,,ii  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #adii  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,may #i1 #bjbc,mr4     
,m>key 7= himself & ,mr4 ,m]kley7       
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read     
twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign
 ,relations  ,a ,,bill  ,to r$uce &     
elim9ate ?reats pos$ by nucle> weapons  
to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & = o!r purposes4   
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,ha/5+ ,arms ,limitations ,talks ,act 
( #bjbc or ! ,,halt ,act ( #bjbc4  #b4  
,f9d+s ,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3  
7#a7 ,! use ( nucle> weapons poses an   
exi/5tial ?reat to humanity1 a fact t l$
 ,presid5t ,ronald ,reagan & ,soviet    
,premi] ,mikhail ,gorba*ev to decl>e 9 a
 jo9t /atem5t 9 #aihg t a nucle> w> _c  
be won & mu/ nev] be f\ght1 a s5tim5t   
affirm$ by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1     
,france1 ! ,russian ,f$]ation1 ! ,unit$ 
,k+dom1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ,janu>y     
#bjbb4  7#b7 ,on ,june #ab1 #aihb1 an   
e/imat$ #a1jjj1jjj p att5d$ ! l>ge/     
peace rally 9 ,unit$ ,/ates hi/ory1 9   

support ( a movem5t to freeze & rev]se !
 nucle> arms race1 a movem5t t help$ to 
create ! political w necess>y = !       
negotiation ( sev]al bilat]al arms      
control treaties betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
& =m] ,soviet ,union1 & !n ! ,russian   
,f$]ation4 ,^? treaties contribut$ to   
/rategic /ability ?r\gh mutual &        
v]ifiable reciprocal nucle> weapons     
r$uctions4  7#c7 ,s9ce ! adv5t ( nucle> 
weapons 9 #aide1 millions ( p ar\nd ! _w
 h /ood up to dem& mean+ful1 imm$iate   
int]national action to halt1 r$uce1 &   
elim9ate ! ?reats pos$ by nucle>        
weapons1 nucle> weapons te/+1 & nucle>  
w>1 to humank9d & ! planet4  7#d7 ,9    
#aigj1 ! ,treaty on ! ,non-,prolif]ation
 ( ,nucle> ,weapons done at ,wa%+ton1   
,london1 & ,mosc[ ,july #a1 #aifh 7#ba  
,,u/ #dhc7 7commonly ref]r$ to z !      
,nucle> ,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty or ! 
,,npt71 ent]$ into =ce1 :i* includes a  
b9d+ obligation on ! #e nucle>-weapon   
/ates 7commonly ref]r$ to z ! ,p#e71    
among o!r ?+s1 to pursue negotiations 9 

good fai? on effective measures relat+  
to ! cessation ( ! nucle> arms race ''' 
& to nucle> dis>mam5t4  7#e7 ,bip>tisan 
,unit$ ,/ates global lead]%ip has curb$ 
! gr[? 9 ! numb] ( c\ntries possess+    
nucle> weapons & has sl[$ ov]all v]tical
 prolif]ation among c\ntries already    
possess+ nucle> weapons1 z is highlight$
 by a m ?an #ij p]c5t r$uction 9 !      
,unit$ ,/ates nucle> weapons /ockpile f 
its ,cold ,w> height ( #ca1bee 9 #aifg4 
7#f7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates te/+ ( nucle>     
weapons is no long] necess>y z a result 
( ! foll[+ major te*nical developm5ts   
s9ce ! ,s5ate's consid]ation ( !        
,compreh5sive ,nucle>-,te/-,ban ,treaty 
7commonly ref]r$ to z ! ,,ctbt7 9 #aiii3
 7,a7 ,! v]ification ar*itecture ( !    
,compreh5sive ,nucle> ,te/-,ban-,treaty 
,organization 7commonly ref]r$ to z !   
,,ctbto7-- 7i7 has made significant     
advancem5ts1 z se5 ?r\gh its network (  
#cjj ,int]national ,monitor+ ,/ations & 
its ,int]national ,data ,c5tre1 :i*     
toge!r provide = ! ne> in/antane\s      

detection ( nucle> explosives te/s1     
includ+ all #f su* te/s conduct$ by     
,nor? ,korea betwe5 #bjjf & #bjag2 &    
7ii7 is op]ational #bd h\rs a day1 #g   
days a week4  7,b7 ,s9ce ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 sign$ ! ,,ctbt1 confid5ce has gr[n 9 ! 
sci5ce-bas$ ,/ockpile ,/ew>d%ip &       
,managem5t ,plan ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,en]gy1
 :i* =ms ! basis ( annual c]tifications 
to ! ,presid5t reg>d+ ! cont9ual safety1
 security1 & effectiv5ess ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates nucle> det]r5t 9 ! abs5ce (      
nucle> te/+1 lead+ =m] ,secret>y (      
,en]gy ,erne/ ,moniz to rem>k 9 #bjae t 
lab directors today n[ /ate t !y c]ta9ly
 und]/& mu* m ab\t h[ nucle> weapons "w 
?an dur+ ! p]iod ( nucle> te/+4  7#g7   
,despite ! progress made to r$uce !     
numb] & role (1 & risks pos$ by1 nucle> 
weapons1 & to halt ! ,cold ,w>-era      
nucle> arms race1 t5sions betwe5        
c\ntries t possess nucle> weapons are on
 ! rise1 key nucle> risk r$uction       
treaties are "u ?reat1 significant      
/ockpiles ( weapons-usable fissile      

mat]ial rema91 & a qualitative global   
nucle> arms race is n[ und]way ) ea* ( !
 c\ntries t possess nucle> weapons sp5d+
 t5s ( billions ( doll>s ea* ye> to     
ma9ta9 & improve _! ars5als4  7#h7 ,!   
,russian ,f$]ation is pursu+ !          
developm5t ( de/abiliz+ types ( nucle>  
weapons t are n pres5tly cov]$ "u any   
exi/+ arms control treaty or agreem5t & 
! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1 ,india1        
,paki/an1 & ! ,democratic ,p's ,republic
 ( ,korea h ea* tak5 conc]n+ /eps to    
div]sify _! m mode/ siz$1 b none!less v 
deadly1 nucle> ars5als4  7#i7 ,presid5t 
,joseph ,r4 ,bid5's #bjbb ,nucle>       
,po/ure ,review 0 "r to label !         
nucle>-arm$ sea-laun*$ cruise missile z 
no long] necess>y1 z t missile1 if      
deploy$1 w\ld h ! effect ( l[]+ !       
?re%old = nucle> weapons use4  7#aj7 ,on
 ,febru>y #c1 #bjba1 ,presid5t ,joseph  
,r4 ,bid5 pres]v$ b9d+ & v]ifiable      
limits on ! deploy$ & non-deploy$       
/rategic =ces ( ! l>ge/ two nucle>      
weapons p[]s ?r\gh ! five-ye> ext5sion (

 ! ,treaty betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates (     
,am]ica & ! ,russian ,f$]ation on       
,measures = ! ,fur!r ,r$uction &        
,limitation ( ,/rategic ,(f5sive ,arms1 
sign$ ,april #h1 #bjaj1 & ent]$ into =ce
 ,febru>y #e1 #bjaa 7commonly ref]r$ to 
z ! ,new ,,/>t ,treaty74  7#aa7 ,9      
#bjac1 ! report on a nucle> weapons     
employm5t /rategy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
submitt$ "u section #dib ( title #aj1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 det]m9$ t x is     
possible to ensure ! security ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates & allies & p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates & ma9ta9 a /rong & cr$ible       
/rategic det]r5t :ile safely pursu+ up  
to a #a_/c r$uction 9 deploy$ nucle>    
weapons f ! level e/abli%$ 9 ! ,new     
,,/>t ,treaty4  7#ab7 ,on ,janu>y #ab1  
#bjag1 !n-,vice ,presid5t ,bid5 /at$1   
,giv5 our non-nucle> capabilities & !   
nature ( today's ?reats--x's h>d to     
envision a plausible sc5>io 9 :i* ! fir/
 use ( nucle> weapons by ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 w\ld be necess>y4 ,or make s5se44      
7#ac7 ,9 light ( moves by ! ,unit$      

,/ates & o!r c\ntries to increase _!    
reliance on nucle> weapons1 a global    
nucle> freeze w\ld seek to halt ! new   
nucle> arms race by seek+ conclusion ( a
 compreh5sive & v]ifiable freeze on !   
te/+1 deploym5t1 & production ( nucle>  
weapons & deliv]y vehicles = su*        
weapons4  7#ad7 ,! reckless & repeat$   
nucle> ?reats by ,russian ,presid5t     
,vladimir ,put9 s9ce ! ,febru>y #bjbb   
invasion ( ,ukra9e by ! ,russian        
,f$]ation und]score ! ne$ = a global    
nucle> freeze4  #c4 ,/atem5t ( policy ,!
 foll[+ is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates3  
7#a7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld build ^u its 
decades long1 bip>tisan ef=ts to r$uce !
 numb] & sali5ce ( nucle> weapons by    
lead+ int]national negotiations on      
specific arms-r$uction measures z "p ( a
 #ba/ c5tury global nucle> freeze       
movem5t4  7#b7 ,build+ on ! #bjba       
ext5sion ( ! ,new ,,/>t ,treaty1 !      
,unit$ ,/ates %\ld engage ) all o!r     
c\ntries t possess nucle> weapons to    
seek to negotiate & conclude future     

multilat]al arms control1 dis>mam5t1 &  
risk r$uction agreem5ts1 :i* %\ld conta9
 "s or all ( ! foll[+ provisions3 7,a7  
,an agreem5t by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & !     
,russian ,f$]ation on a resumption (    
on-site inspections & v]ification       
measures p] ! ,new ,,/>t ,treaty & a    
foll[-on treaty or agreem5t to ! ,new   
,,/>t ,treaty t may l[] ! c5tral limits 
( ! ,treaty & cov] new k9ds ( /rategic  
deliv]y vehicles or non-/rategic nucle> 
weapons4  7,b7 ,an agreem5t on a        
v]ifiable freeze on ! te/+1 production1 
& fur!r deploym5t ( all nucle> weapons &
 deliv]y vehicles = su* weapons4  7,c7  
,an agreem5t t e/abli%es a v]ifiable    
num]ical ceil+ on ! deploy$ %ort]-range 
& int]m$iate-range & /rategic deliv]y   
sy/ems 7z def9$ by ! ,treaty ,betwe5 !  
,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica & ! ,union (    
,soviet ,sociali/ ,republics on !       
,elim9ation ( ,_! ,int]m$iate- ,range & 
,%ort]-,range ,missiles sign$ at        
,wa%+ton ,decemb] #h1 #aihg1 & ent]$    
into =ce ,june #a1 #aihh 7commonly      

ref]r$ to z ! ,int]m$iate-,range ,nucle>
 ,=ces ,treaty71 & ! ,new ,,/>t ,treaty1
 respectively7 & ! nucle> w>heads       
associat$ ) su* sy/ems belong+ to !     
,p#e1 & to ! ext5t possible1 all        
c\ntries t possess nucle> weapons1 at   
,augu/ #b1 #bjai1 levels4  7,d7 ,an     
agreem5t by ea* c\ntry to adopt a policy
 ( no fir/ use ( nucle> weapons or      
provide transp>5cy into its nucle>      
decl>atory policy4  7,e7 ,an agreem5t on
 a proactive ,unit$ ,nations ,security  
,c\ncil resolution t exp&s access by !  
,int]national ,atomic ,en]gy ,ag5cy to  
any c\ntry f\nd by ! ,bo>d ( ,gov]nors (
 t ,ag5cy to be noncompliant ) its      
obligations "u ! ,,npt4  7,f7 ,an       
agreem5t to refra9 f configur+ nucle>   
=ces 9 a laun* on w>n+ or laun* "u w>n+ 
nucle> po/ure1 :i* may prompt a nucle>  
arm$ c\ntry to laun* a balli/ic missile 
attack 9 response to detection by an    
e>ly-w>n+ satellite or s5sor ( a        
suspect$ incom+ balli/ic missile4  7,g7 
,an agreem5t n to t>get or int]f]e 9 !  

nucle> comm&1 control1 & communications 
7commonly ref]r$ to z ,,nc#c7           
infra/ructure ( ano!r c\ntry ?r\gh a    
k9etic attack or a cyb]attack4  7,h7 ,an
 agreem5t on transp>5cy measures or     
v]ifiable limits1 or bo?1 on hyp]sonic  
cruise missiles & glide vehicles t are  
fir$ f sea-bas$1 gr\nd1 & air plat=ms4  
7,i7 ,an agreem5t to provide a basel9e &
 cont9u\s ex*anges detail+ ! aggregate  
numb] ( active nucle> weapons &         
associat$ sy/ems possess$ by ea* c\ntry4
  7#c7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld rejuv5ate  
ef=ts 9 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,conf]5ce on  
,dis>mam5t t[>d ! negotiation ( a       
v]ifiable ,fissile ,mat]ial ,treaty or  
,fissile ,mat]ial ,cut(f ,treaty1 or    
move negotiations to ano!r int]national 
body or =a1 su* z a meet+ ( ! ,p#e4     
,successful conclusion ( su* a treaty   
w\ld v]ifiably prev5t any c\ntry's      
production ( highly enri*$ uranium &    
plutonium = use 9 nucle> weapons4  7#d7 
,! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld conv5e a s]ies (  
head-(-/ate level summits on nucle>     

dis>mam5t model$ on ! ,nucle> ,security 
,summits process1 :i* saw ! elim9ation (
 ! equival5t ( #c1jjj nucle> weapons4   
7#e7 ,! ,presid5t %\ld seek ratification
 by ! ,s5ate ( ! ,,ctbt & mobilize all  
c\ntries cov]$ by ,annex #b ( ! ,,ctbt  
to pursue simil> action to ha/5 entry   
into =ce ( ! ,,ctbt4 ,! entry into =ce (
 ! ,,ctbt1 = :i* ratification by !      
,unit$ ,/ates w provide critical        
mom5tum1 w activate ! ,,ctbt's onsite   
inspection provision to inve/igate      
allegations t any c\ntry t is a p>ty to 
! ,,ctbt has conduct$ a nucle> te/ ( any
 yield4  7#f7 ,! ,presid5t %\ld make !  
accession ( ,nor? ,korea to ! ,,ctbt a  
compon5t ( any f9al agreem5t 9 fulfill+ 
! pl$ges ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,nor? ,korea made
 9 ,s+apore1 z ,nor? ,korea is report$ly
 ! only c\ntry to h conduct$ a nucle>   
explosive te/ s9ce #aiih4  7#g7 ,!      
,unit$ ,/ates %\ld-- 7,a7 refra9 f      
develop+ any new designs = nucle>       
w>heads or bombs1 b especially designs t
 c\ld add a level ( te*nical unc]ta9ty  

into ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ockpile & ?us r5ew
 calls to resume nucle> explosive te/+ 9
 ord] to te/ t new design2 &  7,b7 seek 
reciprocal commitm5ts f o!r c\ntries t  
possess nucle> weapons4  #d4            
,prohibition on use ( funds = nucle> te/
 explosions  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,none ( !     
funds au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ or     
o!rwise made available = fiscal ye>     
#bjbd or any fiscal ye> !reaft]1 or     
au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ or o!rwise   
made available = any fiscal ye> be=e    
fiscal ye> #bjbd & available =          
obligation z ( ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act1 may be obligat$ or exp5d$ to     
conduct or make prep>ations = any       
explosive nucle> weapons te/ t produces 
any yield until su* "t z-- 7#a7 !       
,presid5t submits to ,congress an       
add5dum to ! report requir$ by section  
#dbje ( ! ,atomic ,en]gy ,def5se ,act   
7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #bebe7 t details any     
*ange to ! condition ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
nucle> weapons /ockpile f ! report      
submitt$ "u t section 9 ! prec$+ ye>2 & 

7#b7 !re is enact$ into law a jo9t      
resolution ( ,congress t approves ! te/4
  7b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,subsection   
7a7 does n limit nucle> /ockpile        
/ew>d%ip activities t are consi/5t ) !  
z]o-yield /&>d & o!r requirem5ts "u law4