,i  #aaith ,,congress  #ast ,session    
,h4 ,r4 #dabd  ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of  
,,representatives  ,june #be1 #bjbe,mr4 
,casten introduced the following bill2  
which was referred to the ,committee on 
the ,judiciary  ,a ,,bill  ,to reform   
the ,supreme ,court of the ,united      
,states1 and for other purposes4  #a4   
,short title ,this ,act may be cited as 
the ,restoring ,judicial ,separation of 
,powers ,act4  ,i ,organization of      
courts  #aja4 ,direct appeals  7a7 ,in  
general ,section #abec of title #bh1    
,united ,states ,code1 is amended to    
read as follows3  #abec4 ,direct appeals
 from decisions of three-judge courts   
,except as otherwise provided by law1   
any party may appeal to the ,united     
,states ,court of ,appeals for the      
,district of ,columbia ,circuit from an 
order granting or denying1 after notice 
and hearing1 an interlocutory or        
permanent injunction in any civil       
action1 suit or proceeding required by  
any ,act of ,congress to be heard and   

determined by a district court of three 
judges4  4  #ajb4 ,courts of appeals    
review ,section #abed of title #bh1     
,united ,states ,code1 is amended to    
read as follows3  #abed4 ,courts of     
appeals2 certiorari2 certified questions
 ,cases in the courts of appeals may be 
reviewed by the ,united ,states ,court  
of ,appeals for the ,district of        
,columbia ,circuit by the following     
methods3 7#a7 ,by writ of certiorari    
granted upon the petition of any party  
to any civil or criminal case1 before or
 after rendition of judgment or decree4 
7#b7 ,by certification at any time by a 
court of appeals of any question of law 
in any civil or criminal case as to     
which instructions are desired1 and upon
 such certification the ,united ,states 
,court of ,appeals for the ,district of 
,columbia ,circuit may give binding     
instructions or require the entire      
record to be sent up for decision of the
 entire matter in controversy4  4  #ajc4
 ,final decisions of district courts    

,section #abia of title #bh1 ,united    
,states ,code1 is amended by striking in
 the ,supreme ,court and inserting in   
the ,united ,states ,court of ,appeals  
for the ,district of ,columbia ,circuit4
  #ajd4 ,jurisdiction for the ,united   
,states ,court of ,appeals for the      
,district of ,columbia ,circuit  7a7 ,in
 general ,chapter #hc of title #bh1     
,united ,states ,code1 is amended by    
adding at the end the following3  #abig4
 ,multi-circuit panel of ,united ,states
 ,court of ,appeals for the ,district of
 ,columbia ,circuit  7a7 ,convening     
multi-,circuit panel ,each year the     
chief judge of the ,united ,states      
,court of ,appeals for the ,district of 
,columbia ,circuit shall convene a      
multi-circuit panel of #ac judges       
consisting of each of the following3    
7#a7  ,associate judges  ,the           
multi-circuit panel shall consist of #a 
judge to be randomly selected from each 
of the following circuit courts of      
appeals3  7,a7 ,united ,states ,court of

 ,appeals for the ,district of ,columbia
 ,circuit4  7,b7 ,united ,states ,court 
of ,appeals for the ,first ,circuit4    
7,c7 ,united ,states ,court of ,appeals 
for the ,second ,circuit4  7,d7 ,united 
,states ,court of ,appeals for the      
,third ,circuit4  7,e7 ,united ,states  
,court of ,appeals for the ,fourth      
,circuit4  7,f7 ,united ,states ,court  
of ,appeals for the ,fifth ,circuit4    
7,g7 ,united ,states ,court of ,appeals 
for the ,sixth ,circuit4  7,h7 ,united  
,states ,court of ,appeals for the      
,seventh ,circuit4  7,i7 ,united ,states
 ,court of ,appeals for the ,eighth     
,circuit4  7,j7 ,united ,states ,court  
of ,appeals for the ,ninth ,circuit4    
7,k7 ,united ,states ,court of ,appeals 
for the ,tenth ,circuit4  7,l7 ,united  
,states ,court of ,appeals for the      
,eleventh ,circuit4  7#b7 ,chief judge  
,the multi-circuit panel shall consist  
of #a chief judge to be randomly        
selected from the circuit courts of     
appeals described in paragraph 7#a74    

7b7 ,jurisdiction ,the chief judge of   
the ,united ,states ,court of ,appeals  
for the ,district of ,columbia ,circuit 
shall assign to the multi-circuit panel 
any case in which the ,united ,states or
 a ,federal agency is a party1 or a case
 concerning constitutional              
interpretation1 statutory interpretation
 of ,federal law1 or the function or    
actions of an executive order4  7c7     
,duration of service ,each judge of the 
multi-circuit panel shall serve on the  
panel during the period beginning at #aj
 a4m4 7,eastern ,time ,zone7 on the     
first ,monday in ,october and ending at 
#i3ei a4m4 7,eastern ,time ,zone7 on the
 first ,monday in ,october of the       
following year4  7d7 ,acts of ,congress 
,a supermajority of not less than #gj   
percent of judges of the multi-circuit  
panel described in subsection 7a7 shall 
be required to affirm any decision which
 holds that any ,act of ,congress is1 in
 whole or in part1 unconstitutional1    
unlawful1 or otherwise invalid4  4  7b7 

,clerical amendment ,the table of       
sections for chapter #hc of title #bh1  
,united ,states ,code1 is amended by    
inserting after the item relating to    
section #abif the following3  #abig4    
,multi-circuit panel of ,united ,states 
,court of ,appeals for the ,district of 
,columbia ,circuit4  4  #aje4 ,effective
 date ,this title1 and the amendments   
made by this title1 shall apply in      
,october of the year following the date 
of enactment of this ,act4  ,,ii        
,injunctions and court dockets  #bja4   
,anti-,nationwide ,injunction  7a7 ,in  
general ,chapter #aee of title #bh1     
,united ,states ,code1 is amended by    
adding at the end the following3  #bbhe4
 ,nationwide injunction  7a7 ,in general
 ,whenever any action before a court of 
the ,united ,states seeks injunctive    
relief restraining the enforcement of   
any ,federal statute1 regulation1 or    
order against a nonparty1 the court     
shall1 upon a motion of a party to the  
action made not later than #cj days     

after an initial filing requesting such 
relief1 transfer such action to the     
,united ,states ,court of ,appeals for  
the ,district of ,columbia ,circuit4    
7b7 ,consolidation ,the ,court shall    
have the power to consolidate several   
cases concerning the same matter into a 
single case under ,rule #db of the      
,federal ,rules of ,civil ,procedure4  4
  7b7 ,clerical amendment ,the table of 
sections for chapter #aee of title #bh1 
,united ,states ,code1 is amended by    
inserting after the item relating to    
section #bbhd the following3  #bbhe4    
,nationwide injunction4  4  #bjb4       
,shadow docket limitation2 application  
to ,united ,states ,court of ,appeals   
for the ,district of ,columbia ,circuit 
7a7 ,in general ,section #baja of title 
#bh1 ,united ,states ,code1 is amended--
  7#a7 in the section heading1 by       
striking ,supreme ,court2 time for      
appeal and inserting ,time for appeal2  
7#b7 in subsection 7a71 by inserting 1  
the ,united ,states ,court of ,appeals  

for the ,district of ,columbia ,circuit1
 or a multi-circuit panel described in  
section #abig after ,supreme ,court the 
first place it appears2  7#c7 in        
subsection 7b71 by inserting 1 the      
,united ,states ,court of ,appeals for  
the ,district of ,columbia ,circuit1 or 
a multi-circuit panel described in      
section #abig after ,supreme ,court2    
7#d7 in subsection 7c7--  7,a7 by       
inserting 1 the ,united ,states ,court  
of ,appeals for the ,district of        
,columbia ,circuit1 or a multi-circuit  
panel described in section #abig after  
,supreme ,court the first place it      
appears2 and  7,b7 by striking ,a       
justice of the ,supreme ,court and      
inserting ,a justice or judge of the    
relevant court2  7#e7 in subsection 7e71
 by inserting 1 the ,united ,states     
,court of ,appeals for the ,district of 
,columbia ,circuit1 or a multi-circuit  
panel described in section #abig after  
,supreme ,court2  7#f7 in subsection    
7f7--  7,a7 by inserting 1 the ,united  

,states ,court of ,appeals for the      
,district of ,columbia ,circuit1 or a   
multi-circuit panel described in section
 #abig after review by the ,supreme     
,court2  7,b7 by striking from the      
,supreme ,court and inserting from the  
court2 and  7,c7 by striking in the     
,supreme ,court and inserting in the    
court2 and  7#g7 by adding at the end   
the following3  7h7 ,no order reversing 
a decision of a court on appeals before 
the ,supreme ,court1 the ,united ,states
 ,court of ,appeals for the ,district of
 ,columbia ,circuit1 or a multi-circuit 
panel described in section #abig1 shall 
issue unless such court provides to the 
parties a written explanation supporting
 such reversal1 which shall be published
 on the website of such court4  4  7b7  
,clerical amendment ,the table of       
sections for chapter #acc of title #bh1 
,united ,states ,code1 is amended by    
striking the item related to section    
#baja and inserting the following3      
#baja4 ,time for appeal of certiorari2  

docketing2 stay4  4  #bjc4 ,effective   
date ,this title1 and the amendments    
made by this title1 shall take effect on
 the date of enactment of this ,act4