,i  #aai? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #cabb  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,april #cj1 #bjbe,mr4 
,smi? ( ,new ,j]sey 7= himself1 ,mr4    
,correa1 ,mr4 ,tran1 & ,ms4 ,l(gr57     
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to
 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs1 & 9   
addition to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y1
 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by 
! ,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation (  
su* provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction 
( ! committee conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to   
advance ,unit$ ,/ates national int]e/s  
by prioritiz+ ! protection (            
int]nationally recogniz$ human rights & 
developm5t ( ! rule ( law 9 relations   
betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,vietnam1 & =  
o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( 
cont5ts  7a7 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may  
be cit$ z ! ,vietnam ,human ,rights     
,act4  7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table (  
cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3  ,sec4  
#a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts4 ,sec4 
#b4 ,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #c4 ,/atem5t ( policy4
 ,sec4 #d4 ,sanctions = human rights    

violations 9 ,vietnam4 ,sec4 #e4        
,actions to combat onl9e c5sor%ip &     
surveillance 9 ,vietnam4 ,sec4 #f4      
,int]national religi\s fre$om4 ,sec4 #g4
 ,annual reports on ,unit$              
,/ates-,vietnam human rights dialogue   
meet+s4 ,sec4 #h4 ,def9itions4  #b4     
,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! 
relation%ip betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & !  
,sociali/ ,republic ( ,vietnam has gr[n 
sub/antially s9ce ! end ( ! trade emb>go
 9 #aiid1 ) annual trade betwe5 !       
c\ntries rea*+ #abd1jjj1jjj1jjj 9 #bjbc4
  7#b7 ,exp&$ economic activity & trade 
betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,vietnam1 has n
 be5 mat*$ by great] political fre$om or
 sub/antial improvem5ts 9 basic human   
rights = ! p ( ,vietnam4  7#c7 ,vietnam 
rema9s an au?orit>ian /ate rul$ by !    
,communi/ ,p>ty ( ,vietnam 7,,cpv7 :i*  
cont9ues to exp& coop]ation ) !         
,communi/ ,p>ty ( ,*9a 7,,ccp7 = example
 rec5tly jo9+ ,g5]al ,secret>y ,xi      
,j9p+'s anti-,unit$ ,/ates ,community ( 
,common ,de/9y4  7#d7 ,accord+ to !     

,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 ! ,gov]nm5t (        
,vietnam engag$ ! arbitr>y arre/ (      
political activi/s & individuals :o     
prote/$ l& seizures or o!r matt]s deem$ 
politically s5sitive & deta9$ at lea/   
#ahg p]sons = political or human rights 
activism4  #c4 ,/atem5t ( policy ,x is !
 policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to--  7#a7    
emb$ human rights conc]ns across ! full 
spectrum ( (ficial int]actions betwe5 ! 
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & !         
,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam to convey ! entire 
spectrum ( ,unit$ ,/ates int]e/s 9      
diplomatic engagem5t1 includ+ t concrete
 human rights improvem5ts are key p>ts (
 trade1 security1 humanit>ian           
coop]ation1 & economic developm5t2  7#b7
 assess ,vietnam's progress t[>d        
respect+ ! basic rights ( work]s1 z     
describ$ ! report requir$ by section    
#gjb ( ! ,=eign ,relations ,au?orization
 ,act1 ,fiscal ,ye> #bjjc 7,public ,law 
#ajg-bbh2 #bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean note71 to
 ensure t ,am]ican work]s are n         
disadvantag$ by unfair labor practices 9

 ,vietnam1 & press = ,vietnam's         
ratification ( ,,ilo ,conv5tions ,no4   
#hg 7,fre$om ( ,association &           
,protection ( ! ,"r to ,organize7 & ,no4
 #ih 7,"r to ,organize & ,collective    
,b>ga9+7 & ! recognition ( indep5d5t    
labor unions2  7#c7 b> f entry into !   
,unit$ ,/ates imports f ,vietnam t      
include inputs made ) =c$ labor f !     
,x9jiang ,uyghur ,autonom\s ,region1 su*
 z cotton1 alum9um1 polysilicon1 rayon  
or o!r raw or f9i%$ mat]ials id5tifi$ by
 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security1 p] !  
,uyghur ,=c$ ,labor ,prev5tion ,act2 &  
7#d7 to protect ,unit$ ,/ates nationals 
& ,unit$ ,/ates bus9esses by tak+ /eps  
to address cyb]-espionage &             
transnational repression ef=ts conduct$ 
by ,vietnam's ,m9i/ry ( ,public         
,security4  #d4 ,sanctions = human      
rights violations 9 ,vietnam  7a7       
,/atem5t ( policy ,x is ! policy ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates to regul>ly assess report+
 f intellig5ce1 diplomatic1 op5 s\rce1  
congressional1 & nongov]nm5tal          

organization s\rces to id5tify & impose 
travel & f9ancial re/rictions on        
(ficials ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam & o!r 
=eign p]sons work+ directly or          
indirectly = ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam :o1 
bas$ on cr$ible evid5ce--  7#a7 are--   
7,a7 responsible =1 ord]$1 or are       
complicit 9 ! arbitr>y det5tion1        
torture1 en=c$ disappe>ances (          
individuals 9 ,vietnam seek+ to obta91  
ex]cise1 def5d1 or promote              
int]nationally recogniz$ human rights2  
or  7,b7 responsible =1 ord]$1 or are   
complicit 9 acts ( significant          
corruption1 includ+ ! expropriation (   
private or public assets = p]sonal ga91 
corruption relat$ to gov]nm5t contracts 
or ! extraction ( natural res\rces1     
brib]y1 or ! facilitation or transf] ( !
 proce$s ( corruption to =eign          
jurisdictions2  7#b7 are responsible =  
surveillance1 c5sor%ip1 or det5tion (   
individuals 9 ,vietnam = ex]cis+ ! "r to
 ! fre$om ( expression onl9e or ^?      
responsible = =c+ ,unit$ ,/ates         

companies to c5sor or reveal p]sonally  
id5tifiable in=mation ( any individual  
ex]cis+ ?is "r2 or  7#c7 are responsible
 = p>ticul>ly sev]e violations (        
religi\s fre$om 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9   
section #c ( ! ,int]national ,religi\s  
,fre$om ,act ( #aiih 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4     
#fdjb774  7b7 ,sanctions  7#a7 ,global  
magnitsky human rights acc\ntability act
 ,! ,presid5t %\ld impose sanctions "u !
 ,global ,magnitsky ,human ,rights      
,acc\ntability ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bfef
 note7 ) respect to any p]son describ$ 9
 subsection 7a77#a74  7#b7 ,dep>tm5t (  
/ate1 =eign op]ations1 & relat$ programs
 appropriations act1 #bjai ,! ,secret>y 
( ,/ate %\ld impose sanctions describ$ 9
 section #gjca7;c77#a77;,a7 ( !         
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 ,=eign ,op]ations1 & 
,relat$ ,programs ,appropriations ,act1 
#bjai 7division ,f ( ! ,consolidat$     
,appropriations ,act1 #bjai2 ,public    
,law #aaf-f7 ) respect to any p]son     
describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b74  7#c7    
,immigration & nationality act ,!       

,secret>y ( ,/ate %\ld impose !         
sanctions describ$ 9 section            
#bab7;a77#b77;,g7 ( ! ,immigration &    
,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4         
#aahb7;a77#b77;,g77 to any =eign p]son  
describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#c74  7c7     
,report  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y (   
,/ate %all submit to ! appropriate      
congressional committees a report on    
sanctions impos$ on p]sons describ$ 9   
subsection 7a7 "u ! provisions ( law    
describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 includ+      
in=mation on-- 7,a7 ! numb] ( times     
sanctions 7 impos$ on su* p]sons "u su* 
provisions ( law2  7,b7 ! reasons =     
impos+ su* sanctions2 &  7,c7 :]e       
appropriate1 an id5tification ( !       
sanction$ p]sons4  7#b7 ,inclusion ,!   
report requir$ by ?is subsection %all be
 submitt$ z "p ( ! report requir$ by    
section ( ! ,=eign ,relations           
,au?orization ,act1 ,fiscal ,ye> #bjjc  
7,public ,law #ajg-bbh2 #bb ,u4,s4,c4   
#baean note74  #e4 ,actions to combat   
onl9e c5sor%ip & surveillance 9 ,vietnam

  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3   
7#a7 ,vietnam cont9ues to h "o ( ! _w's 
mo/ re/rictive int]net environm5ts1 )   
p]vasive filt]+ ( cont5t & ! frequ5t    
arre/s ( blogg]s & o!rs ^: only (f5se is
 to advocate onl9e = positions diff]5t  
?an ^? held by ! gov]nm5t4  7#b7 ,s9ce  
#bjac1 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam has issu$ 
laws & decrees1 includ+ a cyb]security  
law1 t increas$ its ability to surveil  
its citiz5s )\t judicial ov]sight or    
rec\rse4 ,! cyb]security law has be5 us$
 to *>ge ,vietnamese citiz5s ) vague    
crimes ( negat+ revolution>y a*ievem5ts 
& di/ribut+ mislead+ in=mation among !  
p4 ,vietnam's ,p5al ,code & ,decree #ae 
h also be5 us$ to r5d] _m legitimate    
onl9e activities illegal1 lead+ to !    
arre/ & det5tions ( political prison]s4 
7#c7 ,vietnam has rec5tly enact$ ,decree
 #adg1 a /r+5t int]net regulation t took
 effect on ,decemb] #be1 #bjbd4 ,decree 
#adg significantly tight5s gov]nm5tal   
control ov] ! int]net 9 ,vietnam1 pos+  
sub/antial ?reats to human rights &     

fre$om ( spee* by en=c+ us]             
id5tification1 facilitat+ /ate          
surveillance1 & enabl+ rapid c5sor%ip ( 
onl9e cont5t4  7#d7 ,! ,gov]nm5t (      
,vietnam uses ! cyb]security law to     
require ,unit$ ,/ates companies to /ore 
in=mation 9 ,vietnam1 c5sor social m$ia 
po/s on dem&1 & to turn ov] s5sitive    
p]sonal in=mation ab\t us]s4 ,companies 
su* z ,facebook & ,google comply ) ^!   
reque/s1 includ+ ?r\gh ! c5sor%ip (     
social m$ia cont5t ( ,unit$ ,/ates      
citiz5s & p]man5t resid5t ali5s4  7#e7  
,unit$ ,/ates companies ,facebook &     
,you,tube h be5 in/rum5tal 9 ?is        
crackd[n1 comply+ ) ,vietnam's reque/ to
 c5sor & geoblock cont5t det]m9$ to     
violate local ,vietnamese law1 :i* (t5  
contradicts int]national law &          
,vietnam's treaty obligations4  7#f7 ,9 
! fir/ half ( #bjbj1 ,facebook increas$ 
its cont5t re/rictions 9 ,vietnam by    
#ihc p]c5t1 a dramatic increase f !     
second half ( #bjai4  7#g7 ,facebook    
compli$ ) #ij p]c5t ( ,vietnam's        

c5sor%ip reque/s & ,you,tube ) #ie p]c5t
 ( su* reque/s1 a fact ! ,gov]nm5t (    
,vietnam not$ ) satisfaction4  7#h7 ,z (
 ,decemb] #ca1 #bjbc1 ! local legal     
provisions t directly enabl$ ,facebook &
 ,you,tube's c5sor%ip1 ,articles #aag & 
#cca ( ,vietnam's ,p5al ,code1 7 us$ to 
imprison mo/ ( ! #beh prison]s (        
consci5ce4  7#i7 ,a free & op5 int]net &
 ! free fl[ ( news & in=mation-- 7,a7   
are fundam5tal compon5ts ( ,unit$ ,/ates
 =eign policy because !y fo/] economic  
gr[?1 protect individual lib]ties1 &    
advance national security2  7,b7 are    
critical to ! advancem5t ( bo? ,unit$   
,/ates economic int]e/s & int]nationally
 recogniz$ human rights globally2 &     
7,c7 are sev]ely h9d]$ by ,vietnam's    
cyb]security law :i* w\ld all[ !        
,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam to access private  
data1 spy on us]s1 require ,unit$ ,/ates
 bus9esses to turn ov] p]sonally        
id5tifiable in=mation or block cont5t ( 
us]s1 includ+ outside ( ,vietnam1 &     
fur!r re/rict already limit$ onl9e      

spee*4  7b7 ,/atem5t ( policy ,x is !   
policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-- 7#a7      
pursue an op5 & free int]net 9 ,vietnam 
z an issue promot+ ,unit$ ,/ates        
economic int]e/s & advanc+              
int]nationally-recogniz$ human rights2  
7#b7 engage all appropriate ,unit$      
,/ates ,gov]nm5t ag5cies to promote !   
free fl[ ( news & in=mation 9 ,vietnam2 
7#c7 use all appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates  
diplomatic in/rum5ts to pressure !      
,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam to halt reque/s to 
=ce social m$ia companies to disclose   
id5tity1 or block acc\nts & cont5t (    
individuals ^: cont5t ! ,gov]nm5t       
disapproves2  7#d7 use all available    
diplomatic in/rum5ts available to pursue
 trade policies ) ,vietnam t exp&       
int]net fre$om & ! in=mation economy 9  
,vietnam by-- 7,a7 ensur+ ! free fl[ (  
in=mation across ! global network2  7,b7
 promot+ /rong] int]national transp>5cy 
rules2 &  7,c7 ensur+ fair & equal      
treatm5t ( onl9e s]vices reg>dless (    
c\ntry ( orig92 &  7#e7 require         

companies ) contracts ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
,gov]nm5t t acc$e to reque/s ( !        
,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam to engage 9        
c5sor%ip or to reveal s5sitive p]sonal  
in=mation to report su* reque/s to !    
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate at ! "t su* reque/s   
occur & to report ! nature ( su* reque/s
 & ! companies' responses publicly4  7c7
 ,actions ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate is       
au?oriz$ to take su* actions z may be   
necess>y to--  7#a7 prioritize !        
imm$iate di/ribution ( c5sor%ip         
circumv5tion tools = comput]s &         
sm>tphones 9 ,vietnam2 &  7#b7          
prioritize projects to ensure ! safety &
 privacy ( blogg]s & j\rnali/s & human  
rights def5d]s 9 ,vietnam4  7d7 ,brief+ 
,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9 consultation ) !
 ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce & ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
,trade ,repres5tative1 %\ld brief !     
appropriate congressional committees on 
an action plan outl9+ ef=ts to-- 7#a7   
promote int]net fre$om & ! free fl[ (   
news & in=mation 9 ,vietnam2 &  7#b7    
promote ef=ts to assi/ ,unit$ ,/ates    

int]net companies to fulfill _! /at$    
missions to promote op5ness1 transp>5cy1
 & connectivity by oppos+ reque/s by !  
,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam to remove political
 spee* or cont5t ( j\rnali/s1 especially
 :5 cont5t is remov$ f ! acc\nts ( us]s 
9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  #f4 ,int]national   
religi\s fre$om  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress   
f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,! promotion &     
protection ( ! univ]sally recogniz$ "r  
to ! fre$om ( religion is a priority (  
,unit$ ,/ates =eign policy z /at$ 9     
section #djb ( ! ,int]national ,religi\s
 ,fre$om ,act ( #aiih 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4    
#fddb7 & ! ,bip>tisan ,congressional    
,trade ,priorities & ,acc\ntability ,act
 ( #bjae 7title ,i ( ,public ,law       
#aad-bf2 #ai ,u4,s4,c4 #dbja et seq47   
:i* requires ! ,adm9i/ration to take    
religi\s fre$om into acc\nt :5 negotiat+
 trade agreem5ts4  7#b7 ,9 #bjbd1 !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,commission on            
,int]national ,religi\s ,fre$om         
recomm5d$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t  
to designate ,vietnam z a c\ntry (      

p>ticul> conc]n1 or ,,cpc1 = engag+ 9   
sy/ematic1 ongo+1 & egregi\s violations 
( religi\s fre$om1 z def9$ by !         
,int]national ,religi\s ,fre$om ,act    
7,,irfa71 & to support legislative ef=ts
 to improve religi\s fre$om 9 ,vietnam1 
includ+ ! ,vietnam ,human ,rights ,act4 
7#c7 ,on ,decemb] #bi1 #bjbc1 9         
accordance ) ! ,int]national ,religi\s  
,fre$om ,act ( #aiih1 ! ,secret>y (     
,/ate1 = ! second consecutive ye>1 plac$
 ,vietnam on ! ,special ,wat* ,li/ =    
hav+ engag$ 9 or tol]at$ sev]e          
violations ( religi\s fre$om4  7b7 ,s5se
 ( congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t--
  7#a7 ! designation ( ,vietnam z a     
c\ntry ( p>ticul> conc]n = religi\s     
fre$om pursuant to section #djb7;b77#a7 
( ! ,int]national ,religi\s ,fre$om ,act
 ( #aiih 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fddb7;b77#a77  
w\ld be a p[]ful & effective tool 9     
highlight+ abuses ( religi\s fre$om 9   
,vietnam & 9 enc\rag+ improvem5t 9 !    
respect = human rights 9 ,vietnam2 &    
7#b7 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %\ld1 9        

accordance ) ! recomm5dation ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates ,commission on ,int]national     
,religi\s ,fre$om1 designate ,vietnam z 
a c\ntry ( p>ticul> conc]n = religi\s   
fre$om4  #g4 ,annual reports on ,unit$  
,/ates-,vietnam human rights dialogue   
meet+s ,section #gjb ( ! ,=eign         
,relations ,au?orization ,act1 ,fiscal  
,ye> #bjjc 7,public ,law #ajg-bbh2 #bb  
,u4,s4,c4 #baean note7 is am5d$ by add+ 
at ! end ! foll[+3  7#i7 ,end+ incid5ts 
( torture1 police beat+s1 dea?s 9 police
 cu/ody1 & mob or societal viol5ce      
t>get+ religi\s gr\ps or dissid5ts4     
7#aj7 ,return+ prop]ties ( indep5d5t    
religi\s communities or organizations t 
h be5 report$ly expropriat$ by !        
,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam or by              
gov]nm5t-sanction$ religi\s             
organizations4  7#aa7 ,address+         
individual claims by ,unit$ ,/ates      
citiz5s ^: prop]ties h be5 expropriat$  
by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,vietnam )\t effective1
 prompt1 & fair comp5sation4  7#ab7     
,implem5t+ section #d ( ! ,girls ,c\nt  

,act ( 7,public ,law #aad-bd2 #bb       
,u4,s4,c4 #baea note7 & h[ su* section  
has be5 appli$ 9 ,vietnam4  7#ac7       
,ensur+ int]net fre$om & specific ef=ts 
to ensure ! safety & privacy (          
,vietnamese blogg]s & j\rnali/s on !    
int]net or o!r =ms ( electronic         
communication4  4  #h4 ,def9itions ,9   
?is ,act3 7#a7 ,appropriate             
congressional committees ,except z      
o!rwise provid$1 ! t]m appropriate      
congressional committees means !        
,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se 
( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on     
,=eign ,relations ( ! ,s5ate4  7#b7     
,int]net  ,! t]m int]net has ! mean+    
giv5 su* t]m 9 section #bca7;e77#c7 ( ! 
,communications ,act ( 7#dg ,u4,s4,c4   
#bca7;e77#c774  7#c7 ,p]sonally         
id5tifiable in=mation ,! t]m p]sonally  
id5tifiable in=mation means data 9 a =m 
t id5tifies a p>ticul> p]son4