,,iii  #aag? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  
,s4 ,,res4 #fic  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,june #bc1 #bjbb ,mr4 
,book] 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,br[n1 ,mr4     
,durb91 ,mrs4 ,fe9/e91 ,ms4 ,klobu*>1   
,mr4 ,m55dez1 ,mr4 ,van ,holl51 & ,mr4  
,oss(f7 submitt$ ! foll[+ resolution2   
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on !       
,judici>y  ,,resolution  ,recogniz+ !   
contributions ( ,african ,am]icans to ! 
musical h]itage ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & !   
ne$ = great] access to music education =
 ,african-,am]ican /ud5ts & designat+   
,june #bjbb z ,african-,am]ican ,music  
,appreciation ,mon?4  ,:]eas spirituals1
 ragtime1 blues1 jazz1 gospel1 classical
 composition1 & c\ntless o!r categories 
( music h be5 creat$ or enhanc$ by      
,african ,am]icans & are et*$ into !    
hi/ory & culture ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2     
,:]eas ! fir/ ,africans transport$ to ! 
,unit$ ,/ates came f a v>iety ( e?nic   
gr\ps ) a long hi/ory ( di/9ct &        
cultivat$ musical traditions1 br\ght    
musical in/rum5ts ) !m1 & built new     

musical in/rum5ts 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2    
,:]eas spirituals 7 a di/9ct response to
 ! conditions ( ,african slav]y 9 !     
,unit$ ,/ates & express$ ! long+ (      
slaves = spiritual & bodily fre$om1 =   
safety f h>m & evil1 & = relief f !     
h>d%ips ( slav]y2 ,:]eas jazz1 arguably 
! mo/ creative & complex music t !      
,unit$ ,/ates has produc$1 comb9es !    
musical traditions ( ,african ,am]icans 
9 ,new ,orleans ) ! creative flexibility
 ( blues music2 ,:]eas ma/]ful trumpet]s
 ,l\is ,arm/rong & ,miles ,davis a*iev$ 
national & int]national recognition ) ! 
success ( ,we/ ,end ,blues by ,l\is     
,arm/rong 9 ! #aibjs & ,s ,:at by ,miles
 ,davis 9 ! late #aiejs2 ,:]eas ,?omas  
,dorsey1 ! fa!r ( gospel music1 us$ 8   
compos+ tal5ts to m]ge sacr$ & secul>   
/yles t creat$ a revolution 9 music2    
,:]eas tal5t$ jazz piani/ & vocali/     
,na?aniel ,adams ,coles record$ m ?an   
#aej s+les & sold m ?an #ej1jjj1jjj     
records2 ,:]eas ! tal5t ( ,ella         
,fitzg]ald1 a w9n] ( #ac ,grammys1 is   

epitomiz$ by a r5dition ( 8,summ]time01 
a bluesy record accompani$ by melodic   
vocals2 ,:]eas ,natalie ,cole1 ! daught]
 ( ,na?aniel ,adams ,coles1 a*iev$      
musical success 9 ! mid-#aigjs z a rhy?m
 & blues arti/ ) ! hits ,?is ,w ,be &   
,un=gettable2 ,:]eas1 9 ! #aidjs1 bebop 
evolv$ ?r\gh jam sessions1 :i* includ$  
trumpet] ,dizzy ,gillespie & ! alto     
saxophoni/ ,*>lie ,p>k]1 t 7 held at    
clubs 9 ,h>lem1 ,new ,york1 su* z       
,m9ton's ,playh\se2 ,:]eas e>li]        
classical s+]s su* z ,elizabe? ,taylor  
,gre5field1 "o ( ! fir/ widely kn[n     
,african-,am]ican vocali/s1 & o!r e>ly  
,african-,am]ican s++ pione]s1 includ+  
,nellie ,mit*ell ,br[n1 ,m>ie ,selika   
,williams1 ,ra*el ,walk] ,turn]1 ,m>ian 
,&]son1 & ,flora ,batson ,b]g51 pav$ !  
way = ! female ,african-,am]ican conc]t 
s+]s :o h a*iev$ great popul>ity dur+ ! 
la/ #ej ye>s2 ,:]eas ! t]m rhy?m & blues
 orig9at$ 9 ! late #aidjs z a way to    
describe record+s m>ket$ to ,african    
,am]icans & replac$ ! t]m race music2   

,:]eas lyrical !mes 9 rhy?m & blues (t5 
encapsulate ! ,african-,am]ican exp]i5ce
 ( pa91 ! que/ = fre$om1 joy1 triumphs &
 failures1 relation%ips1 economics1 &   
aspiration & 7 popul>iz$ by arti/s su* z
 ,ray ,*>les1 ,ru? ,br[n1 ,etta ,james1 
& ,otis ,r$d+2 ,:]eas s\l music orig9at$
 9 ! ,african-,am]ican community 9 !    
late #aiejs & e>ly #aifjs1 comb9es      
elem5ts ( ,african-,am]ican gospel      
music1 rhy?m & blues1 & jazz1 & 0       
popul>iz$ by arti/s su* z ,are?a        
,frankl91 ,james ,br[n1 ,ray ,*>les1    
,sam ,cooke1 ,bill ,)]s1 & ,jackie      
,wilson2 ,:]eas ,mot[n1 f\nd$ z a record
 label 9 #aiei1 evolv$ into a di/9ctive 
/yle kn[n = ! ,mot[n ,s\nd1 a bl5d ( pop
 & s\l musical /yl+s made popul> by     
prom95t ,black arti/s su* z ,m>v9 ,gaye1
 ,james ,mason1 & ,m>y ,wells2 ,:]eas1 9
 ! e>ly #aigjs1 ! musical /yle ( disco  
em]g$ & 0 popul>iz$ by programs su* z   
,s\l ,tra9 & by arti/s su* z ,donna     
,summ]2 ,:]eas reggae is a g5re ( music 
t orig9at$ 9 ,jamaica 9 ! late #aifjs & 

incorporates "s ( ! musical elem5ts (   
rhy?m & blues1 jazz1 m5to1 calypso1 &   
,african music1 & 0 popul>iz$ by arti/s 
su* z ,bob ,m>ley2 ,:]eas rock & roll 0 
develop$ f ,african-,am]ican musical    
/yles su* z gospel & rhy?m & blues & 0  
popul>iz$ by arti/s su* z ,*uck ,b]ry1  
,bo ,diddley1 ,little ,ri*>d1 & ,jimi   
,h5drix2 ,:]eas rap1 arguably ! mo/     
complex & influ5tial =m ( hip-hop       
culture1 comb9es blues1 jazz1 & s\l &   
elem5ts ( ! ,african-,am]ican musical   
tradition ) ,c>ibbean calypso1 dub1 &   
dance hall reggae2 ,:]eas ! developm5t &
 popul>ity ( old-/yle rap comb9$        
confid5t beats ) wordplay & /orytell+1  
highlight+ ! /ruggle ( ,african-,am]ican
 y\? gr[+ up 9 und]res\rc$              
neighborhoods2 ,:]eas ,dayton1 ,ohio1   
kn[n z ! 8,l& ( ,funk01 help$ give rise 
to ! g5re ( funk z a mixture ( s\l1     
jazz1 & rhy?m & blues & popul>iz$ b&s   
su* z ! ,ohio ,play]s1 ,heatwave1 ,rog] 
& ,zapp1 & ,lakeside2 ,:]eas contempor>y
 rhy?m & blues1 :i* orig9at$ 9 ! late   

#aigjs & comb9es elem5ts ( pop1 rhy?m & 
blues1 s\l1 funk1 hip hop1 gospel1 &    
electronic dance music1 0 popul>iz$ by  
arti/s su* z ,:itney ,h\/on & ,aaliyah2 
,:]eas ,pr9ce ,rog]s ,nelson1 :o 0 kn[n 
= electric p]=mances & a wide vocal     
range1 pione]$ music t integrat$ a wide 
v>iety ( /yles1 includ+ funk1 rock1     
contempor>y rhy?m & blues1 new wave1    
s\l1 psy*$elia1 & pop2 ,:]eas !         
incr$ible ,billie ,holiday creat$ a     
cultural reset by record+ ,/range       
,fruit1 orig9ally a poem t depict$ lyn*+
 9 ! s\!rn ,unit$ ,/ates1 t became !    
fir/ prote/ song ( ! civil rights era2  
,:]eas ! tal5t$ jazz arti/ ,duke        
,ell+ton pu%$ b\nd>ies ) 8 hits ,x      
,don't ,mean a ,?+ if ,x ,a9't ,got ,t  
,sw+ & ,sophi/icat$ ,lady & receiv$ #ac 
,grammys z well z ! ,presid5tial ,gold  
,m$al2 ,:]eas ,si/] ,rosetta ,?>pe1 kn[n
 z ! ,godmo!r ( ,rock #8,n ,roll1 comb9$
 h] di/9ctive guit> /yle ) melodic blues
 & traditional gospel music t influ5c$ !
 likes ( ,are?a ,frankl9 & ,*uck ,b]ry2 

,:]eas trailblaz] ,flor5ce ,price is !  
fir/ not$ ,african-,am]ican female      
compos] to ga9 national /atus & ! fir/  
,african-,am]ican woman to h h] compos$ 
"w p]=m$ by a major national symphony   
or*e/ra2 ,:]eas ! classical s+] ,m>ian  
,&]son broke d[n racial b>ri]s by p]=m+ 
at ! ,l9coln ,memorial 9 #aici aft] be+ 
d5i$ to s+ 9 front ( an integrat$       
audi5ce at ! ,,d> ,con/itution ,hall 9  
,wa%+ton1 ,,dc2 ,:]eas c\ntry music s+] 
,*>ley ,pride 0 induct$ into ! ,c\ntry  
,music ,hall ( ,fame 9 #bjjj & has ov]  
#dj numb] #a c\ntry hits2 ,:]eas ,n9a   
,simone1 "o ( ! mo/ prom95t &           
extraord9>y s\l s+]s1 has music spann+  
ov] #d decades t has impact$ g5]ations )
 h] detail$ /ory tell+2 ,:]eas musician 
,bobby ,mc,ferrin br\ght joy to audi5ces
 ev]y:]e ) 8 sma% hit ,don't ,worry ,be 
,happy2 ,:]eas fam\s saxophone play]    
,john ,coltrane made 8 impact on g5res l
 bebop1 jazz1 & rhy?m & blues ?r\gh 8 "w
 su* z ,a ,love ,supreme2 ,:]eas musical
 =ce ,m>v9 ,gaye us$ 8 v]satility z an  

arti/ to produce hits l ,i ,he>d ,x     
,?r\gh ! ,grapev9e & ,a9't ,no ,m\nta9  
,high ,en\gh2 ,:]eas a rec5t /udy by !  
,dep>tm5t ( ,education f\nd t only #bh  
p]c5t ( ,african-,am]ican /ud5ts receive
 any k9d ( arts education2 ,:]eas       
,african-,am]ican /ud5ts scor$ ! l[e/ ( 
all e?nicities 9 ! mo/ rec5t ,national  
,assessm5t = ,educational ,progress arts
 assessm5t2 ,:]eas /ud5ts :o are        
eligible = ! s*ool lun* program e/abli%$
 "u ! ,ri*>d ,b4 ,russell ,national     
,s*ool ,lun* ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #agea  
et seq47 h significantly l[] scores on !
 music portion ( ! ,national ,assessm5t 
= ,educational ,progress arts assessm5t 
?an /ud5ts :o are ineligible = t        
program1 :i* sugge/s t /ud5ts 9         
l[-income families are disadvantag$ 9 ! 
subject ( music2 ,:]eas a rec5t /udy    
f\nd t-- 7#a7 ne>ly #b_/c ( music       
ensemble /ud5ts 7 ,:ite & middle class1 
& only #ae p]c5t ( ^? /ud5ts 7 ,african 
,am]ican2 &  7#b7 only #g p]c5t ( music 
tea*] lic5sure c&idates 7 ,african      

,am]ican2 & ,:]eas /ud5ts ( color face  
_m b>ri]s to access+ music education &  
tra9+1 especially /ud5ts 9 l>ge urban   
public s*ools3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x  ,t !   
,s5ate-- 7#a7 recognizes--  7,a7 !      
contributions ( ,african ,am]icans to ! 
musical h]itage ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7,b7
 ! wide array ( tal5t$ & popul>         
,african-,am]ican musical arti/s1       
compos]s1 songwrit]s1 & musicians :o are
 und]recogniz$ = contributions to music2
  7,c7 ! a*ievem5ts1 tal5t1 & h>d "w (  
,african-,am]ican pione] arti/s & !     
ob/acles t ^? arti/s ov]came to ga9     
recognition2  7,d7 ! ne$ =              
,african-,am]ican /ud5ts to h great]    
access to1 & p>ticipation 91 music      
education 9 s*ools across ! ,unit$      
,/ates2 &  7,e7 ,black ,hi/ory ,mon? &  
,african-,am]ican ,music ,appreciation  
,mon? z an important "t-- 7i7 to        
celebrate ! impact ( ! ,african-,am]ican
 musical h]itage on ! musical h]itage ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates2 &  7ii7 to enc\rage    
great] access to music education s t !  

next g5]ation may cont9ue to greatly    
contribute to ! musical h]itage ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates2 &  7#b7 designates ,june 
#bjbb z ,african-,am]ican ,music        
,appreciation ,mon?4