,,iv #aah? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,,res4 #fig ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,septemb] #ah1 #bjbc,ms4 ,%]rill 7= h]self1 ,mr4 ,gallagh]1 & ,mr4 ,kri%namoor?i7 submitt$ ! foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ,,resolution ,express+ ! s5se ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives relat+ to ! ,communi/ ,p>ty ( ,*9a's ,made ,9 ,*9a #bjbe ,plan & publicly-kn[n malign ,communi/ ,p>ty ( ,*9a's actions support+ ! goals ( its ,made 9 ,*9a #bjbe plan4 #a4 ,! ,communi/ ,p>ty ( ,*9a's ,made ,9 ,*9a #bjbe ,plan ,! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,9 #bjjf1 ! ,communi/ ,p>ty ( ,*9a 79 ?is resolution ref]r$ to z ,,ccp7 int5sifi$ its focus on sci5ce & te*nology innovation z a national goal "u ! ,m$ium- & ,long-,t]m ,plan = ,sci5ce & ,te*nology ,developm5t & its #ac? & #ad? ,five-,ye> ,plans4 7#b7 ,! ,made 9 ,*9a #bjbe plan 79 ?is resolution ref]r$ to z ,,mic#bjbe71 issu$ 9 #bjae1 "u ! #ac? ,five ,ye> ,plan is ! ,,ccp's #aj-ye> national sci5ce & te*nology indu/rial policy t seeks to vault ,*9a into global lead]%ip 9 ! rese>* & manufactur+ ( advanc$ sci5ce & te*nology tools1 applications1 & products1 :ile us+ a :ole-(-society approa*1 deep gov]nm5t int]v5tion1 & m>ket protections = ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 79 ?is resolution ref]r$ to z ,,prc7 bus9esses 9 ! select sectors4 7#c7 ,,mic#bjbe prioritizes rais+ high b>s to =eign m>ket access1 :ile increas+ ,,prc inve/m5ts 9 & gov]nm5t & bus9ess focus on proactively acquir+ te*nology & k abroad on ^! advanc$ sci5ce & te*nology areas3 7,a7 ,advanc$ in=mation te*nology & telecommunications s]vices4 7,b7 ,advanc$ ma*9+ & robotics4 7,c7 ,a]ospace eng9e]+ & equipm5t4 7,d7 ,m>itime infra/ructure1 equipm5t1 & next g5]ation vessels4 7,e7 ,advanc$ railway infra/ructure4 7,f7 ,r5ewable en]gy products1 batt]ies1 & electric vehicles4 7,g7 ,advanc$ mat]ials4 7,h7 ,innovative f>m+ equipm5t1 te*nology1 & agriculture4 7,i7 ,biote*nology1 ph>maceuticals1 & advanc$ m$ical equipm5t4 7,j7 ,next g5]ation electrical equipm5t4 7#d7 ,,mic#bjbe sector developm5t w fur!r integrate em]g+ te*nologies1 su* z advance semiconductors1 #c;,d pr9t+1 cl\d comput+1 big-data analytics1 quantum comput+1 artificial intellig5ce 7,,ai71 & new =ms ( en]gy4 7#e7 ,! ,,prc's lead] ,xi ,j9p+1 :o curr5tly holds ! role ( ,/ate ,*airman ( ! ,,prc1 ,g5]al ,secret>y ( ! ,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty1 & ,*airman ( ! ,c5tral ,milit>y ,commission1 /ates t ,,ccp plans to less5 ! ,,prc's reliance on =eign m>kets = goods & s]vices by #bjbe & a goal = at lea/ sev5ty-p]c5t self-suffici5cy 9 ,,mic#bjbe areas by us+ =eign te*nology acquisitions & jo9t v5tures to acquire1 dome/ically produce1 & !n sell ^! goods abroad4 7#f7 ,! ,,prc's /at$ goal 9 its ,,mic#bjbe policy is to advance production 9 ! ,,prc f products t are ,made 9 ,*9a to ^? t are ,creat$ 9 ,*9a1 us+ ! und]p9n+s ( ,,mic#bjbe to trans=m =eign innovations into a homegr[n indu/rial base to promote sci5tific1 te*nological1 & manufactur+ indep5d5ce4 7#g7 ,9 #bjba1 ! ,,ccp's ,c5tral ,committee publi%$ a resolution on its self-made a*ievem5ts ov] ! c\rse ( ! pa/ c5tury1 /at+ t ,,prc self-reliance 9 sci5ce & te*nology & its bol/]$ ''' creation1 protection1 & application ( intellectual prop]ty rights are key t5ets ( boo/+ ! ,,ccp's position1 :ile n includ+ ref]5ces to =eign trade or economic & comm]cial p>tn]%ips z a "p ( its advancem5t4 7#h7 ,9 ,novemb] #bjbb1 dur+ ! ,,ccp's ,p>ty ,congress1 ! ,,ccp not$ aga9 t sci5ce & te*nological innovation are core t5ets ( ! ,,prc's developm5t & accord+ to ! ,,prc's ,m9i/ry ( ,sci5ce & ,te*nology1 int]national collaborative sci5ce & te*nology ef=ts are ultimately focus$ on boo/+ ! ,,prc's security4 7#i7 ,importantly1 t along ) ! ,,mic#bjbe plan1 !re is a policy ( dual-circulation1 bo? policies :i* are ov]se5 by ,g5]al ,secret>y ,xi ,j9p+1 t seek to transf] into ! ,,prc ! globe's innovative te*nical ideas & products1 produce !m dome/ically = _! own l>ge population1 & !n sell !m abroad to obta9 gr[+ %>es ( =eign m>kets1 all ! :ile protect+ ^? dome/ic bus9esses f =eign competition4 7#aj7 ,to fur!r support dual-circulation & spe$ its ,,mic#bjbe developm5ts1 ! ,,prc uses (ficially sanction$ tools su* z unfair gov]nm5t subsidies1 /ate-sponsor$ tal5t acquisition programs1 lax labor & environm5tal regulations1 co]c$ =eign inve/m5ts & acquisitions1 direct /ate inve/m5ts & policy direction1 burd5some pap]work requirem5ts = =eign firms1 & =c$ transf]s ( intellectual prop]ty4 7#aa7 ,! ,,ccp broadly uses a national concept ( milit>y-civil fusion to adapt & adopt civilian te*nologies--ei!r dome/ically produc$ or tak5 f abroad--to boo/ its milit>y capabilities4 7#ab7 ,! ,,ccp has ov] ! pa/ few ye>s & especially 9 #bjbc1 broad5$ & deep5$ ! scope ( its c\nt]9tellig5ce & data security laws1 along ) ! use ( ^! laws aga9/ bus9esses f o!r c\ntries4 7#ac7 ,,mic#bjbe is rapidly com+ to a close1 & ! next /eps include a ,,ccp desire to dom9ate int]national /&>d sett+ by #bjce & be ! global lead] 9 te*nological innovation1 manufactur+1 indu/rial production1 & milit>y capabilities by #bjdi1 support$ by its #ad? ,five ,ye> ,plan & its ,national ,m$ium- to ,long-,t]m ,sci5ce & ,te*nology ,developm5t ,plan4 ,^! plans' int5tions focus on basic sci5ce1 dome/ication ( critical comm]cial areas & gett+ ! ,,prc to ! =efront ( ?is c5tury's critical te*nologies4 #b4 ,publicly-kn[n malign ,,ccp actions support+ its ,,mic#bjbe goals ,! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,9 ,m>* #bjbc1 ! ,,prc ,comm]ce ,m9i/] /at$ t #bjbc w\ld be a ye> ( ,inve/+ 9 ,*9a1 9 front ( global bus9ess executives1 /at+ ! ,,prc s\ght to boo/ inve/m5ts 9 its manufactur+ & high-te* sectors & t ! ,,prc w\ld r$uce re/rictions on =eign firms4 ,h[ev]1 ! gov]nm5t took imm$iate actions to ! contr>y4 7#b7 ,9 ,april #bjbc1 ! ,national ,p's ,congress pass$ an updat$ & newly exp&$ c\nt]espionage law /at+ t any1 attempts to illegally obta9 or %>e /ate secrets or o!r data1 mat]ials1 or items relat$ to national security or national int]e/s1 :i* are c>ri$ out by or = =eign elem5ts o!r ?an an espionage organization ''' is puni%able1 )\t def9+ national security1 national int]e/s1 or organizations ( conc]n1 :ile reit]at+ ! policy t all aspects ( society are to collect1 report1 & def5d aga9/ any transgressions aga9/ ! gov]nm5t4 7#c7 ,9 #bjbc1 ,,prc au?orities raid$ global consult+ firms ,ba9 ,company1 ,capvision1 & ,m9tz ,gr\p on ! gr\nds ( collect+ & assess+ ,,prc bus9ess data1 :i* h be5 a r\t9e "p ( ^! companies' bus9ess op]ations4 7#d7 ,g5]al ,secret>y ,xi ,j9p+ has ov]se5 an expansive gr[? 9 national security laws t are loosely def9$ & nebul\sly en=c$ ) no legal rec\rse & requir+ m&atory coop]ation4 ,^! laws include ! new ,c\nt]espionage ,law1 ! ,national ,security ,law1 ! ,=eign ,,ngo ,managem5t ,law1 ! ,national ,intellig5ce ,law1 ! ,hong ,kong ,national ,security ,law1 & ! ,data ,security ,law4 7#e7 ,9 #bjbc1 ,,prc regulators put on notice ,unit$ ,/ates semiconductor company ,micron ,te*nologies by emb>k+ on a surprise inve/igation )\t claim+ any vuln]abilities 9 ,micron's products & )\t concrete evid5ce t ,,prc regulators ne$$ to secure ! in=mation ( infra/ructure ( ,*9a's supply *a91 o/5sibly = national security reasons4 7#f7 ,9 #bjbc1 ! ,,prc's ,/ate ,adm9i/ration = ,m>ket ,regulation report$ly sl[$ & d5i$ its review process sl[$ its review process ( ,unit$ ,/ates global acquisitions & m]g]s1 :ile requir+ ,unit$ ,/ates firms make available all ( _! products 9 ! ,,prc t are available to o!r c\ntries 9 a likely ef=t to dull ,unit$ ,/ates export controls4 7#g7 ,9 #bjbb1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice indict$ ! ,,prc firm ,hyt]a ,communications ,corp = retro-eng9e]+ & /eal+ propriet>y ,motorola te*nology1 :i* ,hyt]a !n sold abroad4 7#h7 ,9 #bjba1 a ,,prc front company nam$ ,link,ocean falsifi$ its bus9ess in=mation to /eal & transf] to a ,,prc milit>y univ]sity on ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce's ,entity ,li/ ov] #ajj1jjj 9 special und]wat] m>9e te*nologies4 7#i7 ,9 #bjbj1 ! ,,prc s(tw>e te*nology firm ,baidu us$ fake ad-click+ s(tw>e to boo/ its ad rev5ues1 :ile /eal+ us] in=mation & transmitt+ x back to ! ,,prc4 7#aj7 ,s9ce #bjbj1 ! ,,ccp has n fulfill$ its obligations "u ! ,phase ,"o ,trade ,agreem5t betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,,prc & cont9ues to require ! transf] ( s5sitive ,unit$ ,/ates agricultural company k to ,,prc firms4 7#aa7 ,9 #bjai1 ,unit$ ,/ates firm ,akhan ,semiconductor's propriet>y glass 0 /ol5 by ,,prc telecommunications firm ,huawei1 :o attempt$ to retro-eng9e] x 9 violation ( ,unit$ ,/ates export control law4 7#ab7 ,9 #bjah1 ,unit$ ,/ates w9d en]gy firm ,,asmc1 aft] sign+ a sales deal ) ! ,,prc firm ,s9ovel ,w9d ,gr\p ,co41 ,ltd41 _h its propriet>y intellectual prop]ty /ol5 by ,s9ovel1 :o !n manufactur$ ,,asmc's products & sold ! products 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#ac7 ,9 #bjag1 ,,prc cyb] actors 7 caught widely illicitly collect+ private bus9ess in=mation on sectors across ! ,,mic#bjbe portfolio4 7#ad7 ,9 #bjaf1 a ,,prc se$ company illicitly acquir$ & int5d$ to smuggle propriet>y se$s f ,i[a to ! ,,prc1 :ile to ?is day ! ,,prc agricultural se$ m>ket rema9s block$ f =eign competition4 7#ae7 ,?r\gh\t ! #bjbjs1 ,,prc /ate-sanction$ cyb] actor ,,apt #da conduct$ op]ations 9 l9e ) ,,mic#bjbe1 /eal+ at lea/ hundr$s ( billions ( doll>s wor? ( intellectual prop]ty f mult9ational corporations1 mu* ( :i* 0 em]g+ te*nology or n yet inv5t$ products4 7#af7 ,accord+ to a ,c5t] = ,/rategic & ,int]national ,/udies analysis ( publicly kn[n ,,prc espionage cases1 :i* va/ly outnumb] any o!r =eign /ate1 almo/ half ( ! p]petrators 7 milit>y affiliates1 almo/ half us$ cyb] means to /eal data1 & ov] half s\ght to collect comm]cial in=mation4 7#ag7 ,! ,,prc's ,tax ,bureau previ\sly ord]$ ,unit$ ,/ates companies do+ bus9ess 9 ! ,,prc to use s(tw>e purposefully load$ ) malici\s malw>e4 7#ah7 ,,prc ,tal5t ,programs h be5 us$ to select c]ta9 well-plac$ individuals to t>get c]ta9 ,unit$ ,/ates rese>* sectors to compromise intellectual prop]ty1 t>ni%+ ! sanctity ( op5 & transp>5t norms ( int]national rese>*1 int]national academic collaboration1 & ,am]ica's vibrant & vital =eign /ud5t rese>*] population4 7#ai7 ,! ,*9a ,s*ol>%ip ,c\ncil1 :i* facilitates high p]=m+ ,,prc /ud5ts /udy+ abroad & =eign /ud5ts to /udy 9 ! ,,prc1 has be5 f\nd to require /ud5ts sign ,c\ncil contracts t require report+ on _! "w to ,,prc (ficials & limitations on /ud5ts' academic fre$om :ile abroad4 7#bj7 ,! ,,ccp all[s =c$ labor1 l[ environm5tal /&>ds1 m&at$ ov]production ( products1 & m9imal work] safegu>ds1 all ( :i* act z non-monet>y subsidies to *eap5 products f ! ,,prc4 7#ba7 ,s9ce ,g5]al ,secret>y ,xi ,j9p+ assum$ p[]1 he re-ass]t$ ! role ( /ate-own$ ent]prises 9 ! economy & increas$ ! pur*ases ( %>es 9 private ,,prc bus9esses4 7#bb7 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce1 because ( cont9u$ ,,prc gov]nm5t int]v5tion into important sectors ( ! ,,prc economy1 cont9ues to c]tify t ! ,,prc rema9s a non-m>ket economy1 alongside ! ,republic ( ,arm5ia1 ! ,republic ( ,az]baijan1 ! ,republic ( ,bel>us1 ,georgia1 ! ,kyrgyz ,republic1 ! ,republic ( ,moldova1 ! ,russian ,f$]ation1 ! ,republic ( ,tajiki/an1 ,turkm5i/an1 ! ,republic ( ,uzbeki/an1 & ! ,sociali/ ,republic ( ,vietnam4 7#bc7 ,^u widespread public ackn[l$gm5t & initial ,unit$ ,/ates action to confront ,,mic#bjbe1 ! ,,ccp /ill abides by1 b no long] publicly ackn[l$ges ,,mic#bjbe or ! detail$ plans1 int5tions1 & activities to accompli% its #ad? ,five ,ye> ,plan or long-t]m sci5ce & te*nology goals4 #c4 ,s5se ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,x is ! s5se ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives t-- 7#a7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates f9ds itself 9 n only a security & diplomatic competition1 b "o heavily bas$ ^u economic & comm]cial competition2 7#b7 ! ,,ccp seeks to dom9ate ! sectors 9 ,,mic#bjbe ?r\gh unfair trade practices1 su* z =c$ labor1 l[ environm5tal /&>ds1 illegal subsidies1 & /ol5 =eign rese>* & intellectual prop]ty1 & !n create & recreate ! products 9 ! ,,prc (t5 to be sold abroad at *eap]-?an-m>ket rates1 ) ! ultimate goal be+ to und]cut1 if n bankrupt1 ,unit$ ,/ates bus9esses & /ifle ,unit$ ,/ates manufactur+ & inve/m5ts 9 critical future te*nologies2 7#c7 all ,unit$ ,/ates bus9esses1 rese>* in/itutions1 & ,unit$ ,/ates ,f$]al entities involv$ 9 cutt+ edge rese>* & design--no matt] _! size1 fund+1 or :]e !y are locat$--are ,,mic#bjbe t>gets = ,,ccp disruption1 intellig5ce collection1 intellectual prop]ty !ft1 unfair competitive practices1 & comm]cial co]cion2 7#d7 ,unit$ ,/ates sci5ce & te*nology firms %\ld prep>e !mselves = gr[+ unfair trade practices & cont9u$ !ft ( intellectual prop]ty1 p>ticul>ly z ,xi ,j9p+'s t5ure cont9ues2 7#e7 ,unit$ ,/ates public1 private1 & non-pr(it collaboration w drive ,unit$ ,/ates innovation & mu/ d s ) spe$ & purpose1 z ?is era ( /rategic competition w be won by close1 coord9at$1 & collaborative "w betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates public1 private1 & non-pr(it sectors & /rategic p>tn]s abroad2 7#f7 ,unit$ ,/ates bus9esses1 non-pr(its1 academia1 & ,f$]al entities %\ld review _! security practices to protect _! build+s1 te*nology1 products1 propriet>y k1 & p]sonnel f all undue =eign int]f]5ce & espionage1 includ+ in/itut+ ?or\gh scre5+s & reviews = bus9ess or rese>* collaborations ) c\ntries & entities t are nam$ 9 sanctions or export control docum5ts or are kn[n to use illicit ?ird p>ty entities1 su* z %ell companies1 to subv]t import re/rictions or obfuscate dual-use milit>y int]e/s 9 seem+ly b5ign civilian rese>* ef=ts2 7#g7 ,unit$ ,/ates bus9esses1 non-pr(its1 academia1 & ,f$]al entities involv$ 9 ,,mic#bjbe areas %\ld review & inve/ 9 ,f$]al & ,/ate guidel9es on cyb]security practices & tools1 rese>* security /&>ds1 & c\nt]9tellig5ce risk po/ures2 7#h7 e ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t ag5cy & dep>tm5t %\ld ori5t _! int]nal res\rces & po/ures to prep>e = an era ( /rategic competition ) ! ,,ccp1 :i* w affect security1 diplomatic1 economic1 & comm]cial factors2 7#i7 ,f$]al entities %\ld also seek to boo/ outrea* to ! private1 academic1 & non-pr(its sectors to f9d new ways to p>tn] 9 sci5ce & te*nical ef=ts1 alongside new ways to protect ,unit$ ,/ates innovation2 7#aj7 ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t ag5cies & dep>tm5ts %\ld review _! regulations & processes to ensure t int]nal rulemak+ does n unnecess>ily sl[ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ability to compete ) ! ,,ccp & t x protects ,unit$ ,/ates +5uity & comm]cial products1 :ile keep+ pace ) ! rate ( sci5tific1 te*nological1 manufactur+1 & comm]cial advancem5ts2 7#aa7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce f9ds itself at ! frontl9e ( global /rategic competition2 7#ab7 ,congress %\ld support ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce's ef=ts at home & abroad :ile conduct+ rigor\s ov]sight to ensure ! ,dep>tm5t is prioritiz+ ! long-t]m int]e/ ( ! national security1 economic security1 & well-be+ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7#ac7 ,f$]al entities %\ld support ,unit$ ,/ates private & rese>* in/itutions organizations t seek to div]sify _! supply *a9s1 increase _! und]/&+ ( ! level ( ,,prc-produc$ cont5t 9 _! supply *a9s1 or ext5d trade relation%ips ) new ,pacific p>tn]s2 7#ad7 ,unit$ ,/ates treaty allies & non-treaty p>tn]s h a trem5d\s "p to play 9 /rategic competition & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t %\ld seek to bol/] diplomatic & comm]cial relation%ips ) ^! p>tn]s2 7#ae7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates desires a /able & fair play+ field 9 its comm]cial relation%ips abroad1 ) reciprocal access & mutual b5efits1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates values int]national rese>* & developm5t relation%ips bas$ ^u tru/ & goodwill2 & 7#af7 opposes ! above-m5tion$ unfair1 aggressive actions & policies ( ! ,,ccp & supports ! p ( ! ,,prc 9 creat+ an economy t is op5 to hone/ global p>tn]%ip1 free f malign int5t1 & aligns ) ! norms ( mod]n global trade4