,,ii #aagth ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #dbgd ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,may #ai 7legislative day1 ,may #ag71 #bjbb,mr4 ,lujn 7for himself1 ,mr4 ,padilla1 ,mrs4 ,murray1 ,mr4 ,wyden1 ,mrs4 ,feinstein1 ,ms4 ,cortez ,masto1 ,ms4 ,rosen1 ,mr4 ,heinrich1 and ,ms4 ,smith7 introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation ,a ,,bill ,to improve the ,federal effort to reduce wildland fire risks1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,national ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction ,program ,act of #bjbb4 #b4 ,definitions ,in this ,act3 7#a7 ,director ,the term ,director means the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology4 7#b7 ,fire environment ,the term fire environment means-- 7,a7 the environmental conditions1 such as soil moisture1 vegetation1 topography1 snowpack1 atmospheric temperature1 moisture1 and wind1 that influence-- 7i7 fuel and fire behavior2 and 7ii7 smoke dispersion and transport2 and 7,b7 the associated environmental impacts occurring during and after fire events4 7#c7 ,fireground ,the term fireground means the operational area at the scene of a fire controlled by an incident command system4 7#d7 ,fire weather ,the term fire weather means any type of weather conditions that influence the start1 spread1 character1 or behavior of wildfire or fires at the wildland-urban interface and all associated meteorological and chemical phenomena1 including air quality1 smoke1 and meteorological parameters such as relative humidity1 air temperature1 wind speed and direction1 and atmospheric composition and chemistry1 including emissions and mixing heights4 7#e7 ,national laboratory ,the term ,national ,laboratory has the meaning given the term in section #b of the ,energy ,policy ,act of #bjje 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aehja74 7#f7 ,program ,the term ,program means the ,national ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction ,program established under section #c4 7#g7 ,program agencies ,the term ,program agencies means any ,federal agency with responsibilities under the ,program4 7#h7 ,stakeholders ,the term stakeholders means any public or private organization engaged in addressing wildland fires1 associated smoke1 and their impacts1 including relevant ,federal agencies1 ,states1 territories1 ,tribes1 local governments1 businesses1 nonprofit organizations 7including national standards and building code organizations71 firefighting departments and organizations1 institutions of higher education1 ,national ,laboratories1 scientific disciplinary societies1 professional associations1 and other users of wildland fire data products4 7#i7 ,wildland fire ,the term wildland fire means any nonstructure fire that occurs in vegetation or natural fuels and includes wildfires originating from an unplanned ignition and prescribed fires4 7#aj7 ,wildland-urban interface ,the term ,wildland-,urban ,interface has the meaning given such term in section #d of the ,federal ,fire ,prevention and ,control ,act of #aigd 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #bbjc74 #c4 ,establishment of ,national ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction ,program 7a7 ,program required ,the ,president shall establish a program to achieve major measurable reductions in the losses of life1 property1 and natural resources from wildland fires through a coordinated ,federal effort-- 7#a7 to improve the assessment of fire environments and the understanding and prediction of wildland fires1 associated smoke1 and their impacts1 including-- 7,a7 at the wildland-urban interface2 7,b7 on communities1 buildings1 and other infrastructure2 7,c7 on ecosystem services and watersheds2 and 7,d7 social and economic impacts2 7#b7 to develop and encourage the adoption of science-based and cost-effective measures to enhance community resilience to wildland fires1 to address and mitigate wildland fire and associated smoke impacts1 and to restore natural fire regimes in fire-dependent ecosystems2 and 7#c7 to improve the understanding and mitigation of the effects of climate change1 drought1 and climate variability on wildland fire risk1 frequency1 and severity1 and to inform paragraphs 7#a7 and 7#b74 7b7 ,designation ,the program established under subsection 7a7 shall be known as the ,national ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction ,program4 #d4 ,activities of ,national ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction ,program ,the ,program shall consist of the activities described under section #h1 which shall be designed-- 7#a7 to support research and development1 including interdisciplinary research1 related to fire environments1 wildland fires1 associated smoke1 and their impacts1 in furtherance of a coordinated interagency effort to address wildland fire risk reduction2 7#b7 to support data management and stewardship1 the development and coordination of data systems and computational tools1 and the creation of a centralized1 integrated data collaboration environment for ,program agency data to accelerate the understanding of fire environments1 wildland fires1 associated smoke1 and their impacts1 and the benefits of wildland fire risk mitigation measures2 7#c7 to support the development of tools and technologies1 including decision support tools and risk and hazard maps1 to improve understanding1 monitoring1 and prediction of wildland fires and associated smoke and mitigation of their negative impacts2 7#d7 to support research and development activities to improve data1 tools1 and technologies that directly inform1 support1 and complement active land management1 forest and habitat restoration1 and healthy ecosystem practices executed by relevant ,federal agencies and ,state1 local1 territorial1 and ,tribal entities2 7#e7 to support education and training to expand the number of students and researchers in areas of study and research related to wildland fires2 7#f7 to accelerate the translation of research related to wildland fires and associated smoke into operations to reduce harm to communities1 buildings1 other infrastructure1 and ecosystem services2 7#g7 to conduct communication and outreach regarding wildland fire science and wildland fire risk mitigation to communities1 energy utilities and operators of other critical infrastructure1 and other relevant stakeholders2 7#h7 to support research and development projects funded under joint solicitations or through memoranda of understanding between not fewer than #b agencies participating in the ,program2 and 7#i7 to disseminate1 to the extent practicable1 scientific data and related products and services in formats meeting shared standards to enhance the interoperability1 usability1 and accessibility of ,program agency data1 including data under paragraph 7#b71 in order to better meet the needs of ,program agencies1 other ,federal agencies1 and relevant stakeholders4 #e4 ,interagency ,coordinating ,committee on ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction 7a7 ,establishment 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #ij days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,director shall establish an interagency coordinating committee for the ,program4 7#b7 ,designation ,the interagency coordinating committee established under paragraph 7#a7 shall known as the ,interagency ,coordinating ,committee on ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction 7in this section the ,committee74 7b7 ,membership ,the ,committee shall be composed of the following1 or their designees3 7#a7 ,the ,director4 7#b7 ,the ,director of the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy4 7#c7 ,the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation4 7#d7 ,the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration4 7#e7 ,the ,administrator of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency4 7#f7 ,the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,fire ,administration4 7#g7 ,the ,chief of the ,forest ,service4 7#h7 ,the ,administrator of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration4 7#i7 ,the ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency4 7#aj7 ,the ,secretary of ,energy4 7#aa7 ,the ,director of the ,office of ,management and ,budget4 7#ab7 ,the ,secretary of the ,interior4 7#ac7 ,the ,director of ,united ,states ,geological ,survey4 7#ad7 ,the ,secretary of ,health and ,human ,services4 7#ae7 ,the ,secretary of ,defense4 7#af7 ,the ,secretary of ,housing and ,urban ,development4 7#ag7 ,the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,food and ,agriculture4 7#ah7 ,the head of any other ,federal agency that the ,director considers appropriate4 7c7 ,meetings ,the members of the ,committee shall meet not less than twice each year for the first #b years of the ,committee and then not less frequently than once each year thereafter at the call of the ,director4 7d7 ,chairpersons ,the ,director and the ,director of the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy or their designees shall be co-chairpersons of the ,committee4 7e7 ,general purpose and duties ,the ,committee shall oversee the planning1 management1 and coordination of the ,program and solicit stakeholder input on ,program goals4 7f7 ,strategic plan 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,committee shall develop and submit to ,congress1 not later than #b years after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 a strategic plan for the ,program4 7#b7 ,contents ,the strategic plan developed and submitted under paragraph 7#a7 shall include the following3 7,a7 ,prioritized goals for the ,program1 consistent with the purposes of the ,program as described in section #c7;a74 7,b7 ,short-term1 mid-term1 and long-term research and development objectives to achieve those goals4 7,c7 ,a description of the role of each ,program agency in achieving the prioritized goals4 7,d7 ,a description of how the ,committee will foster collaboration between and among the ,program agencies and other ,federal agencies to help meet the goals of the ,program4 7,e7 ,the methods by which progress toward the goals will be assessed4 7,f7 ,an explanation of how the ,program will foster the translation of research into measurable reductions in the losses of life1 property1 and ecosystem services from wildland fires1 including recommended outcomes and metrics for each program goal and how operational ,program agencies will transition demonstrated technologies and research findings into decision support tools and operations4 7,g7 ,a description of the research infrastructure1 including databases and computational tools1 needed to accomplish the research and development objectives outlined in subparagraph 7,b71 a description of how research infrastructure in existence at the time of the development of the plan will be used to meet the objectives1 an explanation of how new research infrastructure will be developed to meet the objectives1 and a description of how the ,program will implement the integrated data collaboration environment per section #d7b74 7,h7 ,a description of how ,program agencies will collaborate with stakeholders and take into account stakeholder needs and recommendations in developing research and development objectives4 7,i7 ,recommendations on the most effective means to integrate the research results into wildland fire preparedness and response actions across ,federal1 ,state1 local1 ,tribal1 and territorial levels4 7,j7 ,guidance on how the ,committee's recommendations are best used in climate adaptation planning for ,federal1 ,state1 local1 ,tribal1 and territorial entities4 7,k7 ,a nationally recognized1 consensus-based definition of wildland-urban interface and other key terms and definitions relating to wildland fire1 developed in consideration of the meaning given such term in section #d of the ,federal ,fire ,prevention and ,control ,act of #aigd 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #bbjc74 7,l7 ,a description of opportunities to support new areas of research and development and new types of collaborations that seek to optimize building and landscape design across multiple resilience goals1 including resilience to wildland fires and other natural hazards1 energy efficiency1 and environmental sustainability4 7#c7 ,updates ,not later than #f years after the date of the enactment of this ,act and not less frequently than once every #d years thereafter1 the ,committee shall update the strategic plan developed under paragraph 7#a74 7g7 ,coordination with other ,federal efforts ,to the extent practicable1 the ,committee shall ensure that the activities of the ,program are coordinated with1 and not duplicative of1 other relevant ,federal initiatives and interagency bodies1 as appropriate1 including-- 7#a7 the ,joint ,fire ,science ,program2 7#b7 the ,wildland ,fire ,leadership ,council2 7#c7 the ,wildland ,fire ,management ,policy ,committee2 7#d7 the ,wildland ,fire ,mitigation and ,management ,commission2 7#e7 the ,national ,interagency ,fire ,center2 7#f7 the ,national ,interagency ,coordination ,center2 7#g7 the ,national ,predictive ,services ,oversight ,group2 7#h7 the ,interagency ,council for ,advancing ,meteorological ,services2 7#i7 the ,national ,windstorm ,impact ,reduction ,program2 7#aj7 the ,national ,multi-,agency ,coordinating ,group2 and 7#aa7 the ,mitigation ,framework ,leadership ,group4 7h7 ,assessment of need for ,national ,academies of ,sciences1 ,engineering1 and ,medicine study 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,committee shall assess-- 7,a7 the need for a study1 or a series of studies1 to be conducted by the ,national ,academies of ,sciences1 ,engineering1 and ,medicine2 and 7,b7 how such a study or studies could help identify research areas for further study and inform research objectives1 including further research into the interactions between climate change and wildland fires4 7#b7 ,briefing ,not later than #a year after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,committee shall brief the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,space1 ,science1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and on the findings of the ,committee with respect to the assessment conducted under paragraph 7#a74 7i7 ,progress report 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #edj days after the date of the submittal of the first strategic plan under subsection 7f7 and not less frequently than once every #b years thereafter1 the ,committee shall submit to ,congress a report on the progress of the ,program4 7#b7 ,contents ,each report submitted under paragraph 7#a7 shall include1 for the period covered by the report1 the following3 7,a7 ,a description of the activities funded under the ,program1 a description of how those activities align with the prioritized goals and research objectives established in the strategic plan under subsection 7f71 and the budgets1 per agency1 for these activities4 7,b7 ,the outcomes achieved by the ,program for each of the goals identified in the ,strategic ,plan4 #f4 ,national ,advisory ,committee on ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction 7a7 ,establishment 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,director shall establish an advisory committee on wildland fire risk reduction4 7#b7 ,designation ,the committee established under paragraph 7#a7 shall be known as the ,national ,advisory ,committee on ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction 7in this section referred to as the ,advisory ,committee74 7b7 ,composition 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,advisory ,committee shall be composed of not fewer than #g and not more than #ae members selected by the ,director from among those who the ,director considers are qualified to provide advice on wildland fire risk reduction and represent related scientific1 architectural1 and engineering disciplines1 including the following3 7,a7 ,representatives of research and academic institutions4 7,b7 ,standards development organizations4 7,c7 ,emergency management agencies4 7,d7 ,state1 local1 ,tribal1 and territorial governments4 7,e7 ,business communities4 7,f7 ,such others as the ,director considers appropriate4 7#b7 ,limitation ,none of the members of the ,advisory ,committee may be employees of the ,federal ,government4 7c7 ,duties ,the ,advisory ,committee shall carry out assessments and develop recommendations on-- 7#a7 trends and developments in the natural1 engineering1 and social sciences and practices of wildfire risk mitigation2 7#b7 the priorities of the ,program's strategic plan described in section #e7;f72 7#c7 the management1 coordination1 implementation1 and activities of the ,program2 7#d7 the effectiveness of the ,program in meeting its purposes2 and 7#e7 any need to revise the ,program4 7d7 ,compensation ,the members of the ,advisory ,committee shall serve without compensation4 7e7 ,biennial reports ,not less frequently than once every #b years1 the ,advisory ,committee shall submit to the ,director a report on the assessments carried out under subsection 7b7 and the recommendations developed under such subsection4 7f7 ,charter ,notwithstanding section #ad7;b77#b7 of the ,federal ,advisory ,committee ,act 7#e ,u4,s4,c4 ,app471 the ,advisory ,committee shall not be required to file a charter subsequent to its initial charter1 filed under section #i7;c7 of such ,act1 before the termination date specified in subsection 7g7 of this section4 7g7 ,termination ,the ,advisory ,committee shall terminate on ,september #cj1 #bjbf4 7h7 ,conflict of interest ,an ,advisory ,committee member shall recuse themselves from any ,advisory ,committee activity in which they have an actual pecuniary interest4 #g4 ,review by ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states ,not later than #c years after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall-- 7#a7 evaluate the progress and performance of the ,program in establishing and making progress toward the goals of the ,program as set forth in this ,act2 7#b7 develop such recommendations as the ,comptroller ,general determines are appropriate to improve the ,program2 and 7#c7 submit to ,congress a report on-- 7,a7 the findings of the ,comptroller ,general with respect to the evaluation carried out under paragraph 7#a72 and 7,b7 such recommendations as the ,comptroller ,general may have developed under paragraph 7#b74 #h4 ,responsibilities of ,national ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction ,program agencies 7a7 ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology 7#a7 ,research and development activities ,the ,director shall-- 7,a7 carry out research on the effect of wildland fires on communities1 buildings1 and other infrastructure1 including structure-to-structure transmission of fire and spread within communities2 7,b7 carry out research on the generation of firebrands and firebrand showers in wildland fires and on methods and materials to prevent or reduce firebrand ignition of communities1 buildings1 and other infrastructure2 7,c7 carry out research on novel materials1 systems1 structures1 and construction designs to harden structures1 parcels1 and communities to the impact of wildland fires2 7,d7 carry out research on the impact of environmental factors on wildland fire behavior1 including wind1 terrain1 and moisture2 7,e7 support the development of performance-based tools to mitigate the effect of wildland fires1 and work with appropriate groups to promote and assist in the use of such tools1 including through model building codes and fire codes1 standard test methods1 voluntary consensus standards1 and construction and retrofit best practices2 7,f7 in collaboration with the ,united ,states ,fire ,administration1 carry out research and development of decontamination methods and technologies for firefighting gear on and off the field2 7,g7 develop and execute a research plan on public safety communication coordination standards among ,federal1 ,state1 local1 territorial1 and ,tribal wildland firefighters1 fire management response officials1 and the ,national ,interagency ,fire ,center2 7,h7 carry out research to improve and integrate existing communications systems to transmit secure1 real-time data1 alerts1 and accurate advisories to wildland firefighters2 7,i7 carry out both live and virtual field testing and measurement of equipment1 software1 and other technologies to determine current effectiveness and timeliness of information dissemination and develop standards and best practices for the delivery of useful and secure real-time data to wildland firefighters2 and 7,j7 develop and publish recommendations to improve public safety communication coordination standards among wildland firefighters and member agencies of the ,national ,interagency ,fire ,center1 including providing such recommendations to the ,office of ,budget and ,management and the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy4 7#b7 ,wildland-urban interface fire post-investigations ,the ,director shall-- 7,a7 coordinate ,federal post-wildland fire investigations of fires at the wildland-urban interface2 and 7,b7 develop methodologies1 in coordination with the ,administrator of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency and in consultation with relevant stakeholders1 to characterize the effect of wildland fires on communities and the impact of changes in building and fire codes1 including methodologies-- 7i7 for collecting1 inventorying1 and analyzing information on the performance of communities1 buildings1 and other infrastructure in wildland fires2 and 7ii7 for improved collection of pertinent information from different sources1 including first responders1 the design and construction industry1 insurance companies1 and building officials4 7b7 ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation 7#a7 ,research and development activities ,the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation shall support research and development activities1 including large-scale convergent research-- 7,a7 to improve the understanding and prediction of wildland fire risks1 including the conditions that increase the likelihood of a wildland fire1 the behavior of wildland fires1 and the impacts of wildland fires on buildings1 communities1 infrastructure1 watersheds1 ecosystems1 and living systems2 7,b7 to develop and improve research infrastructure1 tools1 and technologies1 including sensors and sensor networks1 databases1 and computational models1 to enable and accelerate the understanding and prediction of wildland fires and their impacts2 7,c7 to improve the understanding of the impacts of climate change1 drought1 and climate variability on wildland fires1 including wildland fire risk1 frequency1 size1 and severity2 7,d7 to improve the understanding of long-term wildland fire management strategies1 including natural fire regimes1 and wildland fire prediction1 mitigation1 and resilience strategies2 and 7,e7 to improve the understanding of-- 7i7 the response to wildland fire risk communications by individuals1 communities1 and policymakers2 7ii7 economic1 social1 and other factors influencing the implementation and adoption of wildland fire risk reduction measures by individuals1 communities1 and policymakers2 and 7iii7 decision making regarding wildland fires and emergency response to wildland fires4 7#b7 ,wildland fire students and trainees ,the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation shall support undergraduate and graduate research opportunities and graduate and postdoctoral fellowships and traineeships in fields of study relevant to wildland fires and their impacts4 7c7 ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration 7#a7 ,research and development activities ,the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration shall support research and development activities1 including research1 observations1 modeling1 forecasting1 prediction1 and historical analysis of wildland fires and associated fire weather and smoke-- 7,a7 to improve understanding1 prediction1 detection1 forecasting1 monitoring1 and assessments of wildland fires and associated fire weather and smoke for-- 7i7 the protection of life1 property1 and natural resources2 and 7ii7 the enhancement of the national economy2 7,b7 to develop products and services to meet stakeholder needs2 7,c7 to transition physical and social science research into operations2 7,d7 to improve modeling and technology1 including coupled fire-atmosphere fire behavior modeling1 in consultation with relevant ,federal agencies2 7,e7 to improve the understanding of the links between fire weather events and subseasonal-to-climate impacts2 and 7,f7 to improve the forecasting and understanding of the impacts of prescribed fires and how such impacts differ from those of wildland fires which originate from an unplanned ignition4 7#b7 ,weather forecasting and decision support for wildland fires ,the ,administrator shall-- 7,a7 develop and provide1 in consultation with such ,federal agencies as the ,administrator considers appropriate1 accurate1 precise1 timely1 and effective risk communications1 forecasts1 watches1 and warnings relating to wildland fires and fire weather events that endanger life and property1 including-- 7i7 red flag warnings2 7ii7 operational fire weather alerts2 and 7iii7 any other warnings or alerts the ,administrator deems appropriate2 7,b7 provide relevant stakeholders and the public with impact-based decision support services1 seasonal climate predictions1 air quality products1 and smoke forecasts2 and 7,c7 provide on-site weather forecasts1 seasonal climate predictions1 and other decision support to wildland fire incident command posts1 including by deploying incident meteorologists for the duration of an extreme event4 7#c7 ,wildland fire data ,the ,administrator shall contribute to and support the centralized1 integrated data collaboration environment pursuant to section #d7b7 and any other relevant ,federal data systems by ensuring-- 7,a7 interoperability1 usability1 and accessibility of the ,national ,oceanographic and ,atmospheric ,administration data and tools relating to wildland fires1 associated smoke1 and their impacts2 7,b7 inclusion of historical wildland fire incident and fire weather data1 and identifying potential gaps in such data2 and 7,c7 the acquisition or collection of additional data that is needed to advance wildland fire science4 7#d7 ,wildland fire and fire weather surveillance and observations ,the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration1 in coordination with the ,administrator of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration and in consultation with relevant stakeholders1 shall-- 7,a7 leverage available observations1 technologies1 and assets and develop or acquire new technologies and data to sustain and enhance environmental observations used for wildland fire prediction and detection1 fire weather and smoke forecasting and monitoring1 and post-wildland fire recovery1 with a focus on-- 7i7 collecting data for pre-ignition analysis1 such as drought1 fuel conditions1 and soil moisture1 that will help predict severe wildland fire conditions on subseasonal to decadal timescales2 7ii7 supporting identification and classification of fire environments to determine vulnerability to wildland fires and rapid wildland fire growth2 7iii7 detecting1 observing1 and monitoring wildland fires and smoke2 7iv7 supporting research on the interaction of weather and wildland fire behavior2 and 7v7 supporting post-fire assessments conducted by ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders2 7,b7 prioritize the ability to detect1 observe1 and monitor wildland fire and smoke in the requirements of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration for current and future operational space-based assessments and commercial data purchases2 and 7,c7 not later than #a year after the date of the enactment of this ,act-- 7i7 may offer to enter into contracts with one or more entities to obtain additional space-based and airborne remoting sensing data and observations that may enhance or supplement-- 7,i7 the understanding1 monitoring1 prediction1 and mitigation of wildland fire risks2 and 7,,ii7 the relevant ,program activities under section #d2 and 7ii7 in carrying out clause 7i71 shall consult with private sector entities through the ,advisory ,committee established under section #f to identify needed tools and data that can best be provided by satellites of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration and are most beneficial to wildland fire smoke detection and monitoring4 7#e7 ,fire weather testbed ,in collaboration with ,program agencies and other relevant stakeholders1 the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration shall establish a fire weather testbed to evaluate physical and social science research1 technology1 and other available data and research to develop fire weather products and services for implementation by relevant stakeholders4 7#f7 ,extramural research ,the ,administrator shall-- 7,a7 collaborate with and support the non-,federal wildland fire research community1 which includes institutions of higher education1 private entities1 nongovernmental organizations1 and other relevant stakeholders1 by making funds available through competitive grants1 contracts1 and cooperative agreements2 and 7,b7 in carrying out the program under subparagraph 7,a71 the ,administrator1 in collaboration with other relevant ,federal agencies1 may establish one or more national centers for prescribed fire and wildfire sciences that leverage ,federal research and development with university and nongovernmental partnerships4 7#g7 ,high performance computing ,the ,administrator1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,energy1 shall acquire high performance computing technologies and supercomputing technologies1 leveraging existing resources1 as practicable-- 7,a7 to conduct research and development activities2 7,b7 to support the translation of ,program-related research to operations2 and 7,c7 to host operational fire and smoke forecast models4 7#h7 ,incident meteorologist workforce assessment 7,a7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall submit to the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives the results of an assessment of ,national ,weather ,service workforce and training challenges for incident meteorologists and a roadmap for overcoming the challenges identified4 7,b7 ,considerations ,the assessment described in subparagraph 7,a7 shall take into consideration-- 7i7 information technology support2 7ii7 logistical and administrative operations2 7iii7 anticipated weather and climate conditions2 and 7iv7 feedback from relevant stakeholders4 7,c7 ,contents ,the assessment described in subparagraph 7,a7 shall include1 to the maximum extent practicable1 an identification by the ,national ,weather ,service of-- 7i7 the expected number of incident meteorologists needed over the next #e years2 7ii7 potential hiring authorities necessary to overcome identified workforce and training challenges2 and 7iii7 alternative services or assistance operations the ,national ,weather ,service could provide to meet operational needs4 7d7 ,administrator of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,administrator of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency shall support-- 7,a7 the development of community risk assessment tools and effective mitigation techniques for responding to wildland fires1 including at the wildland-urban interface2 7,b7 the collection and analysis of data relating to wildland and wildland-urban interface fire and operational response2 7,c7 public outreach1 education1 and information dissemination relating to wildland fires and wildland fire risk2 and 7,d7 the promotion of wildland and wildland-urban interface fire preparedness and community risk reduction measures1 including-- 7i7 hardening the wildland-urban interface through proper construction materials2 7ii7 land use practices2 7iii7 sprinklers2 7iv7 assessment of ,state1 local1 ,tribal1 and territorial emergency response capacity and capabilities1 including evacuation planning and evacuation routes2 and 7v7 other tools and approaches as appropriate4 7#b7 ,fire-resistant practices ,in collaboration with the ,director and the heads of such other ,program agencies as the ,administrator considers appropriate1 the ,administrator shall-- 7,a7 promote and assist in the implementation of research results2 and 7,b7 promote fire-resistant building1 retrofit1 and land use practices within the design and construction industry1 including architects1 engineers1 contractors1 builders1 planners1 code officials1 and inspectors4 7#c7 ,knowledge transfer and dissemination ,the ,administrator shall-- 7,a7 establish and operate a wildland fire preparedness and mitigation technical assistance program to assist ,state1 ,tribal1 local1 and territorial governments in using wildland fire mitigation strategies1 including through the adoption and implementation of wildland and wildland-urban interface fire resistance codes1 standards1 and land use2 7,b7 incorporate wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk mitigation and loss avoidance data into the existing risk1 mitigation1 and loss avoidance analyses of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency2 7,c7 incorporate data on the adoption and implementation of wildland and wildland-urban interface fire resistant codes and standards into the hazard resistant code tracking resources of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency2 7,d7 translate new information and research findings into best practices to improve training and education for firefighter1 fire service1 and allied professions in wildland fire response1 crew deployment1 and wildland fire resilience1 prevention1 mitigation1 and firefighting2 7,e7 conduct outreach and disseminate information to fire departments regarding best practices for wildland and wildland-urban interface firefighting1 education1 training1 and fireground deployment2 and 7,f7 develop resources regarding best practices for establishing or enhancing peer-support programs within wildland fire firefighting units4 7#d7 ,wildland fire hazard severity map ,the ,administrator shall1 in collaboration with such other heads of ,program agencies and stakeholders as the ,administrator considers appropriate1 develop a national-level1 interactive1 and publicly accessible wildland fire hazard severity map that includes community and parcel level data and that can readily integrate with risk gradations within wildland and wildland-urban interface fire resistant codes and standards4 7#e7 ,,pfas study ,the ,administrator shall1 in coordination with the ,director and such other heads of ,federal agencies as the ,administrator considers appropriate1 carry out a study to-- 7,a7 examine perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances 7,,pfas7 and other potentially harmful contaminants in firefighter gear1 fire retardants1 and wetting agents2 7,b7 determine the lifecycle of firefighting garments2 and 7,c7 evaluate exposure risks based on different phases of the fire4 7e7 ,administrator of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,administrator of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration shall-- 7,a7 support relevant basic and applied scientific research and modeling2 7,b7 ensure the use in the ,program of all relevant ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration ,earth observations data for maximum utility2 7,c7 explore and apply novel tools and technologies in the activities of the ,program2 7,d7 support the translation of research to operations1 including to ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders2 7,e7 facilitate the communication of wildland fire research1 knowledge1 and tools to relevant stakeholders2 and 7,f7 use commercial data where such data is available and accessible through existing ,federal ,government commercial contracts1 agreements1 or other means1 and purchase data that is deemed necessary based on consultation with other ,program agencies4 7#b7 ,research and development activities ,the ,administrator shall support basic and applied wildland fire research and modeling activities1 including competitively selected research-- 7,a7 to improve understanding and prediction of fire environments1 wildland fires1 associated smoke1 and their impacts2 7,b7 to improve the understanding of the impacts of climate change1 drought1 and climate variability on wildland fire risk1 frequency1 size1 and severity2 7,c7 to characterize the pre-fire phase and fire-inducing conditions1 such as soil moisture and vegetative fuel availability2 7,d7 to characterize the active fire phase1 such as fire and smoke plume mapping1 fire behavior and spread modeling1 and domestic and global fire activity2 7,e7 to characterize the post-fire phase1 such as landscape changes1 air quality1 erosion1 landslides1 watershed impacts1 and impacts on carbon distributions in ecosystem biomass2 7,f7 to contribute to advancing predictive wildland fire models2 7,g7 to address other relevant investigations and measurements prioritized by the ,national ,academies of ,sciences1 ,engineering1 and ,medicine ,decadal ,survey on ,earth ,science and ,applications from ,space2 7,h7 to improve the translation of research knowledge into actionable information2 7,i7 to develop research and data products1 including maps1 decision-support information1 and tools1 and support related training as appropriate and practicable2 7,j7 to collaborate with other ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders1 as appropriate1 on joint research and development projects1 including research grant solicitations and field campaigns2 and 7,k7 to transition research advances to operations1 including to ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders1 as practicable4 7#c7 ,wildland fire data systems and computational tools ,the ,administrator shall-- 7,a7 identify1 from the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration's ,earth science data systems1 data1 including combined data products1 that can contribute to improving the understanding1 monitoring1 prediction1 and mitigation of wildland fires and their impacts1 including data related to fire weather1 plume dynamics1 smoke and fire behavior1 impacts of climate change1 drought1 and climate variability1 land and property burned1 and wildlife and ecosystem destruction1 among other areas2 7,b7 prioritize the dissemination of data identified under subparagraph 7,a7 to the widest extent practicable to support relevant research and operations stakeholders2 7,c7 consider opportunities to support the ,program under section #c and the ,program activities under section #d when planning and developing ,earth observation satellites1 instruments1 and airborne measurement platforms2 7,d7 identify opportunities1 in collaboration with ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders1 to acquire additional airborne and space-based data and observations that may enhance or supplement the understanding1 monitoring1 prediction1 and mitigation of wildland fire risks and other relevant ,program activities under section #d1 and consider such options as commercial solutions1 including commercial data purchases1 prize authority1 academic partnerships1 and ground-based or space-based instruments1 as practicable and appropriate2 and 7,e7 jointly develop with ,program agencies1 and contribute data to1 the centralized1 integrated data collaboration environment pursuant to section #d7b7 and any other relevant interagency systems1 by-- 7i7 collecting1 organizing1 and integrating the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration's scientific data1 data systems1 and computational tools related to wildland fires1 associated smoke1 and their impacts2 and 7ii7 enhancing the interoperability1 usability1 and accessibility of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration's scientific data1 data systems1 and computational tools1 including-- 7,i7 observation and available real-time and near-real-time measurements2 7,,ii7 derived science and data products1 such as fuel conditions1 risk and spread maps1 and data products to represent the wildland-urban interface2 7,,iii7 relevant historical and archival observations1 measurements1 and derived science and data products2 and 7,,iv7 other relevant decision support and information tools4 7#d7 ,unified concept of operations ,the ,administrator shall1 in collaboration with such other heads of ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders as the ,administrators considers as practicable and appropriate1 establish a program-- 7,a7 to develop and demonstrate a unified concept of operations for the safe and effective deployment of diverse air capabilities in active wildland fire monitoring1 mitigation1 and risk reduction2 7,b7 to develop-- 7i7 and demonstrate a wildland fire airspace operations system accounting for piloted aircraft1 uncrewed aerial systems1 and other new and emerging capabilities such as autonomous and high-altitude assets2 7ii7 an interoperable communications strategy to support such system2 and 7iii7 a roadmap for the on-ramping of new technologies1 capabilities1 or entities into such system2 and 7,c7 to identify-- 7i7 additional development1 testing1 and demonstration that would be required to expand the scale of program operations2 7ii7 actions that would be required to transition the unified concept of operations in subparagraph 7,a7 into ongoing1 operational use2 and 7iii7 other objectives for the program1 as deemed appropriate by the ,administrator4 7#e7 ,sensing for active wildfire monitoring and risk mitigation ,the ,administrator shall1 in collaboration with such other heads of ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders as the ,administrator considers practicable and appropriate-- 7,a7 develop and demonstrate affordable and deployable sensing technologies to improve-- 7i7 monitoring of fire fuel and active wildland fires2 7ii7 wildland fire behavior models and forecasts2 7iii7 mapping efforts2 and 7iv7 the prediction of wildland fires and mitigation of their negative impacts2 and 7,b7 in carrying out subparagraph 7,a7-- 7i7 conduct a pilot program to test and demonstrate technologies such as infrared1 microwave1 and radar sensors suitable for deployment on spacecraft1 aircraft1 uncrewed aerial systems1 and ground-based in situ platforms1 as appropriate and practicable2 7ii7 develop and demonstrate affordable and deployable sensing technologies that can be transitioned to operations for collection of near-real-time localized measurements2 7iii7 develop and demonstrate near-real-time data processing1 availability1 interoperability1 and visualization1 as practicable2 7iv7 identify opportunities and actions required1 in collaboration with ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders1 to transition relevant technologies1 techniques1 and data to science operations upon successful demonstration of the feasibility and scientific utility of such technologies1 techniques1 and data2 7v7 transition demonstrated technologies1 techniques1 and data into ongoing1 operational use1 including to ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders2 7vi7 prioritize and facilitate1 to the greatest extent practicable1 the dissemination of relevant scientific data to operations1 including to ,program agencies and relevant stakeholders2 and 7vii7 consider opportunities for potential partnerships among industry1 government1 ,national ,laboratories1 academic institutions1 non-profit organizations1 and other relevant stakeholders4 7f7 ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency 7#a7 ,research and development activities ,the ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency shall support research and development activities-- 7,a7 to improve the understanding of-- 7i7 wildland fire and smoke impacts on communities1 and outdoor and indoor air quality1 watersheds and water quality1 and freshwater ecosystems2 7ii7 wildland fire smoke plume characteristics1 chemical composition1 chemical transformation1 and transport2 7iii7 wildland fire and smoke impacts on contaminant containment and remediation2 7iv7 the contribution of wildland fire emissions to climate-forcing emissions2 7v7 differences between the impacts of prescribed fires1 as compared to other wildland fires1 on communities and air and water quality2 and 7vi7 climate change1 drought1 and climate variability on wildland fires and smoke plumes1 including on smoke exposure2 7,b7 to develop and improve tools1 sensors1 and technologies1 including databases and computational models1 to accelerate the understanding1 monitoring1 and prediction of wildland fires and smoke exposure2 and 7,c7 to better integrate observational data1 such as remote sensing data from academic1 governmental1 or commercial sources1 into wildland fire and smoke characterization models to improve modeling at finer temporal and spatial resolutions4 7#b7 ,risk reduction communication strategies ,the ,administrator shall1 in coordination with such other heads of ,federal agencies and stakeholders as the ,administrator considers appropriate1 promote the translation of research findings under this subsection and improve communication of wildland fire and smoke risk reduction strategies to the public4 7g7 ,secretary of ,energy 7#a7 ,research and development activities ,the ,secretary of ,energy shall1 in collaboration with the ,national ,laboratories1 carry out research and development activities to advance tools1 techniques1 and technologies1 as the ,secretary considers applicable1 for-- 7,a7 withstanding and addressing the current and projected impacts of wildland fires on energy sector infrastructure2 7,b7 providing real-time or near-time awareness of the risks posed by wildland fires to the operation of energy infrastructure in affected and potentially affected areas1 including by leveraging the ,department of ,energy's high-performance computing capabilities and climate and ecosystem models2 7,c7 early detection of malfunctioning1 damaged1 or otherwise hazardous electrical equipment on the transmission and distribution grid1 including detection of spark ignition that may cause wildland fires1 and assessment of competing technologies and strategies for addressing such hazards2 7,d7 assisting with the planning1 safe execution of1 and safe and timely restoration of power after emergency power shut offs relating to wildland fire risk due to malfunctioning or damaged grid infrastructure2 7,e7 improving electric grid and energy sector safety and resilience in the event of multiple simultaneous or co-located weather or climate events leading to extreme conditions1 such as extreme wind1 wildland fires1 extreme cold1 extreme or exceptional drought1 and extreme heat2 7,f7 improving coordination between utilities and relevant ,federal agencies to enable communication1 information-sharing1 and situational awareness in the event of wildland fires that impact the electric grid2 7,g7 wildland fire forecasting1 spread1 and ecosystem impact2 7,h7 considering optimal building energy efficiency practices and distributed renewable energy resource strategies1 as practicable1 in wildland fire research2 and 7,i7 considering the use of real-time satellite views1 sensing wind patterns1 and tracking operations of energy infrastructure service coupled with artificial intelligence to quickly predict fire patterns once they have ignited and use these predictions to devise plans to prevent damage to energy sector infrastructure4 7#b7 ,transmission infrastructure resilience and risk reduction ,the ,secretary shall coordinate data across relevant entities1 including academic1 governmental1 ,national ,laboratory1 and other stakeholders1 to improve the understanding of wildland fire and to promote resilience and wildland fire prevention in the planning1 design1 construction1 operation1 and maintenance of transmission infrastructure4 7#c7 ,national laboratories ,the ,secretary shall use the capabilities of the ,national ,laboratories1 including user facilities1 earth and environmental systems modeling resources1 and high-performance computing and data analytics capabilities1 to improve the accuracy of efforts to understand and predict wildfire behavior and occurrence and mitigate negative wildland fire impacts4 7#d7 ,economic and social implications of power disruptions ,the ,secretary shall foster engagement between the ,national ,laboratories and practitioners1 researchers1 policy organizations1 utilities1 and other entities1 as appropriate1 to understand the economic and social implications of power disruptions caused by wildland fires1 particularly within disadvantaged communities and regions vulnerable to wildland fires1 including rural areas4 #i4 ,budget activities ,beginning with the first submittal of the budget of the ,president under section #aaje7;a7 of title #ca1 ,united ,states ,code1 after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,director1 the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation1 the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration1 the ,director of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency1 the ,administrator of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration1 the ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency1 and the ,secretary of ,energy shall each ensure that whenever the budget justification materials are submitted to ,congress in support of their respective ,federal agencies under such section1 such budget justification materials include a description of the projected activities of the respective agency under the ,program for the fiscal year covered by the budget and an estimate of the amount such agency plans to spend on such activities for the relevant fiscal year4 #aj4 ,authorization of appropriations for ,national ,wildland ,fire ,risk ,reduction ,program 7a7 ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology ,there are authorized to be appropriated to the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology to carry out this ,act amounts as follows3 7#a7 #ce1hjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbb4 7#b7 #cf1ajj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbc4 7#c7 #cf1djj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbd4 7#d7 #cf1gjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbe4 7#e7 #cg1ajj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbf4 7b7 ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration ,there are authorized to be appropriated to the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration to carry out this ,act amounts as follows3 7#a7 #bjj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbb4 7#b7 #bae1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbc4 7#c7 #bbj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbd4 7#d7 #bcj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbe4 7#e7 #bej1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbf4 7c7 ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency ,there are authorized to be appropriated to the ,administrator of the ,federal ,emergency ,management ,agency to carry out this ,act amounts as follows3 7#a7 #f1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbb4 7#b7 #f1djj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbc4 7#c7 #f1gjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbd4 7#d7 #g1ajj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbe4 7#e7 #g1fjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbf4 7d7 ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration ,there are authorized to be appropriated to the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration to carry out this ,act amounts as follows3 7#a7 #ie1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbb4 7#b7 #ajj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbc4 7#c7 #aaj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbd4 7#d7 #aaj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbe4 7#e7 #aaj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbf4 7e7 ,environmental ,protection ,agency ,there is authorized to be appropriated to the ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency to carry out this ,act amounts as follows3 7#a7 #aa1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbb4 7#b7 #aa1gjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbc4 7#c7 #ab1djj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbd4 7#d7 #ac1ajj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbe4 7#e7 #ac1ijj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbf4 7f7 ,department of ,energy ,there is authorized to be appropriated to the ,department of ,energy to carry out this ,act amounts as follows3 7#a7 #e1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbb4 7#b7 #e1cjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbc4 7#c7 #e1fjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbd4 7#d7 #e1ijj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbe4 7#e7 #f1cjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbf4