,,iia #aahth ,,congress #ast ,session ,s4 ,j4 ,,res4 #ci ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,july #bg1 #bjbc ,mrs4 ,gillibrand 7for herself1 ,mr4 ,cardin1 ,mr4 ,padilla1 ,mr4 ,sanders1 ,mrs4 ,murray1 ,ms4 ,baldwin1 ,mr4 ,blumenthal1 ,mr4 ,booker1 ,mr4 ,brown1 ,ms4 ,duckworth1 ,mrs4 ,feinstein1 ,mr4 ,heinrich1 ,ms4 ,hirono1 ,mr4 ,markey1 ,mr4 ,merkley1 ,mr4 ,van ,hollen1 ,mr4 ,welch1 ,mr4 ,wyden1 ,mr4 ,kaine1 ,mr4 ,menendez1 and ,ms4 ,warren7 introduced the following joint resolution2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on the ,judiciary ,,joint ,,resolution ,expressing the sense of ,congress that the article of amendment commonly known as the ,equal ,rights ,amendment has been validly ratified and is enforceable as the #bhth ,amendment to the ,constitution of the ,united ,states1 and the ,archivist of the ,united ,states must certify and publish the ,equal ,rights ,amendment as the #bhth ,amendment without delay4 ,whereas the ,equal ,rights ,amendment provides an explicit constitutional basis for combating sex discrimination and provides ,congress with authority to enact stronger laws to ensure sex equality by adding the following language to the ,constitution3 #a4 ,equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the ,united ,states or by any ,state on account of sex4 #b4 ,the ,congress shall have the power to enforce1 by appropriate legislation1 the provisions of this article4 #c4 ,this amendment shall take effect two years after the date of ratification4 2 ,whereas article ,v of the ,constitution provides two requirements for amending the ,constitution1 including-- 7#a7 passage in both ,houses of ,congress by two-thirds of each body2 and 7#b7 ratification by three-fourths of the ,states2 ,whereas the ,house of ,representatives passed the ,equal ,rights ,amendment on ,october #ab1 #aiga1 with a vote of #ced yeas and #bd nays 7with #ea not voting71 the ,senate passed the ,equal ,rights ,amendment on ,march #bb1 #aigb1 by a vote of #hd yeas and #h nays 7with #g not voting71 and the amendment was sent to the ,states for ratification2 ,whereas three-fourths of the ,states have ratified the ,equal ,rights ,amendment1 the final ,state necessary1 ,virginia1 having ratified on ,january #bg1 #bjbj1 including-- 7#a7 ,hawaii 7,march #bb1 #aigb72 7#b7 ,new ,hampshire 7,march #bc1 #aigb72 7#c7 ,delaware 7,march #bc1 #aigb72 7#d7 ,iowa 7,march #bd1 #aigb72 7#e7 ,idaho 7,march #bd1 #aigb72 7#f7 ,kansas 7,march #bh1 #aigb72 7#g7 ,nebraska 7,march #bi1 #aigb72 7#h7 ,texas 7,march #cj1 #aigb72 7#i7 ,tennessee 7,april #d1 #aigb72 7#aj7 ,alaska 7,april #e1 #aigb72 7#aa7 ,rhode ,island 7,april #ad1 #aigb72 7#ab7 ,new ,jersey 7,april #ag1 #aigb72 7#ac7 ,colorado 7,april #ba1 #aigb72 7#ad7 ,west ,virginia 7,april #bb1 #aigb72 7#ae7 ,wisconsin 7,april #bf1 #aigb72 7#af7 ,new ,york 7,may #ah1 #aigb72 7#ag7 ,michigan 7,may #bb1 #aigb72 7#ah7 ,maryland 7,may #bf1 #aigb72 7#ai7 ,massachusetts 7,june #ba1 #aigb72 7#bj7 ,kentucky 7,june #bg1 #aigb72 7#ba7 ,pennsylvania 7,september #bg1 #aigb72 7#bb7 ,california 7,november #ac1 #aigb72 7#bc7 ,wyoming 7,january #bf1 #aigc72 7#bd7 ,south ,dakota 7,february #e1 #aigc72 7#be7 ,oregon 7,february #h1 #aigc72 7#bf7 ,minnesota 7,february #h1 #aigc72 7#bg7 ,new ,mexico 7,february #bh1 #aigc72 7#bh7 ,vermont 7,march #a1 #aigc72 7#bi7 ,connecticut 7,march #ae1 #aigc72 7#cj7 ,washington 7,march #bb1 #aigc72 7#ca7 ,maine 7,january #ah1 #aigd72 7#cb7 ,montana 7,january #be1 #aigd72 7#cc7 ,ohio 7,february #g1 #aigd72 7#cd7 ,north ,dakota 7,february #c1 #aige72 7#ce7 ,indiana 7,january #ah1 #aigg72 7#cf7 ,nevada 7,march #bb1 #bjag72 7#cg7 ,illinois 7,may #cj1 #bjah72 and 7#ch7 ,virginia 7,january #bg1 #bjbj72 ,whereas article ,v of the ,constitution does not impose a deadline for the ratification of an article of amendment2 ,whereas the #bgth ,amendment to the ,constitution was approved by two-thirds of each ,house of ,congress and #bjc years later it was finally ratified by three-fourths of the ,states2 ,whereas the #bgth ,amendment to the ,constitution was certified and published by the ,administration of ,george ,h4 ,w4 ,bush as part of the ,constitution2 ,whereas1 following publication of the #bgth ,amendment1 ,congress moved to affirm it as part of the ,constitution2 ,whereas the #adth ,amendment to the ,constitution was certified and published as part of the ,constitution in #ahfh despite #b ,states purporting to rescind their ratifications2 ,whereas the ,states that purported to rescind their ratifications of the #adth ,amendment 7,ohio and ,new ,jersey7 were counted among the ratifying ,states2 ,whereas ,tennessee attempted to rescind its ratification of the #aith ,amendment to the ,constitution but its attempt was ignored and the #aith ,amendment was certified and published on ,august #bf1 #aibj2 and ,whereas the ,archivist of the ,united ,states1 once a proposed amendment has been adopted according to the provisions of the ,constitution1 has a statutory duty under section #ajf;b of title #a1 ,united ,states ,code1 to certify that the proposed amendment has become valid1 to all intents and purposes1 as a part of the ,constitution and publish the proposed amendment in the ,federal ,register3 ,now1 therefore1 be it ,that it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 the article of amendment to the ,constitution of the ,united ,states commonly known as the ,equal ,rights ,amendment has been duly proposed by two-thirds of each ,house of the ,congress and ratified by more than three-fourths of the several ,states1 and thus has met the requirements of the ,constitution under article ,v of the ,constitution and is enforceable as the #bhth ,amendment to the ,constitution1 effective ,january #bg1 #bjbj2 and 7#b7 the current ,archivist of the ,united ,states should proceed to fulfill their ministerial duty under section #ajf;b of title #a1 ,united ,states ,code1 to certify and publish the #bhth ,amendment to the ,constitution1 without delay4