,,ia  #aaith ,,congress  #ast ,session  
,h4 ,j4 ,,res4 #aac  ,,in ,,the ,,house 
,,of ,,representatives  ,august #ae1    
#bjbe ,mr4 ,green of ,texas 7for        
himself1 ,ms4 ,balint1 ,ms4 ,barragn1   
,ms4 ,brown1 ,mr4 ,carson1 ,ms4 ,dean of
 ,pennsylvania1 ,ms4 ,del,bene1 ,mr4    
,doggett1 ,mr4 ,lynch1 ,mrs4 ,mc,iver1  
,ms4 ,norton1 ,ms4 ,sewell1 ,mr4 ,soto1 
,mr4 ,takano1 ,mr4 ,thanedar1 ,mr4      
,thompson of ,mississippi1 ,ms4 ,tlaib1 
and ,ms4 ,williams of ,georgia7         
submitted the following joint           
resolution2 which was referred to the   
,committee on ,oversight and ,government
 ,reform  ,,joint ,,resolution          
,designating a ,slavery ,remembrance    
,day on ,august #bj1 to serve as a      
reminder of the evils of slavery4       
,whereas this resolution may be cited as
 the ,original ,slavery ,remembrance    
,day ,resolution2 ,whereas the ,house of
 ,representatives and the ,senate       
recognize ,august #bjth1 as ,slavery    
,remembrance ,day and commemorate the   

lives of all enslaved people while also 
condemning the act and perpetuation of  
slavery in the ,united ,states of       
,america and across the world2 ,whereas 
we posthumously recognize the following 
,members of ,congress1 who served during
 and after the ,reconstruction ,era1 as 
honorary cosponsors of this resolution3 
the ,honorable ,joseph ,hayne ,rainey   
7,,sc-#ja71 ,member of ,congress from   
#ahgj to #ahgi2 ,jefferson ,franklin    
,long 7,,ga-#jd71 ,member of ,congress  
from ,january #ahga to ,march #ahga2    
,robert ,carlos ,de ,large 7,,sc-#jb71  
,member of ,congress from #ahga to      
#ahgc2 ,robert ,brown ,elliott          
7,,sc-#c71 ,member of ,congress from    
#ahga to #ahgd2 ,benjamin ,sterling     
,turner 7,,al-#ja71 ,member of ,congress
 from #ahga to #ahgc2 ,josiah ,thomas   
,walls 7,,fl-,at ,large71 ,member of    
,congress from #ahga to #ahgf2 ,alonzo  
,jacob ,ransier 7,,sc-#jb71 ,member of  
,congress from #ahgc to #ahge2 ,richard 
,harvey ,cain 7,,sc-,at ,large71 ,member

 of ,congress from #ahgc to #ahge and   
#ahgg to #ahgi2 ,john ,roy ,lynch       
7,,ms-#jf71 ,member of ,congress from   
#ahgc to #ahgg and #ahhb to #ahhc2      
,james ,thomas ,rapier 7,,al-#jb71      
,member of ,congress from #ahgc to      
#ahge2 ,jeremiah ,haralson 7,,al-#ja71  
,member of ,congress from #ahge to      
#ahgg2 ,john ,adams ,hyman 7,,nc-#jb71  
,member of ,congress from #ahge to      
#ahgg2 ,robert ,smalls 7,,sc-#jg71      
,member of ,congress from #ahge to #ahgi
 and #ahhb to #ahhc and #ahhd to #ahhg2 
,james ,edward ,o',hara 7,,nc-#jb71     
,member of ,congress from #ahhc to      
#ahhg2 ,henry ,plummer ,cheatham        
7,,nc-#jb71 ,member of ,congress from   
#ahhi to #ahic2 ,john ,mercer ,langston 
7,,va-#jd71 ,member of ,congress from   
#ahij to #ahia2 ,thomas ,ezekiel        
,miller1 ,member of ,congress from #ahij
 to #ahia2 ,george ,washington ,murray  
7,,sc-#ja71 ,member of ,congress from   
#ahic to #ahie and #ahif to #ahig2 and  
,george ,henry ,white 7,,nc-#jb71       

,member of ,congress from #ahig to      
#aija2 ,whereas1 on ,august #bj1 #afai1 
the first #bj enslaved ,africans were   
brought to what is now ,fort ,monroe1   
then ,point ,comfort1 in ,hampton1      
,virginia against their will2 ,whereas  
,african tribal chiefs captured1        
enslaved1 and sold captives to          
transatlantic slave traders2 ,whereas1  
over the period of the ,atlantic slave  
trade1 from approximately #aebf to      
#ahfg1 millions of humans were abducted 
and shipped from ,africa1 and           
#aj1gjj1jjj arrived in the ,americas as 
personal property2 ,whereas the majority
 of enslaved ,africans brought to       
,british ,north ,america arrived between
 #agbj and #aghj2 ,whereas about #f     
percent of ,african captives were sent  
directly to ,british ,north ,america2   
,whereas1 by #ahbe1 the population of   
the ,united ,states included about one  
quarter of the people of ,african       
descent in what has been called the ,new
 ,world2 ,whereas the ,middle ,passage  

from ,west ,africa to the ,west ,indies 
was dangerous and horrific for enslaved 
people2 ,whereas the ,middle ,passage   
carried mothers1 fathers1 children1     
sisters1 brothers1 aunts1 uncles1       
cousins1 and people from all walks of   
life to slavery in the ,americas2       
,whereas1 although the sexes were       
separated1 men1 women1 and children were
 kept naked1 packed close together1 and 
the men were chained for long periods2  
,whereas1 according to some historians1 
about #ab percent of the enslaved people
 who embarked did not survive the       
voyage2 ,whereas sharks followed the    
slave ships to feed on bodies of slaves 
thrown overboard2 ,whereas enslaved     
people suffered a variety of miserable  
and often fatal maladies due to the     
,atlantic slave trade1 and to inhumane  
living and working conditions2 ,whereas 
infant and child mortality rates were   
twice as high among slave children as   
among ,southern ,white children2        
,whereas enslaved people often worked   

from before sunup to after sundown1 #f  
to #g days a week1 often without food   
for long periods of time2 ,whereas      
enslaved ,black families lived with the 
perpetual possibility of separation     
caused by the sale of #a or more family 
members2 ,whereas it is estimated that  
approximately #a_/c of enslaved children
 in the upper ,south ,states of         
,maryland and ,virginia experienced     
family separation in #a of #c possible  
scenarios3 sale away from parents1 sale 
with mother away from father1 or sale of
 mother or father away from child2      
,whereas ,nat ,turner was born into     
slavery in ,southampton ,county1        
,virginia1 in #ahjj2 ,whereas           
,southampton ,county was home to many   
plantations1 and enslaved people        
outnumbered free ,whites2 ,whereas      
,turner learned to read and write at a  
young age1 becoming deeply religious2   
,whereas ,turner was sold to several    
different masters over the course of his
 life1 the last time in #ahcj2 ,whereas 

,turner preached to fellow enslaved     
people1 developing a loyal following2   
,whereas ,turner began planning a revolt
 with a few trusted fellow enslaved men 
from neighboring plantations2 ,whereas  
,turner led a rebellion beginning in    
,august #ahca1 quickly growing from a   
small handful of enslaved people to more
 than #gj enslaved and free ,blacks2    
,whereas the rebels went from house to  
house in ,southampton ,county1 freeing  
enslaved people2 ,whereas the rebels    
were ultimately defeated by a ,state    
militia that had over twice the manpower
 of the rebels1 with #c artillery       
companies reinforcing it2 ,whereas      
,turner was captured #f weeks after the 
rebellion was put down1 whereupon he was
 promptly convicted and sentenced to    
death2 ,whereas1 in retaliation for the 
uprising1 ,virginia officially executed 
#ef ,black people1 with at least #ajj   
more killed by militias through         
extrajudicial violence2 ,whereas the    
rebellion caused widespread panic among 

slaveholders throughout the ,south1     
resulting in widespread violence against
 enslaved people2 ,whereas1 in the wake 
of the rebellion1 the ,virginia ,general
 ,assembly passed legislation making it 
illegal to teach enslaved or free       
,blacks to read and write2 ,whereas the 
,underground ,railroad was a network of 
people who helped around #ajj1jjj slaves
 escape to the ,north2 ,whereas the     
railroad began when a conductor often   
posing as a slave would enter a         
plantation and attempt to guide         
runaways2 ,whereas escapees would travel
 #aj to #bj miles each night between    
safe houses or stations to avoid        
detection1 waiting in safe houses for   
the next along the line to be alerted to
 their presence2 ,whereas people        
supporting escapees at each station1    
many of whom were ,white1 knew only of  
local efforts and not the entire        
operation2 ,whereas ,harriet ,tubman1   
born ,araminta ,ross1 lived as an       
enslaved person through her young life  

where she endured regular whippings and 
suffered a traumatic head injury at the 
hands of an overseer1 which caused      
narcoleptic episodes and migraines      
throughout her life2 ,whereas ,ms4      
,tubman escaped from slavery along the  
,underground ,railroad1 the network of  
abolitionists who guided escaped slaves 
to the ,north traveling primarily at    
night to avoid bounty hunters2 ,whereas 
,ms4 ,tubman returned to the ,south no  
less than #ac times to free #gj enslaved
 people1 including much of her family1  
for which she would be given the name   
,moses2 ,whereas ,ms4 ,tubman deftly led
 those she saved ,north during the fall 
and winter1 when would-be captors would 
stay inside to avoid the cold2 ,whereas 
in ,ms4 ,tubman's own words1 ,i never   
ran my train off the track and ,i never 
lost a passenger2 ,whereas1 during the  
,civil ,war1 ,ms4 ,tubman served as a   
nurse1 scout1 and spy in the ,union     
army1 becoming the first woman to plan  
and lead a military operation in the    

,united ,states1 liberating #gjj        
enslaved people in ,south ,carolina2    
,whereas1 later in life1 ,ms4 ,tubman   
continued working to improve the lives  
of oppressed people1 raising funds for  
and building schools and a hospital in  
the name of formerly enslaved people    
while participating in the women's      
suffrage movement2 ,whereas ,john       
,brown1 an abolitionist who ran an      
important stop on the ,underground      
,railroad1 dedicated his life to ending 
slavery2 ,whereas ,brown lead a militia 
in guerrilla attacks on proslavery towns
 in ,kansas1 losing one of his sons in  
the struggle2 ,whereas ,brown1 with the 
help of ,harriet ,tubman1 planned and   
organized an invasion of the ,south to  
free all slaves2 ,whereas ,brown began  
his invasion at ,harpers ,ferry1 ,west  
,virginia1 but was surrounded and       
captured by ,federal troops led by      
,robert ,e4 ,lee1 losing #b more sons in
 the fighting2 ,whereas the #acth       
,amendment to the ,constitution was     

passed by ,congress on ,january #ca1    
#ahfe1 and ratified on ,december #f1    
#ahfe1 and provides that ,neither       
slavery nor involuntary servitude1      
except as a punishment for crime whereof
 the party shall have been duly         
convicted1 shall exist within the       
,united ,states1 or any place subject to
 their jurisdiction42 ,whereas1         
beginning in the #bjth century1 ,african
 ,americans began to relocate from      
,southern farms to ,southern cities1    
from the ,south to the ,northeast1      
,midwest1 and ,west1 in a movement known
 as the ,great ,migration2 ,whereas the 
relocation of formerly enslaved people  
and their descendants also included     
unfavorable1 and at times unjust1       
interactions with law enforcement that  
often resulted in imprisonment and      
convict leasing2 ,whereas convict       
leasing1 also known as slavery by       
another name1 was a system that allowed 
prisons to lease imprisoned people to   
private entities1 often corporations and

 plantations2 ,whereas the remains of   
#ie persons1 thought to be of ,african  
ancestry1 who were subjected to the     
convict leasing system in the ,state of 
,texas1 were discovered in #bjah at the 
construction site of the ,james ,reese  
,career and ,technical ,center of the   
,fort ,bend ,independent ,school        
,district in ,sugar ,land1 ,texas2      
,whereas1 while slavery was abolished1  
descendants of the enslaved continue to 
live with the effects of the progeny of 
slavery3 ,jim ,crow1 mass lynching1     
segregation1 police brutality1 mass     
incarceration1 and institutionalized    
racism2 and ,whereas1 despite the       
horrors of slavery and against all odds1
 enslaved people became thought leaders 
and revolutionaries and changed the     
course of ,american history3 ,now1      
therefore1 be it  #a4 ,short title ,this
 resolution may be cited as the         
,original ,slavery ,remembrance ,day    
,resolution4  #b4 ,slavery ,remembrance 
,day ,that the ,house of                

,representatives and the ,senate--  7#a7
 designate a ,slavery ,remembrance ,day 
annually to serve as a reminder of the  
evils of slavery2  7#b7 condemn slavery 
and its evil progenies2  7#c7 encourage 
all to acknowledge the importance of    
slavery remembrance2 and  7#d7          
authorizes and requests the ,president  
to issue a proclamation calling upon the
 people of the ,united ,states to       
observe such days with appropriate      
ceremonies and activities4