,i  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #fgde  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,decemb] #ac1         
#bjbc,mr4 ,burlison 7= himself1 ,mr4    
,nehls1 & ,mr4 ,good ( ,virg9ia7        
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to
 ! ,committee on ,education & ! ,work=ce
  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d ! ,national ,labor
 ,relations ,act to p]mit c]ta9         
employees to engage 9 indep5d5t         
negotiat+4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act   
may be cit$ z ! ,work]'s ,*oice ,act (  
#bjbc4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds !     
foll[+3  7#a7 ,9 #aice1 ,congress pass$ 
! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act to   
protect ! full fre$om ( association =   
employees4  7#b7 ,! ,bureau ( ,labor    
,/ati/ics reports t ! labor organization
 repres5tation 9 ! private sector 0 #f4h
 p]c5t 9 #bjbb4 #ic4b p]c5t ( private   
sector employees _h ! fre$om to repres5t
 !mselves directly ) _! employ]4  7#c7  
,ov] half ! ,/ates h "r-to-"w laws1 :i* 
gu>antees an employee's "r to refra9 f  
pay+ labor organization fees z a        

condition ( employm5t4  7#d7 ,employees 
9 "r-to-"w ,/ates :o opt out ( a labor  
organization mu/ /ill accept labor      
organization negotiat$ comp5sation &    
t]ms ( employm5t depriv+ !m ( _! fre$om 
f associat+ ) ! labor organization4     
7#e7 ,^! employees %\ld h ! "r to       
repres5t !mselves 9 deal+s ) an employ]4
  7#f7 ,:ile no employee %\ld be requir$
 to pay a ?ird p>ty j to keep _! job1   
labor organizations %\ld be reliev$ ( ! 
requirem5t to provide s]vices to nonpay+
 employees 9 "r-to-"w ,/ates t opt out (
 memb]%ip1 refra9 f pay+ dues1 & reject 
labor organization repres5tation4  #c4  
,indep5d5t negotiat+  7a7 ,unfair labor 
practices ,section #h ( ! ,national     
,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4   
#aeh7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection      
7a77#c7--  7,a7 by /rik+ ! or be=e 7,b72
 &  7,b7 by /rik+ memb]%ip2 & ins]t+    
memb]%ip1 or 7,c7 if1 9 a cov]$ ,/ate1 !
 employee has ceas$ to be a memb] ( a   
labor organization or pay an exclusive  
repres5tative2 &  7#b7 9 subsection     

7b7-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#f71 by /rik+ &  
at ! end2  7,b7 9 ! matt] foll[+        
p>agraph 7#g71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end
 & ins]t+ a colon2 &  7,c7 by ins]t+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7#h7 9 a cov]$ ,/ate1  
to repres5t or b>ga9 on behalf (        
employees :o h ceas$ to be a memb] ( a  
labor organization or pay an exclusive  
repres5tative2  7#i7 9 a cov]$ ,/ate1 to
 int]f]e ) employees :o h ceas$ to be a 
memb] ( a labor organization or pay an  
exclusive repres5tative engag$ 9        
indep5d5t negotiat+2 &  7#aj7 9 a cov]$ 
,/ate1 to re/ra9 or co]ce employees :o h
 ceas$ to be a memb] ( a labor          
organization or pay an exclusive        
repres5tative f engag+ 9 indep5d5t      
negotiat+4  4  7b7 ,exclusion ( work]s  
engag$ 9 indep5d5t negotiat+ f          
repres5tation ,section #i7;a7 ( su* ,act
 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aei7;a77 is am5d$--    
7#a7 by ins]t+ 7o!r ?an any employee :o 
has elect$ to engage 9 indep5d5t        
negotiat+7 aft] all ! employees2  7#b7  
by ins]t+ 1 9 a ,/ate or ,t]ritory t is 

n a cov]$ ,/ate1 be=e any individual2 & 
7#c7 by ins]t+ &1 9 a cov]$ ,/ate1 an   
individual employee %all engage 9       
indep5d5t negotiat+ ) _! employ] if su* 
employee has ceas$ to be a memb] ( a    
labor organization or pay an exclusive  
repres5tative aft] 9 effect4  7c7       
,indep5d5t negotiat+ & cov]$ ,/ate def9$
 ,section #b ( su* ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#aeb7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7#ae7 ,! t]m indep5d5t         
negotiat+ means1 9 a unit locat$ 9 a    
cov]$ ,/ate ) an exclusive repres5tative
 = ! purposes ( collective b>ga9+1      
negotiat+ betwe5 an employ] & an        
individual employee z ?\gh su* employee 
7 n 9 su* a unit & )\t reg>d to !       
exi/5ce ( a collective-b>ga9+ contract  
or agreem5t4  7#af7 ,! t]m cov]$ ,/ate  
means a ,/ate or ,t]ritory :i* prohibits
 ! execution or application ( agreem5ts 
requir+ memb]%ip 91 or paym5t to1 a     
labor organization z a condition (      
employm5t4  4