,i  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #fjba  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,octob] #bd1 #bjbc    
,mr4 ,bey] introduc$ ! foll[+ bill      
,octob] #be1 #bjbc ,ref]r$ to !         
,committee on ,en]gy & ,comm]ce1 & 9    
addition to ! ,committees on ,ways &    
,means1 ,=eign ,affairs1 ! ,judici>y1 & 
,transportation & ,infra/ructure1 = a   
p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by !    
,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su*
 provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( !
 committee conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to      
prohibit ! transportation1 sale1 &      
pur*ase ( donkeys or donkey hides = !   
purpose ( produc+ ejiao1 to prohibit !  
transportation1 sale1 & pur*ase (       
products conta9+ ejiao1 & = o!r         
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,ejiao ,act ( #bjbc4  #b4  
,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7   
,ejiao is a gelat9 creat$ f ! sk9s (    
donkeys :i* is us$ 9 traditional ,*9ese 
m$ic9e1 beauty1 cosmetic1 & o!r luxury  
products4  7#b7 ,! donkey sk9 trade = ! 

production ( ejiao is decimat+ global   
donkey populations & h>m+ impov]i%$     
global communities4  7#c7 ,/udies h %[n 
t ! use ( ejiao is unnecess>y 9 !       
production ( ^! products s9ce ! gelat9s 
f o!r s\rces1 includ+ plants1 may be us$
 in/ead4  7#d7 ,millions ( donkeys are  
slaught]$ annually = _! sk9s to make    
ejiao4  7#e7 ,! dome/ic ,*9ese &        
int]national dem& = donkey sk9s is      
approximately #h1jjj1jjj to #aj1jjj1jjj 
sk9s p] ye> b ! annual supply 9 ,*9a is 
less ?an #a1hjj1jjj4  7#f7 ,su* dem& has
 l$ to ! slaught] ( massive numb]s (    
donkeys across ! globe1 decimat+ donkey 
populations1 mo/ notably 9 ,africa &    
,lat9 ,am]ica4  7#g7 ,su* dem& has _h   
deva/at+ effects on ! families :o dep5d 
on donkeys = survival1 su* z = f>m+ &   
con/ruction2 transport+ wat] to dr9k1   
cook1 & clean2 tak+ products to m>ket = 
sale2 & transport+ *ildr5 to s*ool4     
7#h7 ,a report by ! ,k5ya ,agricultural 
& ,live/ock ,rese>* ,organization said t
 #aei1fca donkeys 7 slaught]$ = _! sk9s1

 #h4a p]c5t ( ! population1 9 #bjah4    
,today1 up to #a1jjj donkeys a day c be 
slaught]$ 9 ,k5ya alone1 m ?an #cjj1jjj 
a ye>4  7#i7 ,donkeys are regul>ly /ol5 
& kill$ illegally solely = _! sk9s4     
,moreov]1 donkeys are (t5 /ol5 f        
families :o dep5d on !m = _!            
livelihoods1 & :o are already /ruggl+ & 
liv+ bel[ ! regional pov]ty l9e4  7#aj7 
,:]e own]s will+ly sell _! donkeys1 !y  
f9d t )9 mon?s !y are worse (f          
f9ancially ?an !y w\ld h be5 _h !y kept 
_! donkeys4 ,z prices con/antly rise1 x 
becomes impossible = ^! own]s to g back 
into ! m>ket = a new donkey4  7#aa7     
,al?\gh ejiao products are exp5sive1 z !
 ,*9ese middle class has exp&$1 dem& =  
ejiao products has explod$ ov] ! c\rse (
 ! la/ decade4 ,z a result1 ! donkey    
population 9 ,*9a has collaps$ by #gf   
p]c5t s9ce #aiib4  7#ab7 ,ejiao         
companies h set up donkey bre$+ s*emes 9
 ,*9a 9 an attempt to bre$ ! species on 
a scale suffici5t to meet local dem&4 ,b
 due to ! long ge/ation p]iod ( donkeys1

 & ! fact t !y (t5 only give bir? once a
 ye>1 bre$]s h n be5 able to satisfy    
dem& f )9 ,*9a1 :i* is :y ejiao         
companies h turn$ to ,africa & ,lat9    
,am]ica to satisfy dem& = ejiao4  7#ac7 
,a crisis 9 donkey populations has be5  
met ) v>i$ responses f affect$ c\ntries4
 ,bans 9 ! trade ( donkey sk9s 9 sev5   
,african c\ntries h be5 poorly en=c$ or 
ov]turn$4  7#ad7 ,z dem& = ejiao        
cont9ues unabat$1 donkey populations 9  
l[]-income c\ntries cont9ue to nos$ive1 
despite gov]nm5tal ef=ts to outlaw !    
trade4  7#ae7 ,a numb] ( ,unit$         
,/ates-bas$ companies h already pl$g$ to
 remove f ! m>ket all products conta9+  
ejiao4 ,despite ?is1 f> too _m ,unit$   
,/ates-bas$ companies cont9ue to sell   
products conta9+ ejiao4  7#af7 ,! lead+ 
import]s 9 ! _w = ejiao are ma9l& ,*9a &
 ,hong ,kong4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is
 ! ?ird l>ge/ import] ( ejiao1 )        
#ab1jjj1jjj 9 annual imports ( ejiao ea*
 ye>4  #c4 ,prohibitions  7a7 ,donkeys &
 donkey hides ,no p]son %all kn[+ly     

import1 export1 transport1 sell1        
receive1 acquire1 or pur*ase1 9 int]/ate
 or =eign comm]ce1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1   
any donkey or donkey hide = ! purpose ( 
produc+-- 7#a7 ejiao2 or  7#b7 any      
product conta9+ ejiao4  7b7 ,products ) 
ejiao ,no p]son %all kn[+ly import1     
export1 transport1 sell1 receive1       
acquire1 or pur*ase1 9 int]/ate or =eign
 comm]ce 7includ+ by means ( ! int]net71
 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 any product conta9+ 
ejiao4  #d4 ,p5alties & sanctions  7a7  
,civil p5alties  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any     
p]son :o engages 9 conduct prohibit$ by 
section #c may be assess$ a civil p5alty
 by ! ,secret>y ( n m ?an #aj1jjj = ea* 
su* violation4 ,ea* violation %all be a 
sep>ate (f5se & ! (f5se %all be deem$ to
 h be5 committ$ n only 9 ! di/rict :]e !
 violation fir/ occurr$1 b also 9 any   
di/rict 9 :i* a p]son may h tak5 or be5 
9 possession (-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( a      
violation ( section #c7;a71 ! donkey or 
donkey hide2 or  7,b7 9 ! case ( a      
violation ( section #c7;b71 ! product   

conta9+ ejiao4  7#b7 ,notice &          
opportunity = he>+ ,no civil p5alty may 
be assess$ "u ?is subsection unless !   
p]son accus$ ( ! violation is giv5      
notice & opportunity = a he>+ ) respect 
to ! violation4  7#c7 ,det]m9ation (    
am\nt ,9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( any p5alty   
assess$ "u ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y  
%all take into acc\nt ! nature1         
circum/ances1 ext5t1 & gravity ( !      
prohibit$ act committ$1 & ) respect to !
 violator1 ! degree ( culpability1      
ability to pay1 & su* o!r matt]s z      
ju/ice may require4  7b7 ,he>+s ,he>+s  
held dur+ proce$+s = ! assessm5t ( civil
 p5alties "u ?is section %all be        
conduct$ 9 accordance ) section #eed (  
title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,!       
adm9i/rative law judge may issue        
subpo5as = ! att5dance & te/imony (     
witnesses & ! production ( relevant     
pap]s1 books1 or docum5ts1 & may adm9i/]
 oa?s4 ,witnesses summon$ %all be paid !
 same fees & mileage t are paid to      
witnesses 9 ! c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  

,9 case ( contumacy or refusal to obey a
 subpo5a issu$ pursuant to ?is          
subsection & s]v$ ^u any p]son1 !       
di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = any    
di/rict 9 :i* su* p]son is f\nd1        
resides1 or transacts bus9ess1 ^u       
application by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & aft]   
notice to su* p]son1 %all h jurisdiction
 to issue an ord] requir+ su* p]son to  
appe> & give te/imony be=e !            
adm9i/rative law judge or to appe> &    
produce docum5ts be=e ! adm9i/rative law
 judge1 or bo?1 & any failure to obey   
su* ord] ( ! c\rt may be puni%$ by su*  
c\rt z a contempt !re(4  7c7 ,review (  
civil p5alty ,any p]son aga9/ :om a     
civil p5alty is assess$ "u ?is section  
may obta9 review !re( 9 ! appropriate   
di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by fil+ a
 compla9t 9 su* c\rt )9 #cj days aft] ! 
date ( su* ord] & by simultane\sly s]v+ 
a copy ( ! compla9t by c]tifi$ mail on !
 ,secret>y1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 & !     
appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates attorney4 ,!  
,secret>y %all promptly file 9 su* c\rt 

a c]tifi$ copy ( ! record ^u :i* su*    
violation 0 f\nd or su* p5alty impos$1 z
 provid$ 9 section #baab ( title #bh1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,if any p]son fails
 to pay an assessm5t ( a civil p5alty   
aft] x has become a f9al & unappealable 
ord] or aft] ! appropriate c\rt has     
ent]$ f9al judgm5t 9 favor ( !          
,secret>y1 ! ,secret>y may reque/ !     
,attorney ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to   
in/itute a civil action 9 an appropriate
 di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to      
collect ! p5alty1 & su* c\rt %all h     
jurisdiction to he> & decide any su*    
action4 ,9 he>+ su* action1 ! c\rt %all 
h au?ority to review ! violation & !    
assessm5t ( ! civil p5alty de novo4  7d7
 ,crim9al p5alties  7#a7 ,import or     
export2 value 9 excess ( #cej ,any p]son
 :o--  7,a7 9 violation ( section #c1   
kn[+ly imports or exports-- 7i7 any     
donkey or donkey hide2 or  7ii7 any     
product conta9+ ejiao2 or  7,b7 violates
 section #c by kn[+ly engag+ 9 conduct t
 involves ! sale or pur*ase (1 ! (f] (  

sale or pur*ase (1 or ! int5t to sell or
 pur*ase--  7i7 any donkey or donkey    
hide ) a m>ket value 9 excess ( #cej2 or
  7ii7 any product conta9+ ejiao ) a    
m>ket value 9 excess ( #cej1  kn[+ t !  
donkey1 donkey hide1 or product conta9+ 
ejiao 0 tak51 possess$1 transport$1 or  
sold 9 violation ( su* section1 %all be 
f9$ n m ?an #bj1jjj 7not)/&+ ! maximum  
f9e am\nt o!rwise applicable "u section 
#cgea ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code71
 or imprison$ = n m ?an #e ye>s1 or bo?4
 ,ea* violation %all be a sep>ate (f5se 
& ! (f5se %all be deem$ to h be5        
committ$ n only 9 ! di/rict :]e !       
violation fir/ occurr$1 b also 9 any    
di/rict 9 :i* ! def5dant may h tak5 or  
be5 9 possession ( su* donkey1 donkey   
hide1 or product conta9+ ejiao4  7#b7   
,o!r prohibit$ conduct ,any p]son :o    
kn[+ly engages 9 conduct prohibit$ by   
section #c & 9 ! ex]cise ( due c>e %\ld 
"k t ! donkey1 donkey hide1 or product  
conta9+ ejiao 0 tak51 possess$1         
transport$1 or sold 9 violation ( su*   

section %all be f9$ n m ?an #aj1jjj     
7not)/&+ ! maximum f9e am\nt o!rwise    
applicable "u section #cgea ( title #ah1
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code71 or imprison$ = n 
m ?an #a ye>1 or bo?4 ,ea* violation    
%all be a sep>ate (f5se & ! (f5se %all  
be deem$ to h be5 committ$ n only 9 !   
di/rict :]e ! violation fir/ occurr$1 b 
also 9 any di/rict 9 :i* ! def5dant may 
h tak5 or be5 9 possession ( su* donkey1
 donkey hide1 or product conta9+ ejiao4 
#e4 ,=feiture  7a7 ,9 g5]al  7#a7       
,donkeys & donkey hides ,all donkeys or 
donkey hides import$1 export$1          
transport$1 sold1 receiv$1 acquir$1 or  
pur*as$ contr>y to ! provisions (       
section #c7;a71 or any regulation issu$ 
pursuant to su* section1 %all be subject
 to =feiture to ! ,unit$ ,/ates not)/&+ 
any culpability requirem5ts = civil     
p5alty assessm5t or crim9al prosecution 
includ$ 9 section #d4  7#b7 ,products ) 
ejiao ,all products conta9+ ejiao       
import$1 export$1 transport$1 sold1     
receiv$1 acquir$1 or pur*as$ contr>y to 

! provisions ( section #c7;b71 or any   
regulation issu$ pursuant to su*        
section1 %all be subject to =feiture to 
! ,unit$ ,/ates not)/&+ any culpability 
requirem5ts = civil p5alty assessm5t or 
crim9al prosecution includ$ 9 section   
#d4  7#c7 ,equipm5t ,all vessels1       
vehicles1 aircraft1 & o!r equipm5t us$  
to aid 9 ! import+1 export+1 transport+1
 sell+1 receiv+1 acquir+1 or pur*as+ (  
donkeys1 donkey hides1 or products      
conta9+ ejiao 9 a crim9al violation (   
?is ,act = :i* a felony conviction is   
obta9$ %all be subject to =feiture to ! 
,unit$ ,/ates if--  7,a7 ! own] ( su*   
vessel1 vehicle1 aircraft1 or equipm5t 0
 at ! "t ( ! alleg$ illegal act a       
cons5t+ p>ty or privy !reto or 9 !      
ex]cise ( due c>e %\ld h kn[n t su*     
vessel1 vehicle1 aircraft1 or equipm5t  
w\ld be us$ 9 a crim9al violation ( ?is 
,act2 &  7,b7 ! violation involv$--  7i7
 ! sale or pur*ase (1 ! (f] ( sale or   
pur*ase (1 or ! int5t to sell or        
pur*ase1 a donkey or donkey hide2 or    

7ii7 ! import1 export1 transportation1  
sale1 receipt1 acquisition1 or pur*ase (
 a product conta9+ ejiao4  7b7          
,application ( cu/oms laws ,all         
provisions ( law relat+ to ! seizure1   
=feiture1 & condemnation ( prop]ty =    
violation ( ! cu/oms laws1 ! disposition
 ( su* prop]ty or ! proce$s f ! sale    
!re(1 & ! remission or mitigation ( su* 
=feiture1 %all apply to ! seizures &    
=feitures incurr$1 or alleg$ to h be5   
incurr$1 "u ! provisions ( ?is ,act1    
ins(> z su* provisions ( law are        
applicable & n inconsi/5t ) ! provisions
 ( ?is ,act2 except t all p[]s1 rights1 
& duties conf]r$ or impos$ by ! cu/oms  
laws ^u any (fic] or employee ( !       
,treasury ,dep>tm5t may1 = ! purposes ( 
?is ,act1 also be ex]cis$ or p]=m$ by ! 
,secret>y or by su* p]sons z ! ,secret>y
 may designate3 ,provid$1 ,t any w>rant 
= se>* or seizure %all be issu$ 9       
accordance ) rule #da ( ! ,f$]al ,rules 
( ,crim9al ,proc$ure4  7c7 ,/orage co/  
,any p]son convict$ ( an (f5se1 or      

assess$ a civil p5alty1 "u section #d   
%all be liable = ! co/s incurr$ 9 !     
/orage1 c>e1 & ma9t5ance ( any donkey1  
donkey hide1 or product conta9+ ejiao   
seiz$ 9 connection ) ! violation        
conc]n$4  7d7 ,civil =feitures ,civil   
=feitures "u ?is section %all be gov]n$ 
by ! provisions ( *apt] #df ( title #ah1
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  #f4 ,en=cem5t    
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! provisions ( ?is ,act & 
any regulations issu$ pursuant !reto    
%all be en=c$ by ! ,secret>y1 !         
,secret>y ( ,transportation1 or !       
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury4 ,su* ,secret>y 
may utilize by agreem5t1 ) or )\t       
reimbursem5t1 ! p]sonnel1 s]vices1 &    
facilities ( any o!r ,f$]al ag5cy or any
 ,/ate ag5cy or ,indian tribe = purposes
 ( en=c+ ?is ,act4  7b7 ,p[]s  7#a7 ,9  
g5]al ,any p]son au?oriz$ "u subsection 
7a7 to en=ce ?is ,act-- 7,a7 may c>ry   
fire>ms2  7,b7 may1 :5 en=c+ ?is ,act1  
make an arre/ )\t a w>rant1 9 accordance
 ) any guidel9es :i* may be issu$ by !  
,attorney ,g5]al1 = any (f5se "u ! laws 

( ! ,unit$ ,/ates committ$ 9 ! p]son's  
pres5ce1 or = ! commission ( any felony 
"u ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 if ! p]son 
has reasonable gr\nds to believe t !    
p]son to be arre/$ has committ$ or is   
committ+ a felony2  7,c7 may se>* &     
seize1 ) or )\t a w>rant1 9 accordance )
 any guidel9es :i* may be issu$ by !    
,attorney ,g5]al3 ,provid$1 ,t an arre/ 
= a felony violation ( ?is ,act t is n  
committ$ 9 ! pres5ce or view ( any su*  
p]son & t involves only !               
transportation1 acquisition1 receipt1   
pur*ase1 or sale ( a donkey1 donkey     
hide1 or product conta9+ ejiao tak5 or  
possess$ 9 violation ( any law or       
regulation ( any ,/ate %all require a   
w>rant2  7,d7 may make an arre/ )\t a   
w>rant = a misdemeanor violation ( ?is  
,act if he has reasonable gr\nds to     
believe t ! p]son to be arre/$ is       
committ+ a violation 9 8 pres5ce or     
view2 &  7,e7 may execute & s]ve any    
subpo5a1 arre/ w>rant1 se>* w>rant issu$
 9 accordance ) rule #da ( ! ,f$]al     

,rules ( ,crim9al ,proc$ure1 or o!r     
w>rant ( civil or crim9al process issu$ 
by any (fic] or c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction = en=cem5t ( ?is ,act4     
7#b7 ,det5tion & inspection ,any p]son  
au?oriz$ "u subsection 7a7 to en=ce ?is 
,act1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y ( !   
,treasury1 may deta9 = inspection &     
inspect any vessel1 vehicle1 aircraft1  
or o!r conveyance or any package1 crate1
 or o!r conta9]1 includ+ its cont5ts1 ^u
 ! arrival ( su* conveyance or conta9] 9
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ! cu/oms wat]s ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates f any po9t outside !      
,unit$ ,/ates or su* cu/oms wat]s1 or1  
if su* conveyance or conta9] is be+ us$ 
= exportation purposes1 prior to        
dep>ture f ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ! cu/oms  
wat]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,su* p]son may 
also inspect & dem& ! production ( any  
docum5ts & p]mits requir$ by ! c\ntry ( 
natal orig91 bir?1 or reexport ( !      
donkey4 ,any donkey1 donkey hide1       
product conta9+ ejiao1 prop]ty1 or item 
seiz$ %all be held by any p]son au?oriz$

 by ! ,secret>y p5d+ disposition ( civil
 or crim9al proce$+s1 or ! in/itution ( 
an action 9 rem = =feiture ( su* donkey1
 donkey hide1 product conta9+ ejiao1    
prop]ty1 or item pursuant to section #e 
( ?is ,act2 except t ! ,secret>y may1 9 
lieu ( hold+ su* donkey1 donkey hide1   
product conta9+ ejiao1 prop]ty1 or item1
 p]mit ! own] or consignee to po/ a bond
 or o!r surety satisfactory to !        
,secret>y4  7c7 ,di/rict c\rt           
jurisdiction ,! sev]al di/rict c\rts ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates1 includ+ ! c\rts enum]at$
 9 section #dfj ( title #bh1 ,unit$     
,/ates ,code1 %all h jurisdiction ov]   
any actions aris+ "u ?is ,act4 ,! v5ue  
provisions ( title #ah & title #bh ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code %all apply to any   
actions aris+ "u ?is ,act4 ,! judges ( !
 di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & !    
,unit$ ,/ates magi/rates may1 )9 _!     
respective jurisdictions1 ^u prop] oa?  
or affirmation %[+ probable cause1 issue
 su* w>rants or o!r process z may be    
requir$ = en=cem5t ( ?is ,act & any     

regulations issu$ !reund]4  7d7 ,rew>ds 
& c]ta9 incid5tal exp5ses  7#a7 ,9 g5]al
 ,! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y ( !        
,treasury %all pay1 f sums receiv$ z    
p5alties1 f9es1 or =feitures ( prop]ty =
 any violation ( ?is ,act or any        
regulation issu$ h]eund]-- 7,a7 a rew>d 
to any p]son :o furni%es in=mation :i*  
leads to an arre/1 a crim9al conviction1
 civil p5alty assessm5t1 or =feiture (  
prop]ty = any violation ( ?is ,act or   
any regulation issu$ h]eund]2 &  7,b7 ! 
reasonable & necess>y co/s incurr$ by   
any p]son 9 provid+ tempor>y c>e = any  
donkey p5d+ ! disposition ( any civil or
 crim9al proce$+ alleg+ a violation (   
?is ,act ) respect to t donkey4  7#b7   
,am\nt ,! am\nt ( ! rew>d ref]r$ to 9   
p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 if any1 is to be    
designat$ by ! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y 
( ! ,treasury1 z appropriate4  7#c7     
,ineligibility ,any (fic] or employee ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates or any ,/ate or local   
gov]nm5t :o furni%es in=mation or r5d]s 
s]vice 9 ! p]=mance ( 8 (ficial duties  

is ineligible = paym5t "u ?is           
subsection4  #g4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is     
,act3  7#a7 ,donkey ,! t]m donkey means 
a wild1 f]al1 or dome/ic donkey1 ass1   
mule1 burro1 or h9ny1 includ+ ,equus    
africanus & ,equus as9us4  7#b7 ,ejiao  
,! t]m ejiao means a gelat9 creat$ f !  
sk9 ( a donkey 7also kn[n z gelat9a     
nigra74  7#c7 ,import ,! t]m import     
means to l& on1 br+ into1 or introduce  
into1 any place subject to !            
jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :e!r or 
n su* l&+1 br++1 or introduction        
con/itutes an importation )9 ! mean+ ( !
 cu/oms laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#d7   
,secret>y ,! t]m ,secret>y means1 except
 z o!rwise provid$1 ! ,secret>y (       
,comm]ce4  7#e7 ,tak5 ,! t]m tak5 means 
captur$1 kill$1 or collect$4