,i  #aai? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #cbei  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,may #g1 #bjbe,ms4    
,/ev5s 7= h]self & ,ms4 ,t5ney7         
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to
 ! ,committee on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 &     
,te*nology  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d !       
,national ,quantum ,initiative ,act & ! 
,cyb] ,security ,rese>* & ,developm5t   
,act to advance ! rapid deploym5t ( po/ 
quantum cyb]security /&>ds across !     
,unit$ ,/ates economy1 support ,unit$   
,/ates cryptography rese>*1 & = o!r     
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,po/ ,quantum ,cyb]security
 ,/&>ds ,act4  #b4 ,,ni/ cryptography   
programs & ,,nsf cryptography rese>*    
7a7 ,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds &      
,te*nology cryptography programs ,!     
,national ,quantum ,initiative ,act is  
am5d$--  7#a7 9 section #b 7#ae         
,u4,s4,c4 #hhja7-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+   
p>agraphs 7#d71 7#e71 7#f71 7#g71 ! fir/
 p>agraph 7#h7 7relat+ to ! def9ition ( 
,subcommittee on ,economic & ,security  

,implications71 & ! second p>agraph 7#h7
 7relat+ to ! def9ition ( ,subcommittee 
on ,quantum ,in=mation ,sci5ce7 z       
p>agraphs 7#e71 7#g71 7#h71 7#i71 7#aa71
 & 7#ab71 respectively2  7,b7 by ins]t+ 
aft] p>agraph 7#c7 ! foll[+ new         
p>agraph3  7#d7 ,critical infra/ructure 
,! t]m critical infra/ructure has !     
mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 section #ajaf7;e7 (
 ,public ,law #ajg-ef 7#db ,u4,s4,c4    
#eaie;c7e77  2  7,c7 by ins]t+ aft]     
p>agraph 7#e71 z s r$esignat$1 ! foll[+ 
new p>agraph3  7#f7 ,po/-quantum        
cryptography ,! t]m po/-quantum         
cryptography means ^? cryptographic     
algori?ms or me?ods t are assess$ n to  
be specifically vuln]able to attack by  
ei!r a quantum comput] or classical     
comput]4  2 &  7,d7 by ins]t+ aft]      
p>agraph 7#i71 z s r$esignat$1 ! foll[+ 
new p>agraph3  7#aj7 ,sector risk       
managem5t ag5cy ,! t]m sector risk      
managem5t ag5cy has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m
 9 section #bbjj ( ! ,homel& ,security  
,act ( #bjjb 7#f ,u4,s4,c4 #fej74  2 &  

7#b7 9 section #bja 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4      
#hhca71 by-- 7,a7 r$esignat+ subsection 
7c7 z subsection 7d72 &  7,b7 ins]t+    
aft] subsection 7b7 ! foll[+ new        
subsection3  7c7 ,po/ quantum           
cryptography deploym5t  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,!
 ,director ( ! ,national ,in/itute (    
,/&>ds & ,te*nology1 9 consultation ) ! 
,secret>y ( ,homel& ,security & ! heads 
( sector risk managem5t ag5cies1 z      
appropriate1 %all promote ! volunt>y    
adoption & deploym5t ( po/-quantum      
cryptography /&>ds1 includ+ by--  7,a7  
dissem9at+ & mak+ publicly available    
guidance & res\rces to help             
organizations adopt & deploy po/-quantum
 cryptography /&>ds2  7,b7 provid+      
te*nical assi/ance1 z practicable1 to   
entities t are high risk ( quantum      
cryptoanalytic attacks1 su* z entities  
det]m9$ to be critical infra/ructure or 
digital infra/ructure provid]s2 &  7,c7 
conduct+ su* o!r activities z det]m9$   
necess>y by ! ,director to promote !    
adoption & deploym5t ( po/-quantum      

cryptography /&>ds across ! ,unit$      
,/ates4  7#b7 ,grant program  7,a7 ,9   
g5]al ,subject to ! availability (      
appropriations & aft] ! date on :i* !   
,director ( ,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds
 & ,te*nology has issu$ po/-quantum     
cryptography /&>ds "u p>agraph 7#a71 !  
,director may e/abli% a program to      
id5tify & provide te*nical assi/ance    
?r\gh ! aw>d ( grants to entities t are 
at high risk ( quantum cryptoanalytic   
attacks1 includ+ by grant+ funds1 9     
adopt+ su* po/-quantum cryptographic    
/&>ds & rem$iat+ quantum-relat$         
vuln]abilities4  7,b7 ,use ( funds      
,grants aw>d$ to entities "u ?is        
subsection may be us$ to cov] reasonable
 co/s1 up to a specifi$ am\nt e/abli%$  
by ! ,director ( ! ,national ,in/itute (
 ,/&>ds & ,te*nology1 ( activities to   
adopt po/-quantum cryptographic /&>ds & 
rem$iate quantum-relat$ vuln]abilities4 
7,c7 ,guidance ,! ,director ( !         
,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds &          
,te*nology may develop1 & p]iodically   

update1 guidance1 includ+ eligibility1  
application disclosure requirem5ts1     
grant am\nt & duration1 & any additional
 requirem5ts reg>d+ ! aw>d ( grants "u  
?is p>agraph4  7,d7 ,consultation ,if ! 
program describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph is      
e/abli%$1 ! ,director ( ! ,national     
,in/itute ( ,/&>ds & ,te*nology %all    
consult ) ! ,director ( ! ,cyb]security 
& ,infra/ructure ,security ,ag5cy ( !   
,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security1 ! heads (
 o!r ,sector ,specific ,ag5cies & risk  
managem5t ag5cies1 & appropriate        
repres5tatives ( private sector         
entities1 includ+ nonpr(it              
organizations1 to %>e in=mation reg>d+ !
 program & guidance develop$ "u         
subp>agraph 7,c74  4  7b7 ,national     
,sci5ce ,f\ndation cryptography rese>*  
,subsection 7a77#a77;,a7 ( section #d ( 
! ,cyb] ,security ,rese>* & ,developm5t 
,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #gdjc7 is am5d$ by  
ins]t+ 1 includ+ po/-quantum            
cryptography be=e ! semicolon4