,,ii  #aag? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #ecji  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,decemb] #bj1 #bjbb,mr4
 ,padilla introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0
 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on 
! ,judici>y  ,a ,,bill  ,to prohibit a  
,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] f us+ le?al   
=ce or less le?al =ce unless su* =ce is 
necess>y1 to enc\rage ,/ates to adopt   
simil> laws or policies1 & = o!r        
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,police ,ex]cis+ ,absolute 
,c>e ) ,ev]yone ,act ( #bjbb or !       
,,peace ,act ( #bjbb4  #b4 ,use ( =ce by
 ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic]s  7a7        
,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7        
,deescalation tactics & te*niques ,! t]m
 deescalation tactics & te*niques means 
proactive actions & approa*es us$ by a  
,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] to /abilize a 
situation1 tak+ z mu* "t z appropriate1 
)\t us+ physical =ce or ! ?reat (       
physical =ce1 s t m options & res\rces  
are available to ga9 ! volunt>y         
compliance ( an individual & r$uce or   

elim9ate ! ne$ to use =ce1 includ+ v]bal
 p]suasion1 w>n+s1 tactical te*niques1  
sl[+ d[n ! pace ( an incid5t1 wait+ out 
a subject1 creat+ di/ance betwe5 ! (fic]
 & ! ?reat1 & reque/+ additional        
res\rces to resolve an incid5t4  7#b7   
,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] ,! t]m ,f$]al 
law en=cem5t (fic] has ! mean+ giv5 su* 
t]m 9 section #aae ( title #ah1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,code4  7#c7 ,imm95t ?reat ,! t]m
 imm95t ?reat-- 7,a7 means-- 7i7 an     
individual creat+ a risk ( h>m to o!rs )
 ! pres5t ability1 opportunity1 & app>5t
 int5t to imm$iately cause ! h>m t is   
?reat5$2 &  7ii7 a risk t1 bas$ on !    
in=mation available at ! "t1 mu/ be     
imm$iately confront$ & address$2 &  7,b7
 does n include m]ely a fe> ( future    
h>m4  7#d7 ,less le?al =ce2 le?al =ce ,!
 t]ms less le?al =ce & le?al =ce h !    
mean+s giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #aabc (   
title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$  
by ?is section4  7#e7 ,necess>y ,! t]m  
necess>y1 ) respect to a use ( =ce1     
means t a reasonable ,f$]al law en=cem5t

 (fic] w\ld objectively conclude1 "u !  
totality ( ! circum/ances1 t !re 0 no   
reasonable1 less h>mful alt]native to ! 
=ce ! ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] us$4    
7#f7 ,proportional ,! t]m proportional1 
) respect to a use ( =ce1 means !       
pot5tial h>m likely to be caus$ ?r\gh ! 
=ce us$ by a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic]  
does n outweigh ! b5efit to be ga9$     
?r\gh a*iev+ ! direct & legitimate law  
en=cem5t objective4  7#g7 ,reasonable   
alt]natives ,! t]m reasonable           
alt]natives means tactics & me?ods us$  
by a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] to       
effectuate an arre/ t d n unreasonably  
increase ! risk pos$ to ! law en=cem5t  
(fic] or ano!r individual1 includ+ v]bal
 communication1 di/ance1 w>n+s1         
deescalation tactics & te*niques1       
tactical reposition+1 & o!r tactics &   
te*niques int5d$ to /abilize a situation
 & r$uce ! imm$iacy ( a risk s t m "t1  
options1 & res\rces c be call$ ^u to    
resolve a situation )\t ! use ( =ce4    
7#h7 ,totality ( ! circum/ances ,! t]m  

totality ( ! circum/ances means all     
cr$ible facts kn[n to ! ,f$]al law      
en=cem5t (fic] lead+ up to & at ! "t ( !
 use ( =ce1 includ+ ! actions ( !       
individual aga9/ :om ! ,f$]al law       
en=cem5t (fic] uses su* =ce & ! actions 
( ! ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic]4  7b7     
,prohibition on less le?al =ce  7#a7 ,9 
g5]al ,a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] may n
 use any less le?al =ce unless su* =ce--
 7,a7 is ! lea/ am\nt ( =ce t is        
necess>y & proportional-- 7i7 9 ord] to 
prev5t an imm95t ?reat ( physical injury
 to ! ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] or ano!r
 individual2 or  7ii7 to effectuate an  
arre/ ( an individual :om ! ,f$]al law  
en=cem5t (fic] has probable cause to    
believe has committ$ a crim9al (f5se2 & 
7,b7 is us$ only aft] available &       
reasonable alt]natives to ! use ( less  
le?al =ce h be5 exhau/$4  7#b7          
,requirem5t to r$uce & cease ! use ( =ce
 ,) respect to ! use ( any less le?al   
=ce1 a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] %all-- 
7,a7 imm$iately r$uce su* =ce z ! ?reat 

dim9i%es2 &  7,b7 cease ! use ( su* =ce 
z soon z-- 7i7 ! individual on :om ! =ce
 is us$ is "u ! control ( ! ,f$]al law  
en=cem5t (fic] or no long] poses a ?reat
 ( physical injury to ano!r individual2 
or  7ii7 ! ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic]    
det]m9es t =ce w no long] accompli%1 or 
is no long] necess>y to accompli%1 a    
legitimate law en=cem5t objective4  7c7 
,prohibition on use ( le?al =ce  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] may 
n use le?al =ce aga9/ an individual     
unless-- 7,a7 su* =ce is necess>y &     
proportional z a la/ resort to prev5t   
imm95t & s]i\s bodily injury or dea? to 
! ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] or ano!r    
individual2  7,b7 ! use ( su* =ce       
creates no sub/antial risk ( injury to a
 ?ird p]son2 &  7,c7 ! available &      
reasonable alt]natives to ! use ( su*   
=ce h be5 exhau/$4  7#b7 ,cl>ification  
,a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] may n use  
le?al =ce aga9/ an individual :o poses a
 dang] only to himself or h]self4  7d7  
,requirem5t ,to give v]bal w>n+ ,:5     

feasible1 prior to us+ =ce aga9/ an     
individual1 a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] 
%all id5tify himself or h]self z a      
,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] & issue a     
v]bal w>n+ to ! individual t ! ,f$]al   
law en=cem5t (fic] seeks to appreh5d1   
:i* %all-- 7#a7 include a reque/ t !    
individual surr5d] to ! law en=cem5t    
(fic]2 &  7#b7 notify ! individual t !  
law en=cem5t (fic] may use =ce aga9/ !  
individual if ! individual resi/s arre/ 
or flees4  7e7 ,guidance on use ( =ce ,n
 lat] ?an #abj days aft] ! date (       
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al1
 9 consultation ) impact$ individuals1  
communities1 & organizations1 includ+   
repres5tatives ( civil & human rights   
organizations1 victims ( law en=cem5t   
(fic] use ( =ce1 & repres5tatives ( law 
en=cem5t associations1 %all provide     
guidance to ,f$]al law en=cem5t         
ag5cies-- 7#a7 on ! types ( less le?al  
=ce & le?al =ce t are prohibit$ "u      
subsections 7b7 & 7c72  7#b7 on h[ a    
,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] c assess :e!r 

! use ( =ce is appropriate & necess>y2 &
  7#c7 :i* %all acc\nt = special        
consid]ation :5 int]act+ )-- 7,a7       
pregnant individuals2  7,b7 *ildr5 & y\?
 "u #ba ye>s ( age2  7,c7 eld]ly        
individuals2  7,d7 physically frail     
individuals2  7,e7 individuals ) m5tal1 
behavioral1 or physical disabilities or 
impairm5ts2  7,f7 individuals exp]i5c+  
p]ceptual or cognitive impairm5ts due to
 use ( alcohol1 n>cotics1 halluc9og5s1  
or o!r drugs2  7,g7 individuals suff]+ f
 a s]i\s m$ical condition2 &  7,h7      
individuals ) limit$ ,engli% pr(ici5cy4 
7f7 ,limitation on ju/ification def5se  
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,*apt] #ea ( title #ah1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3  #aabc4 ,limitation on 
ju/ification def5se = ,f$]al law        
en=cem5t (fic]s4  7a7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is
 section3 7#a7 ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic]
 ,! t]m ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] has ! 
mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 section #aae4  7#b7
 ,less le?al =ce ,! t]m less le?al =ce  
means any =ce t is less ?an le?al =ce4  

7#c7 ,le?al =ce ,! t]m le?al =ce means  
any =ce t creates a sub/antial risk (   
caus+ dea? or s]i\s bodily injury1      
includ+-- 7,a7 ! dis*>ge ( a fire>m2    
7,b7 a maneuv] t re/ricts blood or oxyg5
 fl[ to ! bra91 includ+ *okeholds1      
/rangleholds1 neck re/ra9ts1 neck-holds1
 & c>otid art]y re/ra9ts2 &  7,c7 ! use 
( a weapon ( less le?al =ce 9 a mann] t 
creates a sub/antial risk ( dea? or     
s]i\s bodily injury1 includ+ repeat$ or 
prolong$ dis*>ges ( an electronic       
control weapon & fir+ a k9etic impact   
projectile weapon at ! head ( an        
individual4  7b7 ,use ( =ce ,x is n a   
def5se to an (f5se "u section #aaaa or  
#aaab t ! use ( less le?al =ce or le?al 
=ce by a ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic] 0    
ju/ifi$ if-- 7#a7 ! use ( use ( su* =ce 
by ! (fic] 0 inconsi/5t ) section #b ( !
 ,police ,ex]cis+ ,absolute ,c>e )      
,ev]yone ,act ( #bjbb2 or  7#b7 !       
actions ( ! (fic]1 lead+ up to & at ! "t
 ( ! use ( ! =ce1 contribut$ to !       
necessity ( ! use ( su* =ce4  4  7#b7   

,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( sections =  
*apt] #ea ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ! item   
relat+ to section #aabb ! foll[+3       
#aabc4 ,limitation on ju/ification      
def5se = ,f$]al law en=cem5t (fic]s4  4 
#c4 ,limitation on ! receipt ( funds "u 
! ,edw>d ,byrne ,memorial ,ju/ice       
,assi/ance ,grant ,program  7a7         
,limitation ,a ,/ate or unit ( local    
gov]nm5t1 o!r ?an an ,indian ,tribe1 may
 n receive funds t ! ,/ate or unit (    
local gov]nm5t w\ld o!rwise receive "u  
subp>t #a ( "p ,e ( title ,i ( !        
,omnibus ,crime ,control & ,safe ,/reets
 ,act ( #aifh 7#cd ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaea et  
seq47 7commonly kn[n z ! ,edw>d ,byrne  
,memorial ,ju/ice ,assi/ance ,grant     
,program7 = any fiscal ye> 9 :i* ! ,/ate
 or unit ( local gov]nm5t does n h 9    
effect a law1 ) respect to ! use ( =ce  
by law en=cem5t (fic]s ( ! ,/ate or unit
 ( local gov]nm5t1 t is consi/5t )      
section #b ( ?is ,act & section #aabc ( 
title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z       

det]m9$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al4  7b7     
,subsequ5t enactm5t ,if funds describ$ 9
 subsection 7a7 are )held f a ,/ate or  
unit ( local gov]nm5t pursuant to t     
subsection & ! ,/ate or unit ( local    
gov]nm5t subsequ5tly enacts or puts 9   
place a law describ$ 9 t subsection &   
demon/rates sub/antial ef=ts to en=ce   
su* law1 ! ,/ate or unit ( local        
gov]nm5t %all be eligible1 9 ! fiscal   
ye> aft] ! fiscal ye> dur+ :i* ! ,/ate  
or unit ( local gov]nm5t demon/rates su*
 sub/antial ef=ts1 to receive ! total   
am\nt t ! ,/ate or unit ( local gov]nm5t
 w\ld h receiv$ dur+ ea* fiscal ye> =   
:i* funds 7 )held1 n to exce$ ! total t 
su* ,/ate or unit ( local gov]nm5t w\ld 
h receiv$ = a #e-ye> p]iod4  7c7        
,guidance ,n lat] ?an #abj days aft] !  
date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,attorney 
,g5]al1 9 consultation ) impact$        
individuals1 communities1 &             
organizations1 includ+ repres5tatives ( 
civil & human rights organizations1     
individuals aga9/ :om a law en=cem5t    

(fic] us$ =ce1 & repres5tatives ( law   
en=cem5t associations1 %all make        
guidance available to ,/ates & units (  
local gov]nm5t on ! crit]ia t !         
,attorney ,g5]al w use 9 det]m9+ :e!r ! 
,/ate or unit ( local gov]nm5t has 9    
place a law describ$ 9 subsection 7a74  
7d7 ,application ,?is section %all apply
 to ! fir/ fiscal ye> t beg9s on or aft]
 ! date t is #a ye> aft] ! date ( !     
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & to ea* fiscal ye>
 !reaft]4