,i  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #ebcf  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,augu/ #ah1 #bjbc ,mr4
 ,davis ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a 7= himself &    
,ms4 ,adams7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2   
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,natural
 ,res\rces  ,a ,,bill  ,to ext5d ! full 
measure ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t-to-gov]nm5t
 relation%ip betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! 
,haliwa ,saponi ,tribe ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a4 
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,haliwa ,saponi ,indian ,tribe ( ,nor?
 ,c>ol9a ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress    
f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,! ,haliwa ,saponi 
,indian ,tribe ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a is a     
conf$]at$ ,tribe t is a political       
successor to ! hi/orical ,saponi ,nation
 & to ! ,nansemond & affiliat$ ,tribes t
 inhabit$ ! ,pi$mont & coa/al regions ( 
:at are n[ ,virg9ia & ,nor? ,c>ol9a4    
7#b7 ,haliwa is a geographical          
designation t is d]iv$ f ! physical     
location ( ! ,tribe1 :i* is prim>ily 9  
,halifax & ,w>r5 ,c\nties1 ,nor?        
,c>ol9a4  7#c7 ,9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 9      

#agcc1 ! ,saponi ,nation made peace ) ! 
,tusc>ora & mov$ to a portion ( !       
,tusc>ora res]vation 9 mod]n ,b]tie     
,c\nty1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 occupy+ a village
 kn[n z ,sapona ,t[n4  7#d7 ,9 #aged1   
,capta9 ,william ,hur/ obs]v$ ! resid5ce
 ( ,saponi w>riors & _m wom5 & *ildr5 on
 ,colonel ,william ,eaton's l&s 9 !     
,granville ,di/rict 7mod]n ,b]tie1      
,granville1 ,w>r51 & ,vance ,c\nties1   
,nor? ,c>ol9a74  7#e7 ,9 #agfa1 !       
,saponi ,indians 7 liv+ on #aj1jjj acres
 ( l& 9 ! ,granville ,di/rict on & ne> !
 ,roanoke ,riv] along ) ! ,meh]r9 &     
,tusc>ora4  7#f7 ,9 ,virg9ia1 z         
ackn[l$g$ by ,congress 9 ! ,?omas9a ,e4 
,jordan ,indian ,tribes ( ,virg9ia      
,f$]al ,recognition ,act ( #bjag        
7,public ,law #aae-aba2 #acb ,/at4 #ei  
et seq471 !re 7 two sections ( !        
,nansemond ,tribe1 "o ( :i* rema9$ 9    
,virg9ia & 0 accord$ ,f$]al recognition 
9 #bjah concurr5tly ) five o!r ,tribes  
/ill resid5t 9 ,virg9ia by t same       
/atute4  7#g7 ,ano!r section ( !        

,nansemond ,tribe _h migrat$ to ,nor?   
,c>ol9a due to ho/ilities 9 ,virg9ia1 & 
today enroll$ citiz5s ( ! ,haliwa       
,saponi ,indian ,tribe include l9eal    
desc5dants ( ^? ,nansemond4  7#h7 ,aft] 
! ,am]ican ,revolution 7#agge-aghc71 !  
,nansemond & ,saponi m]g$ toge!r =      
mutual protection & survival 9 ,halifax1
 ,w>r51 ,na%1 & ,frankl9 ,c\nties1 9 an 
area kn[n z ,! ,mead[s4  7#i7 ,among !  
surr\nd+ communities1 ! ,haliwa ,saponi 
,indian ,tribe has (t5 be5 ref]r$ to z !
 ,mead[s ,indians4  7#aj7 ,9 #ahhi1     
,w>r5 ,c\nty1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a resid5t     
,g4,b4 ,al/on wrote to ! ,smi?sonian    
,in/itution an?ropologi/ ,james ,mooney 
& confirm$ ! resid5ce ( a ,tribe (      
#cjj-fjj ,indians 9 ! ,mead[s 9 ,halifax
 & ,w>r5 ,c\nties4  7#aa7 ,! ,tribe has 
cont9ually exi/$ z a sep>ate community1 
) lead]s exhibit+ cle> political        
au?ority4  7#ab7 ,:ile local            
non-,indians recogniz$ ! ,indian &      
,tribal id5tity ( ! ,haliwa ,saponi1    
o!rs insi/$ on classify+ ,tribal citiz5s

 z color$ r ?an ,indian1 due to         
segregation4  7#ac7 ,dur+ ! era ( s*ool 
segregation1 ! ,tribe op5$ its own      
s*ool1 ! ,haliwa ,indian ,s*ool1 op]at$ 
) ! ,tribe's own funds4  7#ad7 ,s9ce    
#aieg ! ,/ate ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a has _h    
cont9u\s deal+s ) ! recogniz$ political 
lead]s ( ! ,haliwa ,saponi4  7#ae7 ,9   
#aieg1 ! ,tribe op5$ ! ,haliwa ,indian  
,s*ool4  7#af7 ,betwe5 #aifj & #aifc1   
/ud5ts f ! ,haliwa ,saponi ,indian      
,tribe att5d$ ,bacone ,college =        
,indians 9 ,muscogee1 ,oklahoma4  7#ag7 
,9 #aife1 ! ,haliwa ,saponi ,indian     
,tribe won a lawsuit aga9/ ! ,nor?      
,c>ol9a ,division ( ,vital ,/ati/ics to 
correct ! race ( ,haliwa ,saponi citiz5s
 on (ficial records to read ,indian4    
7#ah7 ,9 #aife ! ,/ate ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a  
took =mal legislative action recogniz+ !
 ,haliwa ,saponi ,indian ,tribe4  7#ai7 
,! ,unit$ ,/ates has be5 provid+ ,f$]al 
fund+ to ! ,tribe f ! ,dep>tm5t (       
,education's ,(fice ( ,indian ,education
 = half a c5tury4  7#bj7 ,! ,unit$      

,/ates has be5 provid+ ,f$]al fund+ to !
 ,tribe = h\s+ & relat$ infra/ructure   
developm5t f ! ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,h\s+ 
& ,urban ,developm5t pursuant to !      
,f$]al ,native ,am]ican ,h\s+ &         
,self-,det]m9ation ,act = #be ye>s4     
7#ba7 ,9 #bjjj1 ! ,tribe op5$ ! ,haliwa 
,saponi ,tribal ,s*ool1 a *>t] s*ool "u 
! ,/ate ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 at ! location (
 ! orig9al ,haliwa ,indian ,s*ool1 & !  
s*ool curr5tly receives ,f$]al funds f !
 ,dep>tm5t ( ,education1 ,(fice (       
,indian ,education = ,haliwa ,saponi    
,indian /ud5ts4  #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is 
,act3  7#a7 ,memb] ,! t]m ,memb] means a
 memb] ( ! ,haliwa-,saponi ,indian      
,tribe ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a4  7#b7 ,secret>y 
,! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( !  
,int]ior4  7#c7 ,tribe ,! t]m ,tribe    
means ! ,haliwa ,saponi ,tribe ( ,nor?  
,c>ol9a4  #d4 ,ext5sion ( full ,f$]al   
,gov]nm5t-to-gov]nm5t relations ,!      
,unit$ ,/ates h]eby ext5ds to ! ,haliwa 
,saponi ,indian ,tribe ! full measure ( 
! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t-to-gov]nm5t          

relation%ip to make all laws 7includ+   
regulations7 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( g5]al  
applicability to ,indians or nations1   
,indian ,tribes1 or b&s ( ,indians      
7includ+ ! ,act ( ,june #ah1 #aicd 7#be 
,u4,s4,c4 #eaja et seq477 t are n       
inconsi/5t ) ?is ,act applicable to !   
,tribe & ,tribal memb]s4  #e4 ,f$]al    
s]vices & b5efit  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,tribe
 & its memb]s %all be eligible = all    
s]vices & b5efits provid$ by ! ,f$]al   
,gov]nm5t to f$]ally recogniz$ ,indian  
,tribes )\t reg>d to ! exi/5ce ( a      
res]vation = ! ,tribe1 includ+ s]vices &
 b5efits "u ! ,act ( ,june #ah1 #aicd   
7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #eaja et seq474  7b7     
,s]vice area ,= ! purpose ( ! deliv]y ( 
,f$]al s]vices & b5efits to memb]s1 !   
s]vice area ( ! ,tribe %all include     
,halifax1 ,w>r51 ,na%1 ,frankl91 ,vance1
 & ,granville c\nties 9 ! ,/ate ( ,nor? 
,c>ol9a4  7c7 ,s]vice population ,=     
purpose ( ! deliv]y ( ,f$]al s]vices &  
b5efits describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 !    
,tribal roll 9 effect on ! date (       

enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all1 subject to    
v]ification by ! ,secret>y1 def9e !     
s]vice population ( ! ,tribe4  7d7      
,roll2 gov]n+ docum5ts ,! memb]%ip roll 
& gov]nm5t docum5ts ( ! ,tribe %all be !
 mo/ rec5t memb]%ip roll & gov]n+       
docum5ts1 respectively1 submitt$ by !   
,tribe to ! ,secret>y be=e ! date (     
enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  #f4 ,au?orization 
to take l& into tru/ ,not)/&+ any o!r   
provision ( law1 ! ,secret>y is au?oriz$
 to take l& into tru/ = ! b5efit ( !    
,tribe & proclaim a res]vation = !      
,tribe pursuant to ! au?orities grant$  
to ! ,secret>y 9 ! ,act ( ,june #ah1    
#aicd 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #eaja et seq471 &  
l&s acquir$ 9 tru/ = ! ,tribe & includ$ 
9 ! fir/ res]vation proclamation = !    
,tribe %all be treat$ z an initial      
res]vation t meets ! requirem5ts (      
,public ,law #ajj-dig1 section          
#bj7;b77#a77;,b77ii74