,i  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #eihc  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,octob] #ah1 #bjbc,mr4
 ,l>s5 ( ,wa%+ton 7= himself1 ,mrs4     
,napolitano1 ,mr4 ,bey]1 ,ms4 ,/ansbury1
 ,mr4 ,aguil>1 ,mr4 ,allr$1 ,mr4        
,au*9closs1 ,ms4 ,bal9t1 ,ms4 ,b>ragn1  
,mrs4 ,beatty1 ,mr4 ,blum5au]1 ,ms4     
,bonamici1 ,mr4 ,b[man1 ,ms4 ,br[nley1  
,mr4 ,c>bajal1 ,mr4 ,crd5as1 ,mr4       
,c>son1 ,mr4 ,c>t] ( ,l\isiana1 ,mr4    
,cas>1 ,mr4 ,case1 ,ms4 ,ca/or (        
,florida1 ,mr4 ,cleav]1 ,mr4 ,coh51 ,mr4
 ,connolly1 ,ms4 ,crockett1 ,mr4 ,cr[1  
,mr4 ,davis ( ,ill9ois1 ,ms4 ,de,gette1 
,mr4 ,de,saulnier1 ,mrs4 ,d+ell1 ,ms4   
,escob>1 ,mr4 ,espaillat1 ,mr4 ,evans1  
,mrs4 ,f\%ee1 ,ms4 ,lois ,frankel (     
,florida1 ,mr4 ,g>ca ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4   
,rob]t ,g>cia ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4 ,g>cia (
 ,texas1 ,mr4 ,goldman ( ,new ,york1    
,mr4 ,gomez1 ,mr4 ,got!im]1 ,mr4        
,grijalva1 ,ms4 ,hoyle ( ,oregon1 ,mr4  
,huffman1 ,ms4 ,jackson ,lee1 ,ms4      
,jacobs1 ,ms4 ,jayapal1 ,mr4 ,johnson ( 

,georgia1 ,ms4 ,kamlag]-,dove1 ,ms4     
,kaptur1 ,mr4 ,khanna1 ,mr4 ,kilm]1 ,mr4
 ,kim ( ,new ,j]sey1 ,mr4 ,kri%namoor?i1
 ,ms4 ,lee ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,lev91 ,mr4
 ,lieu1 ,mr4 ,lyn*1 ,mr4 ,magaz9]1 ,ms4 
,matsui1 ,ms4 ,mc,clellan1 ,ms4         
,mc,collum1 ,mr4 ,mc,garvey1 ,mr4       
,mc,govern1 ,mr4 ,m55dez1 ,ms4 ,m5g1    
,mr4 ,mfume1 ,ms4 ,moore ( ,wiscons91   
,mr4 ,morelle1 ,mr4 ,m\lton1 ,mr4       
,mull91 ,mr4 ,nadl]1 ,mr4 ,neguse1 ,mr4 
,norcross1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,ms4           
,ocasio-,cortez1 ,mr4 ,pallone1 ,mr4    
,pascrell1 ,mr4 ,payne1 ,mr4 ,pet]s1    
,ms4 ,p+ree1 ,ms4 ,port]1 ,ms4          
,pressley1 ,mrs4 ,ramirez1 ,mr4 ,rask91 
,mr4 ,rupp]sb]g]1 ,ms4 ,sal9as1 ,ms4    
,sn*ez1 ,mr4 ,s>banes1 ,ms4 ,scanlon1   
,ms4 ,s*ak[sky1 ,mr4 ,s*iff1 ,mr4       
,s*neid]1 ,ms4 ,s*olt51 ,mr4 ,scott (   
,virg9ia1 ,ms4 ,sewell1 ,mr4 ,smi? (    
,wa%+ton1 ,ms4 ,/ev5s1 ,ms4 ,/rickl&1   
,mr4 ,takano1 ,mr4 ,?an$>1 ,mr4 ,?ompson
 ( ,mississippi1 ,ms4 ,titus1 ,ms4      
,tokuda1 ,mr4 ,tonko1 ,mr4 ,torres (    

,new ,york1 ,mrs4 ,trahan1 ,mr4 ,trone1 
,mr4 ,v>gas1 ,mr4 ,vasquez1 ,ms4        
,velzquez1 ,ms4 ,wass]man ,s*ultz1 ,mrs4
 ,watson ,coleman1 ,ms4 ,wexton1 ,ms4   
,williams ( ,georgia1 ,ms4 ,wilson (    
,florida1 ,mr4 ,ca/ro ( ,texas1 & ,ms4  
,wat]s7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill  ,octob]
 #be1 #bjbc,ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,transportation & ,infra/ructure  ,a    
,,bill  ,to am5d ! ,f$]al ,wat]         
,pollution ,control ,act to re/ore a    
national m9imum /&>d ( protection = !   
wat] res\rces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :ile    
provid+ c]ta9ty to regulat$ entities4   
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,clean ,wat] ,act ( #bjbc4  #b4       
,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is ,act are z  
foll[s3 7#a7 ,to reaffirm ! commitm5t ( 
,congress to re/ore & ma9ta9 ! *emical1 
physical1 & biological integrity ( !    
,nation's protect$ wat] res\rces4  7#b7 
,to cle>ly def9e ! ,nation's protect$   
wat] res\rces t are subject to ! ,f$]al 
,wat] ,pollution ,control ,act 7#cc     
,u4,s4,c4 #abeb et seq47 7commonly kn[n 

z ! ,clean ,wat] ,act7 bas$ on ! be/    
available sci5tific evid5ce & decades ( 
p>tn]%ip betwe5 ! ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 &      
,tribal gov]nm5ts to protect wat]       
quality4  7#c7 ,to elim9ate ! confusion 
initiat$ by ! ,supreme ,c\rt's ov]ly    
n>r[ int]pretation ( ! t]m navigable    
wat]s & to ree/abli% ! compreh5sive     
au?ority necess>y to meet ! codifi$     
objective ( ! ,clean ,wat] ,act4  7#d7  
,to re/ore a national m9imum /&>d (     
protection ( ! ,nation's protect$ wat]  
res\rces to ! fulle/ ext5t ( !          
legislative au?ority ( ,congress "u !   
,con/itution4  #c4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds
 ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,wat] is a s+ul> &      
preci\s res\rce t su/a9s all life & is  
fundam5tal to civilization's survival1  
cultural practices1 & indig5\s ways (   
life4  7#b7 ,clean & abundant wat] is   
important = public heal?1 agriculture1  
transportation1 flood control1 en]gy    
production1 recreation1 fi%+1 &         
municipal & comm]cial uses4  7#c7       
,riv]s1 /reams1 wetl&s1 & o!r wat]      

bodies are hydrologically connect$ )9 _!
 wat]%$s1 & sci5tific evid5ce %[s t !   
pollution1 impairm5t1 or de/ruction ( a 
wat] body 9 "o location may             
significantly affect ! *emical1         
physical1 & biological integrity ( o!r  
wat]s4  7#d7 ,! ,supreme ,c\rt's        
decision 9 ,sackett v4 ,,epa1 #eih      
,u4,s4 #fea 7#bjbc71 r$uces !           
protections ( ! ,clean ,wat] ,act       
contr>y to1 & impair+1 ! congressional  
objective ( re/or+ & ma9ta9+ ! *emical1 
physical1 & biological integrity ( !    
,nation's protect$ wat] res\rces4  7#e7 
,! decision elim9ates ,clean ,wat] ,act 
protections = t5s ( millions ( acres (  
wetl&s1 includ+ wetl&s t p]=m vital     
functions su* z /or+ wat] to help r$uce 
flood+1 improv+ wat] quality by filt]+  
pollutants1 provid+ critical & important
 habitats = aquatic & o!r species1 &    
re*>g+ gr\ndwat] t provides dr9k+ wat] &
 contributes to d[n/ream fl[s4  7#f7 ,! 
decision also puts at risk ,clean ,wat] 
,act protections = millions ( miles (   

small1 int]mitt5t1 & ephem]al /reams t--
 7,a7 comprise ! majority ( /ream miles 
9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7,b7 transport l>ge 
volumes ( wat] to d[n/ream riv]s2  7,c7 
r$uce ! introduction ( pollutants to    
l>ge /reams & riv]s2  7,d7 provide &    
purify dr9k+ wat] supplies2  7,e7 are   
especially important to ! life cycles ( 
aquatic organisms2 &  7,f7 aid 9 flood  
prev5tion4  7#g7 ,! pe] review$         
sci5tific lit]ature unequivocally       
demon/rates t-- 7,a7 /reams1 reg>dless (
 _! size or frequ5cy ( fl[1 are connect$
 to1 & /rongly influ5ce ! function (1   
d[n/ream wat]s2 &  7,b7 wetl&s1 includ+ 
wetl&s t lack surface wat] connections1 
are physically1 *emically1 &            
biologically connect$ to1 & affect !    
integrity (1 o!r protect$ wat] res\rces4
  7#h7 ,re/or+ & ma9ta9+ ! ,nation's    
protect$ wat] res\rces1 includ+         
intra/ate wat]s1 is necess>y to prev5t  
significant h>m to int]/ate comm]ce &   
su/a9 a robu/ sy/em ( int]/ate comm]ce 9
 ! future4  7#i7 ,?is ,act re/ores      

,clean ,wat] ,act protections to !      
,nation's protect$ wat] res\rces to     
ensure _! *emical1 physical1 &          
biological integrity4  7#aj7 ,!         
pollution or o!r degradation ( !        
,nation's protect$ wat] res\rces1       
individually & 9 ! aggregate1 has a     
sub/antial relation to & effect on      
int]/ate comm]ce4  7#aa7 ,protect$ wat] 
res\rces1 includ+ /reams & wetl&s1      
provide protection f flood+1 & dra9+ or 
fill+ wetl&s & *anneliz+ or fill+ /reams
 c cause or exac]bate flood+1 plac+ a   
significant burd5 on int]/ate comm]ce4  
7#ab7 ,millions ( individuals 9 ! ,unit$
 ,/ates dep5d on ! ,nation's protect$   
wat] res\rces1 includ+ /reams & wetl&s1 
to filt] wat] & re*>ge surface &        
subsurface dr9k+ wat] supplies1 protect 
human heal?1 & create economic          
opportunity4  7#ac7 ,s\rce wat]         
protection areas conta9+ small1         
int]mitt5t1 & ephem]al /reams repl5i%   
public dr9k+ wat] supplies s]v+ m ?an   
#aaj million individuals 9 ! ,unit$     

,/ates4  7#ad7 7,a7 ,millions (         
individuals 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates enjoy     
recreational activities t dep5d on      
protect$ wat] res\rces1 includ+ /reams &
 wetl&s1 su* z wat]f[l hunt+1 bird      
wat*+1 fi%+1 paddl+1 & photography4     
7,b7 ,^? activities & associat$ travel  
g5]ate hundr$s ( billions ( doll>s (    
income ea* ye> = ! travel1 t\rism1      
recreation1 & sport+ sectors ( ! economy
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#ae7 ,regionally  
specific protect$ wat] res\rces1 su* z  
prairie po?oles 9 ! upp] ,midwe/]n      
prairies1 pocos9s 9 ! ,atlantic coa/al  
pla91 playa lakes 9 ! s\!rn ,high       
,pla9s1 & ,c>ol9a & ,delm>va bays along 
! ea/]n coa/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 provide 
unique & critical b5efits to _! surr\nd+
 regions1 includ+ su/a9able wat] quality
 & availability1 gr\ndwat] re*>ge1      
wildlife habitat1 & ecological b5efits4 
7#af7 ,activities t result 9 ! dis*>ge (
 pollutants into ! ,nation's protect$   
wat] res\rces1 includ+ ?r\gh dr$g+ &    
fill+1 are comm]cial or economic 9      

nature1 &1 9 ! aggregate1 h a sub/antial
 effect on int]/ate comm]ce4  7#ag7     
,re/or+ & ma9ta9+ ! quality (1 &        
regulat+ activities affect+1 ! ,nation's
 protect$ wat] res\rces is ess5tial to  
fulfill+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates treaty         
obligations4  7#ah7 ,re/or+ & ma9ta9+   
wetl&s & o!r protect$ wat] res\rces is  
ess5tial to ,nor? ,am]ican wildlife1    
hunt]s1 & angl]s4  7#ai7 ,re/or+ &      
ma9ta9+ ! quality (1 & regulat+         
activities affect+1 ! ,nation's protect$
 wat] res\rces is necess>y to protect   
,f$]al l& & wat]s f degradation4  #d4   
,protect$ wat] res\rces  7a7 ,def9itions
 ,section #ejb ( ! ,f$]al ,wat]         
,pollution ,control ,act 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 
#acfb7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by am5d+ p>agraph
 7#g7 to read z foll[s3  7#g7 ,protect$ 
wat] res\rces  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m     
protect$ wat] res\rces means all wat]s  
subject to ! ebb & fl[ ( ! tide1 !      
t]ritorial seas1 & all int]/ate &       
intra/ate wat]s 7& _! tribut>ies71      
includ+ lakes1 riv]s1 /reams 7includ+   

int]mitt5t & ephem]al /reams71 wetl&s1 &
 all imp\ndm5ts ( ! =ego+1 to ! fulle/  
ext5t t ^! wat]s are subject to !       
legislative p[] ( ,congress "u !        
,con/itution4  7,b7 ,exclusions ,! t]m  
protect$ wat] res\rces does n include-- 
7i7 any category ( wat] body or feature 
li/$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#h7 (      
section #abj4b7;b7 ( title #dj1 ,code ( 
,f$]al ,regulations1 z 9 effect on ,m>* 
#bj1 #bjbc2 or  7ii7 any o!r category ( 
wat] body or feature exclud$ by !       
,adm9i/rator 9 accordance ) subp>agraph 
7,c74  7,c7 ,review & modifications  7i7
 ,review requir$ ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft]
 ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,clean ,wat] ,act
 ( #bjbc1 & p]iodically !reaft]1 !      
,adm9i/rator %all1 by rule1 review !    
categories ( wat] body or feature       
exclud$ "u subp>agraph 7,b7 to det]m9e1 
bas$ on ! be/ available sci5tific       
evid5ce1 :e!r ! implem5tation ( su*     
exclusions1 or any individual exclusion1
 has a significant cumulative adv]se    
effect on-- 7,i7 ! *emical1 physical1 or

 biological integrity (-- 7aa7 ! wat]s  
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a72 or  7bb7   
surface wat]s1 o!r ?an ^? describ$ 9    
subp>agraph 7,a71 t are s\rces ( wat] = 
public wat] sy/ems1 z su* t]m is def9$ 9
 section #adja ( ! ,safe ,dr9k+ ,wat]   
,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #cjj;f72  7,,ii7    
environm5tal ju/ice communities2 or     
7,,iii7 wat] res\rces describ$ 9 section
 #eah7;e77#b74  7ii7 ,modifications &   
removal ,if ! ,adm9i/rator det]m9es "u  
clause 7i7 t ! implem5tation ( !        
exclusions1 or any individual exclusion1
 "u subp>agraph 7,b7 has a significant  
adv]se effect describ$ 9 clause 7i71 !  
,adm9i/rator %all1 by rule & concurr5t )
 su* det]m9ation-- 7,i7 modify !        
category ( wat] body or feature s       
exclud$ to ensure t1 bas$ on ! be/      
available sci5tific evid5ce1 !          
implem5tation ( su* category w n h a    
significant cumulative adv]se effect    
describ$ 9 clause 7i72 or  7,,ii7 remove
 su* category4  7iii7 ,additional       
exclusions ,! ,adm9i/rator may1 by rule1

 exclude an additional category ( wat]  
body or feature "u subp>agraph 7,b7 if !
 ,adm9i/rator det]m9es1 bas$ on ! be/   
available sci5tific evid5ce1 t !        
implem5tation ( su* additional exclusion
 w n h a significant cumulative adv]se  
effect describ$ 9 clause 7i74  2 &  7#b7
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#bh7      
,wetl&s ,! t]m wetl&s means ^? areas t  
are inundat$ or saturat$ by surface or  
gr\nd wat] at a frequ5cy & duration     
suffici5t to support1 & t "u normal     
circum/ances d support1 a preval5ce (   
vegetation typically adapt$ = life 9    
saturat$ soil conditions4  4  7b7       
,con=m+ am5dm5ts  7#a7 ,f$]al ,wat]     
,pollution ,control ,act ,! ,f$]al ,wat]
 ,pollution ,control ,act 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4
 #abea et seq47 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9       
sections #aja1 #ajb1 #ajd1 #ajf1 #bjh1  
#cja1 #cjb1 #cjc1 #cjd1 #cai1 #dja1     
#djd1 #dje1 & #eaa7;c71 by /rik+        
navigable wat]s ea* place x appe>s &    
ins]t+ protect$ wat] res\rces2  7,b7 9  
section #cjc7;c7-- 7i7 9 p>agraph       

7#b77;,a71 by /rik+ su* wat]s & ins]t+  
su* protect$ wat] res\rces2 &  7ii7 9   
p>agraph 7#d77;,a71 by /rik+ su* wat]s &
 ins]t+ su* protect$ wat] res\rces2     
7,c7 9 section #cjd7l77#a7 by /rik+     
navigable wat]s 9 ! head+ & ins]t+      
protect$ wat] res\rces2  7,d7 9 section 
#cje-- 7i7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+   
navigable wat]s ea* place x appe>s &    
ins]t+ protect$ wat] res\rces2 &  7ii7 9
 subsection 7b77#a7-- 7,i7 9 subp>agraph
 7,a71 by /rik+ navigable wat]s & ins]t+
 protect$ wat] res\rces2 &  7,,ii7 9    
subp>agraph 7,b71 by /rik+ navigable    
wat]s ( & ins]t+ protect$ wat] res\rces 
92  7,e7 9 section #caa-- 7i7 9         
subsections 7a77#aa71 7b71 & 7m71 by    
/rik+ navigable wat]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
ea* place x appe>s & ins]t+ protect$    
wat] res\rces2 &  7ii7 9 subsections 7c7
 & 7j71 by /rik+ navigable wat]s ea*    
place x appe>s & ins]t+ protect$ wat]   
res\rces2  7,f7 9 section #cab-- 7i7 9  
subsections 7a7 & 7b71 by /rik+         
navigable wat]s ea* place x appe>s &    

ins]t+ protect$ wat] res\rces2 &  7ii7 9
 subsections 7h71 7l71 & 7n71 by /rik+  
navigable wat]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ea*   
place x appe>s & ins]t+ protect$ wat]   
res\rces2  7,g7 9 section #cai1 by /rik+
 su* wat]s ea* place x appe>s & ins]t+  
su* protect$ wat] res\rces2  7,h7 9     
section #djb-- 7i7 9 subsection 7a77#d71
 by /rik+ into ! navigable wat]s2  7ii7 
9 subsections 7b71 7g71 & 7n77#a71 by   
/rik+ navigable wat]s ea* place x appe>s
 & ins]t+ protect$ wat] res\rces2 &     
7iii7 9 subsection 7n77#b71 by /rik+    
navigable wat]s ( & ins]t+ protect$ wat]
 res\rces 92  7,i7 9 section #djd-- 7i7 
9 subsection 7f77#b71 by /rik+ su* wat]s
 & ins]t+ su* protect$ wat] res\rces2 & 
7ii7 9 subsection 7g77#a7-- 7,i7 by     
/rik+ ^? wat]s & ins]t+ ^? protect$ wat]
 res\rces2 &  7,,ii7 by /rik+ all wat]s 
& ins]t+ all protect$ wat] res\rces2    
7,j7 9 p>agraphs 7#aa7 & 7#ab7 ( section
 #ejb1 by /rik+ navigable wat]s ea*     
place x appe>s & ins]t+ protect$ wat]   
res\rces2 &  7,k7 9 section #eaa7;b71 by

 ins]t+ z dis*>ges ( pollutants into    
protect$ wat] res\rces aft] %all be     
regulat$4  7#b7 ,oil ,pollution ,act (  
#aiij ,section #ajja7ba7 ( ! ,oil       
,pollution ,act ( #aiij 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4  
#bgja7ba77 is am5d$ by /rik+ wat]s ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates1 includ+ ! t]ritorial sea 
& ins]t+ protect$ wat] res\rces 7z def9$
 9 section #ejb ( ! ,f$]al ,wat]        
,pollution ,control ,act74