,,iii  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session   
,s4 ,,res4 #dcd  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,octob] #bf1 #bjbc,mr4
 ,ris* 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,ricketts1 ,mr4 
,cornyn1 ,mr4 ,scott ( ,florida1 ,mr4   
,grassley1 ,mr4 ,crapo1 ,mrs4           
,blackburn1 ,mr4 ,vance1 ,mr4 ,rubio1 & 
,mr4 ,scott ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a7 submitt$ !  
foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !    
,committee on ,=eign ,relations         
,,resolution  ,commemorat+ ! #bjj?      
anniv]s>y ( ! ,monroe ,doctr9e4  ,:]eas1
 on ,decemb] #b1 #ahbc1 ,presid5t ,james
 ,monroe articulat$ :at became to be    
kn[n z ! ,monroe ,doctr9e 9 8 sev5?     
annual message to ,congress2 ,:]eas 9 ! 
,monroe ,doctr9e1 ,presid5t ,monroe     
ass]t$ a pr9ciple 9 :i* ! rights &      
int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates are involv$1 t
 ! ,am]ican cont95ts1 by ! free &       
indep5d5t condition :i* !y h assum$ &   
ma9ta91 are h5ce=? n to be consid]$ z   
subjects = future colonization by =eign 
p[]s2 ,:]eas ! ,monroe ,doctr9e ass]t$ a
 _s ( solid>ity ) ! newly indep5d5t     

republics ( ,lat9 ,am]ica & e/abli%$ !  
pr9ciple t autocratic influ5ces &       
depr$ations by p[]s outside ! region    
pres5t dang]s to ! peace1 safety1 &     
indep5d5ce ( ! free nations ( ! ,we/]n  
,hemisph]e2 ,:]eas ,presid5t ,monroe    
e/abli%$ ! def5sive "* ( ! ,monroe      
,doctr9e by ass]t+ t1 ,x is only :5 our 
rights are invad$ or s]i\sly m5ac$ t we 
res5t injuries or make prep>ation = our 
def5se42 ,:]eas ,presid5t ,monroe       
proclaim$ ! doctr9e aft] ! ,russian     
,empire attempt$ to claim & colonize    
t]ritories 9 pres5t-day ,alaska & !     
,pacific ,nor?we/ 9 #ahba1 & ! seizure (
 ! ,,uss ,pe>l by ! ,russian sloop      
,apollon 9 #ahbb2 ,:]eas1 accord+ to !  
,national ,ar*ives1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,gov]nm5t invok$ ! ,monroe ,doctr9e 9   
#ahfe to ex]t diplomatic & milit>y      
pressure 9 support ( ! ,mexican         
,presid5t ,b5ito ,jurez1 :i* enabl$     
,jurez to lead a successful revolt aga9/
 ! ,emp]or ,maximilian1 :o _h be5 plac$ 
on ! ?rone by ! ,fr5* ,empire2 ,:]eas1  

accord+ to ! ,national ,ar*ives1        
,presid5t ,john ,f4 ,k5n$y invok$ !     
,monroe ,doctr9e :5 ! ,soviet ,union    
built missile laun* sites 9 ,cuba 9     
#aifb1 & z "p ( ! successful actions ( 8
 adm9i/ration to see ! ,soviet missiles 
)drawn f ! dismantl$ missile laun* sites
 9 ,cuba2 ,:]eas1 on ,septemb] #ag1     
#aihg1 ! ,s5ate adopt$ an am5dm5t1 by a 
bip>tisan vote ( #ij to #b1 to ,s4 #aagd
 7#ajj? ,congress71 kn[n z ! ,national  
,def5se ,au?orization ,act = ,fiscal    
,ye>s #aihh & #aihi1 affirm+ ! s5se ( ! 
,s5ate t ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t[>d
 ,c5tral ,am]ica %\ld be bas$ on !      
pr9ciples ( ! ,monroe ,doctr9e2 ,:]eas !
 ,national ,security ,/rategy dat$      
,octob] #bjbb /ates t no region impacts 
! ,unit$ ,/ates m directly ?an ! ,we/]n 
,hemisph]e1 & ackn[l$ges ! ?reat (      
ext]nal int]f]5ce or co]cion 9 ! ,we/]n 
,hemisph]e f ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1 ! 
,russian ,f$]ation1 & ! ,islamic        
,republic ( ,iran2 ,:]eas ! #bjbc       
,po/ure ,/atem5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates      

,s\!rn ,comm& ackn[l$ges t ext]nal      
malign actors l ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 
& ! ,russian ,f$]ation are aggressively 
ex]t+ influ5ce ov] neighbor+ c\ntries 9 
,lat9 ,am]ica & ! ,c>ibbean & raises    
conc]ns ab\t ,iranian intellig5ce &     
security activities2 ,:]eas ! #bjbc     
,po/ure ,/atem5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates      
,s\!rn ,comm& notes t ! ,p's ,republic (
 ,*9a is encroa*+ ^u s5sitive critical  
infra/ructure 9 ! ,we/]n ,hemisph]e     
?r\gh inve/m5ts1 includ+ 9 deep-wat]    
ports1 cyb] facilities1 & space         
facilities :i* c h a pot5tial dual use =
 malign comm]cial & milit>y activities2 
,:]eas ! #bjbc ,po/ure ,/atem5t ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,s\!rn ,comm& notes t !   
,russian ,f$]ation und]takes ext5sive   
dis9=mation campaigns 9 ,lat9 ,am]ica1  
bol/]s au?orit>ian regimes l ! ,republic
 ( ,cuba1 ! ,republic ( ,nic>agua1 & !  
,boliv>ian ,republic ( ,v5ezuela1 &     
pursues milit>y engagem5t & gray zone   
op]ations 9 ?is region2 ,:]eas ! po/ure 
/atem5t = #bjbc ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates       

,nor!rn ,comm& ass]ts ,our competitors &
 pot5tial adv]s>ies1 p>ticul>ly ! ,p's  
,republic ( ,*9a & ,russia1 cont9ue to  
*all5ge ! rules-bas$ int]national ord] &
 seek to advance _! int]e/s & ga9 global
 advantages ?r\gh political             
intimidation1 economic co]cion1 cyb] &  
in=mation op]ations1 asymmetric attacks 
on infra/ructure1 & ! direct ?reat or   
actual employm5t ( milit>y =ce2 & ,:]eas
 ! lett] & _s ( ! ,monroe ,doctr9e      
cont9ue to inspire ! ef=ts ( ! p ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates to-- 7#a7 ma9ta9 robu/    
dome/ic1 economic1 & def5se             
capabilities2 &  7#b7 p>tn] ) democratic
 nations ( ! ,we/]n ,hemisph]e on a     
basis ( mutual respect & support = %>$  
b5eficial diplomatic1 comm]cial1 &      
security endeavors3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x  ,t
 ! ,s5ate-- 7#a7 commemorates ! #bjj?   
anniv]s>y ( ! promulgation ( ! ,monroe  
,doctr9e2  7#b7 reass]ts ! rights &     
int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 accordance 
) ! ,monroe ,doctr9e1 to oppose a =eign 
p[] ext5d+ malign influ5ce t c\ld       

endang] or und]m9e ! democracies ( !    
,we/]n ,hemisph]e2 &  7#c7 recognizes ! 
pr9ciples ( hemisph]e fre$om &          
indep5d5ce1 z en%r9$ 9 ! ,monroe        
,doctr9e1 z an endur+ f\ndational       
corn]/one ( ! =eign policy ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates4