,,iia  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session   
,s4 ,j4 ,,res4 #ea  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( 
,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,novemb] #ae1      
#bjbc,mr4 ,paul introduc$ ! foll[+ jo9t 
resolution2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to
 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations      
,,jo9t ,,resolution  ,direct+ ! removal 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces f ho/ilities
 9 ,syria t h n be5 au?oriz$ by         
,congress4  #a4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! 
foll[+3 7#a7 ,congress has ! sole p[] to
 decl>e w> "u ! ,w> ,p[]s ,clause (     
section #h ( article ,i ( ! ,con/itution
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#b7 ,!re are #ijj 
memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces    
deploy$ 9 ,syria4  7#c7 ,congress has n 
decl>$ w> aga9/ ,syria or any           
organization or gr\p 9 ,syria4  7#d7 ,! 
,au?orization = ,use ( ,milit>y ,=ce    
7,public ,law #ajg-dj2 #ej ,u4,s4,c4    
#aeda note7 aga9/ ! p]petrators ( !     
t]ror attacks on ,septemb] #aa1 #bjja1  
:i* 0 enact$ on ,septemb] #ah1 #bjja1 & 
! ,au?orization = ,use ( ,milit>y ,=ce  
,aga9/ ,iraq ,resolution ( #bjjb        

7,public ,law #ajg-bdc2 #ej ,u4,s4,c4   
#aeda note71 :i* 0 enact$ on ,octob]    
#af1 #bjjb1 d n s]ve z specific /atutory
 au?orizations = ! use ( =ce aga9/      
,syria4  7#e7 ,unit$ ,/ates milit>y     
op]ations 9 ,syria began on ,septemb]   
#bb1 #bjad1 m ?an #ac ye>s aft] !       
,septemb] #aa1 #bjja1 t]rori/ attacks1 )
 ,op]ation ,inh]5t ,resolve t>get+ !    
,islamic ,/ate 9 ,iraq & ,syria         
7,,isis74  7#f7 ,s9ce ,septemb] #bb1    
#bjad1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces h be5
 introduc$ into ho/ilities 9 ,syria1    
aga9/ bo? ,/ate & non-/ate actors4  7#g7
 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 9 ,syria h
 t>get$ num]\s entities1 includ+ !      
,syrian ,arm$ ,=ces & pro-,syrian       
gov]nm5t =ces1 t]rori/ organizations1   
includ+ ,,isis1 ! ,islamic ,revolution>y
 ,gu>d ,corps1 ,iranian-back$ militias1 
! ,russian-back$ ,wagn] ,gr\p1 & ! arm$ 
=ces ( ,turkey4  7#h7 ,on ,octob] #cj1  
#bjae1 ! adm9i/ration ( ,presid5t ,b>ack
 ,obama deploy$ memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,arm$ ,=ces1 ann\nc+ t up to #ej       

special op]ations =ces w\ld be deploy$  
to ,syria4  7#i7 ,on ,april #be1 #bjaf1 
! ,obama adm9i/ration ann\nc$ t an      
additional #bej special op]ations =ces  
w\ld be deploy$ to ,syria4  7#aj7 ,on   
,decemb] #f1 #bjag1 ! ,secret>y (       
,def5se reveal$ t !re 7 approximately   
#b1jjj memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$   
,=ces deploy$ 9 ,syria4  7#aa7 ,s9ce    
#bjaf1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces h      
t>get$ p]sonnel1 plat=ms1 & facilities (
 ! ,syrian ,arm$ ,=ces or =ces alli$ ) !
 ,gov]nm5t ( ,syria on at lea/ #aa      
occasions1 includ+ on ,april #g1 #bjag1 
:5 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces fir$ #ei   
,tomahawk cruise missiles at ,%ayrat    
,airbase controll$ by ! ,syrian         
,gov]nm5t4 ,syrian ,gov]nm5t (ficials   
indicat$ ! /rike kill$ #af p1 includ+ #g
 milit>y p]sonnel4  7#ab7 ,on ,febru>y  
#g1 #bjah1 memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,arm$ ,=ces 9 ,syria kill$ hundr$s (    
,russian citiz5s :o 7 memb]s ( !        
,russian-back$ ,wagn] ,gr\p4  7#ac7 ,on 
,april #ab1 #bjah1 ,director ( ! ,c5tral

 ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy ,mike ,pompeo told 
! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( !   
,s5ate1 ,9 ,syria1 n[1 a h&ful ( weeks  
ago1 ! ,russians met _! mat*4 ,a c\ple  
hundr$ ,russians 7 kill$44  7#ad7 ,on   
,decemb] #ai1 #bjah1 ,presid5t ,donald  
,j4 ,trump ord]$ ! )drawal ( all ,unit$ 
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces f ,syria1 a policy t 
0 n implem5t$1 z #ijj memb]s ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces rema9 9 ,syria4      
7#ae7 ,on ,febru>y #bh1 #bjai1 ,presid5t
 ,trump decl>$ t #ajj p]c5t ( ! ,islamic
 ,/ate caliphate _h be5 defeat$1 !re=e  
a*iev+ ! objective ( ,op]ation ,inh]5t  
,resolve4  7#af7 ,on ,octob] #aa1 #bjai1
 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se report$ t memb]s 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 9 nor!rn  
,syria came "u artill]y fire f ,turki%  
,arm$ ,=ces4  7#ag7 ,=m] ,unit$ ,/ates  
,special ,presid5tial ,envoy = !        
anti-,,isis coalition ,brett ,mc,gurk   
/at$1 ,turki% =ces h fir$ on a decl>$   
,unit$ ,/ates milit>y outpo/ 9 nor!rn   
,syria4 ,turkey kn[s all ( our locations
 d[n to ! precise grid coord9ate44      

7#ah7 ,on ,july #aa1 #bjai1 ,presid5tial
 c&idate ,joseph ,r4 ,bid51 ,jr41       
promis$ to end =ev] w>s 9 ,afghani/an & 
! ,middle ,ea/ & /at$ t ,/ay+ entr5*$ 9 
unw9nable conflicts only dra9s our      
capacity to lead on o!r issues t require
 our att5tion4  7#ai7 ,on ,octob] #f1   
#bjai1 ,presid5t ,trump ord]$ ! )drawal 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces f nor!rn    
,syria4  7#bj7 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces
 9 ,syria are regul>ly attack$ by       
,iranian-back$ militias1 result+ 9      
casualties4  7#ba7 ,on ,febru>y #be1    
#bjba1 ,presid5t ,joseph ,r4 ,bid51     
,jr41 ord]$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 
to c>ry out air/rikes 9 ea/]n ,syria    
aga9/ facilities us$ by ,iran-back$     
militias 9 response to attacks aga9/    
,unit$ ,/ates & alli$ p]sonnel 9 ,iraq t
 kill$ a ,filip9o contractor & injur$ a 
,national ,gu>dsm5 & #d ,unit$ ,/ates   
contractors4  7#bb7 ,on ,june #bg1      
#bjba1 ,presid5t ,bid5 ord]$ ! ,unit$   
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to c>ry out air/rikes
 aga9/ ,iran-back$ militias 9 ,syria 9  

response to drone attacks aga9/ ,unit$  
,/ates p]sonnel & facilities 9 ,iraq4   
7#bc7 ,on ,augu/ #bd1 #bjbb1 ,presid5t  
,bid5 ord]$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 
to c>ry out air/rikes aga9/ ,iran-back$ 
militias 9 ,deir al ,z\r1 ,syria1 9     
response to attacks on a ,unit$ ,/ates  
base 9 nor!a/]n ,syria t injur$ #c      
memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces4   
7#bd7 ,on ,m>* #bd1 #bjbc1 ,presid5t    
,bid5 ord]$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 
to c>ry out air/rikes aga9/ ,iran-back$ 
militias 9 ,syria 9 response to an      
attack 9 nor!a/ ,syria t kill$ a ,unit$ 
,/ates contractor & injur$ #e memb]s ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces & ano!r      
,unit$ ,/ates contractor4  7#be7 ,on    
,octob] #e1 #bjbc1 a ,unit$ ,/ates      
,f-#af aircraft %ot d[n an arm$ ,turki% 
drone op]at+ 9 nor!a/]n ,syria4 ,! drone
 0 report$ to h come )9 #ejj y>ds (     
memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces4   
7#bf7 ,s9ce ,octob] #ag1 #bjbc1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 9 ,syria & ,iraq h   
be5 attack$ at lea/ #eb times1 ) #bh    

attacks 9 ,syria & #bd attacks 9 ,iraq4 
,su* attacks result$ 9 at lea/ #ef      
memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces be+
 injur$1 ( :om at lea/ #be memb]s h     
su/a9$ traumatic bra9 injuries4  7#bg7  
,on ,octob] #bf1 #bjbc1 ,presid5t ,bid5 
ord]$ ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to      
conduct air/rikes aga9/ a weapons /orage
 facility & an ammunition /orage        
facility us$ by ! ,islamic ,revolution>y
 ,gu>d ,corps & ,iranian-back$ militias 
9 ,abu ,kamal1 ,syria4  7#bh7 ,on       
,novemb] #h1 #bjbc1 ,presid5t ,bid5     
ord]$ ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to      
conduct air/rikes aga9/ a weapons /orage
 facility us$ by ! ,islamic             
,revolution>y ,gu>d ,corps &            
,iranian-back$ militias 9 ,maysalun1    
,syria4  7#bi7 ,on ,novemb] #ab1 #bjbc1 
,presid5t ,bid5 ord]$ ,unit$ ,/ates     
,arm$ ,=ces to conduct air/rikes aga9/ a
 tra9+ facility & a safe h\se us$ by !  
,islamic ,revolution>y ,gu>d ,corps &   
,iranian-back$ militias 9 ,abu ,kamal & 
,mayad91 ,syria4  7#cj7 ,n9e memb]s ( ! 

,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces h be5 kill$ 9 
,syria s9ce ! comm5cem5t ( ,op]ation    
,inh]5t ,resolve3 ,/aff ,s]geant ,au/9  
,bi]51 ,s5ior ,*ief ,petty ,(fic] ,scott
 ,dayton1 ,ma/] ,s]geant ,jona?an       
,dunb>1 ,*ief ,w>rant ,(fic] #b ,jona?an
 ,f>m]1 ,s5ior ,*ief ,petty ,(fice      
,%annon ,k5t1 ,speciali/ ,antonio       
,moore1 ,sgt4 ,bryan ,m\nt1 ,speciali/  
,eti5ne ,murphy1 & ,private ,fir/ ,class
 ,mi*ael ,?omason4  7#ca7 ,! #ijj memb]s
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces deploy$ 9
 ,syria face significant risk1 z is     
evid5c$ by regul>ly occurr+ attacks1 &  
an imm95t ?reat ( wid] ho/ilities       
involv+ su* memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates    
,arm$ ,=ces 9 ,syria4  7#cb7 ,section   
#h7;c7 ( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej   
,u4,s4,c4 #aedg7;c77 def9es !           
introduction ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces
 to include ! assignm5t ( memb]s ( su*  
,arm$ ,=ces to comm&1 coord9ate1        
p>ticipate 9 ! movem5t (1 or accompany !
 regul> or irregul> milit>y =ces ( any  
=eign c\ntry or gov]nm5t :5 su* milit>y 

=ces are engag$1 or !re exi/s an imm95t 
?reat t su* =ces w become engag$1 9     
ho/ilities4 ,activities t ! ,unit$      
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces h conduct$ 9 ,syria  
fall )9 su* def9ition1 z is evid5c$ by  
,unit$ ,/ates support ( ! ,p's          
,protection ,units 7,,ypg71 ! ,syrian   
,democratic ,=ces 7,,sdf71 ! ,free      
,syrian ,army 7,,fsa71 & o!r regul> &   
irregul> milit>y =ces 9 ,syria4  7#cc7  
,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces h be5      
introduc$ into active or imm95t         
ho/ilities )9 ! mean+ ( section #d7;a7 (
 ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 
#aedc7;a774 ,activities t ! ,unit$      
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces h conduct$ 9 ,syria  
fall )9 su* mean+1 z evid5c$ by /rikes  
on ! ,syrian ,arm$ ,=ces1 pro-,syrian   
gov]nm5t =ces1 v>i\s t]rori/            
organizations1 includ+ ,,isis1 !        
,islamic ,revolution>y ,gu>d ,corps1    
,iranian-back$ militias1 !              
,russian-back$ ,wagn] ,gr\p1 & ! ,arm$  
,=ces ( ,turkey4  7#cd7 ,section #e7;c7 
( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4

 #aedd7;c77 /ates1 at any "t t ,unit$   
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces are engag$ 9         
ho/ilities outside ! t]ritory ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates1 its possessions & t]ritories   
)\t a decl>ation ( w> or specific       
/atutory au?orization1 su* =ces %all be 
remov$ by ! ,presid5t if ! ,congress s  
directs4  7#ce7 ,section #ajac ( !      
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate ,au?orization ,act1   
,fiscal ,ye>s #aihd & #aihe 7#ej        
,u4,s4,c4 #aedf;a7 provides1 ,any jo9t  
resolution or bill to require ! removal 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces engag$ 9    
ho/ilities 4 4 4 )\t a decl>ation ( w>  
or specific /atutory au?orization %all  
be consid]$ 9 accordance ) ! proc$ures (
 section #fja7;b7 ( ! ,int]national     
,security ,assi/ance & ,arms ,export    
,control ,act ( #aigf7,public ,law      
#id-cbi2 #ij ,/at4 #gfe74  #b4 ,removal 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces f ho/ilities
 9 ,syria t h n be5 au?oriz$ by         
,congress ,pursuant to section #ajac ( !
 ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate ,au?orization ,act1  
,fiscal ,ye>s #aihd & #aihe 7#ej        

,u4,s4,c4 #aedf;a71 & 9 accordance ) !  
provisions ( section #fja7;b7 ( !       
,int]national ,security ,assi/ance &    
,arms ,export ,control ,act ( #aigf     
7,public ,law #id-cbi2 #ij ,/at4 #gfe71 
,congress h]eby directs ! ,presid5t to  
remove ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces f      
ho/ilities 9 or affect+ ,syria by n lat]
 ?an ! date t is #cj days aft] ! date ( 
! adoption ( ?is jo9t resolution 7unless
 ! ,presid5t reque/s & ,congress        
au?orizes a lat] date71 & unless & until
 a decl>ation ( w> or specific          
au?orization = su* use ( ,unit$ ,/ates  
,arm$ ,=ces has be5 enact$4  #c4 ,rule (
 con/ruction reg>d+ au?orizations = use 
( milit>y =ce ,consi/5t ) section       
#h7;a77#a7 ( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution    
7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #aedg7;a77#a771 no?+ 9   
?is jo9t resolution may be con/ru$ z    
au?oriz+ ! use ( milit>y =ce4