,,ii  #aag? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #ecjf  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,decemb] #bj1 #bjbb,mr4
 ,m]kley 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,"y1 & ,mr4   
,leahy7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0  
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,=eign ,relations  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d !
 ,tibetan ,policy ,act ( #bjjb to modify
 c]ta9 provisions ( t ,act4  #a4 ,%ort  
title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,promot+
 a ,resolution to ! ,tibet-,*9a         
,conflict ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress   
f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,x has be5 !        
long-/&+ policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to    
enc\rage mean+ful & direct dialogue     
betwe5 ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a au?orities 
& ! ,dalai ,lama or 8 repres5tatives1   
)\t preconditions1 to seek a settlem5t t
 resolves diff]5ces4  7#b7 ,t5 r\nds (  
dialogue held betwe5 #bjjb & #bjaj      
betwe5 ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a          
au?orities & ! #ad? ,dalai ,lama's      
repres5tatives fail$ to produce a       
settlem5t t resolv$ diff]5ces1 & ! two  
sides h n met s9ce ,janu>y #bjaj4  7#c7 

,an ob/acle to fur!r dialogue is t !    
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a     
cont9ues to impose conditions on ,8     
,hol9ess ! ,dalai ,lama = a resumption (
 dialogue1 includ+ a dem& t he say t    
,tibet has be5 "p ( ,*9a s9ce anci5t    
times1 :i* ! ,dalai ,lama has refus$ to 
d because x is false4  7#d7 ,unit$      
,/ates ,gov]nm5t /atem5ts t ! ,unit$    
,/ates consid]s ,tibet a "p ( ! ,p's    
,republic ( ,*9a h reflect$ ! reality on
 ! gr\nd t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's         
,republic ( ,*9a has ex]t$ effective    
control ov] ,tibet4  7#e7 ,! ,unit$     
,/ates ,gov]nm5t has nev] tak5 !        
position t ,tibet 0 a "p ( ,*9a s9ce    
anci5t times or t ! means by :i* !      
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a came
 to ex]t effective control ov] ,tibet 0 
consi/5t ) int]national law or includ$ !
 free or mean+ful cons5t ( ! ,tibetan p4
  7#f7 ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t docum5ts 
dat$ ,janu>y #i1 #aiai1 ,june #a1 #aidd1
 ,june #ag1 #aidi1 ,april #d1 #aiea1    
,decemb] #c1 #aiea1 ,m>* #bc1 #aifa1 &  

,febru>y #ad1 #aifc1 li/$ ,tibet z an   
entity sep>ate & di/9ct f ,*9a4  7#g7   
,article #a ( ! ,int]national ,cov5ant  
on ,civil & ,political ,rights &        
,article #a ! ,int]national ,cov5ant on 
,economic1 ,social & ,cultural ,rights  
provide t ,all peoples h ! "r (         
self-det]m9ation4 ,by virtue ( t "r !y  
freely det]m9e _! political /atus &     
freely pursue _! economic1 social &     
cultural developm5t44  7#h7 ,"u         
int]national law1 includ+ ,unit$        
,nations ,g5]al ,assembly ,resolution   
#bfbe1 ! "r to self-det]m9ation is ! "r 
( a p to det]m9e its own de/9y & !      
ex]cise ( ?is "r c result 9 a v>iety (  
outcomes rang+ f indep5d5ce1 f$]ation1  
protection1 "s =m ( autonomy or full    
integration )9 a ,/ate4  7#i7 ,unit$    
,nations ,g5]al ,assembly ,resolution   
#agbc1 adopt$ on ,decemb] #bj1 #aifa1   
call$ = ! cessation ( practices :i*     
deprive ! ,tibetan p ( _! fundam5tal    
human rights & fre$oms1 includ+ _! "r to
 self-det]m9ation44  7#aj7 ,9 a ,decemb]

 #cj1 #aiej1 note to ! ,gov]nm5ts ( !   
,unit$ ,k+dom & ,india1 ! ,dep>tm5t (   
,/ate wrote t ,! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* 0 "o
 ( ! e>ly support]s ( ! pr9ciple (      
self-det]m9ation ( peoples1 believes t !
 ,tibetan p has ! same inh]5t "r z any  
o!r to h ! det]m9+ voice 9 its political
 de/9y4 ,x is believ$ fur!r t1 %\ld     
developm5ts w>rant1 consid]ation c\ld be
 giv5 to recognition ( ,tibet z an      
indep5d5t ,/ate44  7#aa7 ,9 a ,june #b1 
#aiea1 telegram to ! ,unit$ ,/ates      
,embassy 9 ,new ,delhi1 ! ,/ate         
,dep>tm5t wrote t ,tibet %\ld n be      
compell$ by duress to accept ! violation
 ( its autonomy & t ! ,tibetan p %\ld   
enjoy c]ta9 rights ( self-det]m9ation1  
comm5surate ) ! autonomy ,tibet has     
ma9ta9$ s9ce ! ,*9ese revolution44      
7#ab7 ,secret>y ( ,/ate ,antony ,bl9k51 
9 a ,may #bf1 #bjbb1 spee* entitl$ ,!   
,adm9i/ration's ,approa* to ! ,p's      
,republic ( ,*9a1 said t ! rules-bas$   
int]national ord]'s f\nd+ docum5ts      
include ! ,,un ,*>t] & ! ,univ]sal      

,decl>ation ( ,human ,rights1 :i* en%r9$
 concepts l self-det]m9ation1           
sov]eignty1 ! peaceful settlem5t (      
disputes4 ,^! are n ,we/]n con/ructs4   
,!y are reflections ( ! _w's %>$        
aspirations44  7#ac7 ,! ,tibetan ,policy
 ,act ( #bjjb 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fija      
note71 9 direct+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates        
,gov]nm5t to promote ! human rights &   
di/9ct religi\s1 cultural1 l+ui/ic1 &   
hi/orical id5tity ( ! ,tibetan p        
ackn[l$ges t ! ,tibetan p possess a     
di/9ct religi\s1 cultural1 l+ui/ic1 &   
hi/orical id5tity4  7#ad7 ,dep>tm5t (   
,/ate reports on human rights & religi\s
 fre$om h consi/5tly docum5t$ repression
 by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a au?orities  
aga9/ ,tibetans z well z acts ( defiance
 & resi/ance by ,tibetan p aga9/ ! ,p's 
,republic ( ,*9a policies4  7#ae7       
,section #cee ( ! ,=eign ,relations     
,au?orization ,act1 ,fiscal ,ye>s #aiib 
& #aiic 7,public ,law #ajb-ach2 #aje    
,/at4 #gac7 /at$ t x is ! s5se (        
,congress t-- 7,a7 ,tibet1 includ+ ^?   

areas incorporat$ into ! ,*9ese prov9ces
 ( ,si*uan1 ,yunnan1 ,gansu1 & ,q+hai1  
is an occupi$ c\ntry "u ! e/abli%$      
pr9ciples ( int]national law2  7,b7     
,tibet's true repres5tatives are !      
,dalai ,lama & ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t 9   
exile z recogniz$ by ! ,tibetan p2  7,c7
 ,tibet has ma9ta9$ ?r\gh\t its hi/ory a
 di/9ctive & sov]eign national1         
cultural1 & religi\s id5tity sep>ate f t
 ( ,*9a &1 except dur+ p]iods ( illegal 
,*9ese occupation1 has ma9ta9$ a sep>ate
 & sov]eign political & t]ritorial      
id5tity2  7,d7 hi/orical evid5ce ( ?is  
sep>ate id5tity may be f\nd 9 ,*9ese    
ar*ival docum5ts & traditional dyna/ic  
hi/ories1 9 ,unit$ ,/ates recognition ( 
,tibetan neutrality dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 &
 9 ! fact t a numb] ( c\ntries includ+ !
 ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,mongolia1 ,bhutan1     
,sikkim1 ,nepal1 ,india1 ,japan1 ,great 
,brita91 & ,russia recogniz$ ,tibet z an
 indep5d5t nation or dealt ) ,tibet     
indep5d5tly ( any ,*9ese gov]nm5t2  7,e7
 #aidi-aiej1 ,*9a laun*$ an arm$        

invasion ( ,tibet 9 contrav5tion (      
int]national law2  7,f7 x is ! policy ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates to oppose aggression &  
o!r illegal uses ( =ce by "o c\ntry     
aga9/ ! sov]eignty ( ano!r z a mann] (  
acquir+ t]ritory1 & to condemn          
violations ( int]national law1 includ+ !
 illegal occupation ( "o c\ntry by      
ano!r2 &  7,g7 num]\s ,unit$ ,/ates     
decl>ations s9ce ! ,*9ese invasion h    
recogniz$ ,tibet's "r to                
self-det]m9ation & ! illegality ( ,*9a's
 occupation ( ,tibet44  7#af7 ,! jo9t   
explanatory /atem5t to accompany        
division ,k ( ! ,consolidat$            
,appropriations ,act = ,fiscal ,ye>     
#bjbb 7,public ,law #aag-ajc7 /ates t   
,funds appropriat$ by ! ,act %\ld n be  
us$ to produce or dissem9ate docum5ts1  
maps1 or o!r mat]ials t recognize or    
id5tify ,tibet1 includ+ ! ,tibet        
,autonom\s ,region & o!r ,tibetan       
autonom\s c\nties & prefectures1 z "p ( 
! ,,prc until ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate       
reports to ! appropriate congressional  

committees t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,,prc has  
rea*$ a f9al negotiat$ agreem5t on      
,tibet ) ! ,dalai ,lama or 8            
repres5tatives or ) democratically      
elect$ lead]s ( ! ,tibetan p44  #c4     
,/atem5t ( policy ,x is ! policy ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates t-- 7#a7 ! ,tibetan p are 
a p entitl$ to ! "r ( self-det]m9ation  
"u int]national law1 includ+ !          
,int]national ,cov5ant on ,civil &      
,political ,rights & ! ,int]national    
,cov5ant on ,economic1 ,social &        
,cultural ,rights & t _! ability to     
ex]cise ?is "r is preclud$ by ! curr5t  
policies ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a2 &   
7#b7 ! conflict betwe5 ,tibet & ! ,p's  
,republic ( ,*9a is unresolv$1 & t !    
legal /atus ( ,tibet rema9s to be       
det]m9$ 9 accordance ) int]national law4
  #d4 ,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se (  
,congress t-- 7#a7 claims made by       
(ficials ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a & !  
,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty t ,tibet has be5 
a "p ( ,*9a s9ce anci5t times are       
hi/orically false2  7#b7 ! ,gov]nm5t ( !

 ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a has fail$ to meet
 ! expectations ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to    
engage 9 mean+ful dialogue ) ! ,dalai   
,lama or 8 repres5tatives t[>d a        
peaceful settlem5t ( ! unresolv$        
conflict betwe5 ,tibet & ! ,p's         
,republic ( ,*9a2 &  7#c7 ,unit$ ,/ates 
public diplomacy ef=ts %\ld c\nt]       
dis9=mation ab\t ,tibet f ! ,gov]nm5t ( 
! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a & ! ,*9ese      
,communi/ ,p>ty1 includ+ dis9=mation    
ab\t ! hi/ory ( ,tibet1 ! ,tibetan p1 & 
,tibetan in/itutions includ+ t ( !      
,dalai ,lama4  #e4 ,modifications to !  
,tibetan ,policy ,act ( #bjjb  7a7      
,tibet negotiations ,section #fac7;b7 ( 
! ,tibetan ,policy ,act ( #bjjb 7#bb    
,u4,s4,c4 #fija note7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 
p>agraph 7#b71 by /rik+ & at ! end2     
7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 by /rik+ ! p]iod  
at ! end & ins]t+ 2 &2 &  7#c7 by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7 ef=ts to c\nt] 
dis9=mation ab\t ,tibet f ! ,gov]nm5t ( 
! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a & ! ,*9ese      
,communi/ ,p>ty1 includ+ dis9=mation    

ab\t ! hi/ory ( ,tibet1 ! ,tibetan p1 & 
,tibetan in/itutions includ+ t ( !      
,dalai ,lama4  4  7b7 ,unit$ ,/ates     
,special ,coord9ator = ,tibetan ,issues 
,section #fba7;d7 ( ! ,tibetan ,policy  
,act ( #bjjb 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fija note7 
is am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+ p>agraphs 
7#f71 7#g71 & 7#h7 z p>agraphs 7#g71    
7#h71 & 7#i71 respectively2 &  7#b7 by  
ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#e7 ! foll[+3     
7#f7 "w to ensure t ,unit$ ,/ates       
,gov]nm5t /atem5ts & docum5ts c\nt]1 z  
appropriate1 dis9=mation ab\t ,tibet f !
 ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a & !
 ,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty1 includ+        
dis9=mation ab\t ! hi/ory ( ,tibet1 !   
,tibetan p1 & ,tibetan in/itutions      
includ+ t ( ! ,dalai ,lama2  4  7c7     
,geographic def9ition ( ,tibet ,!       
,tibetan ,policy ,act ( #bjjb 7#bb      
,u4,s4,c4 #fija note7 is am5d$ by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+3  #fbb4 ,geographic   
def9ition ( ,tibet ,9 ?is ,act & 9      
implem5t+ policies relat+ to ! ,tibetan 
p "u o!r provisions ( law1 ! t]m        

#8,tibet'1 unless o!rwise specifi$1     
means-- 7#a7 ! ,tibet ,autonom\s        
,region2 &  7#b7 ! ,tibetan areas (     
,q+hai1 ,si*uan1 ,gansu1 & ,yunnan      
prov9ces4  4  #f4 ,availability ( am\nts
 to c\nt] dis9=mation ab\t ,tibet       
,am\nts au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ or   
o!rwise made available to c>ry out      
section #bja7;c7 ( ! ,asia ,reassurance 
,initiative ,act ( #bjah 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 
#bbib et seq47 are au?oriz$ to be made  
available to c\nt] dis9=mation ab\t     
,tibet f ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic 
( ,*9a & ! ,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty1      
includ+ dis9=mation ab\t ! hi/ory (     
,tibet1 ! ,tibetan p1 & ,tibetan        
in/itutions includ+ t ( ! ,dalai ,lama4