,,ii  #aag? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #dhig  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,septemb] #bj1         
#bjbb,mr4 ,cotton introduc$ ! foll[+    
bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to !    
,committee on ,f9ance  ,a ,,bill  ,to   
make re=ms at in/itutions ( high]       
education4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act   
may be cit$ z ! ,/ud5t ,loan ,re=m ,act 
( #bjbb4  #b4 ,,plus ,loan ,re=ms  7a7  
,9 g5]al ,section #dee7;a7 ( ! ,high]   
,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#ajhg;e7a77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! 
foll[+3  7#d7 ,t]m9ation & re/riction ( 
au?ority to make ,f$]al ,direct ,,plus  
,loans  7,a7 ,t]m9ation ( au?ority to   
make ,f$]al ,direct ,plus ,loans to     
graduate or pr(essional /ud5ts :o are n 
cov]$ heal?c>e /ud5ts ,not)/&+ any      
provision ( ?is "p or "p ,b1 = any p]iod
 ( in/ruction beg9n+ on or aft] ,july   
#a1 #bjbc1 a graduate or pr(essional    
/ud5t 7except = a cov]$ heal?c>e /ud5t7 
%all n be eligible to receive a ,f$]al  
,direct ,,plus ,loan "u ?is "p = !      

/ud5t's graduate or pr(essional /udies4 
7,b7 ,exception = p>5t borr[]s & cov]$  
heal?c>e /ud5ts ,not)/&+ any provision (
 ?is "p or "p ,b1 = any p]iod (         
in/ruction beg9n+ on or aft] ,july #a1  
#bjbc & = any p>5t borr[] ( a ,f$]al    
,direct ,,plus loan or any cov]$        
heal?c>e /ud5t-- 7i7 ! maximum annual   
am\nt ( any ,f$]al ,direct ,,plus ,loan 
%all n exce$ #aj1jjj2 &  7ii7 ! maximum 
aggregate lifetime am\nt ( any ,f$]al   
,direct ,,plus ,loans %all n exce$      
#dj1jjj4  7,c7 ,cov]$ heal?c>e /ud5t ,9 
?is p>agraph1 ! t]m cov]$ heal?c>e /ud5t
 means-- 7i7 a /ud5t :o is 9 a c\rse (  
/udy to-- 7,i7 become a ,doctor (       
,allopa?ic ,m$ic9e1 ,doctor ( ,o/eopa?ic
 ,m$ic9e1 ,doctor ( ,d5ti/ry1 ,doctor ( 
,optometry1 ,doctor ( ,podiatric        
,m$ic9e1 ,doctor ( ,naturopa?ic ,m$ic9e1
 ,doctor ( ,naturopa?y1 ,doctor (       
,vet]9>y ,m$ic9e1 ,doctor ( ,ph>macy1 or
 ,doctor ( ,*iropractic2 or  7,,ii7 e>n 
a doctoral degree 9 cl9ical psy*ology or
 a ma/]s or doctoral degree 9 heal?     

adm9i/ration2 &  7ii7 a /ud5t :o is 9 a 
c\rse ( /udy to become a nurse :o w h ! 
same scope ( practice z a doctor or     
degree program describ$ 9 clause 7i74  4
  7b7 ,report  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,by n lat] 
?an #c ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,education %all    
submit a report to ,congress (f]+       
recomm5dations on o!r critical          
,,/em-bas$ pr(essions ) a high return on
 inve/m5t = :i* graduate & pr(essional  
/ud5ts %\ld be all[$ to access ,f$]al   
,direct ,,plus ,loans "u "p ,d ( title  
,,iv ( ! ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife 
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4#ajhg;a et seq47 = _!     
graduate & pr(essional /udies4  7#b7    
,consid]ations ,9 c>ry+ out p>agraph    
7#a71 ! ,secret>y %all consid]-- 7,a7 h[
 exp&+ ,f$]al ,direct ,,plus ,loans to  
graduate & pr(essional /ud5ts z describ$
 9 p>agraph 7#a7 w\ld b5efit l[-income  
/ud5ts2 &  7,b7 h[ ,congress c\ld index 
! maximum am\nt ( ,f$]al ,direct ,,plus 
,loans = ea* graduate or pr(essional    
/ud5t borr[] to ! m$ian e>n+s =         

graduates ( ! borr[]'s program ( /udy at
 ! borr[]'s in/itution ( high]          
education1 or ! borr[]'s program ( /udy 
at a pe] in/itution ( high] education4  
7#c7 ,def9ition ( /em-bas$ ,9 ?is       
subsection1 ! t]m ,,/em-bas$ means bas$ 
9 sci5ce1 te*nology1 eng9e]+1 or        
ma!matics4  #c4 ,loan default p5alty    
,section #ded ( ! ,high] ,education ,act
 ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajhg;d7a77 is  
am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 9  
p>agraph 7#e71 by /rik+ & aft] !        
semicolon2  7,b7 by r$esignat+ p>agraph 
7#f7 z p>agraph 7#h72 &  7,c7 by ins]t+ 
aft] p>agraph 7#e7 ! foll[+3  7#f7      
provide t ! in/itution accepts ! loan   
default p5alty requirem5ts "u subsection
 7d72  2 &  7#b7 by add+ at ! end !     
foll[+3  7d7 ,loan default p5alty       
requirem5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,beg9n+ ) !  
second fiscal ye> t beg9s aft] ! date ( 
enactm5t ( ! ,/ud5t ,loan ,re=m ,act (  
#bjbb1 & ea* succe$+ fiscal ye>1 ea*    
in/itution ( high] education p>ticipat+ 
9 ! direct /ud5t loan program "u ?is "p 

%all remit to ! ,secret>y1 at su* times 
z ! ,secret>y may specify1 a /ud5t loan 
default p5alty1 z det]m9$ "u p>agraph   
7#b74  7#b7 ,/ud5t loan default p5alty  
,= ea* fiscal ye>1 ! /ud5t loan default 
p5alty %all be an am\nt equal to #be    
p]c5t ( ! total am\nt ( loans "u ?is "p 
receiv$ = att5dance at ! in/itution--   
7,a7 t ent]$ into default loan /atus 9 !
 previ\s fiscal ye>2  7,b7 = :i* a      
borr[] ent]$ default loan /atus = ! fir/
 "t2 &  7,c7 = :i* ! borr[] did n exit  
default loan /atus )9 ! fir/ #fj days   
aft] ent]+ su* /atus4  4  #d4           
,in/itutional responsibility = loan     
repaym5t ,section #ded ( ! ,high]       
,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#ajhg;d7a771 z am5d$ by section #c1 is  
fur!r am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a71 by 
ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#f7 ! foll[+3--   
7#g7 provide t ! in/itution accepts !   
in/itutional responsibility gu>antee    
requirem5ts "u subsection 7e72 &  2     
7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7    
,in/itutional responsibility gu>antee   

7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,beg9n+ ) respect to loans
 "u ?is "p t are disburs$ dur+ ! fir/   
aw>d ye> t beg9s aft] ! date ( enactm5t 
( ! ,/ud5t ,loan ,re=m ,act ( #bjbb1 &  
ea* succe$+ fiscal ye>1 ea* in/itution (
 high] education p>ticipat+ 9 ! ,direct 
/ud5t loan program "u ?is "p %all       
provide a writt5 agreem5t to ! ,secret>y
 ass]t+ t ! in/itution w remit to !     
,secret>y1 at su* times z ! ,secret>y   
may specify1 an in/itutional            
responsibility paym5t1 z det]m9$ "u     
p>agraph 7#b74  7#b7 ,in/itutional      
responsibility paym5t ,! in/itutional   
responsibility paym5t %all be1 = ea*    
borr[] :o 0 enroll$ 9 ! in/itution1 an  
am\nt equal to ! less] (-- 7,a7 a       
p]c5tage ( ! total out/&+ balance ( t   
borr[] t 0 receiv$ = att5dance at !     
in/itution by t borr[] t is equal to #a 
p]c5t = ea* #ajjj ( ! total am\nt "u ?is
 "p receiv$ = att5dance at ! in/itution 
by t borr[]2 or  7,b7 #ej p]c5t ( !     
total out/&+ balance ( t borr[] t 0     
receiv$ "u ?is "p = att5dance at !      

in/itution by t borr[]4  7#c7 ,use (    
in/itutional responsibility paym5t ,!   
,secret>y %all apply all ( an           
in/itutional responsibility paym5t      
receiv$ "u ?is subsection = a borr[] to 
! out/&+ ,direct /ud5t loan obligation (
 su* /ud5t1 & %all notify ! /ud5t ( !   
r$uction 9 ! balance ( ! /ud5t's ,direct
 /ud5t loan obligations4  7#d7 ,total   
out/&+ balance ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m 
total out/&+ balance means ! total am\nt
 ( loans "u ?is "p-- 7,a7 t h gone into 
default /atus & rema9 unpaid aft] a     
p]iod ( #aj ye>s or m2 &  7,b7 t rema9  
unpaid aft] ! p]iod describ$ 9          
subp>agraph 7,a7 & aft] ! ,secret>y has 
exhau/$ attempts to recov] repaym5t f ! 
borr[]1 includ+ ?r\gh wage g>ni%m5t "u  
section #dhh;,a1 an adm9i/rative (fset  
"u section #cgaf ( title #ca1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 a ,f$]al sal>y (fset1 or  
any o!r legal means ?r\gh :i* !         
,secret>y may recov] repaym5t ( ,f$]al  
/ud5t loans4  4  #e4 ,limit on          
adm9i/rative /aff  7a7 ,program         

p>ticipation agreem5t ,section #dhg7;a7 
( ! ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj 
,u4,s4,c4 #ajid7;a77 is am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3  7#cj7 ,! in/itution w 
agree to ! limit on adm9i/rative /aff   
requirem5ts describ$ 9 section #dhg;,c4 
4  7b7 ,limit on adm9i/rative /aff ,"p  
,g ( title ,,iv ( ! ,high] ,education   
,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajhh et    
seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section   
#dhg;,b ! foll[+3  #dhg;,c4 ,limit on   
adm9i/rative /aff  7a7 ,def9itions ,9   
?is section3 7#a7 ,adm9i/rative /aff ,! 
t]m adm9i/rative /aff-- 7,a7 means /aff 
^: duties are prim>ily non-academic1    
non-in/ructional1 & non-rese>*2  7,b7   
includes any in/itutional support /aff1 
su* z human res\rces1 m>ket+1 public    
relations1 gov]nm5t relations1          
executive1 adm9i/rative1 or manag]ial   
/aff2  7,c7 includes /ud5t s]vices /aff1
 su* z div]sity1 equity1 & inclusion    
/aff2  7,d7 includes memb]s ( ! academic
 adm9i/ration1 su* z deans or provo/s2 &
  7,e7 excludes gr\nds & ma9t5ance /aff1

 cafet]ia /aff1 heal?c>e practition]s1  
campus security1 religi\s cl]gy support$
 by ! in/itution1 & in=mation te*nology 
support /aff4  7#b7 ,cov]$ in/itution   
7,a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,! t]m cov]$ in/itution--
 7i7 means an in/itution t-- 7,i7 *>g$  
an am\nt = und]graduate tuition & fees  
equal to or great] ?an #bj1jjj = an     
academic ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! 
,/ud5t ,loan ,re=m ,act ( #bjbb1 z      
det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y on an annual     
basis2 &  7,,ii7 = ! fir/ cov]$ ye>1 _h 
#bjj or m individuals s]v+ z            
adm9i/rative /aff2 &  7ii7 excludes--   
7,i7 an in/itution t is controll$ by or 
t is closely id5tifi$ ) ! t5ets ( a     
p>ticul> religi\s organization1 z       
describ$ 9 section #ajf4ab7;c7 ( title  
#cd1 ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations 7z 9   
effect on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,/ud5t  
,loan ,re=m ,act ( #bjbb72 &  7,,ii7 an 
in/itution t is a m$ical s*ool1 z       
det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y4  7,b7 ,special  
,rule ,if an in/itution *>ges sep>ate   
am\nts ( und]graduate tuition & fees & =

 9-,/ate & out-(-,/ate /ud5ts1 ! am\nt (
 tuition & fees = ! purposes ( ?is      
p>agraph %all be det]m9$ bas$ on ! am\nt
 t is an av]age ( 9-,/ate & out-(-,/ate 
und]graduate tuition & fees4  7#c7 ,fir/
 cov]$ ye> ,! t]m fir/ cov]$ ye>1 :5 us$
 ) respect to a cov]$ in/itution1 means 
! fir/ academic ye> aft] ! date (       
enactm5t ( ! ,/ud5t ,loan ,re=m ,act (  
#bjbb = :i* ! in/itution's und]graduate 
tuition & fees exce$$ #bj1jjj1 z det]m9$
 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#b74  7b7 ,9  
g5]al ,beg9n+ = ! second academic ye>   
aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,/ud5t ,loan 
,re=m ,act ( #bjbb1 a cov]$ in/itution t
 p>ticipates 9 a program "u ?is title   
%all be requir$-- 7#a7 ea* ye> ( a      
s*ool's p>ticipation 9 a program "u ?is 
title1 to r$uce #aj p]c5t ( adm9i/rative
 /aff at ! in/itution1 z comp>$ to !    
total am\nt ( su* adm9i/rative /aff at !
 in/itution 9 ! fir/ cov]$ ye>1 until ! 
completion ( ! #e? ye> ( su* r$uctions1 
at :i* "t ! in/itution %all be requir$  
to demon/rate to ! ,secret>y t !        

in/itution has r$uc$ #ej p]c5t ( !      
adm9i/rative /aff at ! in/itution1 z    
comp>$ to ! adm9i/rative /aff at !      
in/itution 9 ! fir/ cov]$ ye>2  7#b7 to 
ensure t aft] ! completion ( ! #e-ye>   
p]iod describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 !       
in/itution %all n increase ! numb] (    
adm9i/rative /aff at ! in/itution by m  
?an #a p]c5t annually = ! rema9d] ( !   
in/itution's p>ticipation 9 a program "u
 ?is title2  7#c7 to elim9ate           
adm9i/rative /aff 9 ! ord] specifi$ "u  
subsection 7c72 &  7#d7 to submit an    
annual c]tification to ! ,secret>y      
ass]t+ t ! in/itution meets !           
requirem5ts ( p>agraphs 7#a71 7#b71 &   
7#c74  7c7 ,priority = adm9i/rative /aff
 r$uctions ,an in/itution %all r$uce    
adm9i/rative /aff 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 7#a7 
,fir/1 r$uc+ div]sity1 equity1 &        
inclusion /aff by n less ?an #ie p]c5t4 
7#b7 ,second1 r$uc+ executive or        
managem5t /aff4  7#c7 ,?ird1 r$uc+ human
 res\rces /aff4  4  #f4 ,affirmative    
,action  7a7 ,in/itution ( high]        

education ,! t]m in/itution ( high]     
education has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9      
section #ajb ( ! ,high] ,education ,act 
( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajjb74  7b7     
,prohibition on pref]5tial treatm5t or  
discrim9ation ,an in/itution ( high]    
education receiv+ ,f$]al funds %all n   
grant pref]5tial treatm5t to1 or        
discrim9ate aga9/1 any individual or    
gr\p on ! basis ( race1 color1 e?nicity1
 or national orig91 includ+ treatm5t or 
discrim9ation relat$ to employm5t &     
/ud5t admissions4  #g4 ,critical race   
!ory  7a7 ,def9itions  7#a7 ,in/itution 
( high] education ,! t]m in/itution (   
high] education has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9
 section #ajb ( ! ,high] ,education ,act
 ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajjb74  7#b7   
,race-bas$ !ory ,! t]m race-bas$ !ory   
means a !ory t-- 7,a7 any race is       
inh]5tly sup]ior or inf]ior to any o!r  
race2  7,b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is a        
fundam5tally raci/ c\ntry2  7,c7 !      
,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce or !          
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is a     

fundam5tally raci/ docum5t2  7,d7 an    
individual's moral wor? is det]m9$ by ! 
race ( ! individual2  7,e7 an           
individual1 by virtue ( ! race ( !      
individual1 is inh]5tly raci/ or        
oppressive1 :e!r consci\sly or          
unconsci\sly2 or  7,f7 an individual1   
because ( ! race ( ! individual1 be>s   
responsibility = ! actions committ$ by  
memb]s ( ! race ( ! individual4  7b7    
,prohibition on aw>d ( funds to c]ta9   
in/itutions ( high] education ,no ,f$]al
 funds may be aw>d$ to an in/itution (  
high] education if su* in/itution       
compels tea*]s or /ud5ts to affirm1     
adh]e to1 adopt1 or pr(ess race-bas$    
!ories or beliefs contr>y to title ,,vi 
( ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd 7#db    
,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;d et seq474  7c7 ,rules 
( con/ruction  7#a7 ,protect$ spee* n   
re/rict$ ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be    
con/ru$ to re/rict ! spee* ( a /ud5t1 a 
tea*]1 or any o!r individual outside (  
an in/ructional sett+ ( an in/itution ( 
high] education4  7#b7 ,access to       

mat]ials = ! purpose ( rese>* or        
indep5d5t /udy ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all 
be con/ru$ to prev5t an individual f    
access+ mat]ials t advocate race-bas$   
!ories = ! purpose ( rese>* or indep5d5t
 /udy4  #h4 ,excise taxes on c]ta9      
colleges & univ]sities  7a7 ,excise tax 
on c]ta9 l>ge private college &         
univ]sity end[m5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al       
,sub*apt] ,h ( *apt] #db ( ! ,int]nal   
,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf is am5d$ by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+ new section3  #difi4  
,excise tax on c]ta9 l>ge private       
college & univ]sity end[m5ts  7a7 ,tax  
impos$ ,!re is h]eby impos$ on ea*      
specifi$ applicable educational         
in/itution = ! taxable ye> a tax equal  
to #a p]c5t ( ! aggregate fair m>ket    
value ( ! assets ( ! in/itution at ! end
 ( ! prec$+ taxable ye>4  7b7 ,specifi$ 
applicable educational in/itution ,=    
purposes ( ?is sub*apt]1 ! t]m specifi$ 
applicable educational in/itution means 
any applicable educational in/itution1  
o!r ?an an in/itution :i* is religi\s 9 

nature1 ! aggregate fair m>ket value ( !
 assets ( :i* at ! end ( ! prec$+       
taxable ye> 7o!r ?an ^? assets :i* are  
us$ directly 9 c>ry+ out ! in/itution's 
exempt purpose7 is at lea/              
#b1ejj1jjj1jjj4  7c7 ,o!r t]ms ,=       
purposes ( ?is section-- 7#a7 ,assets ,!
 rules ( section #difh7;d7 %all apply4  
7#b7 ,/ud5t ,! rules ( section          
#difh7;b77#b7 %all apply4  4  7#b7      
,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( sections =  
sub*apt] ,h ( *apt] #db ( ! ,int]nal    
,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf is am5d$ by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+ new item3  ,sec4      
#difi4 ,excise tax on c]ta9 l>ge private
 college & univ]sity end[m5ts4  4  7b7  
,failure ,to di/ribute end[m5t assets   
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,sub*apt] ,h ( *apt] #db (
 ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 z    
am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new section3     
#digj4 ,failure to di/ribute end[m5t    
assets  7a7 ,tax impos$ ,!re is h]eby   
impos$ on ! undi/ribut$ excess end[m5t  
am\nt ( ea* specifi$ applicable         

educational in/itution = ! taxable ye>1 
:i* has n be5 di/ribut$ be=e ! fir/ day 
( ! second 7or any succe$+7 taxable ye> 
foll[+ su* taxable ye> 7if su* fir/ day 
falls )9 ! taxable p]iod71 a tax equal  
to #cj p]c5t ( su* undi/ribut$ excess   
end[m5t am\nt rema9+ undi/ribut$ at !   
beg9n+ ( su* second 7or succe$+7 taxable
 ye>4 ,! tax impos$ by ?is section %all 
n apply to ! undi/ribut$ excess end[m5t 
am\nt ( a specifi$ applicable           
educational in/itution to ! ext5t t !   
f\ndation fail$ to di/ribute any am\nt  
solely because ( an incorrect valuation 
( assets1 if-- 7#a7 ! failure to value !
 assets prop]ly 0 n willful & 0 due to  
reasonable cause1  7#b7 su* am\nt is    
di/ribut$ z qualify+ di/ributions by !  
in/itution dur+ ! all[able di/ribution  
p]iod1  7#c7 ! in/itution notifies !    
,secret>y t su* am\nt has be5 di/ribut$ 
z qualify+ di/ributions to correct su*  
failure1 &  7#d7 su* di/ribution is     
treat$1 by reason ( subsection 7e77#b71 
z made out ( ! undi/ribut$ income = !   

taxable ye> = :i* a tax w\ld 7except =  
?is p>agraph7 h be5 impos$ "u ?is       
subsection4  7b7 ,additional tax ,9 any 
case 9 :i* an initial tax is impos$ "u  
subsection 7a7 on ! undi/ribut$ excess  
end[m5t am\nt ( any specifi$ applicable 
educational in/itution = any taxable    
ye>1 if any portion ( su* am\nt rema9s  
undi/ribut$ at ! close ( ! taxable      
p]iod1 !re is h]eby impos$ a tax equal  
to #ajj p]c5t ( ! am\nt rema9+          
undi/ribut$ at su* "t4  7c7 ,undi/ribut$
 excess end[m5t am\nt ,= purposes ( ?is 
section1 ! t]m undi/ribut$ excess       
end[m5t am\nt means1 ) respect to any   
specifi$ applicable educational         
in/itution = any taxable ye> z ( any "t1
 ! am\nt by :i*-- 7#a7 ! di/ributable   
am\nt = su* taxable ye>1 exce$s  7#b7 ! 
qualify+ di/ributions made be=e su* "t  
out ( su* di/ributable am\nt4  7d7      
,di/ributable am\nt ,= purposes ( ?is   
section1 ! t]m di/ributable am\nt means1
 ) respect to any specifi$ applicable   
educational in/itution = any taxable    

ye>1 an am\nt equal to #e p]c5t ( !     
aggregate fair m>ket value ( ! assets ( 
! in/itution at ! end ( ! prec$+ taxable
 ye>4 ,! rules ( section #difh7;d7 %all 
apply = purposes ( ?is section4  7e7    
,qualify+ di/ributions ,= purposes ( ?is
 section-- 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m qualify+
 di/ribution has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 
section #didb7;g74  7#b7 ,o!r rules ,!  
rules ( subsections 7h7 & 7i7 ( section 
#didb %all apply4  7f7 ,taxable p]iod2  
all[able di/ribution p]iod ,! rules (   
p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#b7 ( section         
#didb7;j7 %all apply = purposes ( ?is   
section4  4  7#b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,!   
table ( sections = sub*apt] ,h ( *apt]  
#db ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 
z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is fur!r     
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new     
item3  ,sec4 #digj4 ,failure to         
di/ribute end[m5t assets4  4  7c7       
,e/abli%m5t ( excise tax on excessive   
tuition  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,sub*apt] ,h (   
*apt] #db ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code (  
#aihf1 z am5d$ by subsections 7a7 & 7b71

 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new 
section3  #digj;,a4 ,excise tax on      
excessive tuition  7a7 ,tax impos$ ,!re 
is h]eby impos$ on ea* applicable       
in/itution ( high] education = ! taxable
 ye> a tax equal to #bj p]c5t ( ! total 
am\nt ( excessive tuition receiv$ by su*
 applicable in/itution ( high] education
 dur+ su* taxable ye>4  7b7 ,excessive  
tuition  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ?is section1 !
 t]m excessive tuition means1 ) respect 
to any individual enroll$ at !          
und]graduate level 9 ! applicable       
in/itution ( high] education dur+ any   
taxable ye>1 ! am\nt 7if any7 equal to !
 excess (-- 7,a7 ! am\nt ( und]graduate 
tuition & fees paid by su* individual to
 su* applicable in/itution ( high]      
education dur+ su* taxable ye>1 ov]     
7,b7 #dj1jjj4  7#b7 ,tuition & fees ,=  
purposes ( p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 ! t]m    
tuition & fees has ! same mean+ giv5 !  
t]m qualifi$ tuition & relat$ exp5ses "u
 section #be;,a7f77#a74  7c7 ,applicable
 in/itution ( high] education ,9 ?is    

section1 ! t]m applicable in/itution (  
high] education means an in/itution (   
high] education z def9$ 9 section #ajb (
 ! ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj  
,u4,s4,c4 #ajjb7 t is n-- 7#a7 an       
in/itution :i* is controll$ by or :i* is
 closely id5tifi$ ) ! t5ets ( a p>ticul>
 religi\s organization2 or  7#b7 a      
m$ical s*ool1 z describ$ 9 section      
#dhg;,c7a77#b77;,a77ii77,,ii7 ( ! ,high]
 ,education ,act ( #aife4  4  7#b7      
,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( sections =  
sub*apt] ,h ( *apt] #db ( su* ,code1 z  
am5d$ by subsections 7a7 & 7b71 is am5d$
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new item3    
,sec4 #digj;,a4 ,excise tax on excessive
 tuition4  4  7d7 ,transf] ( funds ,!   
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury 7or su*         
,secret>y's delegate7 %all f "t to "t   
transf] f ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury to 
! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce am\nts equal to !
 increase 9 rev5ues by reason ( !       
enactm5t ( subsections 7a71 7b71 & 7c71 
= ! purpose ( exp&+ opportunities relat+
 to employ]-l$ appr5tice%ip programs &  

on-!-job work=ce tra9+4 ,su* funds %all 
be available until exp5d$ to c>ry out   
su* activities ?r\gh grants1 coop]ative 
agreem5ts1 contracts & o!r arrangem5ts1 
) ,/ates & o!r appropriate entities4    
7e7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by 
?is section %all apply to taxable ye>s  
beg9n+ aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is     
,act4  #i4 ,ban on requir+ ,,fafsa =    
families :o are n us+ ,f$]al /ud5t aid  
,section #dhg7;a7 ( ! ,high] ,education 
,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajid7;a771 
z am5d$ by section #e1 is fur!r am5d$ by
 add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#ca7 ,!      
in/itution w n require or pressure any  
prospective1 accept$1 or enroll$ /ud5t  
at ! in/itution to submit a ,free       
,application = ,f$]al ,/ud5t ,aid "u    
section #dhc if su* /ud5t does n wi% to 
apply = or accept ,f$]al /ud5t aid4  4  
#aj4 ,campus ,free ,spee* ,re/oration   
7a7 ,protection ( /ud5t spee* &         
association rights ,section #aab7;a7 ( !
 ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj    
,u4,s4,c4 #ajaa;a7a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by

 r$esignat+ p>agraph 7#b7 z p>agraph    
7#d72 &  7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph   
7#a7 ! foll[+3  7#b7 ,x is ! s5se (     
,congress t-- 7,a7 e individual %\ld be 
free to pr(ess1 & to ma9ta91 ! op9ion ( 
su* individual 9 matt]s ( religion or   
philosophy1 & t pr(ess+ or ma9ta9+ su*  
op9ion %\ld 9 no way dim9i%1 enl>ge1 or 
affect ! civil lib]ties or rights ( su* 
individual on ! campus ( an in/itution (
 high] education2 &  7,b7 no public     
in/itution ( high] education directly or
 indirectly receiv+ f9ancial assi/ance  
"u ?is ,act %\ld limit religi\s         
expression1 free expression1 or any o!r 
rights provid$ "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! 
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#c7 ,x
 is ! s5se ( ,congress t-- 7,a7 free    
spee* zones & re/rictive spee* codes are
 inh]5tly at odds ) ! fre$om ( spee*    
gu>ante$ by ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !       
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7,b7   
bias report+ sy/ems are susceptible to  
abuses t may put !m at odds ) ! fre$om (
 spee* gu>ante$ by ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !

 ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 &  7,c7
 no public in/itution ( high] education 
directly or indirectly receiv+ f9ancial 
assi/ance "u ?is ,act %\ld re/rict !    
spee* ( su* in/itution's /ud5ts ?r\gh   
improp]ly re/rictive zones1 codes1 or   
bias report+ sy/ems4  4  7b7 ,campus    
spee* policies at in/itutions ( high]   
education ,title ,,iv ( ! ,high]        
,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#ajgj et4 seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9       
section #dhg7;a71 z am5d$ by sections #e
 & #i1 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#cb7
 ,9 ! case ( an in/itution t is-- 7,a7 a
 public in/itution1 ! in/itution w      
comply ) ! expressive activity          
protections describ$ 9 section #dic;,e2 
&  7,b7 n a public in/itution1 !        
in/itution w comply ) ! policies 9      
section #dic;,f4  2 &  7#b7 9 "p ,g1 by 
ins]t+ aft] section #dic;,d ! foll[+3   
#dic;,e4 ,campus spee* policies at      
public univ]sities  7a7 ,def9ition (    
expressive activities  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 
?is section1 ! t]m expressive activity  

includes-- 7,a7 peacefully assembl+1    
prote/+1 speak+1 or li/5+2  7,b7        
di/ribut+ lit]ature2  7,c7 c>ry+ a sign2
  7,d7 circulat+ a petition2 or  7,e7   
o!r expressive rights gu>ante$ "u !     
,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates4  7#b7 ,exclusions ,9 ?is 
section1 ! t]m expressive activity does 
n include unprotect$ spee* 7z def9$ by !
 prec$5ts ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates74  7b7 ,expressive activities at 
an in/itution  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* public
 in/itution ( high] education p>ticipat+
 9 a program "u ?is title may n         
prohibit1 subject to p>agraph 7#b71 a   
p]son f freely engag+ 9 noncomm]cial    
expressive activity 9 a g5]ally         
accessible outdoor area on !            
in/itution's campus if ! p]son's conduct
 is lawful4  7#b7 ,re/rictions ,an      
in/itution ( high] education describ$ 9 
p>agraph 7#a7 may n ma9ta9 or en=ce "t1 
place1 or mann] re/rictions on an       
expressive activity 9 a g5]ally         
accessible outdoor area ( ! in/itution's

 campus unless ! re/riction-- 7,a7 is   
necess>y to a*ieve a compell+ gov]nm5tal
 int]e/2  7,b7 is ! lea/ re/rictive     
means ( fur!r+ t compell+ gov]nm5tal    
int]e/2  7,c7 is bas$ on publi%$1       
cont5t-neutral1 & viewpo9t-neutral      
crit]ia2  7,d7 leaves op5 ample         
alt]native *annels = communication2 &   
7,e7 provides = spontane\s assembly &   
di/ribution ( lit]ature4  7#c7          
,application ,! protections provid$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a7 d n apply to expressive   
activity 9 an area on an in/itution's   
campus t is n a g5]ally accessible      
outdoor area4  7#d7 ,nonapplication to  
s]vice academies ,?is section %all n    
apply to an in/itution ( high] education
 ^: prim>y purpose is ! tra9+ (         
individuals = ! milit>y s]vices ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates1 or ! m]*ant m>9e4  7c7   
,causes ( action  7#a7 ,au?orization ,! 
foll[+ p]sons may br+ an action 9 a     
,f$]al c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction to  
enjo9 a violation ( subsection 7b7 or to
 recov] comp5satory damages1 reasonable 

c\rt co/s1 or reasonable attorney fees3 
7,a7 ,! ,attorney ,g5]al4  7,b7 ,a p]son
 claim+ t ! p]son's expressive activity 
rights1 z describ$ 9 subsection 7b77#a71
 7 violat$4  7#b7 ,actions ,not)/&+ any 
o!r provision ( law1 9 an action br\ght 
"u ?is section1 ! ,f$]al c\rt %all      
decide de novo all relevant que/ions (  
fact & law1 includ+ ! int]pretation (   
con/itutional1 /atutory1 & regulatory   
provisions1 unless ! p>ties /ipulate    
o!rwise4 ,9 an action br\ght "u ?is     
subsection1 if ! c\rt f9ds a violation (
 subsection 7b71 ! c\rt-- 7,a7 %all--   
7i7 enjo9 ! violation2 &  7ii7 if a     
p]son ^: expressive activity rights 7   
violat$ br\ght ! action1 aw>d ! p]son-- 
7,i7 n less ?an #ejj = an initial       
violation2 &  7,,ii7 if ! p]son notifies
 ! in/itution ( ! violation1 #ej = ea*  
day ! violation cont9ues aft] !         
notification if ! in/itution did n act  
to discont9ue ! cause ( ! violation2 &  
7,b7 may aw>d a prevail+ pla9tiff-- 7i7 
comp5satory damages2  7ii7 reasonable   

c\rt co/s2 or  7iii7 reasonable attorney
 fees4  7d7 ,/atute ( limitations  7#a7 
,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph   
7#c71 an action "u subsection 7c7 may n 
be br\ght lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( 
! violation4  7#b7 ,cont9u+ violation   
,ea* day t a violation ( subsection 7b7 
cont9ues aft] an initial violation (    
subsection 7b71 & ea* day t an          
in/itution's policy 9 violation (       
subsection 7b7 rema9s 9 effect1 %all    
con/itute a cont9u+ violation (         
subsection 7b74  7#c7 ,ext5sion ,= a    
cont9u+ violation describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#b71 ! limitation describ$ 9 p>agraph  
7#a7 %all ext5d to #a ye> aft] ! date on
 :i* ! mo/ rec5t violation occurs4  7e7 
,f$]al review ( spee* policies  7#a7 ,no
 eligibility = funds  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,no 
public in/itution ( high] education %all
 be eligible to receive funds "u ?is    
,act1 includ+ p>ticipation 9 any program
 "u ?is title1 if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t
 ! in/itution-- 7i7 ma9ta9s a policy t  
infr+es ^u ! expressive rights ( /ud5ts 

"u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or  7ii7 ma9ta9s or    
en=ces "t1 place1 or mann] re/rictions  
on an expressive activity 9 a g5]ally   
accessible outdoor area ( ! in/itution's
 campus t d n comply ) subp>agraphs 7,a7
 ?r\gh 7,e7 ( subsection 7b77#b74  7,b7 
,c\rt review ,not)/&+ any o!r provision 
( law1 ! ,secret>y's det]m9ations "u ?is
 subsection %all be review$ de novo )   
respect to all relevant que/ions ( fact 
& law1 includ+ ! int]pretation (        
con/itutional1 /atutory1 & regulatory   
provisions1 unless ! p>ties /ipulate    
o!rwise4  7#b7 ,designation ( an        
employee to receive compla9ts ,!        
,secret>y %all designate an employee 9 !
 ,(fice ( ,po/second>y ,education ( !   
,dep>tm5t to receive compla9ts f /ud5ts 
or /ud5t organizations at a giv5 public 
in/itution ( high] education1 or f any  
o!r p]son or organization1 reg>d+       
policies at ! in/itution-- 7,a7 t infr+e
 ^u ! expressive rights ( /ud5ts "u !   
,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( !    

,unit$ ,/ates2 or  7,b7 t ma9ta9 or     
en=ce "t1 place1 or mann] re/rictions on
 an expressive activity 9 a g5]ally     
accessible outdoor area ( ! in/itution's
 campus t d n comply ) subp>agraphs 7,a7
 ?r\gh 7,e7 ( subsection 7b77#b74  7#c7 
,compla9t ,a compla9t submitt$ "u       
subp>agraph 7#b7-- 7,a7 %all include !  
provision ( ! in/itution's policy !     
compla9ant believes ei!r infr+es ^u !   
expressive rights ( /ud5ts "u ! ,fir/   
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates or ma9ta9s or en=ces "t1 place1  
or mann] re/rictions on an expressive   
activity 9 a g5]ally accessible outdoor 
area ( ! in/itution's campus t does n   
comply ) subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,e7 ( 
subsection 7b77#b71 along ) any evid5ce 
reg>d+ ! op]ation & en=cem5t ( su*      
policy ! compla9ant deems relevant2 &   
7,b7 may include an argum5t z to :y !   
policy 9 "q ei!r infr+es ^u ! expressive
 rights ( /ud5ts "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to 
! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or     
ma9ta9s or en=ces "t1 place1 or mann]   

re/rictions on an expressive activity 9 
a g5]ally accessible outdoor area ( !   
in/itution's campus t does n comply )   
subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,e7 (          
subsection 7b77#b74  7#d7 ,sy/em (      
review  7,a7 ,fir/ /age review  7i7     
,reque/ = response ,n lat] ?an #g days  
aft] ! date ( receipt ( a compla9t "u   
p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,secret>y %all review !
 compla9t & reque/ a response to !      
compla9t f ! in/itution4  7ii7          
,in/itution response ,n lat] ?an #cj    
days aft] ! date ! ,secret>y reque/s a  
response "u clause 7i71 ! in/itution    
%all-- 7,i7 c]tify to ! ,secret>y t !   
in/itution has entirely )drawn ! policy 
t occasion$ ! compla9t2  7,,ii7 submit a
 revis$ policy = review by ! ,secret>y2 
or  7,,iii7 submit a def5se ( ! policy t
 occasion$ ! compla9t4  7iii7           
,availability to compla9ant  7,i7 ,9    
g5]al ,n lat] ?an #g days aft] ! date ( 
receipt ( a revis$ policy or def5se ( ! 
orig9al policy z submitt$ by !          
in/itution pursuant to clause 7ii71 !   

,secret>y %all make available to !      
compla9ant a copy ( su* revis$ policy or
 def5se4  7,,ii7 ,response by compla9ant
 ,n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! date (     
receipt ( a revis$ policy or def5se ( ! 
orig9al policy "u subclause 7,i71 !     
compla9ant may submit to ! ,secret>y a  
response to ! revis$ policy or def5se ( 
! orig9al policy4  7,,iii7 ,submission  
to ! in/itution ( response ,n lat] ?an  
#g days aft] ! date ( receipt ( a       
response "u subclause 7,,ii71 !         
,secret>y %all submit to ! in/itution a 
copy ( su* response4  7iv7 ,det]m9ations
 ,if ! in/itution decl9es to entirely   
)draw ! policy t occasion$ ! compla9t & 
ei!r submits a revis$ policy = review or
 submits a def5se ( ! policy t occasion$
 ! compla9t1 ! ,secret>y %all1 n lat]   
?an #fj days aft] ! date ( ! deadl9e = a
 response by ! compla9t z describ$ 9    
clause 7iii77,,ii71 make "o ( ! foll[+  
det]m9ations3 7,i7 ,det]m9e t ! compla9t
 9 "q has insuffici5t m]it to proce$ to 
,second ,/age ,review describ$ 9        

subp>agraph 7,b74  7,,ii7 ,det]m9e t !  
compla9t 9 "q has suffici5t m]it to     
proce$ to ,second ,/age ,review describ$
 9 subp>agraph 7,b74  7v7 ,notification 
,n lat] ?an #g days aft] ! date !       
,secret>y makes a det]m9ation "u clause 
7iv71 ! ,secret>y %all notify !         
in/itution & ! compla9ant ( su*         
det]m9ation4  7vi7 ,end ,! det]m9ation  
"u clause 7iv7 %all con/itute ! end (   
,fir/ ,/age ,review4  7,b7 ,second /age 
review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,9 a ,second ,/age 
,review1 ! ,secret>y %all notify !      
in/itution & ! compla9ant ( ! comm5cem5t
 ( ! ,second ,/age ,review1 & %all give 
! in/itution ! option ( entirely )draw+ 
! policy t occasion$ ! compla9t or      
submitt+ a revis$ policy = review )9 #cj
 days ( ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,second ,/age  
,review4 ,9 su* notification submitt$ to
 ! in/itution & compla9ant1 ! ,secret>y 
%all indicate ! relevant sections ( !   
in/itution's policy 9 "q & expla9 :y ^! 
sections may be out ( compliance4  7ii7 
,det]m9ation ,n lat] ?an #ij days f !   

comm5cem5t ( ! ,second ,/age ,review1 ! 
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r ! policy t  
occasion$ ! compla9t1 or ! revis$ policy
 submitt$ dur+ ! ,fir/ ,/age ,review1 or
 ! revis$ policy submitt$ )9 ! fir/ #cj 
days ( ! ,second ,/age ,review1 is 9    
violation ( /ud5t rights "u ! ,fir/     
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates or ( ! re/rictions on !          
regulation ( spee* by "t1 place1 & mann]
 set =? 9 ?is section1 !reby end+       
,second ,/age ,review4  7iii7           
,inve/igation ,dur+ ,second ,/age       
,review1 ! ,secret>y may conduct an     
inve/igation 9 :i* fur!r in=mation may  
be s\ght or reque/$ f ! compla9ant1 !   
in/itution1 or any o!r s\rce ! ,secret>y
 det]m9es p]t95t4  7iv7 ,c]tification ( 
)drawal ,at any po9t dur+ ! ,second     
,/age ,review1 ! in/itution 9 "q may    
c]tify to ! ,secret>y t x has entirely  
)drawn ! policy t occasion$ ! compla9t1 
!reby end+ ! ,second ,/age ,review4  7v7
 ,notification & ju/ification ,if !     
,secret>y det]m9es by ! conclusion (    

,second ,/age ,review t ! policy t      
occasion$ ! compla9t or ! revis$ policy 
submitt$ = review dur+ ,fir/ ,/age      
,review or ,second ,/age ,review is     
consi/5t ) ! expressive rights ( /ud5ts 
"u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! re/rictions on !    
regulation ( spee* by "t1 place1 & mann]
 set =? 9 ?is ,act-- 7,i7 ! ,secret>y   
%all notify ! compla9ant & ! in/itution 
( su* det]m9ation n m ?an #g days aft] !
 date ( ! det]m9ation2 &  7,,ii7 !      
,secret>y %all expla9 & ju/ify su*      
det]m9ation 9 a writt5 decision cit+    
relevant legal prec$5t1 copies ( :i*    
%all be s5t to ! compla9ant1 !          
in/itution1 & made available = public   
inspection1 includ+ = onl9e read+ by !  
public4  7,c7 ,det]m9ation t in/itution 
is out ( compliance  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,if1  
^u completion ( ! ,second ,/age ,review1
 ! ,secret>y det]m9es t ! policy t      
occasion$ ! compla9t1 or ! revis$ policy
 submitt$ = review dur+ ! ,fir/ ,/age   
,review or ,second ,/age ,review1       

violates ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !          
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or !     
re/rictions on ! regulation ( spee* set 
=? 9 ?is section1 ! ,secret>y %all      
notify ! compla9ant & ! in/itution n m  
?an #g days aft] ! date ( completion (  
,second ,/age ,review t ! in/itution is 
out ( compliance ) ! requirem5ts =      
receiv+ funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+      
p>ticipation 9 any program "u ?is title1
 b w be grant$ a grace p]iod ( #abj days
 to return to compliance be=e be+ =mally
 /ripp$ ( eligibility4  7ii7 ,po/+2     
explanation2 f9al review ,z "p ( !      
notification "u clause 7i71 ! ,secret>y 
%all-- 7,i7 require ! in/itution to po/ 
! det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y on ! website
 ( ! in/itution )9 #b clicks ( !        
homepage1 )\t a paywall1 email log91 or 
o!r re/riction to access2  7,,ii7 expla9
 & ju/ify ! det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y 9 
a writt5 decision cit+ relevant legal   
prec$5t1 copies ( :i* %all be s5t to !  
compla9ant1 ! in/itution1 & made        
available = public inspection1 includ+ =

 onl9e read+ by ! public2 &  7,,iii7    
in=m ! in/itution t ,f9al ,review has   
begun & t ! in/itution mu/ ei!r c]tify  
to ! ,secret>y t x has entirely )drawn !
 policy t occasion$ ! compla9t1 or      
submit a revis$ policy = review to !    
,secret>y n lat] ?an #fj days aft] !    
date ( receipt ( notice ( ! conclusion (
 ,second ,/age ,review4  7,d7 ,f9al     
review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,if an in/itution  
submits a revis$ policy = review z      
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c77ii77,,iii71 
! ,secret>y %all review su* revis$      
policy & det]m9e n lat] ?an #abj days   
aft] ! date ( comm5cem5t ( ,f9al ,review
 :e!r ! revis$ policy is consi/5t ) !   
expressive rights ( /ud5ts "u ! ,fir/   
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates & ) ! re/rictions on ! regulation
 ( spee* by "t1 place1 & mann] set =? 9 
?is ,act4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation (          
compliance ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es1 z  
describ$ 9 clause 7i71 t ! revis$ policy
 is consi/5t ) ! expressive rights (    
/ud5ts "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !         

,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ) !    
re/rictions on ! regulation ( spee* by  
"t1 place1 & mann] set =? 9 ?is ,act1 ! 
,secret>y %all notify ! compla9ant & !  
in/itution ( su* det]m9ation n m ?an #g 
days aft] ! date ! det]m9ation is made1 
!reby end+ ! f9al ,/age ,review4  7iii7 
,det]m9ation ( violation ,if ! ,secret>y
 det]m9es1 z describ$ 9 clause 7i71 t ! 
revis$ policy violates ! expressive     
rights ( /ud5ts "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !
 ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or !    
re/rictions on ! regulation ( spee* by  
"t1 place1 & mann] set =? 9 ?is ,act1 ! 
,secret>y %all-- 7,i7 notify !          
compla9ant & ! in/itution ( su*         
det]m9ation n m ?an #g days aft] ! date 
! det]m9ation is made1 !reby end+ ! f9al
 ,/age ,review2 &  7,,ii7 expla9 &      
ju/ify ! det]m9ation 9 a writt5 decision
 cit+ relevant legal prec$5t1 copies (  
:i* %all be s5t to ! compla9ant1 !      
in/itution1 & made available = public   
inspection1 includ+ = onl9e read+ by !  
public4  7,e7 ,loss ( eligibility  7i7  

,9 g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es1 dur+ 
! ,f9al ,/age ,review1 t ! in/itution's 
policy 9 "q violates ! expressive rights
 ( /ud5ts "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !      
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or !     
re/rictions on ! regulation ( spee* by  
"t1 place1 & mann] set =? 9 ?is ,act1 ! 
,secret>y %all-- 7,i7 notify !          
compla9ant & ! in/itution n m ?an #g    
days aft] ! date ( ! det]m9ation t !    
in/itution w lose eligibility to receive
 funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+ p>ticipation
 9 any program "u ?is title1 9          
accordance ) ?is subp>agraph2  7,,ii7   
notify ! in/itution t ! loss (          
eligibility %all g into effect beg9n+ ) 
any /ud5t notifi$ ( acceptance =        
admission to ! in/itution dur+ !        
academic ye> subsequ5t to ! academic ye>
 dur+ :i* ! det]m9ation is made1 & t no 
re/oration ( eligibility = ineligible   
/ud5ts 9 subsequ5t academic ye>s w occur
 prior to ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird academic ye>
 subsequ5t to ! academic ye> dur+ :i* ! 
det]m9ation is made2  7,,iii7 expla9 &  

ju/ify ! det]m9ation 9 a writt5 decision
 cit+ relevant legal prec$5t1 copies (  
:i* %all be s5t to ! compla9ant1 !      
in/itution1 & made available = public   
inspection1 includ+ = onl9e read+ by !  
public2 &  7,,iv7 require ! in/itution  
to po/ ! det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y on ! 
website ( ! in/itution1 )9 two clicks ( 
! homepage1 )\t a paywall1 email log91  
or o!r re/riction to access4  7ii7      
,cont9u$ eligibility ,ea* /ud5t enroll$ 
at ! in/itution dur+ ! academic ye> 9   
:i* eligibility is lo/ z describ$ 9 ?is 
subp>agraph1 & ea* /ud5t notifi$ (      
acceptance = admission to ! in/itution  
dur+ ! academic ye> 9 :i* eligibility is
 lo/ z describ$ 9 ?is subp>agraph1 %all 
cont9ue to be eligible to p>ticipate1   
?r\gh ! in/itution1 9 programs fund$ "u 
?is ,act dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod aft] ! date
 ( ! loss ( eligibility4  7,f7          
,re/oration ( eligibility  7i7 ,9 g5]al 
,n lat] ?an #g days aft] ! loss (       
eligibility "u subp>agraph 7,e71 !      
,secret>y %all in=m ! in/itution t x may

 re/ore eligibility1 ei!r by c]tify+ to 
! ,secret>y t x has entirely )drawn !   
policy t precipitat$ loss ( eligibility1
 or by submitt+ a revis$ policy = review
 at any "t foll[+ ! failure ( ! ,f9al   
,review4  7ii7 ,review ( revis$ policy  
,! ,secret>y %all review a revis$ policy
 submitt$ = review aft] ! loss (        
eligibility & det]m9e n lat] ?an #abj   
days aft] ! date ! revis$ policy is     
submitt$ :e!r x is consi/5t ) !         
expressive rights ( /ud5ts "u ! ,fir/   
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates & ) ! re/rictions on ! regulation
 ( spee* by "t1 place1 & mann] set =? 9 
?is ,act4  7iii7 ,inve/igation ,:ile    
conduct+ a review to re/ore eligibility 
"u ?is subp>agraph1 ! ,secret>y may     
conduct an inve/igation 9 :i* fur!r     
in=mation may be s\ght or reque/$ f !   
in/itution1 or any o!r s\rce ! ,secret>y
 det]m9es p]t95t4  7iv7 ,writt5 decision
 ,9 mak+ a det]m9ation ( :e!r a revis$  
policy submitt$ = review aft] ! loss (  
eligibility is ei!r consi/5t or         

inconsi/5t ) ! expressive rights (      
/ud5ts "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !         
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ) !    
re/rictions on ! regulation ( spee* by  
"t1 place1 & mann] set =? 9 ?is ,act1 ! 
,secret>y %all expla9 & ju/ify !        
det]m9ation 9 a writt5 decision cit+    
relevant legal prec$5t1 copies ( :i*    
%all be s5t to ! compla9ant1 !          
in/itution1 & made available = public   
inspection1 includ+ = onl9e read+ by !  
public4  7v7 ,limit on review ,!        
,secret>y may conduct n m ?an #a review 
to re/ore eligibility = a s+le          
in/itution 9 any giv5 academic ye>4     
7vi7 ,re/oration ,if an in/itution      
c]tifies to ! ,secret>y t ! policy t    
precipitat$ ! loss ( eligibility has be5
 entirely )drawn1 or if ,secret>y       
det]m9es t ! revis$ policy submitt$ =   
review is consi/5t ) ! expressive rights
 ( /ud5ts "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to !      
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ) !    
re/rictions on ! regulation ( spee* by  
"t1 place1 & mann] set =? 9 ?is ,act1 ! 

in/itution's eligibility to receive     
funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+ p>ticipation 
9 any program "u ?is title1 %all be     
re/or$ n e>li] ?an ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird    
academic ye> foll[+ ! ye> 9 :i*         
notification ( loss ( eligibility 0     
receiv$4  7,g7 ,good fai? repres5tation 
7i7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all in=m any 
in/itution und]go+ review ( its campus  
spee* policies t x expects ! in/itution 
to repres5t its policies1 along ) any   
propos$ revisions 9 su* policies1 9 good
 fai?4  7ii7 ,misrepres5tation  7,i7    
,compla9ts ,a /ud5t1 /ud5t organization1
 or any o!r p]son or organization may   
file1 ) ! employee 9 ! ,(fice (         
,po/second>y ,education ( ! ,dep>tm5t   
designat$ by ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph    
7#b7 to receive compla9ts1 a compla9t t 
an in/itution has sub/antially          
misrepres5t$ its spee* policies1 or     
)held in=mation reque/$ by ! ,secret>y  
dur+ an inve/igation1 or attempt$ to    
circumv5t ! review process by re9/itut+ 
a policy "u review 9 a sub/antially     

simil> =m )\t in=m+ ! ,secret>y4  7,,ii7
 ,loss ( eligibility ,if ! ,secret>y    
det]m9es ^u inve/igation1 or aft]       
receiv+ a compla9t "u subclause 7,i71 t 
an in/itution has sub/antially          
misrepres5t$ its spee* policies1 or     
)held in=mation reque/$ by ! ,secret>y  
dur+ an inve/igation1 or attempt$ to    
circumv5t ! review process by re9/itut+ 
a policy "u review 9 a sub/antially     
simil> =m )\t in=m+ ! ,secret>y1 !      
in/itution %all lose eligibility to     
receive funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+      
p>ticipation 9 any program "u ?is title4
  7iii7 ,loss ( eligibility ,if an      
in/itution loses eligibility "u clause  
7ii71 ! ,secret>y %all notify !         
in/itution1 n lat] ?an #g days aft] !   
det]m9ation1 t ! loss ( eligibility %all
 g into effect beg9n+ ) any /ud5t       
notifi$ ( acceptance = admission to !   
in/itution dur+ ! academic ye> subsequ5t
 to ! academic ye> dur+ :i* !           
det]m9ation is made1 & t no re/oration (
 eligibility = /ud5ts admitt$ 9         

subsequ5t academic ye>s w occur prior to
 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird academic ye>         
subsequ5t to ! academic ye> dur+ :i* !  
det]m9ation is made4  7f7 ,retaliation  
prohibit$  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,no p]son may  
intimidate1 ?reat51 co]ce1 or           
discrim9ate aga9/ any individual because
 ! individual has made a report or      
compla9t1 te/ifi$1 assi/$1 or p>ticipat$
 or refus$ to p>ticipate 9 any mann] 9  
an inve/igation1 proce$+1 or he>+ "u ?is
 section4  7#b7 ,specific circum/ances  
7,a7 ,ex]cise ( fir/ am5dm5t rights ,!  
ex]cise ( rights protect$ "u ! ,fir/    
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates does n con/itute retaliation     
prohibit$ "u p>agraph 7#a74  7,b7 ,code 
( conduct violation = mat]ially false   
/atem5t ,*>g+ an individual ) a code (  
conduct violation = mak+ a mat]ially    
false /atem5t 9 bad fai? 9 ! c\rse ( a  
grievance proce$+ "u ?is section does n 
con/itute retaliation prohibit$ "u      
p>agraph 7#a74 ,a det]m9ation reg>d+    
responsibility1 alone1 is n suffici5t to

 conclude t any p>ty made a mat]ially   
false /atem5t 9 bad fai?4  #dic;,f4     
,campus spee* policies at private       
univ]sities  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* private  
in/itution ( high] education eligible to
 receive funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+ any 
program "u ?is title1 %all-- 7#a7 po/ 9 
"o place on ! website ( ! in/itution all
 policies t p]ta9 to ! protection &     
regulation ( ! expressive rights (      
/ud5ts1 includ+ ! "r to submit a        
compla9t "u ?is section1 )9 #b clicks ( 
! homepage1 )\t a paywall1 email log91  
or o!r re/riction to access2  7#b7      
include a copy ( su* policies 9 a h&book
 di/ribut$ to new /ud5ts2 &  7#c7 s5d a 
copy (-- 7,a7 su* policies to ! employee
 ( ! ,dep>tm5t designat$ by ! ,secret>y 
to receive su* policies2 &  7,b7 any    
updates to su* policies to su* employee 
n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! date ( a     
*ange to su* policies4  7b7             
,responsibility = full policy disclosure
 ,ea* private in/itution ( high]        
education describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 %all

 include ) ! copy ( ! policies describ$ 
9 subsection 7a7-- 7#a7 a /atem5t       
affirm+ t all policies p]t95t to !      
protection & regulation ( ! expressive  
rights ( /ud5ts h be5 disclos$ 9 ! mann]
 requir$ by ?is section1 along ) an     
acceptance ( contractual obligation to  
publicly disclose all su* policies2 &   
7#b7 a /atem5t affirm+ t publication (  
su* policies z requir$ by ?is section   
e/abli%es a contractual obligation on ! 
"p ( ! in/itution to its /ud5ts to      
ma9ta9 & en=ce ! disclos$ policies1 &   
only ^? policies1 9 matt]s p]ta9+ to !  
protection & regulation ( ! expressive  
rights ( /ud5ts4  7c7 ,cause ( action   
7#a7 ,au?orization ,a /ud5t claim+ t a  
private in/itution ( high] education 9  
:i* ! /ud5t is enroll$ has violat$ any  
requirem5t or contractual obligation    
impos$ by ?is section may br+ an action 
9 a ,f$]al c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction 
to enjo9 su* violation or to recov]     
comp5satory damages1 reasonable c\rt    
co/s1 or reasonable attorney fees4  7#b7

 ,actions ,not)/&+ any o!r provision (  
law1 9 an action br\ght "u ?is          
subsection1 ! ,f$]al c\rt %all decide de
 novo all relevant que/ions ( fact &    
law1 includ+ ! int]pretation (          
con/itutional1 /atutory1 & regulatory   
provisions1 unless ! p>ties /ipulate    
o!rwise4 ,9 an action br\ght "u ?is     
subsection1 if ! c\rt f9ds a violation (
 subsection 7b71 ! c\rt-- 7,a7 %all--   
7i7 enjo9 ! violation2 &  7ii7 aw>d !   
/ud5t-- 7,i7 n less ?an #ejj = an       
initial violation2 &  7,,ii7 if ! /ud5t 
notifies ! in/itution ( ! violation1 #ej
 = ea* day ! violation cont9ues aft] !  
notification if ! in/itution did n act  
to discont9ue ! cause ( ! violation2 &  
7,b7 may aw>d a prevail+ pla9tiff-- 7i7 
comp5satory damages2  7ii7 reasonable   
c\rt co/s2 or  7iii7 reasonable attorney
 fees4  7d7 ,secret>ial requirem5ts     
7#a7 ,designation ( an employee ,!      
,secret>y %all designate an employee 9 !
 ,(fice ( ,po/second>y ,education 9 !   
,dep>tm5t :o %all-- 7,a7 receive &      

compile updat$ copies ( all policies    
p]ta9+ to ! protection & regulation ( ! 
expressive rights ( /ud5ts at private   
in/itutions ( high] education t receive 
funds "u ?is section1 includ+ any       
programs "u ?is title2  7,b7 pres]ve all
 records ( su* policies = a p]iod ( n   
less ?an #aj ye>s & make su* policies1 &
 ! dates !y 7 disclos$1 modifi$1 or     
)drawn1 available = public inspection1  
includ+ = onl9e read+ by ! public2  7,c7
 receive compla9ts f /ud5ts1 /ud5t      
organizations1 or f any o!r p]son or    
organization1 t believes a private      
in/itution ( high] education has n      
disclos$ a policy p]ta9+ to ! protection
 & regulation ( ! expressive rights (   
/ud5ts z requir$ by ?is section1 is     
en=c+ a policy p]ta9+ to ! expressive   
rights ( /ud5ts t has n be5 disclos$ z  
requir$ by ?is section1 or has fail$ to 
make & publi% a /atem5t affirm+         
contractual responsibility = full policy
 disclosure1 or affirm+ contractual     
responsibility = ! en=cem5t ( spee*     

policies1 z requir$ by ?is section2     
7,d7 n m ?an #g days aft] ! date (      
receipt ( a compla9t "u subp>agraph     
7,c71 review ! compla9t & reque/ a      
response f ! in/itution2  7,e7 und]take 
an inve/igation1 9 response to a        
compla9t "u subp>agraph 7,c7 or at !    
,secret>y's indep5d5t initiative1 to    
det]m9e :e!r a private in/itution (     
high] education has fail$ to disclose a 
policy p]ta9+ to ! protection &         
regulation ( ! expressive rights (      
/ud5ts z requir$ by ?is section1 is     
en=c+ a policy p]ta9+ to ! expressive   
rights ( /ud5ts t has n be5 disclos$ z  
requir$ by ?is section1 or has fail$ to 
make & publi% a /atem5t affirm+         
contractual responsibility = full policy
 disclosure1 or affirm+ contractual     
responsibility = ! en=cem5t ( spee*     
policies1 z requir$ by ?is section2 &   
7,f7 det]m9e1 n lat] ?an #abj days aft] 
! date ( receipt ( a compla9t or #abj   
days aft] ! date ( ! />t ( an           
inve/igation op5$ at ! ,secret>y's      

indep5d5t initiative1 :e!r ! private    
in/itution ( high] education 9 "q has   
fail$ to disclose a policy p]ta9+ to !  
protection & regulation ( ! expressive  
rights ( /ud5ts z requir$ by ?is        
section1 is en=c+ a policy p]ta9+ to !  
expressive rights ( /ud5ts t has n be5  
disclos$ z requir$ by ?is section1 or   
has fail$ to make & publi% a /atem5t    
affirm+ contractual responsibility =    
full spee* policy disclosure1 or affirm+
 contractual responsibility = ! en=cem5t
 ( spee* policies1 z requir$ by ?is     
section4  7#b7 ,loss ( eligibility  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t a  
private in/itution ( high] education has
 fail$ to disclose a policy p]ta9+ to ! 
protection & regulation ( ! expressive  
rights ( /ud5ts z requir$ by ?is        
section1 is en=c+ a policy p]ta9+ to !  
expressive rights ( /ud5ts t has n be5  
disclos$ z requir$ by ?is section1 or   
has fail$ to make & publi% a /atem5t    
affirm+ contractual responsibility =    
full spee* policy disclosure1 or affirm+

 contractual responsibility = ! en=cem5t
 ( spee* policies1 z requir$ by ?is     
section1 ! ,secret>y %all notify !      
in/itution &1 if applicable1 !          
compla9ant1 n m ?an #g days aft] ! date 
( su* det]m9ation1 t ! in/itution is out
 ( compliance ) ! requirem5ts = receiv+ 
funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+ p>ticipation 
9 any program "u ?is title1 b w be      
grant$ a grace p]iod ( #fj days to      
return to compliance be=e =mally los+   
eligibility = receiv+ funds "u ?is ,act1
 includ+ p>ticipation 9 any program "u  
?is title4  7,b7 ,specifications 9      
notification ,z "p ( ! notification "u  
subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,secret>y %all      
specify :i* policies ne$ to be disclos$ 
& :i* /atem5ts affirm+ contractual      
responsibility = spee* policy disclosure
 & contractual responsibility = spee*   
policy en=cem5t ne$ to be made & publi%$
 9 ord] = eligibility to be re/or$4     
7,c7 ,notification ( loss ( eligibility 
7i7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t1
 #fj days aft] be+ notifi$ t x is out ( 

compliance z describ$ 9 subp>agraph     
7,a71 ! in/itution has fail$ to return  
to compliance by mak+ ! appropriate     
spee* policy disclosures1 or /atem5t    
affirm+ contractual responsibility =    
full spee* policy disclosure1 or /atem5t
 affirm+ contractual responsibility =   
spee* policy en=cem5t1 ! ,secret>y %all 
notify ! in/itution &1 if applicable1 ! 
compla9ant1 n m ?an #g days aft] ! date 
( su* det]m9ation-- 7,i7 t ! in/itution 
w lose eligibility to receive funds "u  
?is ,act1 includ+ p>ticipation 9 any    
program "u ?is title2  7,,ii7 t ! loss (
 eligibility %all g into effect beg9n+ )
 any /ud5t notifi$ ( acceptance =       
admission to ! in/itution dur+ !        
academic ye> subsequ5t to ! academic ye>
 dur+ :i* ! det]m9ation is made1 & t no 
re/oration ( eligibility = ineligible   
/ud5ts 9 subsequ5t ye>s w occur prior to
 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird academic ye>         
subsequ5t to ! academic ye> dur+ :i* !  
det]m9ation is made2 &  7,,iii7 t !     
in/itution %all po/ ! det]m9ation ( !   

,secret>y on ! website ( ! in/itution1  
)9 two clicks ( ! homepage1 )\t a       
paywall1 email log91 or o!r re/riction  
to access4  7ii7 ,cont9u$ eligibility   
,ea* /ud5t enroll$ at ! in/itution dur+ 
! academic ye> 9 :i* eligibility is lo/ 
z describ$ 9 ?is subp>agraph1 & ea*     
/ud5t notifi$ ( acceptance = admission  
to ! in/itution dur+ ! academic ye> 9   
:i* eligibility is lo/ z describ$ 9 ?is 
subp>agraph1 %all cont9ue to be eligible
 to p>ticipate1 ?r\gh ! in/itution1 9   
programs fund$ "u ?is ,act dur+ ! #e-ye>
 p]iod aft] ! date ( ! loss (           
eligibility4  7#c7 ,re/oration (        
eligibility  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an  
#g days aft] ! loss ( eligibility "u    
p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,secret>y %all in=m !  
in/itution t x may re/ore eligibility by
 mak+ ! appropriate spee* policy        
disclosures1 or /atem5t affirm+         
contractual responsibility = full spee* 
policy disclosure1 or /atem5t affirm+   
contractual responsibility = spee*      
policy en=cem5t1 z direct$ by !         

,secret>y 9 con=mity ) ?is section4     
7,b7 ,review ,! ,secret>y %all review   
any policy disclosures1 or /atem5t      
affirm+ contractual responsibility =    
full spee* policy disclosure1 or /atem5t
 affirm+ contractual responsibility =   
spee* policy en=cem5t1 & det]m9e :e!r !y
 are suffici5t to re/ore eligibility =  
receiv+ funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+      
p>ticipation 9 any program "u ?is title1
 n lat] ?an #abj days aft] ! date (     
receipt ( su* disclosures or /atem5t4   
7,c7 ,inve/igation ,:ile conduct+ a     
review to re/ore eligibility "u ?is     
p>agraph1 ! ,secret>y may conduct an    
inve/igation 9 :i* fur!r in=mation may  
be s\ght or reque/$ f ! in/itution1 or  
any o!r s\rce ! ,secret>y det]m9es      
p]t95t4  7,d7 ,re/oration ,if !         
,secret>y det]m9es t ! in/itution "u    
review to re/ore eligibility "u ?is     
p>agraph has made ! policy disclosures1 
& issu$ ! /atem5t affirm+ contractual   
responsibility = full spee* policy      
disclosure1 & ! /atem5t affirm+         

contractual responsibility = spee*      
policy en=cem5t1 z requir$ by ?is       
section1 ! in/itution's eligibility to  
receive funds "u ?is ,act1 includ+      
p>ticipation 9 any program "u ?is title1
 %all be re/or$ n e>li] ?an ! beg9n+ ( !
 ?ird academic ye> foll[+ ! ye> 9 :i*   
notification ( loss ( eligibility 0     
receiv$4  7,e7 ,limit on review ,!      
,secret>y may conduct n m ?an #a review 
to re/ore eligibility = a s+le          
in/itution 9 any giv5 academic ye>4  7e7
 ,nonapplication to c]ta9 in/itutions   
,?is section %all n apply to an         
in/itution ( high] education t is       
controll$ by a religi\s organization4  4
  #aa4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( 
?is ,act1 or ! application ( su*        
provision to any p]son or circum/ance1  
is held to be uncon/itutional1 ! rema9d]
 ( ?is ,act1 & ! application ( ! rema9+ 
provisions ( ?is ,act to any p]son or   
circum/ance %all n be affect$4