,i  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #ajfjf  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(         
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #bd1        
#bjbf,mr4 ,/eube introduc$ ! foll[+     
bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m1 & 9        
addition to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y1
 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by 
! ,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation (  
su* provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction 
( ! committee conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to   
prohibit ! use ( automat$ lic5se plate  
read] surveillance sy/ems by gov]nm5tal 
entities1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort  
title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !         
,facilitat+ ,lib]ty & ,acc\ntability =  
,flock ,obs]vations ,act or ! ,,flafo   
,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds !      
foll[+3  7#a7 ,! ,f\r? ,am5dm5t to !    
,con/itution en%r9es ! "r ( ! ,am]ican p
 to be secur$ aga9/ any unreasonable    
se>*es & seizures4  7#b7 ,automat$      
lic5se plate read] te*nology1 includ+ ^?
 provid$ by ,flock ,safety & o!r simil> 
ent]prises1 h exp&$ f sy/ems initially  

design$ to id5tify vehicles associat$ ) 
crim9al activity into l>ge-scale        
surveillance me*anisms capable (        
collect+ "s ( ! ,am]ican p's mo/        
s5sitive location in=mation4  7#c7      
,c]ta9 automat$ lic5se plate read]      
sy/ems cont9u\sly collect in=mation on e
 vehicle travel+ on public roads &      
neighbor+ private prop]ty1 to include n 
j lic5se plate numb]s1 b vehicle make1  
model1 color1 & o!r di/+ui%+            
*>act]i/ics4  7#d7 ,su* sy/ems          
incorporate artificial intellig5ce &    
ma*9e le>n+ to analyze & process su*    
data into an aggregat$ & c5traliz$ =m1  
?us p]mitt+ lic5s$ us]s to recon/ruct an
 individual's movem5ts1 associations1 & 
patt]ns ( life )\t any individualiz$    
suspicion4 ,lack+ adequate safegu>ds1   
su* a surveillance sy/em may assi/ a    
gov]nm5t (ficial 9 abridg+ c]ta9        
con/itutionally protect$ rights ( !     
,am]ican p1 to include visits to places 
( wor%ip1 m$ical facilities1 political  
ga!r+s1 & o!r p]sonal & s5sitive sites4 

7#e7 ,x is evid5t t su* te*nology       
encroa*es ^u e ,am]ican's "r aga9/      
unreasonable se>*es & seizures z        
gu>ante$ by ! ,f\r? ,am5dm5t1 & ! "r to 
peaceful assembly & free ex]cise (      
religion z gu>ante$ by ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t4
  7#f7 ,9 ! incr$ible wisdom ( ,b5jam9  
,frankl91 he is quot$ 9 a #agee reply to
 ! ,p5nsylvania ,assembly by w>n+ !m t  
^? :o w\ld give up ess5tial ,lib]ty1 to 
pur*ase a little tempor>y ,safety1      
des]ve nei!r ,lib]ty nor ,safety4 ,t is 
z true today z x 0 9 #agee4  7#g7 ,x is 
incumb5t ^u ,congress to protect ! civil
 lib]ties ( ! ,am]ican p aga9/ any ?reat
 !reto & prev5t ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t f    
provid+ any =m ( support or au?orization
 = activities t violate ! ,con/itution4 
#c4 ,prohibition on network$            
surveillance  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z    
provid$ 9 ?is ,act1 no ,f$]al ag5cy     
may--  7#a7 pur*ase1 lease1 op]ate1 or  
access a cov]$ sy/em2  7#b7 reque/ t    
ano!r gov]nm5tal1 public1 or private    
entity provide in=mation f a cov]$      

sy/em2 or  7#c7 provide in=mation to a  
cov]$ sy/em4  7b7 ,w>rant requirem5t    
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,a ,f$]al ag5cy may only  
access in=mation f a cov]$ sy/em or make
 a reque/ describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7 
if ! ag5cy obta9s a w>rant1 except z    
provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b74  7#b7          
,exception ,a ,f$]al ag5cy may access   
in=mation f a cov]$ sy/em or make a     
reque/ describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7 )\t
 a w>rant only if ! head ( ! ag5cy      
det]m9es t su* in=mation is reasonably  
necess>y to-- 7,a7 locate a miss+ or    
endang]$ p]son2  7,b7 respond to an     
imm95t ?reat ( dea?1 s]i\s bodily       
injury1 kidnapp+1 or o!r em]g5cy involv+
 an imm$iate dang] to a p]son2 or  7,c7 
conduct an inve/igation involv+ a p]son 
believ$ to be associat$ ) t]rorism1     
espionage1 sabotage1 or an ag5t ( a     
=eign p[]4  7c7 ,p5alties  7#a7 ,crim9al
 p5alties ,any (fic] or employee ( !    
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t :o kn[+ly violates ?is 
section %all be imprison$ = n m ?an #e  
ye>s1 f9$ "u title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates   

,code1 or bo?4  7#b7 ,civil p5alty ,any 
(fic] or employee ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t  
:o kn[+ly violates ?is section %all be  
subject to a civil p5alty 9 an am\nt n m
 ?an #ajj1jjj4  7#c7 ,private "r (      
action ,any p]son aggriev$ by a         
violation ( ?is section may br+ a civil 
action 9 an appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates   
di/rict c\rt aga9/ an (fic] or employee 
( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t :o kn[+ly violat$  
?is section or aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates &  
may recov] damages1 attorney's fees &   
co/s1 & decl>atory or injunctive relief 
z appropriately det]m9$ by su* c\rt4 ,9 
any action "u ?is p>agraph1 sov]eign    
immunity or qualifi$ immunity may n be  
rais$ z a def5se4  7d7 ,c]ta9 ag5cies   
exclud$ ,?is ,act does n apply to any ( 
! foll[+3  7#a7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,secret
 ,s]vice1 to ! ext5t su* ag5cy is       
conduct+ activities relat$ to _! duties 
"u section #cjef ( title #ah1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code4  7#b7 ,u4,s4 ,cu/oms &    
,bord] ,protection1 to ! ext5t su* ag5cy
 is conduct+ activities relat$ to-- 7,a7

 bord] security2  7,b7 immigration or   
cu/oms en=cem5t2  7,c7 op]ations at a   
port ( entry or any o!r *eckpo9t (      
,u4,s4 ,cu/oms & ,bord] ,protection2 or 
7,d7 ! detection1 int]diction1 or       
inve/igation ( human smuggl+1 n>cotics  
traffick+1 or o!r cross-bord] crim9al   
activity4  7#c7 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se1 
! ,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security1 or !   
,dep>tm5t ( ,en]gy1 to ! ext5t su* a    
ag5cy is conduct+ an op]ation 9         
connection ) a milit>y or ,coa/ ,gu>d   
in/allation1 nucle> facility1 or o!r    
national security facility "u !         
jurisdiction ( su* ,dep>tm5t1 =--  7,a7 
in/allation access control2  7,b7 =ce   
protection2  7,c7 physical security2    
7,d7 c\nt]espionage2  7,e7              
c\nt]9tellig5ce2 or  7,f7 c\nt]t]rorism 
op]ations4  7#d7 ,! %>+ ( any in=mation 
betwe5 an ag5cy describ$ 9 p>agraphs    
7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c7 & any o!r ,f$]al ag5cy1 
= ! purpose ( conduct+ an activity or   
op]ation 9 any su* p>agraph4  #d4       
,prohibition on provid+ law en=cem5t    

access  7a7 ,crim9al p5alty ,:oev]1 be+ 
! op]ator ( a cov]$ sy/em1 9 or affect+ 
int]/ate or =eign comm]ce1 kn[+ly       
provides a ,f$]al ag5cy ) access to a   
cov]$ sy/em1 or ) any in=mation obta9$  
pursuant to a cov]$ sy/em1 except 9     
accordance ) ?is ,act1 %all be imprison$
 n m ?an #e ye>s1 f9$ "u title #ah1     
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 or bo?4  7b7 ,civil
 p5alty ,:oev] violates subsection 7a7  
%all be subject to a civil p5alty 9 an  
am\nt n m ?an #ajj1jjj4  7c7 ,private "r
 ( action ,any p]son aggriev$ by a      
violation ( ?is section may br+ a civil 
action 9 an appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates   
di/rict c\rt & may recov] damages1      
attorney's fees & co/s1 & decl>atory or 
injunctive relief1 z det]m9$ appropriate
 by ! c\rt4  #e4 ,limitation on ,f$]al  
funds  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ord] to be       
eligible to receive ,f$]al funds made   
available by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1 a   
,/ate1 unit ( local gov]nm5t1 or ,indian
 ,tribe %all e/abli% & implem5t         
requirem5ts t are sub/antially simil> to

 ! requirem5ts "u ?is ,act = ! ag5cies (
 t jurisdiction4  7b7 ,c]tification ,on 
an annual basis1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all
 c]tify t a ,/ate1 unit ( local         
gov]nm5t1 or ,indian ,tribe is 9        
compliance ) ?is section4  #f4          
,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,automat$ 
lic5se plate read] sy/em ,! t]m automat$
 lic5se plate read] sy/em or ,,alpr     
sy/em means any cam]a1 s5sor1 or        
associat$ h>dw>e or s(tw>e sy/em t      
automatically captures1 records1        
analyzes1 processes1 aggregates1 or     
/ores a motor vehicle lic5se plate1     
image1 location1 date1 "t1 or o!r       
id5tify+ vehicle in=mation or           
*>act]i/ic4  7#b7 ,cov]$ sy/em ,! t]m   
cov]$ sy/em means an ,,alpr sy/em t--   
7,a7 /ores or transmits vehicle-location
 in=mation 9 a c5traliz$1 network$1 or  
multi- or cross-jurisdictional database2
  7,b7 p]mits us]s to se>* hi/orical    
vehicle-location in=mation across       
jurisdictions2 or  7,c7 uses artificial 
intellig5ce or ma*9e le>n+ to id5tify1  

classify1 track1 or se>* = vehicles bas$
 on *>act]i/ics o!r ?an a complete or   
p>tial lic5se plate numb]4