,,ii  #aah? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #ecfe  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,novemb] #ba1 #bjbd,mr4
 ,sullivan introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 
0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on
 ,=eign ,relations  ,a ,,bill  ,to      
require ! ,presid5t to notify ,congress 
& take c]ta9 actions 9 response to any  
attempt by a c\ntry ( conc]n to affect  
,unit$ ,/ates elections4  #a4 ,%ort     
title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,/op    
,adv]s>ies ,m$dl+ 9 ,am]ican ,elections 
,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress makes !     
foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,on ,novemb] #h1     
#bjbd1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice unseal$ a  
*>ge involv+ an ,iranian plot to kill   
,presid5t-elect ,donald ,trump 9 !      
leadup to ! election4 ,a crim9al        
compla9t fil$ 9 ,f$]al c\rt 9 ,manhattan
 alleges t an unnam$ (ficial 9 ,iran's  
p>amilit>y ,revolution>y ,gu>d in/ruct$ 
a contact to put toge!r a plan to       
surveil & ultimately kill ,donald ,j4   
,trump4  7#b7 ,on ,novemb] #e1 #bjbd1 ! 
,new ,york ,times report$ t !           

,cyb]security & ,infra/ructure ,security
 ,ag5cy1 ! ,f$]al ,bureau (             
,inve/igation1 & intellig5ce ag5cies    
issu$ a w>n+ t adv]s>ies1 l$ by ,russia1
 7 conduct+ additional influ5ce         
op]ations4 ,c5tral ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy  
(ficials call$ out a video circulat+ on 
,novemb] #e t falsely claim$ ! spy ag5cy
 _h uncov]$ cases ( fraud 9 :i* dead p  
_h vot$4 ,ano!r dis9=mation campaign    
t>get$ ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( ,inve/igation1
 prompt+ ! ,bureau to say its "n & logo 
7 be+ us$ to spread election falsehoods4
  7#c7 ,on ,novemb] #e1 #bjbd1 ,reut]s  
report$ t accord+ to ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( 
,inve/igation1 hoax bomb ?reats1 _m (   
:i* appe>$ to orig9ate f ,russian e-mail
 doma9s1 7 direct$ on ,tuesday at poll+ 
locations 9 #e battlegr\nd ,/ates1      
includ+ ,georgia1 ,mi*igan1 ,arizona1   
,wiscons91 & ,p5nsylvania1 z election   
day vot+ 0 und]way4  7#d7 ,on ,novemb]  
#a1 #bjbd1 ! ,new ,york ,times report$  
,unit$ ,/ates intellig5ce ag5cies h     
conclud$ t ,russia 0 beh9d #b new       

fabricat$ videos t appe>$ on social m$ia
 ?is week falsely claim+ t ,haitians    
illegally vot$ 9 ,georgia & t ,vice     
,presid5t ,kamala ,h>ris & h] husb&     
receiv$ a #ejj1jjj bribe f ! p]=m] ,sean
 ,combs4  7#e7 ,on ,novemb] #b1 #bjbd1 !
 ,wa%+ton ,po/ report$ t ! ,*9a-l9k$    
hack ( at lea/ #c major ,unit$ ,/ates   
telecommunications provid]s t>get$      
high-level figures 9 ! presid5tial      
campaign4 ,(ficials h said t in=mation  
relat$ to ,f$]al reque/s = wiretaps 0   
t>get$1 z well z telephones us$ by =m]  
,presid5t ,donald ,trump1 ,s5ator ,,jd  
,vance1 campaign work]s 9 bo? ! ,kamala 
,h>ris & ,trump campaigns1 & memb]s (   
,presid5t ,trump's family4 ,x is be+    
report$ z ! fir/ "t ,beij+ is kn[n to h 
t>get$ presid5tial election c&idates    
directly4  7#f7 ,on ,octob] #bi1 #bjbd1 
! ,new ,york ,times report$ ,dis9=mation
 f abroad--p>ticul>ly f ,russia1 ,*9a & 
,iran--has matur$ into a consi/5t &     
p]nici\s ?reat4 ,!y note ! foll[+ #e key
 tr5ds3 7,a7 ,a broad expansion (       

dis9=mation across a multiplicity (     
social m$ia outlets4  7,b7 ,! cont5t is 
f> m t>get$ to specific demographics4   
7,c7 ,artificial intellig5ce is propell+
 ?is evolution4  7,d7 ,x is becom+ mu*  
h>d] to id5tify dis9=mation4  7,e7      
,te*nology companies are n do+ z mu* to 
/op dis9=mation4  7#g7 ,on ,octob] #be1 
#bjbd1 ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( ,inve/igation 
& (ficials f ! ,(fice ( ! ,director (   
,national ,intellig5ce & ! ,cyb]security
 & ,infra/ructure ,security ,ag5cy issu$
 a /atem5t indicat+ ,russian actors     
manufactur$ & amplifi$ a rec5t viral    
video t falsely %[$ a p]son te>+ up     
ballots 9 ,p5nsylvania4 ,!y add$ ?is    
,russian activity is "p ( ,mosc['s      
broad] ef=t to raise unf\nd$ que/ions   
ab\t ! integrity ( ! ,,u election & /oke
 divisions among ,am]icans1 ! ag5cies   
said 9 a /atem5t4  7#h7 ,on ,octob] #be1
 #bjbd1 inve/igators on backgr\nd told  
,unit$ ,/ates m$ia ,! ,*9ese hack]s :o  
burr[$ into ! networks ( ,u4,s4         
telecommunications firms h us$ _! deep  

access to t>get ! phones ( =m] ,presid5t
 ,donald ,trump1 8 runn+ mate1 ,,jd     
,vance1 & p affiliat$ ) ,vice ,presid5t 
,kamala ,h>ris's presid5tial campaign1  
accord+ to p famili> ) ! matt]4  7#i7   
,sep>ately on ,octob] #be1 #bjbd1 !     
,f$]al ,bureau ( ,inve/igation confirm$ 
x 0 inve/igat+ unau?oriz$ access to     
comm]cial telecommunications            
infra/ructure by ,*9ese actors4 ,!      
/atem5t 0 ! fir/ =mal ackn[l$gm5t by !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t ab\t ! massive  
brea*4 ,aft] ! ,f$]al ,bureau (         
,inve/igation id5tifi$ specific malici\s
 activity t>get+ ! sector1 ! ,f$]al     
,bureau ( ,inve/igation & !             
,cyb]security & ,infra/ructure ,security
 ,ag5cy issu$ a /atem5t & notifi$       
affect$ companies1 r5d]$ te*nical       
assi/ance1 & rapidly %>$ in=mation to   
assi/ o!r pot5tial victims4  7#aj7 ,an  
,octob] #bc1 #bjbd1 ,micros(t ,?reat    
,analysis ,c5t] report reveal$ ,*9ese   
influ5ce op]ations t>get$ a h&ful (     
,republican c&idates & congressional    

memb]s :o advocate = anti-,*9ese        
policies4  7#aa7 ,on ,octob] #bb1 #bjbd1
 ,unit$ ,/ates intellig5ce (ficials on  
,tuesday said ,russians seek+ to disrupt
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates elections creat$ a fak$
 video & o!r mat]ial sme>+ ,democratic  
vice-presid5tial nom9ee ,tim ,walz )    
abuse allegations & are consid]+ fom5t+ 
viol5ce dur+ & aft] ! vote4  7#ab7 ,on  
,septemb] #be1 #bjbd1 ! ,wall ,/reet    
,j\rnal report$ t hack]s l9k$ to !      
,*9ese gov]nm5t h brok5 into a h&ful (  
,unit$ ,/ates int]net-s]vice provid]s 9 
rec5t mon?s 9 pursuit ( s5sitive        
in=mation1 accord+ to p famili> ) !     
matt]4 ,! hack+ campaign1 call$ ,salt   
,typhoon by inve/igators1 hasn't        
previ\sly be5 publicly disclos$ & is !  
late/ 9 a s]ies ( incursions t ,unit$   
,/ates inve/igators h l9k$ to ,*9a 9    
rec5t ye>s4  7#ac7 ,a ,septemb] #bjbd   
,(fice ( ! ,director ( ,national        
,intellig5ce conf]5ce call ab\t =eign   
election int]f]5ce ef=ts /at$ propag&i/s
 9 ,*9a1 ,iran1 & ,russia are us+       

artificial intellig5ce to create cont5t 
design$ to deceive ,am]icans ab\t !     
presid5tial election4  7#ad7 ,9 ,april  
#bjbd1 ,secret>y ( ,/ate ,an?ony ,bl9k5 
told ,,cnn t ,*9a 0 attempt+ to influ5ce
 & int]f]e 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates election   
despite ,presid5t ,xi previ\sly giv+    
assurances to ,presid5t ,bid5 t x w\ld n
 d s4  7#ae7 ,9 an ,april #bjbd1 ,new   
,york ,times article1 ,unit$ ,/ates     
(ficials claim$ cov]t ,*9ese acc\nts are
 promot+ conspiracy !ories1 /ok+ dome/ic
 divisions1 & attack+ ,presid5t ,bid5   
ahead ( ! election 9 ,novemb]1 accord+  
to rese>*]s & gov]nm5t (ficials4  7#af7 
,rese>*]s at ! ,in/itute = ,/rategic    
,dialogue connect$ ,*9a's onl9e         
int]f]5ce to a long-runn+ network (     
acc\nts connect$ ) ! ,*9ese gov]nm5t    
kn[n z ,spam\flage4  7#ag7 ,an ,octob]  
#bjbd ,(fice ( ! ,director ( ,national  
,intellig5ce report w>n$ t ! ,unit$     
,/ates intellig5ce community expect$    
=eign influ5ce actors to ''' call into  
"q ! validity ( ! election's results    

aft] ! polls close4  7#ah7 ,! ,octob]   
#bjbd ,(fice ( ! ,director ( ,national  
,intellig5ce report /at$ t =eign actors 
are almo/ c]ta9ly consid]+ ! possibility
 ( ano!r conte/$ presid5tial election & 
a tight conte/ = control ( bo? ! ,s5ate 
& ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4  7#ai7 ,!  
,octob] #bjbd ,(fice ( ! ,director (    
,national ,intellig5ce report /at$ t    
=eign actors w likely take advantage (  
su* an opportunity to use simil> tactics
 9 a po/-election p]iod to und]m9e tru/ 
9 ! integrity ( ! election1 election    
processes1 & fur!r exac]bate divisions  
among ,am]icans4  7#bj7 ,an ,octob]     
#bjbd ,new ,york ,times article quot$ a 
,bid5 adm9i/ration (ficial :o /at$ =eign
 p[]s realize ''' !y c spread messages t
 sugge/ ! process 0 flaw$4 ,(ficials    
said !y call$ su* ef=ts 8p]ception      
hack+4  7#ba7 ,a ,febru>y #bjbd ,(fice (
 ! ,director ( ,national ,intellig5ce   
,?reat ,assessm5t /ates3 ,! ,,prc aims  
to s[ d\bts ab\t ,u4,s4 lead]%ip1       
und]m9e democracy1 & ext5d ,beij+'s     

influ5ce ''' due to its desire to       
sidel9e critics ( ,*9a & magnify ,u4,s4 
societal divisions4 ,,prc actors h      
increas$ _! capabilities to conduct     
cov]t influ5ce op]ations & dissem9ate   
dis9=mation4  7#bb7 ,a ,decemb] #bjbb   
,national ,intellig5ce ,c\ncil report   
/ates ,*9a tacitly approv$ ef=ts to try 
to influ5ce a h&ful ( #bjbb midt]m races
 involv+ memb]s ( bo? ,u4,s4 political  
p>ties40 ,! assessm5t adds ) high       
confid5ce t ,*9a's goals are to c\nt]   
,u4,s4 politicians view$ z anti-,*9a &  
to support o!rs view$ z pro-,*9a4  7#bc7
 ,cyb]security firm ,m&iant alleg$      
,*9ese int]f]5ce 9 ! #bjbb ,unit$ ,/ates
 midt]m elections via ,,dragonbridge1 an
 influ5ce campaign assess$ to be op]at+ 
9 support ( ! political int]e/s ( ! ,p's
 ,republic ( ,*9a4  7#bd7 ,a ,novemb]   
#bjbc memo by ! ,select ,committee on ! 
,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty outl9es ,*9a's   
unit$ front "w1 describ$ z a unique bl5d
 ( engagem5t1 influ5ce activities1 &    
intellig5ce op]ations t ! ,,ccp uses to 

%ape its political environm5t1 includ+  
to influ5ce o!r c\ntries' policy t[>d ! 
,,prc & to ga9 access to advanc$ =eign  
te*nology4  7#be7 ,9 ,april #bjbc1 !    
,unit$ ,/ates ,attorney's ,(fice = !    
,ea/]n ,di/rict ( ,new ,york *>g$ #dd   
,*9ese nationals = conduct+ onl9e       
dis9=mation campaigns t promot$ ,,prc   
propag&a & = attempt+ to intimidate &   
sil5ce ,,prc critics4  7#bf7 ,an ,octob]
 #bjbd ,(fice ( ! ,director ( ,national 
,intellig5ce report /ates ,russia is    
lev]ag+ a wide range ( influ5ce actors 9
 an ef=t to influ5ce congressional races
 & 9 p>ticul> to enc\rage ! ,u4,s4      
public to oppose pro-,ukra9e policies & 
politicians4  7#bg7 ,9 ,septemb] #bjbd1 
! ,bid5 adm9i/ration ann\nc$ a broad    
ef=t to c\nt] ,russia's influ5ce        
campaigns 9 ! #bjbd election1 includ+   
?r\gh sanctions1 indictm5ts1 & seiz+ (  
web doma9s t ,unit$ ,/ates (ficials say 
! ,kreml9 uses to spread propag&a &     
dis9=mation4  7#bh7 ,a ne>ly #cjj-page  
,,fbi affidavit lays out a broad1       

,kreml9-back$ ef=t to se$ fake news     
/ories to attack ,unit$ ,/ates          
politicians support+ ,ukra9e 9 ! w>     
aga9/ ,russia & /oke t5sions 9 ,unit$   
,/ates society4  7#bi7 ,9 ,septemb]     
#bjbd1 ! ,/ate ,dep>tm5t ann\nc$ =?com+ 
designations ( #e ,russian /ate-fund$   
news outlets1 includ+ ,,rt1 ,ruptly &   
,sputnik1 z =eign gov]nm5t missions &   
re/rict ! issuance ( visas to p work+ = 
,kreml9-support$ m$ia in/itutions4      
7#cj7 ,9 a ,septemb] #bjbd report1 !    
,f\ndation = ! ,def5se ( ,democracies   
id5tifi$ #ai websites t ,iran has us$ to
 spread dis9=mation ?r\gh :at appe> to  
be ,am]ican & =eign news outlets4  7#ca7
 ,9 ,augu/ #bjbd1 ! ,,fbi & ,unit$      
,/ates intellig5ce ag5cies /at$ !       
,iranian gov]nm5t 0 beh9d a hack & leak 
op]ation t>get+ ,donald ,trump's        
presid5tial campaign & also attempt$ to 
t>get ! ,bid5-,h>ris campaign4  7#cb7 ,!
 dictators runn+ ^! c\ntries ( conc]n   
w\ld nev] /& = free1 fair1 & op5        
elections !mselves because !y fe> _! own

 p & prioritize _! p[] ov] !m above all 
else4  #c4 ,requir+ ! ,presid5t to      
notify ,congress & take c]ta9 actions 9 
response to any attempt by a c\ntry (   
conc]n to affect ,unit$ ,/ates elections
  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,presid5t det]m9es 
t ! gov]nm5t1 or an individual act+ on  
behalf ( ! gov]nm5t1 ( a c\ntry ( conc]n
 is attempt+ to affect ! outcome ( any  
,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local election ?r\gh !
 dissem9ation ( dis9=mation1 ! ,presid5t
 %all-- 7#a7 n lat] ?an #cj days aft]   
mak+ su* det]m9ation1 notify !          
appropriate committees ( ,congress (--  
7,a7 su* attempt2 &  7,b7 any actions ! 
,presid5t int5ds to take "u p>agraph    
7#b71 includ+ any waiv] ( ! disclosure (
 in=mation describ$ 9 su* p>agraph "u   
subsection 7b72 &  7#b7 subject to      
subsections 7b7 & 7c71 take action1     
includ+ ?r\gh int]national m$ia & m$ia  
available 9 ! c\ntry ( conc]n 9 "q1 or  
?r\gh any o!r means available to !      
,unit$ ,/ates1 to reveal any in=mation !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t has 9 its      

possession relat+ to any unexpla9$      
weal?1 corruption1 or malfeasance ( any 
s5ior (ficial ( ! gov]nm5t 9 "q1 _!     
family memb]s1 or ! political p>ty or   
p>ties :i* gov]n x1 to z _m ( ! citiz5s 
z possible 9 su* c\ntry ( conc]n4  7b7  
,waiv] ( disclosure ,! ,presid5t may    
waive ! disclosure ( in=mation "u       
subsection 7a77#b7 if ! ,presid5t       
det]m9es t ! disclosure ( su* in=mation 
w\ld be detrim5tal to ! national int]e/4
 ,9 ! case :]e ! ,presid5t waives su*   
disclosure1 ! ,presid5t %all submit to !
 appropriate committees ( ,congress an  
explanation ( :y ! disclosure ( su*     
in=mation w\ld be detrim5tal to !       
national int]e/4  7c7 ,treatm5t (       
classifi$ in=mation ,! release or       
disclosure ( classifi$ in=mation "u     
subsection 7a77#b7 %all be subject to ! 
/&>ds & proc$ures e/abli%$ "u ,executive
 ,ord] #acebf 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #cafa note2
 relat+ to classifi$ national security  
in=mation74  7d7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is     
section3 7#a7 ,appropriate committees ( 

congress ,! t]m appropriate committees (
 ,congress means-- 7,a7 ! ,committee on 
,=eign ,relations ( ! ,s5ate2  7,b7 !   
,select ,committee on ,intellig5ce ( !  
,s5ate2  7,c7 ! ,committee on ,=eign    
,affairs ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives2 & 
7,d7 ! ,p]man5t ,select ,committee on   
,intellig5ce ( ! ,h\se (                
,repres5tatives4  7#b7 ,c\ntry ( conc]n 
,! t]m c\ntry ( conc]n has ! mean+ giv5 
to ! t]m cov]$ nation 9 section         
#dhgb7;d77#b7 ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code4  7#c7 ,dis9=mation ,! t]m       
dis9=mation means any false in=mation or
 depiction t is delib]ately meant to    
mislead4