,i #aai? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #dgfc ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,july #be1 #bjbe,mr4 ,magaz9] 7= himself1 ,ms4 ,adams1 ,ms4 ,budz9ski1 ,mr4 ,c>son1 ,mr4 ,cas>1 ,mr4 ,cleav]1 ,ms4 ,crockett1 ,mr4 ,davis ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,deluzio1 ,mrs4 ,d+ell1 ,mr4 ,evans ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mr4 ,fields1 ,mr4 ,fro/1 ,mr4 ,g>cia ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4 ,g>cia ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,g>ca ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,goldman ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,gomez1 ,mrs4 ,hayes1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,ms4 ,hoyle ( ,oregon1 ,ms4 ,jayapal1 ,mr4 ,khanna1 ,mr4 ,kri%namoor?i1 ,mr4 ,lyn*1 ,mr4 ,mc,govern1 ,mr4 ,m55dez1 ,ms4 ,m5g1 ,mr4 ,mull91 ,mr4 ,nadl]1 ,mr4 ,neguse1 ,ms4 ,ocasio-,cortez1 ,ms4 ,om>1 ,mr4 ,pocan1 ,mrs4 ,ramirez1 ,ms4 ,sn*ez1 ,ms4 ,s*ak[sky1 ,ms4 ,/ansbury1 ,ms4 ,titus1 ,ms4 ,tlaib1 ,mrs4 ,watson ,coleman1 ,ms4 ,williams ( ,georgia1 & ,mr4 ,tonko7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,education & ,work=ce1 & 9 addition to ! ,committees on ,h\se ,adm9i/ration1 ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m1 ! ,judici>y1 & ,transportation & ,infra/ructure1 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee conc]n$ ,a ,,bill ,to require employ]s to provide paid annual leave to employees1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,protect$ ,"t ,(f ,act or ! ,,pto ,act4 #b4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,comm]ce ,! t]ms comm]ce & indu/ry or activity affect+ comm]ce mean any activity1 bus9ess1 or indu/ry 9 comm]ce or 9 :i* a labor dispute w\ld h9d] or ob/ruct comm]ce or ! free fl[ ( comm]ce1 & include comm]ce & any indu/ry affect+ comm]ce1 z def9$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#c7 ( section #eja ( ! ,labor ,managem5t ,relations ,act1 #aidg 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #adb7a7 & 7#c774 7#b7 ,cov]$ employee ,! t]m cov]$ employee means an individual :o is-- 7,a7 7i7 an employee :o is n cov]$ "u any o!r provision ( ?is p>agraph1 except t a ref]5ce 9 su* section to an employ] %all be consid]$ a ref]5ce to an employ] describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,a77i77,i72 7ii7 an employee ( ! ,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice2 or 7iii7 an employee ( a cov]$ employ] describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,b77i77,,iv72 7,b7 a ,/ate employee describ$ 9 section #cjd7;a7 ( ! ,gov]nm5t ,employee ,rights ,act ( #aiia 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;e-#af;c7a771 o!r ?an an applicant = employm5t2 7,c7 a cov]$ employee 7z def9$ 9 section #daa7;c7 ( title #c1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code72 7,d7 a cov]$ employee 7z def9$ 9 section #aja ( ! ,congressional ,acc\ntability ,act ( #aiie 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #acja771 o!r ?an an applicant = employm5t2 or 7,e7 a ,f$]al (fic] or employee cov]$ "u sub*apt] ,v ( *apt] #fc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7)\t reg>d to ! limitation 9 section #fcha7a77;,b7 ( t title74 7#c7 ,employ] 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m employ] means any p]son :o is-- 7i7 7,i7 a cov]$ employ] :o is n describ$ 9 any o!r subclause ( ?is clause2 7,,ii7 an entity employ+ a ,/ate employee describ$ 9 section #cjd7;a7 ( ! ,gov]nm5t ,employee ,rights ,act ( #aiia2 7,,iii7 an employ+ (fice1 z def9$ 9 section #aja ( ! ,congressional ,acc\ntability ,act ( #aiie2 7,,iv7 an employ+ (fice1 z def9$ 9 section #daa7;c7 ( title #c1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 or 7,v7 an employ+ ag5cy cov]$ "u sub*apt] ,v ( *apt] #fc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 & 7ii7 engag$ 9 comm]ce 7includ+ gov]nm5t71 or any indu/ry or activity affect+ comm]ce 7includ+ gov]nm5t74 7,b7 ,cov]$ employ] 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,9 subp>agraph 7,a77i77,i71 ! t]m cov]$ employ]-- 7,i7 means any p]son engag$ 9 comm]ce or 9 any indu/ry or activity affect+ comm]ce :o employs #a or m employees = ea* work+ day dur+ ea* ( #bj or m cal5d> workweeks 9 ! curr5t or prec$+ ye>2 7,,ii7 includes ! ,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice & ! ,libr>y ( ,congress2 7,,iii7 includes-- 7aa7 any p]son :o acts1 directly or indirectly1 9 ! int]e/ ( an employ] cov]$ by ?is clause to any ( ! employees ( su* employ]2 & 7bb7 any successor 9 int]e/ ( su* an employ]2 & 7,,iv7 includes any c>ri] 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #a ( ! ,railway ,labor ,act 7#de ,u4,s4,c4 #aea77 & any c>ri] by air 7z describ$ 9 section #bja ( su* ,act 7#de ,u4,s4,c4 #aha774 7ii7 ,public ag5cy ,= purposes ( clause 7i71 a public ag5cy1 z def9$ 9 section #c7x7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7x771 %all be consid]$ to be a p]son engag$ 9 comm]ce or 9 an indu/ry or activity affect+ comm]ce4 7,c7 ,pr$ecessors ,any ref]5ce 9 ?is p>agraph to an employ] %all include a ref]5ce to any pr$ecessor ( su* employ]4 7#d7 ,,flsa def9itions ,! t]ms employ1 employee1 p]son1 & ,/ate h ! mean+s giv5 ! t]ms 9 section #c ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjc74 7#e7 ,paid annual leave ,! t]m paid annual leave-- 7,a7 means paid vacation leave & paid p]sonal leave provid$ to an employee by ! employ] ( su* employee to be us$ dur+ p]iod 9 :i* ! employee w\ld o!rwise "w2 & 7,b7 does n include-- 7i7 paid or unpaid family & m$ical leave provid$ by ! employ] or requir$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local law2 7ii7 leave provid$ "u ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfja1 et seq472 7iii7 sick leave provid$ by ! employ] or requir$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local law2 7iv7 b]eavem5t leave provid$ by ! employ] or requir$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate or local law2 7v7 leave provid$ by ! employ] or requir$ by ,f$]al ,/ate1 or local law = purposes relat$ to adoption or fo/]+ ( a *ild2 7vi7 leave relat$ to dome/ic viol5ce1 sexual assault1 or /alk+ provid$ by ! employ] or requir$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local law2 7vii7 leave provid$ by ! employ] or requir$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local law ) respect to a public heal? em]g5cy2 7viii7 abs5ce or paid leave "u work]s' comp5sation or a disability plan2 7ix7 leave provid$ by ! employ] or leave requir$ to be provid$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local law = holidays e/abli%$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local law2 or 7x7 leave provid$ by ! employ] or requir$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local law = jury duty1 civic duty1 or to vote4 7#f7 ,rail c>ri] ,! t]m rail c>ri] has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 section #ajajb ( title #di1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#g7 ,secret>y ,unless o!rwise specifi$1 ! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( ,labor4 #c4 ,e>n$ annual leave 7a7 ,e>n+ ( paid annual leave 7#a7 ,e>n+ ( annual leave ,an employ] %all provide ea* employee employ$ by ! employ] n less ?an #a h\r ( paid annual leave = e #be h\rs work$4 7#b7 ,limitation 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,= purposes ( comply+ ) p>agraph 7#a71 an employ] may n be requir$ to provide m ?an #hj h\rs ( paid annual leave to an employee dur+ any #ab-mon? p]iod4 7,b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section may be con/ru$ to preclude an employ] f provid+ m ?an #hj h\rs ( paid annual leave4 7#c7 ,comm5cem5t ( e>n+ paid annual leave ,an employee %all beg9 to e>n paid annual leave at ! comm5cem5t ( employm5t ( su* employee4 7#d7 ,ov]time exempt employee ,= purposes ( ?is section1 :]e an employ] is n requir$ by ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich to ma9ta9 & pres]ve records ( h\rs work$ because an employee is exempt f m9imum wage or ov]time requirem5ts "u su* ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bac7;a771 ! employee %all be deem$ to "w #dj h\rs 9 ea* workweek4 7b7 ,use ( paid annual leave 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,paid annual leave may be us$ by an employee = any reason4 7#b7 ,tim+ ,subject to p>agraphs 7#b7 & 7#c7 ( subsection 7c71 an employee may use paid annual leave e>n$ by ! employee z x is accru$4 7#c7 ,rate ( comp5sation 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an employee us+ paid annual leave %all be comp5sat$1 = ! p]iod t ! employee is us+ su* leave1 at ! regul> rate at :i* ! employee w\ld h be5 paid = su* p]iod if ! employee 7 n us+ paid annual leave4 7,b7 ,tipp$ employee ,= ! purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a71 ) respect to a tipp$ employee 7z def9$ 9 section #c7t7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7t7771 su* an employee %all be comp5sat$1 = ! p]iod t su* employee is us+ paid annual leave1 at a rate equival5t to ! high] (-- 7i7 ! ,f$]al m9imum wage2 7ii7 ! applicable ,/ate m9imum wage2 7iii7 ! applicable local or municipal m9imum wage2 7iv7 any o!r wage requir$ by law2 or 7v7 ! regul> rate at :i* ! employee is employ$4 7#d7 ,loan+ ( annual leave 7,a7 ,loan$ leave ,an employ] may loan paid annual leave to an employee = use by su* employee 9 advance ( ! employee e>n+ su* annual leave4 7,b7 ,reimbursem5t = loan$ leave ,an employ] may require an employee ( su* employ] to reimburse ! employ] = any annual leave loan$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 t su* employee has n e>n$ at ! "t ( sep>ation4 ,su* reimbursem5t %all be at ! rate describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c74 7#e7 ,increm5ts ( use ( paid annual leave ,an employ] %all all[ employees to use paid annual leave 9 increm5ts ( ! small] (-- 7,a7 h\rly increm5ts2 or 7,b7 ! smalle/ increm5t ( "t t ! employ]'s payroll sy/em uses to acc\nt = abs5ces or use ( o!r "t4 7#f7 ,b5efits reta9$ dur+ leave ,an employ] %all ma9ta9 any employm5t b5efits 7z def9$ 9 section #aja7e7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic7 provid$ to an employee dur+ any p]iod 9 :i* ! employee takes paid annual leave1 & su* b5efits %all be provid$ 9 ! same mann] z if ! employee _h cont9u$ 9 employm5t cont9u\sly = ! duration ( su* leave4 7c7 ,proc$ures = use ( paid annual leave 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to p>agraphs 7#b7 & 7#c71 an employee may use paid annual leave ^u ! v]bal or writt5 reque/ ( ! employee4 7#b7 ,employee notification 7,a7 ,employee notification ,an employee %all provide notice to ! employ] to use paid annual leave4 7,b7 ,notice describ$ ,! ,secret>y %all create sample notices = ! purpose describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a74 7,c7 ,tim+ ( notice ,an employ] may n require an employee to provide notice 9 excess ( #b weeks 9 advance ( ! use ( su* leave4 7,d7 ,un=eseeable use ( leave ,9 ! case ( an un=eseeable use ( leave1 an employee %all n be requir$ to provide ! notice requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7#c7 ,reasonable re/rictions 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an employ] may place limit$1 reasonable re/rictions = ! s*$ul+ ( paid annual leave = a bona fide bus9ess reason & may reject a s*$ul+ reque/ = su* leave = a bona fide bus9ess reason1 s long z ! employ]-- 7i7 provides o!r reasonable alt]native times1 z describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 = ! employee to s*$ule su* leave2 & 7ii7 & complies ) ! notice requirem5t describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c74 7,b7 ,reasonable alt]natives ,a reasonable alt]native "t describ$ 9 ?is subp>agraph is a date o!r ?an ! date ! employee reque/$ to use paid annual leave t is )9 #cj days ( su* date4 7,c7 ,d5ial notice ,9 ! case t an employ] d5ies a reque/ ( an employee to use paid annual leave1 ! employ] %all1 n lat] ?an #e bus9ess days aft] ! day ! employee made su* reque/1 provide to ! employee a writt5 notice-- 7i7 detail+ ! bona fide bus9ess reason = su* d5ial2 & 7ii7 t provides ! reasonable alt]native "t describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b74 7,d7 ,c n prev5t use ( expir+ leave ,su* reasonable alt]native "t may n be (f]$ to prev5t ! use ( paid annual leave t is set to expire4 7#d7 ,purpose ( use ( paid annual leave ,an employ] may n require an employee to disclose ! purpose or reason = :i* ! employee is us+ paid annual leave4 7#e7 ,c>ryov] ,an employ] %all p]mit an employee ( su* employ] to c>ry ov] up to #dj h\rs ( any accru$ & unus$ paid annual leave to ! foll[+ #ab-mon? p]iod4 7#f7 ,prohibition on f9d+ cov] ,an employ] may n require1 z a condition ( tak+ paid annual leave1 t an employee se>* = or f9d a replacem5t employee to cov] ! h\rs dur+ :i* ! employee is us+ su* annual leave4 7#g7 ,guidance ,n lat] ?an #ahj aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all provide guidance to employ]s on compliance ) p>agraph 7#c71 includ+ def9+ ! t]ms limit$ reasonable re/riction1 a bona fide bus9ess reason1 & a reasonable alt]native "t4 7d7 ,proc$ures reg>d+ leave = employee sep>ation 7#a7 ,comp5sation ,9 ! case t an employee sep>ates f an employ] & su* employee has unus$ paid annual leave1 ! employ] %all provide f9ancial comp5sation at a rate t is ! high] (-- 7,a7 ! av]age regul> rate receiv$ by su* employee dur+ ! la/ #c ye>s ( ! employee's employm5t2 or 7,b7 ! f9al regul> rate receiv$ by ! employee4 7#b7 ,re9/atem5t ,if an employee sep>ates f employm5t ) an employ] & is rehir$ )9 #ab mon?s aft] t sep>ation by ! same employ]-- 7,a7 9 ! case t ! employee _h paid annual leave 9 excess ( #hj h\rs t 0 n comp5sat$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! employ] %all re9/ate su* leave = ! employee2 & 7,b7 ! employee %all be entitl$ to use su* leave & e>n additional paid annual leave at ! recomm5cem5t ( employm5t ) ! employ]4 #d4 ,employ] notice & sy/em requirem5ts 7a7 ,notice requirem5t ,an employ] %all notify ea* employee ab\t ! paid annual leave policy ( su* employ]1 :i* %all include ! in=mation describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 by-- 7#a7 provid+ su* in=mation1 9 writ+1 to ea* employee on or be=e ! fir/ day ( employm5t ( su* employee2 7#b7 includ+ su* in=mation 9 any employee h&book2 & 7#c7 po/+ a notice conta9+ su* in=mation 9 a physical conspicu\s place on ! premises ( ! employ] or a virtual conspicu\s place1 :]e notices to employees are cu/om>ily po/$4 7b7 ,cont5ts ,! in=mation provid$ pursuant to subsection 7a7 %all include-- 7#a7 any paid annual leave policy ( su* employ]1 includ+ any paid annual leave policy t provides paid annual leave 9 excess ( ! requirem5ts ( ?is ,act2 7#b7 in=mation p]ta9+ to ! fil+ ( an action "u section #f2 7#c7 details ( any notice requirem5t ! employ] may require1 z describ$ 9 section #c7;c77#b72 & 7#d7 in=mation reg>d+-- 7,a7 ! protections t an employee has 9 ex]cis+ rights "u ?is ,act2 & 7,b7 h[ ! employee c contact ! ,secret>y 7or o!r appropriate au?ority z describ$ 9 section #f7 if any su* rights are violat$4 7c7 ,sy/em requirem5t ,an employ] %all e/abli% a sy/em1 su* z ?r\gh an onl9e portal1 writt5 reque/1 or ?r\gh pay /ubs1 to in=m ea* employee ( ! employ] h[ mu* paid annual leave ea* employee has e>n$4 #e4 ,prohibit$ acts 7a7 ,int]f]5ce ) rights ,x %all be unlawful = any employ] to-- 7#a7 violate any provision ( section #c or #d2 7#b7 dis*>ge or discrim9ate aga9/ 7includ+ to retaliate aga9/7 any individual1 includ+ a job applicant1 = ex]cis+1 or attempt+ to ex]cise1 any "r provid$ "u ?is ,act2 7#c7 use ! tak+ ( paid annual leave provid$ "u ?is ,act z a negative factor 9 an employm5t action1 su* z hir+1 promotion1 r$uc+ h\rs or numb]s ( %ifts1 or a discipl9>y action2 or 7#d7 c\nt ! use ( su* leave "u a no-fault att5dance policy or any o!r abs5ce-control policy4 7b7 ,int]f]5ce ) proce$+s or inquiries ,x %all be unlawful = any p]son to dis*>ge or 9 any o!r mann] discrim9ate aga9/ 7includ+ retaliat+ aga9/7 any individual1 includ+ a job applicant1 because su* individual-- 7#a7 has fil$ an action "u section #f1 or has in/itut$ or caus$ to be in/itut$ any proce$+1 "u ?is ,act2 7#b7 has giv51 or int5ds to give1 any in=mation 9 connection ) any inquiry or proce$+ relat+ to any "r provid$ "u ?is ,act2 or 7#c7 has te/ifi$1 or int5ds to te/ify1 9 any inquiry or proce$+ relat+ to any "r provid$ "u ?is ,act4 7c7 ,imp]missible consid]ation ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 or 7b7 %all be e/abli%$ :5 a compla9+ p>ty demon/rates t any action describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a71 7#b71 or 7#c7 ( subsections 7a7 or 7b7 0 a motivat+ factor 9 any su* action tak5 aga9/ ! compla9+ p>ty1 ev5 ?\gh o!r factors also motivat$ ! action4 #f4 ,en=cem5t & inve/igative au?ority 7a7 ,9 g5]al 7#a7 ,def9ition ,9 ?is subsection-- 7,a7 ! t]m employee means a cov]$ employee describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 7,b71 or 7,c7 ( section #b7b72 & 7,b7 ! t]m employ] means an employ] describ$ 9 subclauses 7,i7 or 7,,ii7 ( section #b7c77;,a77i74 7#b7 ,inve/igative au?ority 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,to ensure compliance ) ?is ,act1 or any regulation or ord] issu$ "u ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all h1 subject to subp>agraph 7,c71 ! inve/igative au?ority provid$ "u section #aa7;a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;a771 ) respect to employ]s1 employees1 & o!r individuals affect$ by an employ]4 7,b7 ,obligation to keep & pres]ve records ,an employ] %all make1 keep1 & pres]ve records p]ta9+ to compliance ) ?is ,act 9 accordance ) section #aa7;c7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;c77 & 9 accordance ) regulations prescrib$ by ! ,secret>y4 7,c7 ,requir$ submissions g5]ally limit$ to an annual basis ,! ,secret>y may n require an employ] to submit to ! ,secret>y any books or records m ?an once dur+ any #ab-mon? p]iod1 unless ! ,secret>y has reasonable cause to believe !re may exi/ a violation ( ?is act or any regulation or ord] issu$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 or is inve/igat+ a *>ge pursuant to p>agraph 7#d74 7,d7 ,subpo5a au?ority ,= ! purposes ( any inve/igation provid$ = 9 ?is p>agraph1 ! ,secret>y %all h ! subpo5a au?ority provid$ = "u section #i ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bji74 7#c7 ,private "r ( action 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an action to recov] damages or equitable relief prescrib$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b7 may be ma9ta9$ aga9/ any employ] 9 any ,f$]al or ,/ate c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction by an employee or individual or a repres5tative = & on behalf (-- 7i7 ! employee or individual2 or 7ii7 ! employee or individual & o!rs simil>ly situat$4 7,b7 ,liability ,any employ] :o violates section #e %all be liable to any employee or individual affect$-- 7i7 = damages equal to-- 7,i7 ! am\nt (-- 7aa7 any wages1 sal>y1 employm5t b5efits1 or o!r comp5sation d5i$ or lo/ by reason ( ! violation2 or 7bb7 9 a case 9 :i* wages1 sal>y1 employm5t b5efits1 or o!r comp5sation h n be5 d5i$ or lo/1 any actual monet>y losses su/a9$ z a direct result ( ! violation up to a sum equal to #hj h\rs ( wages or sal>y = ! employee or individual2 7,,ii7 ! int]e/ on ! am\nt describ$ 9 subclause 7,i7 calculat$ at ! prevail+ rate2 & 7,,iii7 an additional am\nt z liquidat$ damages2 & 7ii7 = su* equitable relief z may be appropriate1 includ+ employm5t1 re9/atem5t1 & promotion4 7,c7 ,fees & co/s ,! c\rt 9 an action "u ?is subsection %all1 9 addition to any judgm5t aw>d$ to ! pla9tiff1 all[ a reasonable attorney's fee1 reasonable exp]t witness fees1 & o!r co/s to be paid by ! def5dant4 7,d7 ,limitations 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 an action may be br\ght "u p>agraph 7#b7 or 7#c7 n m ?an #b ye>s aft] ! date ( ! la/ ev5t con/itut+ ! alleg$ violation = :i* ! action is br\ght4 7ii7 ,willful violation ,9 ! case ( an action br\ght = a willful violation ( section #e 7includ+ a willful violation relat+ to rights provid$ "u section #c71 su* action may be br\ght n m ?an #c ye>s aft] ! la/ ev5t con/itut+ ! alleg$ violation = :i* su* action is br\ght4 7iii7 ,comm5cem5t ,9 det]m9+ :5 an action is comm5c$ "u p>agraph 7#b7 or 7#c7 = ! purposes ( ?is subsection1 ! action %all be consid]$ to be comm5c$ on ! date :5 ! compla9t is fil$4 7#d7 ,actions by ! ,secret>y 7,a7 ,adm9i/rative actions ,! ,secret>y %all receive1 inve/igate1 & attempt to resolve compla9ts ( violations ( section #e 9 ! same mann] t ! ,secret>y receives1 inve/igates1 & attempts to resolve compla9ts ( violations ( sections #f & #g ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjf & #bjg74 7,b7 ,civil action ,! ,secret>y may br+ an action 9 any c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction to recov] ! damages describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#c77;,b74 7,c7 ,sums recov]$ ,any sums recov]$ by ! ,secret>y pursuant to subp>agraph 7,b7 %all be held 9 a special deposit acc\nt & %all be paid1 on ord] ( ! ,secret>y1 directly to ea* employee or individual affect$4 ,any sums n paid to an employee or individual affect$ because ( ! inability to d s )9 a p]iod ( #c ye>s %all be deposit$ into ! ,treasury ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates z miscellane\s receipts4 7,d7 ,action = injunction by ,secret>y ,! di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all h jurisdiction1 = cause %[n1 9 an action br\ght by ! ,secret>y-- 7i7 to re/ra9 violations ( section #e 7includ+ a violation relat+ to rights provid$ "u section #c71 includ+ ! re/ra9t ( any )hold+ ( wages1 sal>y1 employm5t b5efits1 or o!r comp5sation1 plus int]e/1 f\nd by ! c\rt to be due to employees or individuals eligible "u ?is ,act2 or 7ii7 to aw>d su* o!r equitable relief z may be appropriate1 includ+ employm5t1 re9/atem5ts1 & promotion4 7,e7 ,solicitor ( ,labor ,! ,solicitor ( ,labor may appe> = an repres5t ! ,secret>y on any litigation br\ght "u ?is subsection4 7b7 ,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice & ,libr>y ( ,congress ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( ?is section1 9 ! case ( ! ,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice & ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ! au?ority ( ! ,secret>y "u ?is subsection %all be ex]cis$ respectively by ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress4 7c7 ,employees cov]$ by ,congressional ,acc\ntability ,act ( #aiie ,! p[]s1 rem$ies1 & proc$ures provid$ 9 ! ,congressional ,acc\ntability ,act ( #aiie 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #acja et seq47 to ! ,bo>d 7z def9$ 9 section #aja ( t ,act 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #acja771 or any p]son1 alleg+ a violation ( section #bjb7;a77#a7 ( t ,act 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #acab7;a77#a77 %all be ! p[]s1 rem$ies1 & proc$ures ?is ,act provides to t ,bo>d1 or any p]son1 alleg+ an unlawful employm5t practice 9 violation ( ?is ,act aga9/ an employee describ$ 9 section #b7b77;,d74 7d7 ,employees cov]$ by *apt] #fc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code ,! p[]s1 rem$ies1 & proc$ures provid$ 9 title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 to an employ+ ag5cy1 provid$ 9 *apt] #ab ( t title to ! ,m]it ,sy/ems ,protection ,bo>d1 or provid$ 9 t title to any p]son1 alleg+ a violation ( *apt] #fc ( t title1 %all be ! p[]s1 rem$ies1 & proc$ures ?is ,act provides to t ag5cy1 t ,bo>d1 or any p]son1 respectively1 alleg+ an unlawful employm5t practice 9 violation ( ?is ,act aga9/ an employee describ$ 9 section #b7b77;,e74 7e7 ,rem$ies = ,/ate employees 7#a7 ,waiv] ( sov]eign immunity ,a ,/ate's receipt or use ( ,f$]al f9ancial assi/ance = any program or activity ( a ,/ate %all con/itute a waiv] ( sov]eign immunity1 "u ! #aa? ,am5dm5t ( ! ,con/itution or o!rwise1 to a suit br\ght by an employee ( t program or activity "u ?is ,act = equitable1 legal1 or o!r relief au?oriz$ "u ?is ,act4 7#b7 ,(ficial capacity ,an (ficial ( a ,/ate may be su$ 9 ! (ficial capacity ( ! (ficial by any employee :o has compli$ ) ! proc$ures ( subsection 7a77#c71 = injunctive relief t is au?oriz$ "u ?is ,act4 ,9 su* a suit1 ! c\rt may aw>d to ! prevail+ p>ty ^? co/s au?oriz$ by section #gbb ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aihh74 7#c7 ,applicability ,) respect to a p>ticul> program or activity1 p>agraph 7#a7 applies to conduct occurr+ on or aft] ! day1 aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 on :i* a ,/ate fir/ receives or uses ,f$]al f9ancial assi/ance = t program or activity4 7#d7 ,program or activity def9$ ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m program or activity has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #fjf ( ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;d-#d;a74 7f7 ,collective b>ga9+ agreem5t resolution ,9 addition to ! en=cem5t me*anisms set =? 9 ?is section1 an employee or labor organization may also use a grievance & arbitration proc$ure ( a collective b>ga9+ agreem5t to en=ce collectively b>ga9$ provisions relat+ to paid annual leave4 #g4 ,effect on o!r laws & exi/+ agreem5ts 7a7 ,/ate or municipal laws 7#a7 ,great] leave rights ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to sup]s$e any provision ( any ,/ate or local law t provides great] paid annual leave or o!r leave rights to employees or individuals ?an ! rights e/abli%$ "u ?is ,act4 7#b7 ,di/+ui% betwe5 types ( leave ,= ! purposes ( ?is subsection1 a ,/ate or municipal law t does n di/+ui% betwe5 "t e>n$ = paid annual leave & "t e>n$ = sick leave %all be deem$ a law t provides less] paid annual leave or o!r rights to employees or individuals ?an ! rights e/abli%$ "u ?is ,act4 7b7 ,m protective agreem5ts ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to dim9i% ! obligation ( an employ] to comply ) any contract1 collective b>ga9+ agreem5t1 or any employm5t b5efit program or plan t provides great] paid annual leave or o!r leave rights to employees or individuals ?an ! rights e/abli%$ "u ?is ,act4 7c7 ,less protective agreem5ts ,! rights e/abli%$ = employees "u ?is ,act %all n be dim9i%$ by any contract1 collective b>ga9+ agreem5t1 or any employm5t program or plan4 #h4 ,aw>5ess campaign 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all c>ry out a public aw>5ess campaign to in=m ! public ab\t ! paid annual leave e/abli%$ "u ?is ,act1 :i* %all include in=mation ab\t-- 7#a7 ! rights provid$ to an employee "u ?is ,act2 & 7#b7 res\rces available to an employee if ! employee believes ! rights provid$ "u ?is act h be5 violat$4 7b7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ su* sums z are necess>y to c>ry out ?is section4 #i4 ,effective dates 7a7 ,effective date ,?is ,act %all take effect #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 7b7 ,collective b>ga9+ agreem5ts ,9 ! case ( a collective b>ga9+ agreem5t 9 effect on ! effective date prescrib$ "u subsection 7a71 ! ,act %all take effect on ! e>li] (-- 7#a7 ! date ( ! t]m9ation ( su* agreem5t2 7#b7 ! date ( any am5dm5t1 made on or aft] su* effective date1 to su* agreem5t2 or 7#c7 ! date t occurs #ah mon?s aft] su* effective date4