 company1 or public int]e/ gr\p )       
applicable exp]tise 9 any ( ! subject   
matt]s areas specifi$ 9 clause 7i74     
7iii7 ,h z its mission ! developm5t &   
promotion ( liquid cool+ = data c5t]s & 
in=mation te*nology4  7d7 ,report ,n    

lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! date ( enactm5t
 ( ?is ,act1 ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al ( !   
,unit$ ,/ates %all submit to ! ,secret>y
 ( ,en]gy & ! appropriate congressional 
committees a writt5 report conta9+ !    
results1 f9d+s1 & any associat$         
recomm5dations ( ! review requir$ "u    
subsection 7a74  7e7 ,dep>tm5t ( ,en]gy 
review ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft]       
receiv+ ! report f ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u subsection 7d71 !  
,secret>y ( ,en]gy %all-- 7#a7 evaluate 
su* report & any associat$              
recomm5dations2 &  7#b7 submit to !     
appropriate congressional committees an 
assessm5t ( su* report & any associat$  
recomm5dations1 includ+-- 7,a7 relevant 
consid]ations = ,congress reg>d+ !      
importance ( liquid cool+ = ! ,unit$    
,/ates to ma9ta9 its global lead 9 ,,ai 
te*nologies2 &  7,b7 recomm5dations =   
rese>* & developm5t on liquid cool+ &   
heat-reuse4  7f7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is     
section3  7#a7 ,,ai ,! t]m ,,ai has !   
mean+ giv5 ! t]m artificial intellig5ce 

9 section #ejjb ( ! ,national           
,artificial ,intellig5ce ,initiative    
,act ( #bjbj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #idja74     
7#b7 ,appropriate congressional         
committees ,! t]m appropriate           
congressional committees means--  7,a7 !
 ,committee on ,en]gy & ,natural        
,res\rces ( ! ,s5ate2 &  7,b7 !         
,committee on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 &        
,te*nology & ! ,committee on ,en]gy &   
,comm]ce ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4   
7#c7 ,directto*ip 7,,dtc7 liquid cool+  
,! t]m direct-to-*ip 7,,dtc7 liquid     
cool+ means a liquid cool+ me?od t      
involves circulat+ a coolant 9 direct   
contact ) applicable heat-g5]at+        
compon5ts1 su* z processors & memory    
modules1 to effici5tly absorb & transf] 
heat away4  7#d7 ,heatreuse ,! t]m      
heat-reuse means ! capture & transf] (  
wa/e heat f liquid loops = b5eficial    
second>y use ?r\gh appropriate int]faces
 & controls4  7#e7 ,imm]sion cool+ ,!   
t]m imm]sion cool+ means a cool+        
te*nique t involves subm]g+ electronic  

compon5ts 9 a dielectric fluid to absorb
 & dissipate heat )9 a preset temp]ature
 range4  7#f7 ,liquid cool+ ,! t]m      
liquid cool+ means utilization ( liquids
 to remove heat effici5tly f electronic 
compon5ts4  7#g7 ,national ,laboratory  
,! t]m ,national ,laboratory has ! mean+
 giv5 su* t]m 9 section #b ( ! ,en]gy   
,policy ,act ( #bjje 7#db ,u4,s4,c4     
#aehja74