,i #aai? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #eadd ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,septemb] #d1 #bjbe,mrs4 ,kiggans ( ,virg9ia introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces ,a ,,bill ,to ext5d ,f$]al recognition to ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 ,f$]al ,recognition ,act4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! ,h& ,site ,excavation 7#dd,,sn#bb7 9 ,s\?ampton ,c\nty 9 #aife1 #aiff1 & #aifi1 c>bon dates ! ance/ors ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 to #aehj4 ,! site exi/$ z e>ly z ,a4,d4 #ijj z highlight$ by a ,dep>tm5t ( ,hi/orical ,res\rces-approv$ ,/ate site m>k] ^: n>rative reflects ! site 0 long claim$ by ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe4 7#b7 ,! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indians made fir/ e?nohi/orical contact ) ! ,colonials 9 #afjh :5 ,na?aniel ,p[ell & ,anas ,todkill met !m at a village call$ ,tomihitton 9 ,nott[ay ,c\nty :ile look+ = in=mation g]mane to ! ,roanoke ,isl&'s survivors & ! ,lo/ ,colony ( #aehe4 7#c7 ,9 #afjg1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe 0 call$ ,man-goaks or ,m5-gwe by ! ,p[hatan ,conf$]ation's ,algonquian speak]s z li/$ 9 ! upp] left-h& quadrant on ,capta9 ,john ,smi?'s #afjg map ( ,virg9ia4 7#d7 ,9 #afej1 p] ! di>y entries ( ,james ,edw>d ,bl&1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indians 7 call$ by ! ,algonquian speak]s ,,na-,,da-,,wa mean+ snake1 enemy1 /eal?y 9 ! ,algonquian language1 :i* ! ,colonials rev]t$ to ,,nott[ay4 7#e7 ,9 ,may #afgf1 ,tribal w>riors ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe jo9$ =ces ) ,bacon 9 :at became kn[n z ! infam\s ,na?aniel ,bacon's ,rebellion1 result+ 9 ! d[nfall ( ! ,occonee*ee ,indians at ,occonee*ee ,isl& on ! ,roanoke ,riv] :i* 0 a cataly/ t lead to ! ,woodl& ,plantation ,treaty ( #afgg4 7#f7 ,! ,k+ ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe1 ,s>ahoeque1 sign$ ! ,woodl& ,plantation ,treaty 9 #afgg 9 ,williamsburg1 ,virg9ia1 be>+ 8 signature m>k ( #c riv]s repres5t+ ! ,nott[ay ,riv]1 & ! ,blackwat] ,riv] =m+ a =k :]e x met ! ,*[an ,riv]--h5ce ,p at ! =k ( ! /ream4 7#g7 ,! true "n ( ! ,nott[ay ,indians1 z p5n$ f #agbh to #bjaf1 9 ! pap]s & books au?or$ by hi/orians ,lewis ,b9=d1 ,alb]t ,gallat91 ,james ,tresevant 7,trezevant71 ,floyd ,pa9t]1 ,g>y ,williams1 & ,william ,a%ley ,h9son1 & ! ,w> ,pap]s ( #agif1 is ,,*]o5haka mean+ ,p at ! =k ( ! /ream4 7#h7 ,9 #agaa1 ,colonial ,lieut5ant ,gov]nor ,alex&] ,spotswood met ) ! ,*ief 7,k+7 & ,*ief ,m5 ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe (f]+ ,treaty ,tribute =giv5ess ( ! ,treaty ( #afgg 7#bj beav] pelts7 if ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,*ief ,m5 7 to s5d _! #h- to #aj-ye>-old sons to ! ,braff]ton1 a s*ool = ,indians at ,william ,m>y ,college4 ,on ,novemb] #aa1 #agaa1 x 0 not$ t #b ( ! ,*ief ,m5's sons 7 att5d+ ! ,braff]ton4 7#i7 ,9 ! #ag? c5tury1 ! ,iroquoian-speak+ ,tribes occupi$ l&s ea/ ( ! inn] ,coa/al ,pla9s ( s\!a/]n ,virg9ia4 ,^! ,tribes 7 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay71 ! ,meh]r91 & ! ,tusc>ora4 7#aj7 ,on ,april #g1 #agbh1 ,william ,byrd ,,ii ( ,we/ov] visit$ ! village ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe 9 ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 record+ a description ( ! ,palisade ,=t & h[ ( all ! ,indig5\s ,tribes 9 ,virg9ia1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe 0 ! only ,tribe rema9+ 9 ,virg9ia ( any prom95ce4 7#aa7 ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian surnames cont9u$ to appe> on ! enrollm5t ro/] ( ! ,braff]ton ?r\gh\t ! #agejs 7e4g41 ,capta9 ,tom ,/ep1 ,capta9 ,sam1 ,alex&] ,s*ol>1 ,billy ,john7s71 & ,s*ool ,rob9 a4k4a4 ,rob]t ,s*alor71 z docum5t$ 9 ! #aihd ,graduate ,!sis1 ,s ,great] ,"w1 by ,k>5 ,a4 ,/u>t = h] ,m4,a4 degree at ,william ,m>y ,college1 all ( :om submitt$ a petition = pay on ,m>* #h1 #agei1 = s]v+ 9 ! ,fr5* & ,indian ,w> "u ,george ,wa%+ton4 7#ab7 ,9 #ahaf1 new tru/ees 7 appo9t$ = ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian's ,res]vation4 ,^! tru/ees 7 emp[]$ to make reasonable rules & regulations = ! ,tribe & = ! exp5diture ( ! money held 9 tru/ = !m1 :i* 0 to cont9ue s long z any numb] ( ! ,tribe 0 /ill liv+4 ,any funds rema9+ on h& 7 !n to be paid into ! public treasury4 7#ac7 ,on ,m>* #d1 #ahbj1 ,john ,wood1 a =m] ,william ,m>y ,college pr(essor ( ma!matics1 met ) ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe's ,que51 accord+ to ,?omas ,jeff]son1 by ! "n ( ,edy ,turn]1 a4k4a4 ,wane ,r\ns]aw1 7#aged-ahcd71 on ! ,tribe's l& 9 ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 & record$ ! language ( ! ,tribe4 7#ad7 ,9 #ahch1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe's ,que5 ,edy 7,edi?7 ,turn]'s la/ w & te/am5t 0 probat$ 9 ! c\rts ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 ,on ,m>* #bg1 #bjjh1 ! ,libr>y ( ,virg9ia honor$ ,que5 ,edy ,turn]1 po/hum\sly1 9 _! special aw>ds c]emony1 titl$ ,wom5 ,9 ,hi/ory1 by pres5t+ an aw>d on h] behalf to ! curr5t ,*ief ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 7#ae7 ,! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 has m ?an #cbe ,tribal citiz5s on its rolls1 all ( :om1 via a pap] trail1 c docum5t _! g5ealogical l9e to an e?nohi/oric surname ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 7#af7 ,! ,tribe curr5tly owns #bfc acres ( ,tribal l& 9 ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,c\rtl& ,virg9ia1 =m]ly ,j]usalem1 :i* is "p ( its orig9al #da1jjj acres ( res]vation l& t 0 grant$ to ! ,tribe by ! ,h\se ( ,burgesses 9 #agje4 7#ag7 ,! ,virg9ia ,racial ,integrity ,act ( #aibd "u ! direction ( ! ,virg9ia ,bureau ( ,vital ,/ati/ics1 p] ,walt] ,pleck]1 its fir/ director1 via pap] g5ocide negat$ out ,virg9ia ,indians by reclassify+ ! ,indians z color$ or mulatto4 ,?is reclassification has creat$ g5ealogical gaps1 mak+ x ne>ly impossible = ,virg9ia ,tribes to ga9 ,f$]al recognition via ! ,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs 7,,bia7 process4 7#ah7 ,9 #agje1 ! ,h\se ( ,burgesses grant$ #b tracts ( res]vation l& to ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe--! ,circle ,tract 7#ah1jjj acres7 & ! ,squ>e ,tract 7#bc1jjj acres71 total+ "s #da1jjj acres ( res]vation l&4 ,! #b tracts fell )9 ! conf9es ( :at 0 !n ,isle ( ,wight ,c\nty1 n[ ,s\?ampton & ,sussex ,c\nties4 ,! ,tribe's res]vation l& 0 sold (f betwe5 #agce & #ahge1 ) ! la/ acres belong+ to ! ,sykes family be+ sold 9 #aiec = back taxes4 7#ai7 ,z a result ( res]vation l& sales1 9 ! e>ly #ahcjs1 _m memb]s ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 ! ,turn]s1 ,rog]s1 ,woodson1 ,artis1 ,br[n1 ,sykes1 ,cutl]1 & ,bailey1 left ! ,tribe's res]vation & relocat$ to n[ ,highway ,no4 #fhf1 #b miles back 9 ! woods1 & settl$ (f ! banks ( ,j5k9s & ,bean ,creeks1 to a place t became kn[n z ,artis ,t[n4 7#bj7 ,9 ,july #ahjh1 ! ,gov]nor ( ! ,commonweal? ( ,virg9ia m&at$ a ,special ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,c5sus be tak5 ( ^? ,indians1 docum5t+ by "n 7colonial names giv57 ( ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indians /ill liv+ on ! rema9+ #g1jjj acres ( ! ,tribe's res]vation l& 9 ,c\rtl&1 ,virg9ia4 7#ba7 ,f #aiah to #aieg1 ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian *ildr5 liv+ 9 ,artis ,t[n1 & _! desc5dants liv+ on ,artis ,t[n ,road 9 accordance ) ! #aibj1 #aicj1 & #aidj c5sus1 att5d$ ,diamond ,grove s*ool1 a ,ros5wald ,s*ool built 9 #aiah1 & _! desc5dants cont9u$ to att5d ! s*ool until ! s*ool clos$ 9 #aieg4 7#bb7 ,! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 is an (ficially ,/ate-recogniz$ ,tribe by ! ,commonweal? ( ,virg9ia via ,h4,j4 ,res #aga 7,virg9ia ,h\se ( ,delegates1 #bjaj7 & ,s4,j4 ,res4 #abg 7,virg9ia ,s5ate1 #bjaj74 7#bc7 ,! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe's ,k+1 ,ouracoorass ,te]he] a4k4a4 ,william ,edmund1 sign$ a /& alone treaty ) ,virg9ia's provisional ,lieut5ant ,gov]nor ,alex&] ,spotswood on ,febru>y #bg1 #agac1 t requir$ a ,peace ,tribute ( #c arr[s to be deliv]$ & pres5t$ to ! ,virg9ia sitt+ ,gov]nor1 annually1 on ,sa9t ,george's ,day1 ,april #bc4 7#bd7 ,! ,tribe has pres5t$ ! ,spotswood treaty tribute to ! sitt+ ,virg9ia ,gov]nor on ! #bii?1 #cjj?1 #cja/1 #cjb;d1 #cjc;d1 #cjd?1 #cje?1 #cjf?1 #cjg?1 #cjh?1 #cji?1 #caj?1 #caa?1 & ! #cab? anniv]s>ies ( ! treaty4 7#be7 ,on ,febru>y #b1 #bjjb1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 reorganiz$ ! e?nohi/oric ,tribe by br++ toge!r family clu/]s ( ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indians /ill liv+ 9 ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 ,9 ,m>* #bjjb1 ! ,tribe laun*$ its con/itution & bylaws & elect$ its fir/ mod]n-day ,*ief--,*ief ,walt ,r$ ,hawk ,br[n4 7#bf7 ,on ,decemb] #g1 #bjjb1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe submitt$ a lett] ( int5t to ! ,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs 7,,bia71 ,(fice ( ,f$]al ,ackn[l$gm5t 7,,(a7 /at+ t x w\ld be fil+ = ,f$]al recognition via ! ,,bia4 7#bg7 ,on ,decemb] #b1 #bjje1 ! ,tribe receiv$ a lett] f ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior1 ,,(a1 li/+ ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe z ,petition] #bfd4 7#bh7 ,on ,septemb] #ba1 #bjjd1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe p>ticipat$ z #a ( ! #ejj ,tribes1 "s #bj1jjj ,natives1 9 ! gr& op5+ ( ! ,national ,museum ( ,am]ican ,indian 7,,nmai7 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,,dc4 ,9 honor ( ! ,tribe's p>ticipation1 ! "n ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe is engrav$ on ! ,,nmai ,honor ,wall 7panel #d4bb1 l9e #bj ( ! wall74 7#bi7 ,on ,novemb] #bf1 #bjjf1 ! ,tribe conduct$ a ,public ,peake 7,peace7 ,belt & ,pipe ,c]emony by ! bank ( ! ,nott[ay ,riv]1 on ! gr\nds ( ! ,s\?ampton ,c\nty ,c\rt ,h\se2 :]e91 elect$ (ficials f ! ,c\nties ( ,nott[ay1 ,sussex1 ,surry1 ,isle ( ,wight1 & ,s\?ampton pass$ ! peace pipe & pres5t$ ! ,tribe ) proclamations ( ,tribal recognition "u _! c\nties' (ficial seal4 7#cj7 ,f #bjjb to #bjbd1 ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe has giv5 ,native ,am]ican e?nohi/oric pres5tations to e milit>y in/allation1 aircraft c>ri]s1 colleges & univ]sities1 community colleges1 elem5t>y & middle s*ools1 ! ,daught]s ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution & ,ar*eological ,society ( ,virg9ia1 annually1 ?r\gh\t ,hampton ,roads1 ,s\?side ,virg9ia1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,nor!rn ,virg9ia1 & on ! ,hill 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,,dc1 includ+-- 7,a7 ho/+ #ce ,am]ican ,indian ,p[w[s & ,s*ool ,days1 celebrat+ #ddd ye>s ( ,tribal hi/ory2 & 7,b7 two television docum5t>ies1 %>+ ! ,tribe's ,native hi/ory ) "s #a1ejj1jjj individuals4 7#ca7 ,! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe has publi%$ #f ,tribal j\rnals1 issue ,i-,,vi1 titl$ ! ,wa,s,k,e,h,e,e 7to see 9 ! ,tribe's ,iroquoian language71 all ( :i* h be5 accept$ 9 ! collections ( ! ,libr>y ( ,virg9ia1 docum5t+ ! hi/ory ( ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,secret>y ,! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior4 7#b7 ,tribal citiz5 ,! t]m ,tribal citiz5 means an individual :o is an enroll$ memb] ( ! ,tribe z ( ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 7#c7 ,tribe ,! t]m ,tribe means ! ,*]o5haka 7,nott[ay7 ,indian ,tribe ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 #d4 ,f$]al recognition 7a7 ,f$]al recognition 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,f$]al recognition is ext5d$ to ! ,tribe4 7#b7 ,applicability ( laws ,all laws 7includ+ regulations7 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( g5]al applicability to ,indians ( nations1 ,indian ,tribes1 or b&s ( ,indians 7includ+ ! ,act ( ,june #ah1 #aicd 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #dfa et seq477 t are n inconsi/5t ) ?is ,act %all be applicable to ! ,tribe & ,tribal citiz5s4 7b7 ,f$]al s]vices & b5efits 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,tribe & ,tribal citiz5s %all be eligible = all s]vices & b5efits provid$ by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t to f$]ally recogniz$ ,indian ,tribes )\t reg>d to exi/5ce ( a res]vation = ! ,tribe4 7#b7 ,s]vice area ,! s]vice area = ! purpose ( deliv]y ( ,f$]al s]vices to ,tribal citiz5s %all be det]m9$ 9 coord9ation & consultation ) ! ,secret>y n lat] ?an #abj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #e4 ,memb]%ip2 gov]n+ docum5ts ,! memb]%ip roll & gov]n+ docum5ts ( ! ,tribe %all be ! mo/ rec5t memb]%ip roll & gov]n+ docum5ts1 respectively1 submitt$ by ! ,tribe to ! ,secret>y be=e ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #f4 ,gov]n+ body ,! gov]n+ body ( ! ,tribe %all be-- 7#a7 ! gov]n+ body 9 place z ( ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act2 or 7#b7 any subsequ5t gov]n+ body elect$ 9 accordance ) ! election proc$ure specifi$ 9 ! gov]n+ docum5t ( ! ,tribe4 #g4 ,res]vation ( ! ,tribe 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,^u ! reque/ ( ! ,tribe1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all take into tru/ any l& held 9 fee by ! ,tribe t 0 acquir$ on or be=e ,janu>y #a1 #bjjg1 if su* l&s are locat$ )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ,s\?ampton ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 7b7 ,deadl9e = det]m9ation ,! ,secret>y %all-- 7#a7 make a f9al writt5 det]m9ation n lat] ?an #c ye>s aft] ! date on :i* ! ,tribe submits a reque/ = l& to be tak5 into tru/ "u subsection 7a72 & 7#b7 imm$iately make t det]m9ation available to ! ,tribe4 7c7 ,res]vation /atus ,any l& tak5 into tru/ = ! b5efit ( ! ,tribe pursuant to ?is section %all1 ^u reque/ ( ! ,tribe1 be consid]$ "p ( ! res]vation ( ! ,tribe4 #h4 ,gam+ ,! ,tribe may n conduct gam+ activities z a matt] ( claim$ inh]5t au?ority or "u ! au?ority ( any ,f$]al law1 includ+ ! ,indian ,gam+ ,regulatory ,act 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #bgja et seq47 or "u any regulations !reund] promulgat$ by ! ,secret>y or ! ,national ,indian ,gam+ ,commission4 #i4 ,hunt+1 fi%+1 trapp+1 ga!r+1 & wat] rights ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act exp&s1 r$uces1 or affects 9 any mann] any hunt+1 fi%+1 trapp+1 ga!r+1 or wat] rights ( ! ,tribe & ,tribal citiz5s4