,i  #aah? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #dhfd  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,july #be1 #bjbc,mr4  
,gaetz 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,gos>1 ,mr4     
,santos1 & ,mr4 ,biggs7 introduc$ !     
foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !          
,committee on ! ,judici>y  ,a ,,bill    
,to am5d ! ,immigration & ,nationality  
,act to cl>ify ! application ( bir?right
 citiz5%ip1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort
 title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,end   
,bir?right ,citiz5%ip ,fraud ,act (     
#bjbc4  #b4 ,purpose ,! purpose ( ?is   
,act is to recognize ! pr9ciple ( limit$
 jus soli convey$ 9 ! #ad? ,am5dm5t &   
codifi$ 9 ! ,immigration & ,nationality 
,act ?r\gh ! /atem5t1 subject to !      
jurisdiction !re(1 & re=m ,unit$ ,/ates 
immigration law to be consi/5t ) !      
/atem5t's orig9al mean+ by d5y+         
automatic citiz5%ip at bir? to *ildr5   
born 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to p>5ts :o are n
 ,unit$ ,/ates nationals1 ali5s lawfully
 admitt$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates z refugees1 
ali5s lawfully admitt$ = p]man5t        

resid5ce1 or ali5s p]=m+ active s]vice 9
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces4  #c4      
,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7    
,naturalization is an exclusive p[] (   
,congress1 z /at$ 9 article ,i1 section 
#h1 clause #d ( ! ,con/itution1 ,!      
,congress %\ld h p[] ''' ,to e/abli% an 
uni=m ,rule ( ,naturalization '''4  7#b7
 ,! phrase subject to ! jurisdiction    
!re( z /at$ 9 ! ,immigration &          
,nationality ,act1 ref]5ces ! same      
/atem5t f\nd 9 section #a ( ! #ad?      
,am5dm5t1 & c>ries ! same mean+4  7#c7  
,! phrase subject to ! jurisdiction !re(
 is a legal t]m ( art1 d]iv$ f concepts 
relat$ to a limit$ jus soli1 & und]/ood 
by ! draft]s ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t to h its 
basis 9 ,engli% common law1 :i* 9 turn  
has its basis 9 ,roman law4  7#d7       
,b>tolus de ,sax(]rato1 a #ad?-c5tury   
,italian & "o ( ! fir/ legal s*ol>s to  
/udy ! ,roman concept ( ! acquisition ( 
citiz5%ip1 civilitas civilatis1 z d$uc$ 
f ! ,corpus ,juris ,civilis1 det]m9$ t a
 ,roman citiz5 by bir?1 civis ab orig9e1

 0 "o :o _h be5 born )9 ! t]ritory ( !  
/ate & to at lea/ "o p>5t :o 0 already a
 citiz5 ( ! /ate4  7#e7 ,9 ! e>lie/ kn[n
 case to articulate jus soli 9 ,engl&1  
,calv9 v4 ,smi? 7,calv9's ,case71 x 0   
agre$ t ! /atuses ( subject & ali5 7    
det]m9$ by :e!r a p]son 0 born ow+      
allegiance to ! sov]eign1 z indicat$ by 
! ,lat9 phrase ad fidem regis4  7#f7    
,sir ,edw>d ,coke1 "o ( ! judges decid+ 
,calv9's ,case1 extrapolat$ "o exception
 to jus soli1 writ+1 ,b if enemies %\ld 
come into any ( ! ,k+'s dom9ions1 &     
surprise any ca/le or =t1 & possess !   
same by ho/ility1 & h issue !re1 t issue
 is no subject to ! ,k+1 ?\gh he be born
 )9 8 dom9ions1 = t he 0 n born "u !    
,k+'s ligeance or ob$i5ce4 ,b ! "t ( 8  
bir? u ( ! ess5ce ( a subject born2 = he
 _c be a subject to ! ,k+ ( ,engl&1     
unless at ! "t ( 8 bir? he 0 "u !       
ligeance & ob$i5ce ( ! ,k+44  7#g7 ,:e!r
 a p]son at bir? is "u ! ligeance &     
ob$i5ce to ! sov]eign is n det]m9$ by   
:e!r 8 =eign p>5t is subject to !       

t]ritorial jurisdiction ( prosecution1 z
 any =eign enemy1 m>aud] or b&it1 w\ld  
be subject to ! law ( ! l& :5 captur$1  
b1 in/ead1 :e!r 8 p>5t is pres5t 9 !    
t]ritory lawfully & p]man5tly1 n only   
volunt>ily avail+ himself to !          
jurisdiction !re(1 b do+ s ) ! cons5t ( 
! sov]eign4  7#h7 ,s5ator ,h[>d1 :5     
propos+ language to be includ$ 9 ! #ad? 
,am5dm5t & mak+ ref]5ce to ,engli%      
common law exceptions1 cl>ifi$ 8 int5t t
 citiz5%ip %\ld n be convey$ to ev]yone 
born or pres5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :5 he 
/at$1 ,?is w n1 ( c\rse1 include p]sons 
born 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o are =eign]s1  
ali5s1 :o belong to ! families (        
ambassadors or =eign m9i/]s accr$it$ to 
! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b w      
include e o!r class ( p]sons4  7#i7     
,s5ator ,lyman ,trumbull1 a key figure 9
 ! adoption ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t1 said t   
subject to ! jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates meant n ow+ allegiance to any o!r
 c\ntry4  7#aj7 ,ow+ allegiance to !    
,unit$ ,/ates & be+ subject to its      

complete jurisdiction means be+ n       
subject to any =eign p[] & excludes ^?  
only tempor>ily pres5t 9 ! c\ntry :e!r  
lawfully or unlawfully4  7#aa7 ,! #ad?  
,am5dm5t's fram]s int5d$ to give        
citiz5%ip only to ^? :o ow$ _!          
allegiance to ! ,unit$ ,/ates & 7       
subject to its complete jurisdiction1   
prim>ily ! newly fre$ slaves1 :o 7      
lawful p]man5t resid5ts4  7#ab7 ,! #ahff
 ,civil ,rights ,act fur!r cl>ifi$ t !  
#ad? ,am5dm5t did n apply to tempor>y   
visitors or ^? :o rema9$ ! citiz5 or    
subject ( a p>5t's home c\ntry :5 x     
/at$1 ,all p]sons born or naturaliz$ 9 !
 ,unit$ ,/ates1 & n subject to any =eign
 p[]1 exclud+ ,indians n tax$1 are h]eby
 decl>$ to be citiz5s ( ! ,unit$        
,/ates44  7#ac7 ,am]ican ,indians & _!  
*ildr5 did n become citiz5s until       
,congress pass$ ! ,indian ,citiz5%ip    
,act ( #aibd1 :i* w\ld h be5 r$undant if
 ! #ad? ,am5dm5t ext5d$ citiz5%ip to e  
p]son born 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 no matt]  
:at ! circum/ances ( _! bir? or p>5tage4

  7#ad7 ,s9ce ! inception ( ! #ad?      
,am5dm5t1 ! ,supreme ,c\rt has nev]     
int]pret$ ! #ad? ,am5dm5t to ext5d      
bir?right citiz5%ip to ! *ildr5 ( any   
class ( individuals :o are n citiz5s    
!mselves1 or lawful p]man5t resid5ts4   
7#ae7 ,congressional int5t & und]/&+ (  
its ability to legislate naturalization 
)9 ! orig9al public mean+ ( ! #ad?      
,am5dm5t is cle> & app>5t z evid5c$ by  
legislation4  7#af7 ,! curr5t concept ( 
unqualifi$ bir?right citiz5%ip is       
inconsi/5t ) ! hi/ory & mean+ ( ! #ad?  
,am5dm5t & has be5 grant$ f> too broadly
 9 rec5t decades1 enabl+ fraud &        
civilizational alt]+ levels (           
immigration spurr$ by p]sons :o h       
illegally cross$ our bord]s to obta9    
citiz5%ip = _! *ildr5 "u !              
mis9t]pretation ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t4      
7#ag7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates is "o ( two      
develop$ nations t curr5tly grants      
automatic citiz5%ip s expansively to    
*ildr5 born )9 its bord]s4  7#ah7       
,unqualifi$ bir?right citiz5%ip provides

 a /rong inc5tive = illegal immigrants  
to cross ! s\!rn bord] ( ! ,unit$       
,/ates4 ,:5 _! *ild is born on ,unit$   
,/ates soil1 ! family c return to _!    
home c\ntry1 & #ba ye>s lat]1 ! family  
may return z a "p ( *a9 migration n     
subject to ! num]ical limitations by :i*
 we control mo/ int]national migration4 
7#ai7 ,illegal immigrants :o cross$ into
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to give bir?1 (t5      
return to ,mexico1 s5d+ _! *ildr5 across
 ! bord] daily to att5d ,am]ican public 
s*ools1 cr[d+ out ,am]ican /ud5ts & tak+
 advantage ( ,am]ican tax doll>s4  7#bj7
 ,appreh5sions ( p]sons attempt+ to ent]
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates illegally at ! s\!rn   
bord] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates surpass$        
#b1cjj1jjj 9 fiscal ye> #bjbb & has be5 
increas+ expon5tially s9ce #bjbj1 &     
/eadily s9ce #aihj4  7#ba7 ,millions (  
illegal immigrants h at lea/ "o *ild :o 
is deem$ a citiz5 "u ! errone\s         
int]pretation ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t4        
,e/imates %[ t mo/ *ildr5 ( unau?oriz$  
immigrants are citiz5s by bir?1 & !     

numb] has be5 increas+ expon5tially s9ce
 #bjjc4  7#bb7 ,unqualifi$ bir?right    
citiz5%ip has enabl$ an entire black    
m>ket4 ,e/imates %[ t bir? t\rism       
results 9 #cc1jjj bir?s to wom5 on t\ri/
 visas annually1 & hundr$s ( ?\s&s m are
 born to mo!rs :o are illegal ali5s or  
pres5t on tempor>y visas1 _m ( :om h    
misrepres5t$ ! purpose ( _! trip to     
avoid scrut9y4  7#bc7 ,! bir? t\rism    
indu/ry is rampant 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates    
t]ritories1 ) m annual bir?s to =eign   
visitors ?an native resid5ts 9 !        
,commonweal? ( ! ,nor!rn ,m>ianas       
,isl&s4  7#bd7 ,! ,gov]nm5t             
,acc\ntability ,(fice has f\nd ! fiscal 
impact ( provid+ public b5efits to      
illegal ali5s1 not+ t-- 7,a7 illegal    
ali5s & _! ,unit$ ,/ates *ildr5 are     
eligible to receive em]g5cy ,m$icaid    
s]vices1 prim>y & second>y education1   
s*ool nutrition s]vices1 ,aid to        
,families ) ,dep5d5t ,*ildr5 7,,afdc71 &
 food /amp b5efits2  7,b7 co/ data are n
 readily available because illegal ali5s

 are n requir$ to reveal _! eligibility 
to receive c]ta9 b5efits1 & (ficials are
 (t5 prohibit$ f inquir+ ab\t ! /atus ( 
illegal ali5s2  7,c7 ! total co/s (     
provid+ b5efits to illegal ali5s is     
unkn[n due to ,f$]al & ,/ate co/ data   
limitations2  7,d7 ! e/imat$ co/ (      
provid+ ,,afdc b5efits to *ildr5 (      
illegal ali5s 0 #dgi1jjj1jjj = #aiib2   
7,e7 ( ! #e ,/ates t acc\nt = ab\t #hj  
p]c5t ( ! illegal immigrant population1 
,cali=nia provid$ ! mo/ b5efits total+  
#b1ijj1jjj1jjj2  7,f7 ! co/ ( provid+   
b5efits to illegal ali5s is expect$ to  
increase "s program co/s2 &  7,g7 !     
complete fiscal impact ( provid+ b5efits
 to illegal ali5s _c be det]m9$1 s9ce   
gov]nm5t rev5ues attributable to illegal
 ali5s are unkn[n4  #d4 ,cl>ification ( 
bir?right citiz5%ip ,section #aja ( !   
,immigration & ,nationality ,act 7#h    
,u4,s4,c4 #aaja7 is am5d$ by add+ at !  
end ! foll[+3  7j7 ,= purposes ( section
 #cja7;a71 ! t]m subject to !           
jurisdiction !re( means1 ) respect to a 

p]son born 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t ! p]son 
0 born to a p>5t :o is1 at ! "t ( !     
p]son's bir?-- 7#a7 a national ( !      
,unit$ ,/ates2  7#b7 a refugee2  7#c7 an
 ali5 lawfully admitt$ = p]man5t        
resid5ce2 or  7#d7 an ali5 p]=m+ active 
s]vice 9 ! arm$ =ces 7z def9$ 9 section 
#aja ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code74 
4  #e4 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made 
by ?is ,act %all apply to p]sons born on
 or aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4