,,ii #aahth ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #ecbg ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,november #ad1 #bjbd,mr4 ,coons 7for himself1 ,mr4 ,risch1 ,mrs4 ,shaheen1 and ,mr4 ,young7 introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations ,a ,,bill ,to advance and protect the internationally recognized human rights of all ,sudanese people1 to hold perpetrators of war crimes1 crimes against humanity1 and genocide in ,sudan accountable for their crimes1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents 7a7 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,sudan ,accountability ,act4 7b7 ,table of contents ,this table of contents for this ,act is as follows3 ,sec4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents4,sec4 #b4 ,definitions4,sec4 #c4 ,statement of policy4,sec4 #d4 ,report on gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in ,sudan and the ,united ,states response4,sec4 #e4 ,determination of genocide1 war crimes1 or crimes against humanity4,sec4 #f4 ,strategy to support civilian protection and accountability in ,sudan4,sec4 #g4 ,support and technical assistance authorized4 #b4 ,definitions ,in this ,act 7#a7 ,appropriate congressional committees ,the term appropriate congressional committees means the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives4 7#b7 ,genocide ,the term genocide means an offense described in section #ajia7;a7 of title #ah1 ,united ,states ,code4 7#c7 ,war crime ,the term war crime-- 7,a7 has the meaning given such term in section #bdda7;c7 of title #ah1 ,united ,states ,code2 and 7,b7 includes sexual and gender-based violence4 #c4 ,statement of policy ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states-- 7#a7 to advance and protect the internationally recognized human rights of all ,sudanese people1 including protections against sexual and gender-based violence1 regardless of ethnicity1 religion1 gender1 or geographic area of origin2 7#b7 to hold perpetrators of war crimes1 crimes against humanity1 and genocide in ,sudan accountable for their crimes2 7#c7 to lead efforts to provide urgent humanitarian assistance to alleviate the suffering of the ,sudanese people1 including those living in refugee camps outside of ,sudan2 7#d7 to ensure the inclusion of ,sudanese women in peace negotiations1 atrocity prevention1 and conflict resolution efforts2 7#e7 to utilize diplomatic1 developmental1 and legal tools to help stabilize ,sudan and to end the terrible violence in the country2 7#f7 to promote an inclusive1 civilian-led political process for a peaceful1 democratic1 and unified ,sudan2 and 7#g7 to counter malign foreign influence and disinformation that exacerbate the conflict in ,sudan4 #d4 ,report on gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in ,sudan and the ,united ,states response 7a7 ,in general ,not later than #ij days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 and semiannually thereafter until the date referred to in subsection 7e71 the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the heads of relevant ,federal departments and agencies1 shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive report regarding the conduct of1 support for1 and perpetrators of gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in ,sudan since ,april #ae1 #bjbc4 7b7 ,elements ,the report required under subsection 7a7 shall include-- 7#a7 a description of any atrocities and other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed by the ,sudanese ,armed ,forces1 the ,rapid ,support ,forces1 associated armed actors1 other entities of the ,government of ,sudan1 and other individuals1 including-- 7,a7 recruitment of children by armed groups or forces2 7,b7 use of starvation and sexual and gender-based violence as weapons of war1 including systematic rape and other forms of sexual violence2 7,c7 denial of humanitarian access1 including the obstruction of humanitarian assistance or the targeting of aid workers2 and 7,d7 looting1 occupation1 or destruction of civilian infrastructure1 including health facilities and schools1 in violation of international humanitarian law2 7#b7 a description of the weapons employed in the commission of crimes described in paragraph 7#a71 to the extent possible2 7#c7 an analysis1 conducted in consultation with the ,director of ,national ,intelligence1 of the involvement of foreign governments 7including the ,governments of ,china1 ,egypt1 ,iran1 ,russia1 ,united ,arab ,emirates1 and ,saudi ,arabia7 and non-state foreign entities 7such as the ,wagner ,group7 in supporting1 facilitating1 or contributing to the conflict and atrocities in ,sudan1 including information regarding-- 7,a7 engagement in1 or support for1 drone and aircraft strikes2 7,b7 the estimated amount of arms and materiel transferred to the conflict parties or to foreign military contractors2 7,c7 significant financial support provided to the conflict parties or non-state foreign entities operating in ,sudan2 7,d7 the presence of foreign forces or groups in ,sudan2 7,e7 the source1 frequency1 and scope of violations of the ,united ,nations arms embargo2 and 7,f7 diplomatic efforts by the ,united ,states regarding such foreign support2 7#d7 a detailed list1 developed in consultation with the ,secretary of the ,treasury1 of actions taken and potential future actions that may be taken to hold individuals1 entities1 or foreign governments accountable for their support of violations described in subsection 7a72 7#e7 a description1 developed in consultation with the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 of current or planned ,united ,states foreign assistance programs aimed at supporting accountability1 including efforts-- 7,a7 to train investigators inside and outside of ,sudan to document1 investigate1 and identify alleged perpetrators1 while ensuring the anonymity of respondents and sources2 and 7,b7 to provide independent1 expert reporting regarding conflict activity and analysis1 including remote monitoring capabilities1 of atrocities and other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in ,sudan2 and 7#f7 an assessment1 informed in consultation with relevant ,federal departments and agencies1 of the effectiveness1 reach1 and limitations of the tools and programs referred to in paragraphs 7#d7 and 7#e7 since ,april #ae1 #bjbc4 7c7 ,form ,the report required under subsection 7a7 shall be submitted by the ,secretary of ,state in unclassified form1 and may include a classified annex4 7d7 ,briefing ,not later than #ae days after submitting each report required under subsection 7a71 the ,secretary of ,state1 or the ,secretary's designee1 shall brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the contents of such report4 7e7 ,termination ,the reporting and briefing requirements under this section shall terminate on the date on which the ,secretary of ,state submits to the appropriate congressional committees a determination that the parties to the conflict in ,sudan have reached a viable peace agreement4 #e4 ,determination of genocide1 war crimes1 or crimes against humanity 7a7 ,in general ,not later than #cj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 and every #ahj days thereafter until the date referred to in subsection 7d71 the ,secretary of ,state1 in consultation with the heads of the relevant ,federal departments and agencies1 shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated determination on whether actions by the ,sudanese ,armed ,forces1 the ,rapid ,support ,forces1 and associated military forces1 or associated armed actors constitute genocide1 war crimes1 or crimes against humanity in ,sudan4 7b7 ,form ,the determination required under subsection 7a7 shall be submitted in an unclassified form and published on the ,department of ,state's public website1 but may include a classified annex4 7c7 ,briefing ,not later than #ae days after submitting each report pursuant to subsection 7a71 the ,secretary of ,state1 or the ,secretary's designee1 shall brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the contents of such report4 7d7 ,termination ,the reporting and briefing requirements under this section shall terminate on the date on which the ,secretary of ,state submits to the appropriate congressional committees a determination that the parties to the conflict in ,sudan have reached a viable peace agreement4 #f4 ,strategy to support civilian protection and accountability in ,sudan 7a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of the ,treasury1 the ,secretary of ,defense1 the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 and the heads of other relevant ,federal departments and agencies1 shall develop a comprehensive strategy to protect civilians in ,sudan1 utilizing all available ,united ,states sanctions and accountability tools1 and enhancing diplomatic1 financial1 and legal measures to hold perpetrators of atrocities and other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights accountable4 7b7 ,elements ,the strategy required under subsection 7a7 shall include a description of the ,secretary's plans-- 7#a7 to coordinate with the ,united ,nations1 the ,african ,union1 the ,european ,union1 and other international partners to protect civilians in ,sudan and to hold accountable perpetrators of atrocities and other gross violations of their internationally recognized human rights2 7#b7 to ensure unrestricted humanitarian access to vulnerable populations and implement protection measures1 including enforcing the ,united ,nations ,security ,council ,resolutions #aeef and #aeia1 relating to an arms embargo in ,darfur1 advocating for its expansion across ,sudan1 and preventing human trafficking1 sexual and gender-based violence1 and the recruitment of child soldiers2 7#c7 to utilize targeted sanctions under the ,global ,magnitsky ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaja et seq471 the ,international ,emergency ,economic ,powers ,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agja et seq471 and ,executive ,order #adjih 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agja note2 relating to imposing sanctions on certain persons destabilizing ,sudan and undermining the goal of a democratic transition71 and visa restrictions under section #bab7;a77#c77;,c7 of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aahb7;a77#c77;,c77 and section #gjca7;c7 of the ,department of ,state1 ,foreign ,operations1 and ,related ,programs ,appropriations ,act1 #bjbd 7division ,f of ,public ,law #aah-dg2 #h ,u4,s4,c4 #aahb note7 as a comprehensive approach to holding accountable those responsible for atrocities and other severe internationally recognized human rights violations in ,sudan2 7#d7 to establish and support community-based protection measures1 including early warning systems using satellite imagery1 local intelligence1 and open-source data1 and train local peace committees and protection groups to mediate disputes and strengthen resilience against violence2 7#e7 to implement specific measures to protect women and girls from sexual and gender-based violence2 7#f7 to evaluate the feasibility of and mobilize support for an internationally led civilian protection force to support stabilization and deter attacks on civilians and humanitarian workers2 7#g7 to conduct public diplomacy campaigns to raise awareness of sanctions and accountability measures1 counter disinformation1 and support independent media and civil society in documenting atrocities and disseminating accurate information about the conflict in ,sudan2 and 7#h7 to assist international judicial mechanisms to prosecute individuals responsible for war crimes1 crimes against humanity1 and genocide in ,sudan4 7c7 ,consultation requirement ,the ,secretary of ,state shall consult with relevant ,federal departments and agencies and stakeholders1 including human rights organizations1 ,sudanese civil society representatives1 and international partners1 in developing and implementing the strategy required under this section4 7d7 ,report ,not later than #cj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in consultation with other relevant ,federal departments and agencies1 shall submit the report required under subsection 7a7 in an unclassified form1 which shall include the information described in subsection 7b7 and may include a classified annex4 7e7 ,implementation monitoring ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of the ,treasury1 the ,administrator of the ,united ,state ,agency for ,international ,development1 and the heads of other relevant ,federal departments and agencies1 shall submit a monitoring report on the implementation of the strategy required under subsection 7a7 and the plans required under subsection 7b71 which shall describe-- 7#a7 diplomatic efforts and international coordination to protect civilians and hold perpetrators of atrocities and other gross violations on internationally recognized human rights accountable1 with a clear delineation of the ,united ,states role and responsibilities in such efforts2 7#b7 foreign assistance provided1 including types1 amounts1 and beneficiary reach2 7#c7 any sanctions imposed under relevant authorities and the impact of such sanctions on targeted individuals and entities2 7#d7 the frequency and severity of atrocities and other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights violations reported and ,united ,states responses to such violations2 7#e7 the effectiveness of mechanisms in preventing and mitigating violence1 including sexual and gender-based violence and violence against children2 7#f7 the number of local civilian protection measures established and their impact on conflict dynamics1 including support to advance warning initiatives and local peace committees2 7#g7 the progress made towards the feasibility and resource mobilization for an internationally led protection force2 7#h7 outcomes of public diplomacy initiatives to raise awareness1 counter information manipulation1 and support independent media and civil society2 7#i7 assistance provided to international mechanisms to investigate and prosecute perpetrators of atrocities in ,sudan2 and 7#aj7 efforts towards greater protection of the ,sudanese people and accountability for perpetrators of violence against them1 including recommendations for future actions4 7f7 ,briefing ,not later than #ae days after submitting each of the reports required under subsections 7d7 and 7e71 the ,secretary of ,state1 or the ,secretary's designee1 shall brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the contents of such report1 including-- 7#a7 the status of the implementation of the strategy2 and 7#b7 any changes or updates based on evolving conditions in ,sudan4 #g4 ,support and technical assistance authorized 7a7 ,in general ,subject to relevant provisions of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea et seq471 the ,president1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,state and the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 is authorized to provide assistance1 including technical assistance1 to promote accountability1 support victims of atrocities1 and facilitate conflict resolution in ,sudan1 including-- 7#a7 medical1 legal1 and psychosocial assistance to victims of atrocities and displaced persons1 with a specific focus on women1 children1 and other vulnerable groups2 7#b7 capacity-building support to local organizations1 including resistance committees and emergency response rooms1 to implement civilian protection1 monitoring1 and public education programs to prevent atrocities2 7#c7 financial1 technical1 and diplomatic assistance to the ,african ,union and other regional entities to resolve conflicts and empower civil society1 especially marginalized communities1 in peacebuilding and reconciliation2 and 7#d7 support mechanisms for accountability1 dialogue1 and transitional justice1 including evidence preservation and strengthening legal and investigative capacities4 7b7 ,implementation ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in consultation with the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 shall coordinate with international organizations1 nongovernmental organizations1 and local civil society groups in ,sudan and neighboring countries to implement the programs authorized under subsection 7a74 7c7 ,notification ,no funds appropriated for assistance authorized under subsection 7a7 may be obligated or expended without prior notification to the appropriate congressional committees4