,,iv #aah? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,,res4 #icf ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,decemb] #ad1 #bjbc,ms4 ,*u 7= h]self1 ,ms4 ,m5g1 ,mr4 ,mull91 ,mr4 ,mc,govern1 ,ms4 ,tokuda1 ,ms4 ,williams ( ,georgia1 ,mr4 ,v>gas1 ,mr4 ,takano1 ,ms4 ,matsui1 ,ms4 ,del,bene1 ,mr4 ,sablan1 ,mr4 ,kri%namoor?i1 ,mr4 ,?an$>1 ,mr4 ,gomez1 ,mr4 ,case1 ,mr4 ,gre5 ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,kim ( ,new ,j]sey1 ,ms4 ,lee ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,goldman ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,scott ( ,virg9ia1 ,mr4 ,grijalva1 ,ms4 ,sn*ez1 ,mr4 ,lieu1 ,ms4 ,jayapal1 ,mr4 ,connolly1 & ,mr4 ,b]a7 submitt$ ! foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ,,resolution ,commemorat+ ! #hj? anniv]s>y ( ! repeal ( ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb4 ,:]eas _m ,*9ese p came to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! #ai? & #bj? c5turies1 z did p f o!r c\ntries1 9 se>* ( ! opportunity to create a bett] life2 ,:]eas ! contributions ( ,*9ese ,am]icans 9 agriculture1 m9+1 manufactur+1 transportation1 cann+1 & o!r indu/ries 7 critical to %ap+ ! hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & /r5g!n+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! pres5t2 ,:]eas ,*9ese p fac$ racial o/racism & viol5t assaults 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! middle ( ! #ai? c5tury ?r\gh ! e>ly #bj? c5tury1 & ,*9ese p cont9ue to exp]i5ce anti-,asian hate 9 ! pres5t2 ,:]eas1 on ,octob] #ai1 #ahfh1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ratifi$ ! ,burl+ame ,treaty1 :i* p]mitt$ ! free movem5t ( ,*9ese p to1 f1 & )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & made ,*9a a mo/ favor$ nation2 ,:]eas1 9 #ahgh1 ,congress introduc$ a jo9t resolution reque/+ t ,presid5t ,ru!r=d ,b4 ,hayes r5egotiate ! ,burl+ame ,treaty s ,congress c\ld limit ,*9ese immigration to ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas1 on ,febru>y #bb1 #ahgi1 ,congress pass$ ! ,fifte5 ,pass5g] ,bill1 :i* w\ld h only p]mitt$ #ae ,*9ese pass5g]s on bo>d any %ip travel+ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas1 on ,m>* #a1 #ahgi1 ,presid5t ,hayes veto$ ! ,fifte5 ,pass5g] ,bill z be+ incompatible ) ! ,burl+ame ,treaty2 ,:]eas1 on ,may #i1 #ahha1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ratifi$ ! ,angell ,treaty1 :i*-- 7#a7 all[$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates to susp5d1 b n to prohibit1 ! immigration ( ,*9ese labor]s2 7#b7 decl>$ t ,*9ese labor]s :o are n[ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all be all[$ to g & come ( _! own free w2 & 7#c7 reaffirm$ t ,*9ese p]sons possess$ all ! rights1 privileges1 immunities1 & exemptions :i* are accord$ to ! citiz5s & subjects ( ! mo/ favor$ nation2 ,:]eas ,congress pass$ legislation t adv]sely affect$ & limit$ ! civil rights ( ,*9ese p 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 includ+-- 7#a7 on ,m>* #bc1 #ahhb1 ! fir/ ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act1 :i* w\ld h exclud$ skill$ & unskill$ ,*9ese labor]s = #bj ye>s & expressly d5i$ ,*9ese p ! "r to be naturaliz$ z citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & :i* 0 veto$ by ,presid5t ,*e/] ,a4 ,ar?ur on ,april #d1 #ahhb1 z incompatible ) ! t]ms & ! _s ( ! ,angell ,treaty2 7#b7 on ,may #c1 #ahhb1 ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb 7#bb ,/at4 #eh1 *apt] #abf71 :i*-- 7,a7 prohibit$ ,*9ese work]s f ent]+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates = #aj ye>s in/ead ( #bj2 7,b7 requir$ c]ta9 ,*9ese labor]s already legally pres5t at t "t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o lat] wi%$ to re5t] ! ,unit$ ,/ates to obta9 c]tificates = return2 7,c7 prohibit$ c\rts f naturaliz+ ,*9ese individuals2 7,d7 0 sign$ into law by ,presid5t ,ar?ur on ,may #f1 #ahhb2 & 7,e7 0 ! fir/ ,f$]al law t exclud$ a s+le gr\p ( p 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates on ! basis ( race2 7#c7 on ,july #c1 #ahhd1 an expansion ( ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb 7#bc ,/at4 #aae1 *apt] #bbj71 :i*-- 7,a7 appli$ ! ,act to all p ( ,*9ese desc5t1 :e!r subjects ( ,*9a or any o!r =eign p[]2 & 7,b7 0 sign$ into law by ,presid5t ,ar?ur on ,july #e1 #ahhd2 7#d7 on ,septemb] #ac1 #ahhh1 ! ,scott ,act 7#be ,/at4 #ejd1 *apt] #ajfd71 :i*-- 7,a7 prohibit$ legal ,*9ese labor]s f re5t]+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & cancell$ all previ\sly issu$ c]tificates = return2 7,b7 0 sign$ into law by ,presid5t ,grov] ,clevel& on ,octob] #a1 #ahhh2 & 7,c7 0 det]m9$ by ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ,*ae ,*an ,p+ v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #acj ,u4,s4 #eha 7#ahhi71 to h abrogat$ ! ,angell ,treaty2 & 7#e7 on ,may #d1 #ahib1 ! ,ge>y ,act 7#bg ,/at4 #be1 *apt] #fj71 :i*-- 7,a7 reau?oriz$ ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb = ano!r #aj ye>s2 7,b7 d5i$ ,*9ese immigrants ! "r to be releas$ on bail on application = a writ ( habeas corpus2 7,c7 au?oriz$ ! deportation ( ,*9ese p :o c\ld n produce a c]tificate ( resid5ce unless !y c\ld e/abli% resid5ce ?r\gh ! te/imony ( at lea/ "o cr$ible ,:ite witness1 contr>y to cu/om>y legal /&>ds reg>d+ ! presumption ( innoc5ce2 & 7,d7 0 sign$ into law by ,presid5t ,b5jam9 ,h>rison on ,may #e1 #ahib2 ,:]eas1 9 #ahid1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,*9a agre$ to ! ,gre%am-,yang ,treaty1 )9 :i* ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t cons5t$ to a prohibition ( ,*9ese immigration & ! en=cem5t ( ! ,ge>y ,act 9 ex*ange = readmission to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,*9ese p :o 7 resid5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas1 9 #ahih1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 annex$ ,hawaii2 7#b7 took control ( ! ,philipp9es2 & 7#c7 exclud$ only ! resid5ts ( ,*9ese ance/ry ( ,hawaii & ! ,philipp9es f ent]+ ! ma9l& ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas1 on ,april #bi1 #aijb1 z ! ,ge>y ,act 0 expir+1 ,congress indef9itely ext5d$ all laws regulat+ & re/rict+ ,*9ese immigration & resid5ce1 to ! ext5t consi/5t ) ,treaty commitm5ts2 ,:]eas1 on ,april #bg1 #aijd1 aft] ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t )drew f ! ,gre%am-,yang ,treaty1 ,congress p]man5tly ext5d$ )\t modification1 limitation1 or condition ! prohibition on ,*9ese naturalization & immigration 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas ^! ,f$]al /atutes en%r9$ 9 law ! exclusion ( ,*9ese p 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! democratic process & ! promise ( fre$om2 ,:]eas1 9 an attempt to und]m9e ! alliance betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,*9a dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 enemy =ces us$ ! ,*9ese exclusion legislation pass$ by ,congress z evid5ce ( anti-,*9ese attitudes 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas1 on ,novemb] #bf1 #aidc1 9 fur!rance ( ! w> objectives ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & at ! urg+ ( ,presid5t ,frankl9 ,d4 ,roosevelt1 ,congress pass$ ! ,magnuson ,act 7#eg ,/at4 #fjj1 *apt] #cdd71 :i*-- 7#a7 repeal$ previ\sly enact$ ,*9ese exclusion legislation2 7#b7 p]mitt$ ,*9ese p to become naturaliz$ citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & 7#c7 0 sign$ into law by ,presid5t ,roosevelt on ,decemb] #ag1 #aidc2 ,:]eas1 on ,octob] #f1 #bjaa1 ! ,s5ate unanim\sly agre$ to a resolution sponsor$ by ,s5ator ,scott ,br[n :i* =mally express$ regret = ! passage ( discrim9atory laws aga9/ ,*9ese ,am]icans1 includ+ ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb2 ,:]eas1 on ,june #ah1 #bjab1 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives unanim\sly agre$ to a resolution sponsor$ by ,repres5tative ,judy ,*u :i* =mally express$ regret = ! passage ( laws t adv]sely affect$ ,*9ese ,am]icans1 includ+ ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb2 ,:]eas ,*9ese ,am]icans cont9ue to play a significant role 9 ! success ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates mu/ cont9ue to reject anti-,asian hate & to build a c\ntry t does n p]petuate raci/ or x5ophobic rhetoric or policies t h long pr(il$ ,asian ,am]ican1 ,native ,hawaiian1 & ,pacific ,isl&] communities 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives-- 7#a7 commemorates ! #hj? anniv]s>y ( ! repeal ( ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb 7#bb ,/at4 #eh1 *apt] #abf72 7#b7 celebrates ,*9ese ,am]ican communities :o h enri*$ ! fabric ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7#c7 ackn[l$ges t hi/oric & curr5t frameworks ( anti-,*9ese legislation1 includ+ ! ,*9ese ,exclusion ,act ( #ahhb1 are incompatible ) ! basic f\nd+ pr9ciples recogniz$ 9 ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce & ) ! _s ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & 7#d7 reaffirms its commitm5t to pres]v+ ! same civil rights & con/itutional protections = p ( ,*9ese or o!r ,asian1 ,native ,hawaiian1 & ,pacific ,isl&] desc5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates accord$ to all o!r p 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 reg>dless ( race or e?nicity4