,,iv  #aai? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,h4 ,,con4 ,,res4 #ec  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se   
,,( ,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #bf1    
#bjbe,ms4 ,velzquez 7= h]self1 ,ms4     
,br[nley1 ,ms4 ,*u1 & ,ms4 ,del,bene7   
submitt$ ! foll[+ concurr5t resolution2 
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,en]gy &
 ,comm]ce1 & 9 addition to ! ,committee 
on ,=eign ,affairs1 = a p]iod to be     
subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* 
case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z  
fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee    
conc]n$  ,,concurr5t ,,resolution       
,express+ support = ! recognition (     
,septemb] #bf1 #bjbe1 z ,_w             
,contraception ,day & express+ ! s5se ( 
! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives reg>d+ global 
& dome/ic access to contraception4      
,:]eas ,septemb] #bf m>ks ,_w           
,contraception ,day1 a day :5           
organizations & individuals ar\nd ! _w  
advocate to improve aw>5ess (           
contraception & ! "r to sexual &        
reproductive heal?2 ,:]eas1 9 #aifh1 !  
,unit$ ,nations ,int]national ,conf]5ce 

on ,human ,rights decl>$ t p>5ts h a    
basic human "r to det]m9e freely &      
responsibly ! numb] & spac+ ( _! *ildr52
 ,:]eas access to contraceptives 9 !    
,unit$ ,/ates is recogniz$ z a          
fundam5tal "r "u ! con/itutional "r to  
privacy ?r\gh ! ,supreme ,c\rt's        
decisions 9 ,griswold v4 ,connecticut   
7#cha ,u4,s4 #dgi 7#aife77 & ,eis5/adt  
v4 ,baird 7#dje ,u4,s4 #dch 7#aigb772   
,:]eas ! ,c5t]s = ,disease ,control &   
,prev5tion recogniz$ family plann+ 9 its
 publi%$ li/ ( ! ,t5 ,greate/ ,public   
,heal? ,a*ievem5ts 9 ! #bj? ,c5tury2    
,:]eas t>get #c4g ( ! ,unit$ ,nations   
,su/a9able ,developm5t ,goals1 :i* 0    
adopt$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & #aib o!r    
,unit$ ,nations 7,,un7 memb] /ates1     
calls on c\ntries by #bjcj1 to ensure   
univ]sal access to sexual & reproductive
 heal?-c>e s]vices1 includ+ = family    
plann+1 in=mation & education1 & !      
integration ( reproductive heal? into   
national /rategies & programs2 ,:]eas   
c]ta9 b>ri] me?ods ( contraception1     

specifically condoms1 decreases ! spread
 ( sexually transmitt$ infections       
7,s,t,is7 & c\ld elim9ate ! #c1ejj1jjj  
annual cases ( inf]tility 9 l[- &       
middle-income c\ntries t are caus$ by   
untreat$ gonorrhea or *lamydia2 ,:]eas !
 ability ( individuals to control !     
numb] & spac+ ( _! *ildr5 r$uces rates (
 un9t5d$ pregnancies1 unsafe abortions1 
& mat]nal dea?s2 ,:]eas1 9 economically 
develop+ c\ntries1 public heal? exp]ts  
e/imate t access to contraceptives w\ld 
result 9 #gf1jjj1jjj few] un9t5d$       
pregnancies1 #bf1jjj1jjj few] unsafe    
abortions1 & #ahf1jjj few] mat]nal      
dea?s2 ,:]eas1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 due to
 discrim9ation1 significant racial1     
e?nic1 & socioeconomic disp>ities exi/ 9
 sexual & reproductive heal?1 p>ticul>ly
 9 mat]nal mortality & morbidity &      
infant mortality ) ,black1 ,am]ican     
,indian1 & ,alaska ,native wom5 two to  
?ree times m likely to die f            
pregnancy-relat$ causes ?an ,:ite wom52 
,:]eas contraceptive *oices are unduly  

influ5c$ by /ructural racism1 g5d]      
discrim9ation1 & socioeconomic b>ri]s2  
,:]eas rese>* %[s t1 bo? hi/orically &  
today1 m$ical racism & ableism has      
result$ 9 co]cion & exp]im5tations on   
,native peoples1 communities ( color1 & 
immigrants1 su* z ! =c$ surgical        
/]ilization ( ,am]ican ,indian & ,alaska
 ,native communities 9 ! #aigjs1        
mislead+ & eug5ics-bas$ bir? control    
trials on ,pu]to ,rican wom5 9 ! #aiejs1
 & ! developm5t ( mod]n gynecology ?r\gh
 ! exp]im5tation & exploitation (       
enslav$ ,black wom5 beg9n+ 9 ! #ahdjs1 &
 su* co]cion & exp]im5tations h         
contribut$ to p]si/5t feel+s ( mi/ru/   
among _m communities reg>d+ _! ability  
to access high-quality sexual &         
reproductive heal? c>e2 ,:]eas effective
 contraception has be5 %[n to be an     
important /rategy to ma9ta9+ & improv+  
m5tal heal? & well-be+ = wom5 & o!r     
individuals :o h ! capacity to get      
pregnant2 ,:]eas plann+1 delay+1 & spac+
 bir?s helps p a*ieve _! education1     

c>e]1 & life goals2 ,:]eas "y wom5 )    
access to ! bir? control pill be=e age  
#ba graduat$ f college 9 significantly  
high] numb]s ?an did wom5 ( ! same era  
:o came ( age be=e ! bir? control pill 0
 available to !m2 ,:]eas *ildr5 born to 
wom5 ) access to ,unit$ ,/ates f$]ally  
fund$ family plann+ programs1 :i*       
increase access to af=dable             
contraception & family plann+ s]vices1 7
 m likely to complete at lea/ #ab1 #ac1 
& #af ye>s ( s*ool+1 & _h #b-p]c5t high]
 family incomes z adults2 ,:]eas        
globally1 access to contraception       
increases labor =ce p>ticipation1 boo/+ 
economic heal? & prosp]ity (            
economically develop+ communities2      
,:]eas _m wom5 face *all5ges 9 access+  
bir? control & us+ x effectively1 &     
globally1 #bah1jjj1jjj wom5 9           
economically develop+ c\ntries h an     
unmet ne$ = mod]n contraception2 ,:]eas1
 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 "o-?ird ( adult     
,unit$ ,/ates wom5 :o h ev] tri$ to     
obta9 prescription contraception report$

 b>ri]s to access2 ,:]eas "o b>ri] to   
access is an appropriately tra9$1       
l+ui/ically appropriate1 & culturally   
compet5t reproductive heal? c>e work=ce 
includ+ prim>y c>e & o!r provid]s to    
ensure t all pati5ts h access to a      
contraceptive me?od ( _! *oice includ+  
highly effective rev]sible contraception
 me?ods2 ,:]eas m ?an #ai1jjj1jjj wom5 (
 reproductive age 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates are 
9 ne$ ( publicly fund$ contraception &  
live 9 a contraceptive des]t :]e !y lack
 reasonable access 9 _! c\nty to a heal?
 c5t] t (f]s ! full range (             
contraceptive me?ods2 ,:]eas ne>ly half 
( all c\nties 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates d n h a 
s+le practic+ ,ob/etrician-,gynecologi/1
 fur!r limit+ contraceptive access2     
,:]eas #ab ,/ates 9 ,am]ica all[ "s     
heal? c>e provid]s to refuse to provide 
s]vices relat$ to contraception2 ,:]eas 
/udies %[ t prev5t+ "y adults f access+ 
contraceptives puts te5s at risk (      
un9t5d$ pregnancies & sexually          
transmitt$ diseases1 includ+ ,,hiv2     

,:]eas em]g5cy contraception is a safe  
way to prev5t pregnancy aft] unprotect$ 
sex1 b #i ,/ates 9 ,am]ica h adopt$     
re/rictions on em]g5cy contraception by 
exclud+ em]g5cy contraception f a       
,/ate's family plann+ program1          
contraceptive cov]age m&ate1 or by all[+
 ph>maci/s to refuse to disp5se em]g5cy 
contraceptives2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
jo9$ ov] #ajj o!r c\ntries t h          
ov]-!-c\nt] 7,,otc7 bir? control pills  
:5 a proge/9-only bir? control pill 0   
approv$ by ! ,food & ,drug ,adm9i/ration
 9 ,july #bjbd & is n[ available        
nationwide )\t a prescription2 ,:]eas   
rese>* highlights t #ci p]c5t ( adults &
 #bi p]c5t ( te5s w\ld be int]e/$ 9 an  
,,otc proge/9-only pill1 ) a great]     
likelihood ( use if cov]$ by insurance2 
,:]eas ! af=dability ( ,,otc            
contraception1 includ+ bir? control     
pills & em]g5cy contraception1 is       
ess5tial = equitable access2 ,:]eas     
rese>* %[s t #fd p]c5t ( survey         
respond5ts :o 7 int]e/$ 9 cont9u$ use ( 

,,otc proge/9-only pills indicat$ t _!  
int]e/ 9 us+ an ,,otc oral contraceptive
 0 relat$ to co/-sav+s because !y c\ld  
save money n hav+ to see a provid]2     
,:]eas v>iation 9 prices ( em]g5cy      
contraception across ph>macies1         
di/ributors1 & manufactures c make x out
 ( rea* = ^? :o ne$ x mo/2 ,:]eas1      
accord+ to ! ,,un1 globally1 #ai p]c5t (
 gov]nm5ts apply "o or m re/rictions on 
contraceptive access1 includ+           
re/rictions on ! age & m>ital /atus ( ! 
p]son seek+ access to contraception1    
p>5tal cons5t1 & re/rictions on access  
to em]g5cy contraceptive pills or       
/]ilization2 ,:]eas rese>*]s h f\nd "s  
wom5 ( color exp]i5ce implicit &        
explicit racism :5 int]act+ ) ! m$ical  
sy/em1 lack ( quality in=mation ab\t    
effective family plann+ me?ods1 & an    
inability to access or af=d reproductive
 heal? c>e2 ,:]eas1 :ile compreh5sive   
sex education has be5 prov5 to r$uce    
rates ( un9t5d$ pregnancy & ,s,t,is1 &  
include outcomes ( appreciation ( sexual

 div]sity1 dat+ & intimate p>tn] viol5ce
 prev5tion1 developm5t ( heal?y         
relation%ips1 prev5tion ( *ild sex      
abuse1 improv$ social & emotional le>n+1
 & increas$ m$ia lit]acy1 only #bb      
,/ates & ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia require 
sex education to include in=mation on   
bir? control & j #cf ,/ates & ! ,di/rict
 ( ,columbia require sex education to be
 taught 9 s*ools at all2 ,:]eas1        
globally1 _m c\ntries h made advances 9 
develop+ policies to improve access to  
compreh5sive sex education1 h[ev]1 !re  
rema9 significant gaps betwe5 global &  
regional policies & implem5tation on !  
gr\nd su* z limit$ tea*] tra9+ capacity2
 ,:]eas reproductive ju/ice is ! human  
"r to ma9ta9 p]sonal bodily autonomy1 h 
*ildr51 n h *ildr51 & p>5t "o's *ildr5 9
 safe & su/a9able communities2 ,:]eas   
exi/+ rese>* highlights un9sur$ wom5 7  
#cj p]c5t less likely to report us+     
prescription contraceptive me?ods ?an   
wom5 ) private or public heal? insurance
 & wom5 id5tify af=dability among ! top 

?ree factors 9 det]m9+ :i* contraception
 to use2 ,:]eas ,,lgbtq individuals1    
p>ticul>ly transg5d] individuals und]go+
 transition1 exp]i5ce unique b>ri]s to  
contraception access su* z fragm5tation 
( heal? s]vices1 discrim9ation f        
provid]s1 & insurance issues1 all ( :i* 
c be exac]bat$ by racism & int]sect+    
oppression2 ,:]eas !re are cont9u$ ef=ts
 to defund or elim9ate contraceptive    
programs & falsely conflate em]g5cy     
contraceptives & intraut]9e devices )   
abortion1 ev5 ?\gh !y are prov5 to r$uce
 un9t5d$ pregnancies2 ,:]eas p ( color1 
,native p1 immigrant communities1 & p ) 
disabilities h be5 exploit$ 9 ! s]vice (
 contraceptive developm5t1 & h be5 co]c$
 into us+ contraception1 or /]iliz$     
aga9/ _! w1 yet /ill face b>ri]s to     
access+ contraception :5 !y ne$ x2 &    
,:]eas ,congress has repeat$ly recogniz$
 ! importance ( wom5's ability to access
 contraceptives ?r\gh support = !       
,m$icaid program1 ,,tric>e1 title ,x ( !
 ,public ,heal? ,s]vice ,act1 & ! ,f$]al

 ,employees ,heal? ,b5efits ,program3   
,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t-- 7#a7 x is ! s5se (
 ,congress t ,congress & ! ,trump       
adm9i/ration %\ld take fur!r /eps to    
ensure t all p h univ]sal1 expansive1   
high-quality access to free or af=dable 
contraception2  7#b7 ,congress & !      
,trump adm9i/ration %\ld ensure all p   
capable ( pregnancy h ! autonomy to     
decide :e!r to h *ildr51 ! numb] & spac+
 ( _! *ildr51 & to h m$ically accurate  
in=mation1 education1 & access to heal? 
s]vices to make ^! decisions & pursue   
reproductive ju/ice2  7#c7 ,congress & !
 ,trump adm9i/ration %\ld exam9e &      
support ways to exp& compreh5sive access
 to contraception1 includ+ /udy+        
contraceptive des]ts1 new evid5ce-bas$  
me?ods & innovations1 & :e!r ,f$]al     
policy solutions c address ^! issues2   
7#d7 ,congress & ! ,trump adm9i/ration  
%\ld ensure p h access to af=dable1     
compreh5sive1 consi/5t insurance cov]age
 = all _! reproductive heal? c>e ne$s1  
includ+ contraception )\t a prescription

 or co/ %>+ & abortion2  7#e7 ,congress 
& ! ,trump adm9i/ration %\ld exp& tra9+ 
( c\nsel+1 provision1 & foll[-up c>e =  
all =ms ( highly effective rev]sible    
contraception me?ods to prim>y c>e      
physicians to increase access to ! mo/  
effective =ms ( bir? control available2 
7#f7 ,congress aligns ) ! sci5tific     
p]spective t contraception includes all 
curr5t & future ,food & ,drug           
,adm9i/ration-approv$1 -grant$1 or-cle>$
 me?ods1 includ+ ^? available by        
prescription & ov]-!-c\nt]1 & ! ,_w     
,heal? ,organization def9es             
contraception to include female & male  
/]ilization1 ! intraut]9e device1 !     
implant1 injectables1 oral contraceptive
 pills1 ext]nal & int]nal condoms1      
vag9al b>ri] me?ods 7includ+ !          
diaphragm1 c]vical cap1 & sp]micidal    
foam1 jelly1 cream1 & sponge71          
lactational am5orrhea me?od1 em]g5cy    
contraception1 & o!r mod]n me?ods n     
report$ sep>ately 7= example1 !         
contraceptive pat* or vag9al r+72  7#g7 

,congress & ! ,trump adm9i/ration %\ld  
ensure t laws gov]n+ contraception      
access are evid5ce-bas$ & gr\nd$ 9      
accurate m$ical in=mation2  7#h7        
,congress & ! ,trump adm9i/ration %\ld  
"w to end reproductive heal? disp>ities1
 includ+ ) reg>d to e?nicity1 race1     
disability1 immigration /atus1 g5d]     
id5tity1 & sexual ori5tation2  7#i7     
,congress & ! ,trump adm9i/ration %\ld  
"w to end g5d]-bas$ viol5ce1 :i*        
disproportionately affects wom51 includ+
 transg5d] wom52  7#aj7 ,congress & !   
,trump adm9i/ration %\ld exp&           
compreh5sive & g5d]-inclusive sex       
education & pati5t-c5t]$ c\nsel+1 :i*   
includes accurate1 age-appropriate      
in=mation ab\t "o's body1 sexual &      
reproductive heal?1 me?ods (            
contraception1 access1 & human rights2  
7#aa7 ,congress & ! ,trump adm9i/ration 
%\ld ensure t ,unit$ ,/ates =eign       
assi/ance includes support =            
contraception s]vices1 safe abortion    
s]vices1 & quality po/abortion c>e1 &   

dome/ic assi/ance includes support =    
contraception s]vices ?r\gh title ,x    
family plann+ provid]s & ,c5t]s =       
,m$ic>e & ,m$icaid ,s]vices2  7#ab7 ?is 
,congress does n support any policies t 
und]m9e ! effectiv5ess ( dome/ic &      
global programs & supports additional   
fund+ = global & dome/ic programs t     
increase access to contraception su* z  
^? "u title ,x1 ,m$icaid1 ! ,indian     
,heal? ,s]vice1 #fch cl9ics1 ,,tric>e1  
,f$]al heal? c>e provid]s1 & ! ,unit$   
,/ates ,ag5cy = ,int]national           
,developm5t's ,(fice ( ,population &    
,reproductive ,heal?2 &  7#ac7 ,congress
 & ! ,trump adm9i/ration %\ld exp&      
access & cov]age = ov]-!-c\nt] bir?     
control & o!r =ms ( contraception )\t   
requir+ a prescription4