,,ii ,cal5d> ,no4 #adc #aag? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,s4 #d ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,octob] #e1 #bjba,mr4 ,leahy 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,s*um]1 ,mr4 ,durb91 ,mr4 ,blum5?al1 ,mr4 ,w>nock1 ,mr4 ,oss(f1 ,ms4 ,baldw91 ,mr4 ,b5net1 ,mr4 ,book]1 ,mr4 ,br[n1 ,ms4 ,cantwell1 ,mr4 ,c>d91 ,mr4 ,c>p]1 ,mr4 ,casey1 ,mr4 ,coons1 ,ms4 ,cortez ,ma/o1 ,ms4 ,duckwor?1 ,mrs4 ,fe9/e91 ,mrs4 ,gillibr&1 ,ms4 ,hassan1 ,mr4 ,he9ri*1 ,mr4 ,hick5loop]1 ,ms4 ,hirono1 ,mr4 ,ka9e1 ,mr4 ,kelly1 ,mr4 ,k+1 ,ms4 ,klobu*>1 ,mr4 ,lujn1 ,mr4 ,m>key1 ,mr4 ,m55dez1 ,mr4 ,m]kley1 ,mr4 ,murphy1 ,mrs4 ,murray1 ,mr4 ,padilla1 ,mr4 ,pet]s1 ,mr4 ,re$1 ,ms4 ,ros51 ,mr4 ,s&]s1 ,mr4 ,s*atz1 ,mrs4 ,%ahe51 ,ms4 ,s9ema1 ,ms4 ,smi?1 ,ms4 ,/ab5[1 ,mr4 ,te/]1 ,mr4 ,van ,holl51 ,mr4 ,w>n]1 ,ms4 ,w>r51 ,mr4 ,:iteh\se1 & ,mr4 ,wyd57 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read ! fir/ "t ,octob] #f1 #bjba,read ! second "t & plac$ on ! cal5d> ,a ,,bill ,to am5d ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife to revise ! crit]ia = det]m9+ :i* ,/ates & political subdivisions are subject to section #d ( ! ,act1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjba4 ,i ,am5dm5ts to ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act #aja4 ,vote dilution1 d5ial1 & abridgm5t claims 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #b7;a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja7;a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by ins]t+ aft] appli$ by any ,/ate or political subdivision ! foll[+3 = ! purpose (1 or2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ z provid$ 9 subsection 7b7 & ins]t+ z provid$ 9 subsection 7b71 7c71 7d71 or 7e74 7b7 ,vote dilution ,section #b ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja71 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is fur!r am5d$ by /rik+ subsection 7b7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7b7 ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 = vote dilution is e/abli%$ if1 bas$ on ! totality ( circum/ances1 x is %[n t ! political processes lead+ to nom9ation or election 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision are n equally op5 to p>ticipation by memb]s ( a class ( citiz5s protect$ by subsection 7a7 9 t its memb]s h less opportunity ?an o!r memb]s ( ! electorate to p>ticipate 9 ! political process & to elect repres5tatives ( _! *oice4 ,! ext5t to :i* memb]s ( a protect$ class h be5 elect$ to (fice 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision is "o circum/ance :i* may be consid]$3 ,provid$1 ,t no?+ 9 ?is section e/abli%es a "r to h memb]s ( a protect$ class elect$ 9 numb]s equal to _! proportion 9 ! population4 ,! legal /&>d articulat$ 9 ,?ornburg v4 ,g+les1 #dgh ,u4,s4 #cj 7#aihf71 gov]ns claims "u ?is subsection4 ,= purposes ( ?is subsection a class ( citiz5s protect$ by subsection 7a7 may include a cohesive coalition ( memb]s ( diff]5t racial or language m9ority gr\ps4 4 7c7 ,vote d5ial or abridgem5t ,section #b ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja71 z am5d$ by subsections 7a7 & 7b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7c7 7#a7 ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 = vote d5ial or abridgm5t is e/abli%$ if ! *all5g$ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure imposes a discrim9atory burd5 on memb]s ( a class ( citiz5s protect$ by subsection 7a71 mean+ t-- 7,a7 memb]s ( ! protect$ class face great] difficulty 9 comply+ ) ! /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure1 consid]+ ! totality ( ! circum/ances2 & 7,b7 su* great] difficulty is1 at lea/ 9 "p1 caus$ by or l9k$ to social & hi/orical conditions t h produc$ or curr5tly produce discrim9ation aga9/ memb]s ( ! protect$ class4 7#b7 ,! *all5g$ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ne$ only be a b-= cause ( ! discrim9atory burd5 or p]petuate a pre-exi/+ discrim9atory burd54 7#c7 7,a7 ,! totality ( ! circum/ances = consid]ation relative to a violation ( subsection 7a7 = vote d5ial or abridgm5t %all include ! foll[+ factors1 :i*1 individually & collectively1 %[ h[ a vot+ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure c function to amplify ! effects ( pa/ or pres5t racial discrim9ation3 7i7 ,! hi/ory ( (ficial vot+-relat$ discrim9ation 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision4 7ii7 ,! ext5t to :i* vot+ 9 ! elections ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision is racially pol>iz$4 7iii7 ,! ext5t to :i* ! ,/ate or political subdivision has us$ unduly burd5some photographic vot] id5tification requirem5ts1 docum5t>y pro( ( citiz5%ip requirem5ts1 docum5t>y pro( ( resid5ce requirem5ts1 or o!r vot+ /&>ds1 practices1 or proc$ures beyond ^? requir$ by ,f$]al law t may impair ! ability ( memb]s ( ! protect$ class to p>ticipate fully 9 ! political process4 7iv7 ,! ext5t to :i* memb]s ( ! protect$ class be> ! effects ( discrim9ation 9 areas su* z education1 employm5t1 & heal?1 :i* h9d] ! ability ( ^? memb]s to p>ticipate effectively 9 ! political process4 7v7 ,! use ( ov]t or subtle racial appeals ei!r 9 political campaigns or surr\nd+ ! adoption or ma9t5ance ( ! *all5g$ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure4 7vi7 ,! ext5t to :i* memb]s ( ! protect$ class h be5 elect$ to public (fice 9 ! jurisdiction1 except t ! fact t ! protect$ class is too small to elect c&idates ( its *oice %all n defeat a claim ( vote d5ial or abridgm5t "u ?is section4 7vii7 ,:e!r !re is a lack ( responsiv5ess on ! "p ( elect$ (ficials to ! p>ticul>iz$ ne$s ( memb]s ( ! protect$ class4 7viii7 ,:e!r ! policy und]ly+ ! ,/ate or political subdivision's use ( ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure has a t5u\s connection to t qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure4 7,b7 ,a p>ticul> comb9ation or numb] ( factors "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all n be requir$ to e/abli% a violation ( subsection 7a7 = vote d5ial or abridgm5t4 7,c7 ,! totality ( ! circum/ances = consid]ation relative to a violation ( subsection 7a7 = vote d5ial or abridgm5t %all n include ! foll[+ factors3 7i7 ,! total numb] or %>e ( memb]s ( a protect$ class on :om a *all5g$ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure does n impose a mat]ial burd54 7ii7 ,! degree to :i* ! *all5g$ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure has a long p$igree or 0 9 widespread use at "s e>li] date4 7iii7 ,! use ( an id5tical or simil> /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 o!r ,/ates or political subdivisions4 7iv7 ,! availability ( o!r =ms ( vot+ unimpact$ by ! *all5g$ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure to all memb]s ( ! electorate1 includ+ memb]s ( ! protect$ class1 unless ! ,/ate or political subdivision is simultane\sly exp&+ ^? o!r /&>ds1 practices1 or proc$ures to elim9ate any disproportionate burd5 impos$ by ! *all5g$ /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure4 7v7 ,a prophylactic impact on pot5tial crim9al activity by individual vot]s1 if su* crimes h n occurr$ 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision 9 sub/antial numb]s4 7vi7 ,m]e invocation ( int]e/s 9 vot] confid5ce or prev5tion ( fraud4 4 7d7 ,int5d$ vote dilution or vote d5ial or abridgm5t ,section #b ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja71 z am5d$ by subsections 7a71 7b71 & 7c7 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7d7 7#a7 ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 is also e/abli%$ if a *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure is int5d$1 at lea/ 9 "p1 to dilute ! vot+ /r5g? ( a protect$ class or to d5y or abridge ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b74 7#b7 ,discrim9ation on acc\nt ( race or color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b71 ne$ only be "o purpose ( a qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 ord] to e/abli% a violation ( subsection 7a71 z describ$ 9 ?is subsection4 ,a qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure int5d$ to dilute ! vot+ /r5g? ( a protect$ class or to make x m difficult = memb]s ( a protect$ class to ca/ a ballot t w be c\nt$ con/itutes a violation ( subsection 7a71 z describ$ 9 ?is subsection1 ev5 if an additional purpose ( ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure is to b5efit a p>ticul> political p>ty or gr\p4 7#c7 ,rec5t context1 includ+ actions by (ficial decisionmak]s 9 prior ye>s or 9 o!r contexts prec$+ ! decision responsible = ! *all5g$ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure1 & includ+ actions by pr$ecessor gov]nm5t actors or individual memb]s ( a decisionmak+ body1 may be relevant to mak+ a det]m9ation ab\t a violation ( subsection 7a71 z describ$ "u ?is subsection4 7#d7 ,a claim t a violation ( subsection 7a7 has occurr$1 z describ$ "u ?is subsection1 %all require pro( ( a discrim9atory impact b %all n require pro( ( violation ( subsection 7b7 or 7c74 4 #ajb4 ,retrogression ,section #b ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 z am5d$ by section #aja ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7e7 ,a violation ( subsection 7a7 is e/abli%$ :5 a ,/ate or political subdivision enacts or seeks to adm9i/] any qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ 9 any election t has ! purpose ( or w h ! effect ( dim9i%+ ! ability ( any citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on acc\nt ( race or color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b71 to p>ticipate 9 ! electoral process or elect _! pref]r$ c&idates ( *oice4 ,?is subsection applies to any action tak5 on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjba1 by a ,/ate or political subdivision to enact or seek to adm9i/] any su* qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice or proc$ure4 7f7 ,not)/&+ ! provisions ( subsection 7e71 f9al decisions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia on applications or petitions by ,/ates or political subdivisions = precle>ance "u section #e ( any *anges 9 vot+ pr]equisites1 /&>ds1 practices1 or proc$ures1 sup]s$e ! provisions ( subsection 7e74 4 #ajc4 ,violations trigg]+ au?ority ( c\rt to reta9 jurisdiction 7a7 ,types ( ,violations ,section #c7;c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ violations ( ! f\rte5? or fifte5? am5dm5t & ins]t+ violations ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t1 violations ( ?is ,act1 or violations ( any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation 9 vot+ on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p14 7b7 ,con=m+ ,am5dm5t ,section #c7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ violations ( ! f\rte5? or fifte5? am5dm5t & ins]t+ violations ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t1 violations ( ?is ,act1 or violations ( any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation 9 vot+ on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p14 #ajd4 ,crit]ia = cov]age ( ,/ates & political subdivisions 7a7 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,section #d7;a7 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #d7;b7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;b77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 7b7 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,requirem5ts 7#a7 ,exi/5ce ( vot+ rights violations dur+ previ\s #be ye>s 7,a7 ,/atewide application ,subsection 7a7 applies ) respect to a ,/ate & all political subdivisions )9 ! ,/ate dur+ a cal5d> ye> if-- 7i7 fifte5 or m vot+ rights violations occurr$ 9 ! ,/ate dur+ ! previ\s #be cal5d> ye>s2 or 7ii7 t5 or m vot+ rights violations occurr$ 9 ! ,/ate dur+ ! previ\s #be cal5d> ye>s1 at lea/ "o ( :i* 0 committ$ by ! ,/ate itself 7z oppos$ to a political subdivision )9 ! ,/ate74 7,b7 ,application to specific political subdivisions ,subsection 7a7 applies ) respect to a political subdivision z a sep>ate unit dur+ a cal5d> ye> if ?ree or m vot+ rights violations occurr$ 9 ! subdivision dur+ ! previ\s #be cal5d> ye>s4 7#b7 ,p]iod ( application 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 if1 pursuant to p>agraph 7#a71 subsection 7a7 applies ) respect to a ,/ate or political subdivision dur+ a cal5d> ye>1 subsection 7a7 %all apply ) respect to su* ,/ate or political subdivision = ! p]iod-- 7i7 t beg9s on ,janu>y #a ( ! ye> 9 :i* subsection 7a7 applies2 & 7ii7 t ends on ! date :i* is #aj ye>s aft] ! date describ$ 9 clause 7i74 7,b7 ,no fur!r application aft] decl>atory judgm5t 7i7 ,/ates ,if a ,/ate obta9s a decl>atory judgm5t "u subsection 7a71 & ! judgm5t rema9s 9 effect1 subsection 7a7 %all no long] apply to su* ,/ate & all political subdivisions 9 ! ,/ate pursuant to p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 unless1 aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t1 p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 applies to ! ,/ate solely on ! basis ( vot+ rights violations occurr+ aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t4 7ii7 ,political subdivisions ,if a political subdivision obta9s a decl>atory judgm5t "u subsection 7a71 & ! judgm5t rema9s 9 effect1 subsection 7a7 %all no long] apply to su* political subdivision pursuant to p>agraph 7#a71 includ+ pursuant to p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 7relat+ to ! /atewide application ( subsection 7a771 unless1 aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t1 p>agraph 7#a77;,b7 applies to ! political subdivision solely on ! basis ( vot+ rights violations occurr+ aft] ! issuance ( ! decl>atory judgm5t4 7#c7 ,det]m9ation ( vot+ rights violation ,= purposes ( p>agraph 7#a71 a vot+ rights violation occurr$ 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision if any ( ! foll[+ applies3 7,a7 ,judicial relief2 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t ,any f9al judgm5t 7t 0 n rev]s$ on appeal7 occurr$1 9 :i* ! pla9tiff prevail$ & 9 :i* any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates det]m9$ t a d5ial or abridgem5t ( ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p occurr$1 or t a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ creat$ an undue burd5 on ! "r to vote 9 connection ) a claim t ! law unduly burd5$ vot]s ( a p>ticul> race1 color1 or language m9ority gr\p1 9 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision4 7,b7 ,judicial relief2 violations ( ?is ,act ,any f9al judgm5t 7t 0 n rev]s$ on appeal7 occurr$ 9 :i* ! pla9tiff prevail$ & 9 :i* any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates det]m9$ t a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ 0 impos$ or appli$ or w\ld h be5 impos$ or appli$ any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision 9 a mann] t result$ or w\ld h result$ 9 a d5ial or abridgem5t ( ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 9 violation ( subsection 7e7 or 7f7 or section #b1 #bja1 or #bjc4 7,c7 ,f9al judgm5t2 ,d5ial ( decl>atory judgm5t ,9 a f9al judgm5t 7t 0 n be5 rev]s$ on appeal71 any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has d5i$ ! reque/ ( ! ,/ate or subdivision = a decl>atory judgm5t "u section #c7;c7 or section #e1 & !reby prev5t$ a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ f be+ en=c$ any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision4 7,d7 ,objection by ! ,attorney ,g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al has int]pos$ an objection "u section #c7;c7 or section #e1 & !reby prev5t$ a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ f be+ en=c$ any:]e )9 ! ,/ate or subdivision4 ,a violation "u ?is subp>agraph has n occurr$ :]e an objection has be5 )drawn by ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 unless ! )drawal 0 9 response to a *ange 9 ! law or practice t s]v$ z ! basis ( ! objection4 ,a violation "u ?is subp>agraph has n occurr$ :]e ! objection is bas$ solely on a ,/ate or political subdivision's failure to comply ) a proc$ural process t w\ld n o!rwise c\nt z an indep5d5t violation ( ?is ,act4 7,e7 ,cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or o!r agreem5t 7i7 ,agreem5t ,a cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or o!r agreem5t 0 adopt$ or ent]$ by a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t conta9s an admission ( liability by ! def5dants1 :i* result$ 9 ! alt]ation or ab&onm5t ( a vot+ practice any:]e 9 ! t]ritory ( su* ,/ate or subdivision t 0 *all5g$ on ! gr\nd t ! practice d5i$ or abridg$ ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 violation ( subsection 7e7 or 7f7 or section #b1 #bja1 or #bjc1 or ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t4 7ii7 ,indep5d5t violations ,a volunt>y ext5sion or cont9uation ( a cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or agreem5t describ$ 9 clause 7i7 %all n c\nt z an indep5d5t violation "u ?is subp>agraph4 ,any o!r ext5sion or modification ( su* a cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or agreem5t1 if ! cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or agreem5t has be5 9 place = t5 ye>s or long]1 %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation "u ?is subp>agraph4 ,if a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f9ds t a cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or agreem5t describ$ 9 clause 7i7 itself d5i$ or abridg$ ! "r ( any citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 violat$ subsection 7e7 or 7f7 or section #b1 #bja1 or #bjc1 or creat$ an undue burd5 on ! "r to vote 9 connection ) a claim t ! cons5t decree1 settlem5t1 or o!r agreem5t unduly burd5$ vot]s ( a p>ticul> race1 color1 or language m9ority gr\p1 t f9d+ %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation "u ?is subp>agraph4 7,f7 ,multiple violations ,ea* in/ance 9 :i* a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 includ+ ea* r$i/rict+ plan1 is f\nd to be a violation by a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates pursuant to subp>agraph 7,a7 or 7,b71 or prev5t$ f be+ en=c$ pursuant to subp>agraph 7,c7 or 7,d71 or alt]$ or ab&on$ pursuant to subp>agraph 7,e7 %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation "u ?is p>agraph4 ,)9 a r$i/rict+ plan1 ea* violation "u ?is p>agraph f\nd to discrim9ate aga9/ any gr\p ( vot]s bas$ on race1 color1 or language m9ority gr\p %all c\nt z an indep5d5t violation "u ?is p>agraph4 7#d7 ,tim+ ( det]m9ations 7,a7 ,det]m9ations ( vot+ rights violations ,z e>ly z practicable dur+ ea* cal5d> ye>1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all make ! det]m9ations requir$ by ?is subsection1 includ+ updat+ ! li/ ( vot+ rights violations occurr+ 9 ea* ,/ate & political subdivision = ! previ\s cal5d> ye>4 7,b7 ,effective ^u publication 9 ,f$]al ,regi/] ,a det]m9ation or c]tification ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u ?is section or "u section #h or #ac %all be effective ^u publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]4 4 7#b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,section #d7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;a77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce ( ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ any ,/ate ) respect to :i* & all t foll[s ?r\gh unless & ins]t+ any ,/ate to :i* ?is subsection applies dur+ a cal5d> ye> pursuant to det]m9ations made "u subsection 7b71 or 9 any political subdivision ( su* ,/ate 7z su* subdivision exi/$ on ! date su* det]m9ations 7 made ) respect to su* ,/ate71 ?\gh su* det]m9ations 7 n made ) respect to su* subdivision z a sep>ate unit1 or 9 any political subdivision ) respect to :i* ?is subsection applies dur+ a cal5d> ye> pursuant to det]m9ations made ) respect to su* subdivision z a sep>ate unit "u subsection 7b71 unless2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 9 ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ ! second s5t5ce2 7,c7 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision seek+ a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,d7 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision seek+ a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,e7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision seek+ a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,f7 9 p>agraph 7#e71 by /rik+ 79 ! case ( a ,/ate or subdivision :i* s\ght a decl>atory judgm5t "u ! second s5t5ce ( ?is subsection72 7,g7 by /rik+ p>agraphs 7#g7 & 7#h72 & 7,h7 by r$esignat+ p>agraph 7#i7 z p>agraph 7#g74 7b7 ,cl>ification ( ,treatm5t ( ,memb]s ( ,language ,m9ority ,gr\ps ,section #d7;a77#a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;a77#a771 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is fur!r am5d$1 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ race or color1 & ins]t+ race or color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees ( subsection 7f77#b714 7c7 ,facilitat+ bail\t ,section #d7;a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;a771 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is fur!r am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#a77;,c72 7#b7 by ins]t+ at ! beg9n+ ( p>agraph 7#g71 z r$esignat$ by subsection 7a77#b77;,h71 ! foll[+3 ,any pla9tiff seek+ a decl>atory judgm5t "u ?is subsection on ! gr\nds t ! pla9tiff meets ! requirem5ts ( p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ t ! ,attorney ,g5]al cons5t to entry ( judgm5t42 & 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#h7 ,if a political subdivision is subject to ! application ( ?is subsection1 due to ! applicability ( subsection 7b77#a77;,a71 ! political subdivision may seek a decl>atory judgm5t "u ?is section if ! subdivision demon/rates t ! subdivision meets ! crit]ia e/abli%$ by ! subp>agraphs ( p>agraph 7#a71 = ! #aj ye>s prec$+ ! date on :i* subsection 7a7 appli$ to ! political subdivision "u subsection 7b77#a77;,a74 7#i7 ,if a political subdivision 0 n subject to ! application ( ?is subsection by reason ( a decl>atory judgm5t ent]$ prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjba1 & is n1 subsequ5t to t date ( enactm5t1 subject to ! application ( ?is subsection "u subsection 7b77#a77;,b71 !n t political subdivision %all n be subject to ! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection4 4 #aje4 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,precle>ance = ,cov]$ ,practices ,! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq47 is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #d ! foll[+3 #d;,a4 ,det]m9ation ( ,/ates & ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,precle>ance = ,cov]$ ,practices 7a7 ,practice-,bas$ precle>ance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* ,/ate & ea* political subdivision %all-- 7,a7 id5tify any newly enact$ or adopt$ law1 regulation1 or policy t includes a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+1 or a /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 t is a cov]$ practice describ$ 9 subsection 7b72 & 7,b7 ensure t no su* cov]$ practice is implem5t$ unless or until ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 z ! case may be1 complies ) subsection 7c74 7#b7 ,det]m9ations ( *>act]i/ics ( vot+-age population 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,z e>ly z practicable dur+ ea* cal5d> ye>1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 9 consultation ) ! ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus & ! heads ( o!r relevant (fices ( ! gov]nm5t1 %all make ! det]m9ations requir$ by ?is section reg>d+ vot+-age populations & ! *>act]i/ics ( su* populations1 & %all publi% a li/ ( ! ,/ates & political subdivisions to :i* a vot+-age population *>act]i/ic describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 applies4 7,b7 ,publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] ,a det]m9ation 7includ+ a c]tification7 ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u ?is p>agraph %all be effective ^u publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]4 7b7 ,cov]$ practices ,to assure t ! "r ( citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote is n d5i$ or abridg$ on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p z a result ( ! implem5tation ( c]ta9 qualifications or pr]equisites to vot+1 or /&>ds1 practices1 or proc$ures ) respect to vot+1 newly adopt$ 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ! foll[+ %all be cov]$ practices subject to ! requirem5ts describ$ 9 subsection 7a73 7#a7 ,*anges to me?od ( election ,any *ange to ! me?od ( election-- 7,a7 to add seats elect$ at-l>ge 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision :]e-- 7i7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 respectively2 or 7ii7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision2 or 7,b7 to conv]t "o or m seats elect$ f a s+le-memb] di/rict to "o or m at-l>ge seats or seats f a multi-memb] di/rict 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision :]e-- 7i7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 respectively2 or 7ii7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision4 7#b7 ,*anges to political subdivision b\nd>ies ,any *ange or s]ies ( *anges )9 a ye> to ! b\nd>ies ( a political subdivision t r$uces by #c or m p]c5tage po9ts ! p]c5tage ( ! political subdivision's vot+-age population t is compris$ ( memb]s ( a s+le racial gr\p or language m9ority gr\p 9 ! political subdivision :]e-- 7,a7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! political subdivision's vot+-age population2 or 7,b7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! political subdivision4 7#c7 ,*anges ?r\gh r$i/rict+ ,any *ange to ! b\nd>ies ( di/ricts = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local elections 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision :]e any racial gr\p or language m9ority gr\p t is n ! l>ge/ racial gr\p or language m9ority gr\p 9 ! jurisdiction & t repres5ts #ae p]c5t or m ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision's vot+-age population exp]i5ces a population increase ( at lea/ #bj p]c5t ( its vot+-age population1 ov] ! prec$+ decade 7z calculat$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus71 9 ! jurisdiction4 7#d7 ,*anges 9 docum5tation or qualifications to vote ,any *ange to requirem5ts = docum5tation or pro( ( id5tity to vote or regi/] to vote 9 elections = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fices t w exce$ or be m /r+5t ?an su* requirem5ts "u ,/ate law on ! day be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjba4 7#e7 ,*anges to multil+ual vot+ mat]ials ,any *ange t r$uces multil+ual vot+ mat]ials or alt]s ! mann] 9 :i* su* mat]ials are provid$ or di/ribut$1 :]e no simil> r$uction or alt]ation occurs 9 mat]ials provid$ 9 ,engli% = su* election4 7#f7 ,*anges t r$uce1 consolidate1 or relocate vot+ locations1 or r$uce vot+ opportunities ,any *ange t r$uces1 consolidates1 or relocates vot+ locations 9 elections = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice1 includ+ e>ly1 abs5tee1 & election-day vot+ locations1 or r$uces days or h\rs ( 9-p]son vot+ on any ,sunday dur+ a p]iod occurr+ prior to ! date ( an election = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice dur+ :i* vot]s may ca/ ballots 9 su* election1 or prohibits ! provision ( food or non-alcoholic dr9k to p]sons wait+ to vote 9 an election = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice1 except :]e ! provision w\ld violate prohibitions on exp5ditures to influ5ce vot+1 if ! location *ange1 r$uction 9 days or h\rs1 or prohibition applies-- 7,a7 9 "o or m c5sus tracts 9 :i* two or m language m9ority gr\ps or racial gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population2 or 7,b7 on ,indian l&s 9 :i* at lea/ #bj p]c5t ( ! vot+-age population belongs to a s+le language m9ority gr\p4 7#g7 ,new li/ ma9t5ance process ,any *ange to ! ma9t5ance process = vot] regi/ration li/s t adds a new basis = removal f ! li/ ( active vot]s regi/]$ to vote 9 elections = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice1 or t incorporates new s\rces ( in=mation 9 det]m9+ a vot]'s eligibility to vote 9 elections = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice1 if su* a *ange w\ld h a /ati/ically significant disp>ate impact1 conc]n+ ! removal f vot] rolls1 on memb]s ( racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps t con/itute great] ?an #e p]c5t ( ! vot+-age population-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( a political subdivision impos+ su* *ange if-- 7i7 two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population ( ! political subdivision2 or 7ii7 a s+le language m9ority gr\p repres5ts #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population on ,indian l&s locat$ 9 :ole or 9 "p 9 ! political subdivision2 or 7,b7 9 ! case ( a ,/ate impos+ su* *ange1 if two or m racial gr\ps or language m9ority gr\ps ea* repres5t #bj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+-age population (-- 7i7 ! ,/ate2 or 7ii7 a political subdivision 9 ! ,/ate1 except t ! requirem5ts "u subsections 7a7 & 7c7 %all apply only ) respect to ea* su* political subdivision individually4 7c7 ,precle>ance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al 7,a7 ,action ,:5ev] a ,/ate or political subdivision ) respect to :i* ! requirem5ts set =? 9 subsection 7a7 are 9 effect %all enact1 adopt1 or seek to implem5t any cov]$ practice describ$ "u subsection 7b71 su* ,/ate or subdivision may in/itute an action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia = a decl>atory judgm5t t su* cov]$ practice nei!r has ! purpose nor w h ! effect ( d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 & unless & until ! c\rt ent]s su* judgm5t su* cov]$ practice %all n be implem5t$4 7,b7 ,submission to attorney g5]al 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 su* cov]$ practice may be implem5t$ )\t su* proce$+ if ! cov]$ practice has be5 submitt$ by ! *ief legal (fic] or o!r appropriate (ficial ( su* ,/ate or subdivision to ! ,attorney ,g5]al & ! ,attorney ,g5]al has n int]pos$ an objection )9 #fj days aft] su* submission1 or ^u good cause %[n1 to facilitate an exp$it$ approval )9 #fj days aft] su* submission1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al has affirmatively indicat$ t su* objection w n be made4 ,= purposes ( det]m9+ :e!r exp$it$ consid]ation ( approval is requir$ "u ?is subp>agraph or section #e7;a71 an exig5cy su* z a natural disa/]1 t requires a *ange 9 a vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ dur+ ! p]iod ( #cj days be=e a ,f$]al election1 %all be consid]$ to be good cause requir+ t exp$it$ consid]ation4 7ii7 ,effect ( indication ,nei!r an affirmative indication by ! ,attorney ,g5]al t no objection w be made1 nor ! ,attorney ,g5]al's failure to object1 nor a decl>atory judgm5t ent]$ "u ?is subsection %all b> a subsequ5t action to enjo9 implem5tation ( su* cov]$ practice4 ,9 ! ev5t ! ,attorney ,g5]al affirmatively indicates t no objection w be made )9 ! #fj-;day p]iod foll[+ receipt ( a submission1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may res]ve ! "r to reexam9e ! submission if additional in=mation comes to ! ,attorney ,g5]al's att5tion dur+ ! rema9d] ( ! #fj-;day p]iod :i* w\ld o!rwise require objection 9 accordance ) ?is subsection4 7,c7 ,c\rt ,any action "u ?is subsection %all be he>d & det]m9$ by a c\rt ( ?ree judges 9 accordance ) ! provisions ( section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 & any appeal %all lie to ! ,supreme ,c\rt4 7#b7 ,d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote ,any cov]$ practice describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 t has ! purpose ( or w h ! effect ( dim9i%+ ! ability ( any citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 to elect _! pref]r$ c&idates ( *oice d5ies or abridges ! "r to vote )9 ! mean+ ( p>agraph 7#a74 7#c7 ,purpose def9$ ,! t]m purpose 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#b7 %all include any discrim9atory purpose4 7#d7 ,purpose ( p>agraph 7#b7 ,! purpose ( p>agraph 7#b7 is to protect ! ability ( su* citiz5s to elect _! pref]r$ c&idates ( *oice4 7d7 ,en=cem5t ,! ,attorney ,g5]al or any aggriev$ citiz5 may file an action 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to compel any ,/ate or political subdivision to satisfy ! obligations set =? 9 ?is section4 ,su* an action %all be he>d & det]m9$ by a c\rt ( ?ree judges "u section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,9 any su* action1 ! c\rt %all provide z a rem$y t implem5tation ( any vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+1 or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 t is ! subject ( ! action "u ?is subsection be enjo9$ unless ! c\rt det]m9es t-- 7#a7 ! vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+1 or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 is n a cov]$ practice describ$ 9 subsection 7b72 or 7#b7 ! ,/ate or political subdivision has compli$ ) subsection 7c7 ) respect to ! cov]$ practice at issue4 7e7 ,c\nt+ ( racial gr\ps & language m9ority gr\ps ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! calculation ( ! population ( a racial gr\p or a language m9ority gr\p %all be c>ri$ out us+ ! me?odology 9 ! guidance ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice entitl$ ,guidance ,conc]n+ ,r$i/rict+ ,"u ,section #e ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act2 ,notice 7#gf ,f$4 ,reg4 #gdgj 7,febru>y #i1 #bjaa774 7f7 ,special rule ,= purposes ( det]m9ations "u ?is section1 any data provid$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus1 :e!r bas$ on e/imation f a sample or actual enum]ation1 %all n be subject to *all5ge or review 9 any c\rt4 7g7 ,multil+ual vot+ mat]ials ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m multil+ual vot+ mat]ials means regi/ration or vot+ notices1 =ms1 in/ructions1 assi/ance1 or o!r mat]ials or in=mation relat+ to ! electoral process1 includ+ ballots1 provid$ 9 ! language or languages ( "o or m language m9ority gr\ps4 4 #ajf4 ,promot+ transp>5cy to en=ce ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act 7a7 ,transp>5cy ,! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #e ! foll[+3 #f4 ,transp>5cy reg>d+ *anges to protect vot+ rights 7a7 ,notice ( enact$ *anges 7#a7 ,notice ( ,*anges ,if a ,/ate or political subdivision makes any *ange 9 any qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+ 9 any election = ,f$]al (fice t w result 9 ! qualification or pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure be+ diff]5t f t :i* 0 9 effect z ( #ahj days be=e ! date ( ! election = ,f$]al (fice1 ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( a concise description ( ! *ange1 includ+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! *ang$ qualification or pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure & ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure :i* 0 previ\sly 9 effect4 ,! public notice describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph1 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 %all be 9 a =mat t is reasonably conv5i5t & accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7#b7 ,deadl9e = notice ,a ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide ! public notice requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 n lat] ?an #dh h\rs aft] mak+ ! *ange involv$4 7b7 ,transp>5cy ,reg>d+ ,poll+ ,place ,res\rces 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ord] to id5tify any *anges t may impact ! "r to vote ( any p]son1 prior to ! #cj? day be=e ! date ( an election = ,f$]al (fice1 ea* ,/ate or political subdivision ) responsibility = allocat+ regi/]$ vot]s1 vot+ ma*9es1 & (ficial poll work]s to p>ticul> prec9cts & poll+ places %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( ! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 = prec9cts & poll+ places )9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision4 ,! public notice describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph1 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 %all be 9 a =mat t is reasonably conv5i5t & accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7#b7 ,in=mation describ$ ,! in=mation describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph ) respect to a prec9ct or poll+ place is ea* ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,! "n or numb]4 7,b7 ,9 ! case ( a poll+ place1 ! location1 includ+ ! /reet address1 & :e!r su* poll+ place is accessible to p]sons ) disabilities4 7,c7 ,! vot+-age population ( ! area s]v$ by ! prec9ct or poll+ place1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p if su* breakd[n is reasonably available to su* ,/ate or political subdivision4 7,d7 ,! numb] ( regi/]$ vot]s assign$ to ! prec9ct or poll+ place1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p if su* breakd[n is reasonably available to su* ,/ate or political subdivision4 7,e7 ,! numb] ( vot+ ma*9es assign$1 includ+ ! numb] ( vot+ ma*9es accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7,f7 ,! numb] ( (ficial paid poll work]s assign$4 7,g7 ,! numb] ( (ficial volunte] poll work]s assign$4 7,h7 ,9 ! case ( a poll+ place1 ! dates & h\rs ( op]ation4 7#c7 ,updates 9 in=mation report$ ,if a ,/ate or political subdivision makes any *ange 9 any ( ! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( ! *ange 9 ! in=mation n lat] ?an #dh h\rs aft] ! *ange occurs or1 if ! *ange occurs few] ?an #dh h\rs be=e ! date ( ! election = ,f$]al (fice1 z soon z practicable aft] ! *ange occurs4 ,! public notice describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph & publi%$ on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision %all be 9 a =mat t is reasonably conv5i5t & accessible to p]sons ) disabilities :o are eligible to vote1 includ+ p]sons :o h l[ vision or are bl9d4 7c7 ,transp>5cy ( ,*anges ,relat+ to ,demographics & ,electoral ,di/ricts 7#a7 ,requir+ public notice ( *anges ,n lat] ?an #aj days aft] mak+ any *ange 9 ! con/itu5cy t w p>ticipate 9 an election = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice or ! b\nd>ies ( a vot+ unit or electoral di/rict 9 an election = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local (fice 7includ+ ?r\gh r$i/rict+1 reapportionm5t1 *ang+ f at-l>ge elections to di/rict-bas$ elections1 or *ang+ f di/rict-bas$ elections to at-l>ge elections71 a ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide reasonable public notice 9 su* ,/ate or political subdivision & on ! website ( a ,/ate or political subdivision1 ( ! demographic & electoral data describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c7 = ea* ( ! geographic areas describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b74 7#b7 ,geographic areas describ$ ,! geographic areas describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph are z foll[s3 7,a7 ,! ,/ate z a :ole1 if ! *ange applies /atewide1 or ! political subdivision z a :ole1 if ! *ange applies across ! entire political subdivision4 7,b7 ,if ! *ange includes a plan to replace or elim9ate vot+ units or electoral di/ricts1 ea* vot+ unit or electoral di/rict t w be replac$ or elim9at$4 7,c7 ,if ! *ange includes a plan to e/abli% new vot+ units or electoral di/ricts1 ea* su* new vot+ unit or electoral di/rict4 7#c7 ,demographic & electoral data ,! demographic & electoral data describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph ) respect to a geographic area describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 are ea* ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,! vot+-age population1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p4 7,b7 ,! numb] ( regi/]$ vot]s1 brok5 d[n by demographic gr\p if su* breakd[n is reasonably available to ! ,/ate or political subdivision involv$4 7,c7 7i7 ,if ! *ange applies to a ,/ate1 ! actual numb] ( votes1 or 7if x is n reasonably practicable = ! ,/ate to asc]ta9 ! actual numb] ( votes7 ! e/imat$ numb] ( votes receiv$ by ea* c&idate 9 ea* /atewide election held dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod :i* ends on ! date ! *ange involv$ is made2 & 7ii7 if ! *ange applies to only "o political subdivision1 ! actual numb] ( votes1 or 7if x is n reasonably practicable = ! political subdivision to asc]ta9 ! actual numb] ( votes7 ! e/imat$ numb] ( votes 9 ea* subdivision-wide election held dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod :i* ends on ! date ! *ange involv$ is made4 7#d7 ,volunt>y ,compliance by small] jurisdictions ,compliance ) ?is subsection %all be volunt>y = a political subdivision ( a ,/ate unless ! subdivision is "o ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,a c\nty or p>i%4 7,b7 ,a municipality ) a population great] ?an #aj1jjj1 z det]m9$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 7,c7 ,a s*ool di/rict ) a population great] ?an #aj1jjj1 z det]m9$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 ,= purposes ( ?is subp>agraph1 ! t]m s*ool di/rict means ! geographic area "u ! jurisdiction ( a local educational ag5cy 7z def9$ 9 section #haja ( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y ,education ,act ( #aife74 7d7 ,rules ,reg>d+ ,=mat ( ,in=mation ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may issue rules specify+ a reasonably conv5i5t & accessible =mat t ,/ates & political subdivisions %all use to provide public notice ( in=mation "u ?is section4 7e7 ,no d5ial ( "r ,to vote ,! "r to vote ( any p]son %all n be d5i$ or abridg$ because ! p]son fail$ to comply ) any *ange made by a ,/ate or political subdivision to a vot+ qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure if ! ,/ate or political subdivision involv$ did n meet ! applicable requirem5ts ( ?is section ) respect to ! *ange4 7f7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section-- 7#a7 ! t]m demographic gr\p means ea* gr\p :i* section #b protects f ! d5ial or abridgem5t ( ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( race or color1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b72 7#b7 ! t]m election = ,f$]al (fice means any g5]al1 special1 prim>y1 or run(f election held solely or 9 "p = ! purpose ( elect+ any c&idate = ! (fice ( ,presid5t1 ,vice ,presid5t1 ,presid5tial elector1 ,s5ator1 ,memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 or ,delegate or ,resid5t ,commission] to ! ,congress2 & 7#c7 ! t]m p]sons ) disabilities1 means individuals ) a disability1 z def9$ 9 section #c ( ! ,am]icans ) ,disabilities ,act ( #aiij4 4 7b7 ,effective ,date ,! am5dm5t made by subsection 7a77#a7 %all apply ) respect to *anges :i* are made on or aft] ! expiration ( ! #fj-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #ajg4 ,au?ority to assign obs]v]s 7a7 ,cl>ification ( ,au?ority 9 ,political ,subdivisions ,subject to ,precle>ance ,section #h7;a77#b77;,b7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7;a77#b77;,b77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 7,b7 9 ! ,attorney ,g5]al's judgm5t1 ! assignm5t ( obs]v]s is o!rwise necess>y to en=ce ! gu>antees ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t or any provision ( ?is ,act or any o!r ,f$]al law protect+ ! "r ( citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to vote2 or 4 7b7 ,assignm5t ( ,obs]v]s ,to ,en=ce ,bil+ual ,election ,requirem5ts ,section #h7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7;a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ or at ! end ( p>agraph 7#a72 7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#b7 ! foll[+3 7#c7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al c]tifies ) respect to a political subdivision t-- 7,a7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al has receiv$ writt5 m]itori\s compla9ts f resid5ts1 elect$ (ficials1 or civic p>ticipation organizations t ef=ts to violate section #bjc are likely to occur2 or 7,b7 9 ! ,attorney ,g5]al's judgm5t1 ! assignm5t ( obs]v]s is necess>y to en=ce ! gu>antees ( section #bjc2 2 & 7#c7 by mov+ ! m>g9 = ! cont9uation text foll[+ p>agraph 7#c71 z add$ by p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is subsection1 #b ems to ! left4 7c7 ,transf]ral ( au?ority ov] obs]v]s to ! ,attorney ,g5]al 7#a7 ,en=cem5t proce$+s ,section #c7;a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,unit$ ,/ates ,civil ,s]vice ,commission 9 accordance ) section #f & ins]t+ ,attorney ,g5]al 9 accordance ) section #h4 7#b7 ,obs]v]s2 appo9tm5t & comp5sation ,section #h ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 subsection 7a71 9 ! flu% matt] at ! end1 by /rik+ ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,p]sonnel ,managem5t %all assign z _m obs]v]s = su* subdivision z ! ,director & ins]t+ ,attorney ,g5]al %all assign z _m obs]v]s = su* subdivision z ! ,attorney ,g5]al2 7,b7 9 subsection 7c71 by /rik+ ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,p]sonnel ,managem5t & ins]t+ ,attorney ,g5]al2 & 7,c7 9 subsection 7c71 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,p]sonnel ,managem5t may1 ) ! cons5t ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 assi/ 9 ! selection1 recruitm5t1 hir+1 tra9+1 or deploym5t ( ^! or o!r individuals au?oriz$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al = ! purpose ( obs]v+ :e!r p]sons :o are entitl$ to vote are be+ p]mitt$ to vote & :e!r ^? votes are be+ prop]ly tabulat$44 7#c7 ,t]m9ation ( c]ta9 appo9tm5ts ( obs]v]s ,section #ac7;a77#a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcji7;a77#a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ notifies ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,p]sonnel ,managem5t1 & ins]t+ det]m9es14 #ajh4 ,cl>ification ( au?ority to seek relief 7a7 ,poll tax ,section #aj7;b7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjf7;b77 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al is au?oriz$ & direct$ to in/itute =?) 9 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates su* actions1 & ins]t+ an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute su* actions4 7b7 ,cause ( action ,section #ab7;d7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjh7;d77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 7d7 ,:5ev] !re are reasonable gr\nds to believe t any p]son has engag$ 91 or is ab\t to engage 91 any act or practice t w\ld 7#a7 d5y any citiz5 ! "r to regi/]1 to ca/ a ballot1 or to h t ballot c\nt$ prop]ly & includ$ 9 ! appropriate totals ( votes ca/ 9 violation ( ! #ad?1 #ae?1 #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5ts to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 7#b7 violate subsection 7a7 or 7b7 ( section #aa1 or 7#c7 violate any o!r provision ( ?is ,act or any o!r ,f$]al vot+ rights law t prohibits discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p1 an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute an action = prev5tive relief1 includ+ an application = a tempor>y or p]man5t injunction1 re/ra9+ ord]1 or o!r appropriate ord]4 ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all be con/ru$ to create a cause ( action = civil en=cem5t ( crim9al provisions ( ?is or any o!r ,act4 4 7c7 ,judicial relief ,section #bjd ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejd7 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! fir/ s5t5ce & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 ,:5ev] !re are reasonable gr\nds to believe t a ,/ate or political subdivision has engag$ or is ab\t to engage 9 any act or practice prohibit$ by a provision ( ?is title1 an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute an action 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = a re/ra9+ ord]1 a prelim9>y or p]man5t injunction1 or su* o!r ord] z may be appropriate44 7d7 ,en=cem5t ( tw5ty-six? am5dm5t ,section #cja7;a77#a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajgja7;a77#a77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 7a7 7#a7 ,an aggriev$ p]son or 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute an action 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = a re/ra9+ ord]1 a prelim9>y or p]man5t injunction1 or su* o!r ord] z may be appropriate to implem5t ! #bf? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 4 #aji4 ,prev5tive relief ,section #ab7;d7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjh7;d771 z am5d$ by section #ajh1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#b7 7,a7 ,9 consid]+ any motion = prelim9>y relief 9 any action = prev5tive relief describ$ 9 ?is subsection1 ! c\rt %all grant ! relief if ! c\rt det]m9es t ! compla9ant has rais$ a s]i\s "q z to :e!r ! *all5g$ vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure violates any ( ! provisions li/$ 9 section #aa7;a77#a7 ( ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act &1 on balance1 ! h>d%ip impos$ on ! def5dant by ! grant ( ! relief w be less ?an ! h>d%ip :i* w\ld be impos$ on ! pla9tiff if ! relief 7 n grant$4 7,b7 ,9 mak+ its det]m9ation "u ?is p>agraph ) respect to a *ange 9 any vot+ qualification1 pr]equisite to vot+1 or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 ! c\rt %all consid] all relevant factors & give due weight to ! foll[+ factors1 if !y are pres5t3 7i7 ,:e!r ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 effect prior to ! *ange 0 adopt$ z a rem$y = a ,f$]al c\rt judgm5t1 cons5t decree1 or admission reg>d+-- 7,i7 discrim9ation on ! basis ( race or color 9 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7,,ii7 a violation ( ! #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5ts to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7,,iii7 a violation ( ?is ,act2 or 7,,iv7 vot+ discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 violation ( any o!r ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7ii7 ,:e!r ! qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure 9 effect prior to ! *ange s]v$ z a gr\nd = ! dismissal or settlem5t ( a claim alleg+-- 7,i7 discrim9ation on ! basis ( race or color 9 violation ( ! #ad? or #ae? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7,,ii7 a violation ( ! #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7,,iii7 a violation ( ?is ,act2 or 7,,iv7 vot+ discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 violation ( any o!r ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7iii7 ,:e!r ! *ange 0 adopt$ few] ?an #ahj days be=e ! date ( ! election ) respect to :i* ! *ange is to take or takes effect4 7iv7 ,:e!r ! def5dant has fail$ to provide timely or complete notice ( ! adoption ( ! *ange z requir$ by applicable ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7#c7 ,a jurisdiction's inability to en=ce its vot+ or election laws1 regulations1 policies1 or r$i/rict+ plans1 /&+ alone1 %all n be deem$ to con/itute irrep>able h>m to ! public int]e/ or to ! int]e/s ( a def5dant 9 an action aris+ "u ! ,con/itution or any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation on ! basis ( race1 color1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p 9 ! vot+ process1 = ! purposes ( det]m9+ :e!r a /ay ( a c\rt's ord] or an int]locutory appeal "u section #abec ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is w>rant$4 4 #aaj4 ,bil+ual election requirem5ts ,section #bjc7;b77#a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejc7;b77#a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ #bjcb & ins]t+ #bjcg4 #aaa4 ,relief = violations ( vot+ rights laws 7a7 ,9 g5]al 7#a7 ,relief = violations ( vot+ rights laws ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m prohibit$ act or practice means-- 7,a7 any act or practice-- 7i7 t creates an undue burd5 on ! fundam5tal "r to vote 9 violation ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or violates ! ,equal ,protection ,clause ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or 7ii7 t is prohibit$ by ! #ae?1 #ai?1 #bd?1 or #bf? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 section #bjjd ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaja71 ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 ! ,national ,vot] ,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjeja et seq471 ! ,uni=m$ & ,ov]seas ,citiz5s ,abs5tee ,vot+ ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjcja et seq471 ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjija et seq471 ! ,vot+ ,accessibility = ! ,eld]ly & ,h&icapp$ ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjaja et seq471 or section #bjjc ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajajb72 & 7,b7 any act or practice 9 violation ( any ,f$]al law t prohibits discrim9ation ) respect to vot+1 includ+ ! ,am]icans ) ,disabilities ,act ( #aiij 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #abaja et seq474 7#b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to dim9i% ! au?ority or scope ( au?ority ( any p]son to br+ an action "u any ,f$]al law4 7#c7 ,attorney's fees ,section #gbb7;b7 ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aihh7;b77 is am5d$ by ins]t+ a provision describ$ 9 section #aaa7;a77#a7 ( ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjba1 aft] title ,,vi ( ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd14 7b7 ,gr\nds = equitable relief ,9 any action = equitable relief pursuant to a law li/$ "u subsection 7a71 proximity ( ! action to an election %all n be a valid reason to d5y su* relief1 or /ay ! op]ation ( or vacate ! issuance ( su* relief1 unless ! p>ty oppos+ ! issuance or cont9u$ op]ation ( relief meets ! burd5 ( prov+ by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce t ! issuance ( ! relief w\ld be s close 9 "t to ! election z to cause irrep>able h>m to ! public int]e/ or t compliance ) su* relief w\ld impose s]i\s burd5s on ! p>ty oppos+ relief4 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 consid]+ :e!r to grant1 d5y1 /ay1 or vacate any ord] ( equitable relief1 ! c\rt %all give sub/antial weight to ! public's int]e/ 9 exp&+ access to ! "r to vote4 ,a ,/ate's g5]aliz$ int]e/ 9 en=c+ its enact$ laws %all n be a relevant consid]ation 9 det]m9+ :e!r equitable relief is w>rant$4 7#b7 ,presumptive safe h>bor ,:]e equitable relief is s\ght ei!r )9 #cj days ( ! adoption or reasonable public notice ( ! *all5g$ policy or practice1 or m ?an #de days be=e ! date ( an election to :i* ! relief be+ s\ght w apply1 proximity to ! election w be presum$ n to con/itute a h>m to ! public int]e/ or a burd5 on ! p>ty oppos+ relief4 7c7 ,gr\nds = /ay or vacatur 9 ,f$]al claims involv+ vot+ rights 7#a7 ,prospective effect ,9 review+ an application = a /ay or vacatur ( equitable relief grant$ pursuant to a law li/$ 9 subsection 7a71 a c\rt %all give sub/antial weight to ! reliance int]e/s ( citiz5s :o act$ pursuant to su* ord] "u review4 ,9 fa%ion+ a /ay or vacatur1 a review+ c\rt %all n ord] relief t has ! effect ( d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote ( any citiz5 :o has act$ 9 reliance on ! ord]4 7#b7 ,writt5 explanation ,no /ay or vacatur "u ?is subsection %all issue unless ! review+ c\rt makes specific f9d+s t ! public int]e/1 includ+ ! public's int]e/ 9 exp&+ access to ! ballot1 w be h>m$ by ! cont9u+ op]ation ( ! equitable relief or t compliance ) su* relief w impose s]i\s burd5s on ! p>ty seek+ su* a /ay or vacatur su* t ^? burd5s sub/antially outweigh ! b5efits to ! public int]e/4 ,9 review+ an application = a /ay or vacatur ( equitable relief1 f9d+s ( fact made 9 issu+ ! ord] "u review %all n be set aside unless cle>ly errone\s4 #aab4 ,protection ( tabulat$ votes ,! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjg7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #aa-- 7,a7 by am5d+ subsection 7a7 to read z foll[s3 7a7 ,no p]son act+ "u color ( law %all-- 7#a7 fail or refuse to p]mit any p]son to vote :o is entitl$ to vote "u ,f$]al law or is o!rwise qualifi$ to vote2 7#b7 willfully fail or refuse to tabulate1 c\nt1 & report su* p]son's vote2 or 7#c7 willfully fail or refuse to c]tify ! aggregate tabulations ( su* p]sons' votes or c]tify ! election ( ! c&idates receiv+ suffici5t su* votes to be elect$ to (fice4 2 & 7,b7 9 subsection 7b71 by ins]t+ subsection 7a7 or aft] duties "u2 & 7#b7 9 section #ab-- 7,a7 9 subsection 7b7-- 7i7 by /rik+ a ye> foll[+ an election 9 a political subdivision 9 :i* an obs]v] has be5 assign$ & ins]t+ #bb mon?s foll[+ an election = ,f$]al (fice2 & 7ii7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,:5ev] ! ,attorney ,g5]al has reasonable gr\nds to believe t any p]son has engag$ 9 or is ab\t to engage 9 an act 9 violation ( ?is subsection1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute 79 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 a civil action 9 ,f$]al di/rict c\rt seek+ appropriate relief42 7,b7 9 subsection 7c71 by ins]t+ or solicits a violation ( aft] conspires to violate2 & 7,c7 9 subsection 7e71 by /rik+ ! fir/ & second s5t5ces & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 ,if1 aft] ! clos+ ( ! polls 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice1 p]sons allege t not)/&+ 7#a7 _! regi/ration by an appropriate election (ficial & 7#b7 _! eligibility to vote 9 ! political subdivision1 _! ballots h n be5 c\nt$ 9 su* election1 & if ^u prompt receipt ( notifications ( ^! allegations1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al f9ds su* allegations to be well f\nd$1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may =?) file ) ! di/rict c\rt an application = an ord] provid+ = ! c\nt+ & c]tification ( ! ballots ( su* p]sons & requir+ ! inclusion ( _! votes 9 ! total vote = all applicable (fices be=e ! results ( su* election %all be deem$ f9al & any =ce or effect giv5 !reto44 #aac4 ,en=cem5t ( ,vot+ ,rights by ,attorney ,g5]al ,section #ab ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjh71 z am5d$ by ?is ,act1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7g7 ,vot+ ,rights ,en=cem5t by ,attorney ,g5]al 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ord] to fulfill ! ,attorney ,g5]al's responsibility to en=ce ?is ,act & o!r ,f$]al laws t protect ! "r to vote1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al 7or ^u designation by ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al = ,civil ,rights7 is au?oriz$1 be=e comm5c+ a civil action1 to issue a dem& = inspection & in=mation 9 writ+ to any ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 ) respect to any relevant docum5t>y mat]ial t ! ,attorney ,g5]al has reason to believe is )9 _! possession1 cu/ody1 or control4 ,a dem& by ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u ?is subsection may require-- 7,a7 ! production ( su* docum5t>y mat]ial = inspection & copy+2 7,b7 answ]s 9 writ+ to writt5 que/ions ) respect to su* docum5t>y mat]ial2 or 7,c7 bo? ! production describ$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 & ! answ]s describ$ "u subp>agraph 7,b74 7#b7 ,cont5ts ( an ,attorney ,g5]al dem& 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,any dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 %all include a sworn c]tificate to id5tify ! vot+ qualification or pr]equisite to vot+ or /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure ) respect to vot+1 or o!r vot+ relat$ matt] or issue1 ^: lawfulness ! ,attorney ,g5]al is inve/igat+ & to id5tify ! ,f$]al law t protects ! "r to vote "u :i* ! inve/igation is be+ conduct$4 ,! dem& %all be reasonably calculat$ to lead to ! discov]y ( docum5t>y mat]ial & in=mation relevant to su* inve/igation4 ,docum5t>y mat]ial includes any mat]ial ^u :i* relevant in=mation is record$1 & includes writt5 or pr9t$ mat]ials1 photographs1 tapes1 or mat]ials ^u :i* in=mation is electronically or magnetically record$4 ,su* dem&s %all be aim$ at ! ,attorney ,g5]al hav+ ! ability to inspect & obta9 copies ( relevant mat]ials 7z well z obta9 in=mation7 relat$ to vot+ & are n aim$ at ! ,attorney ,g5]al tak+ possession ( orig9al records1 p>ticul>ly ^? t are requir$ to be reta9$ by ,/ate & local election (ficials "u ,f$]al or ,/ate law4 7,b7 ,no requirem5t = production ,any dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may n require ! production ( any docum5t>y mat]ial or ! submission ( any answ]s 9 writ+ to writt5 que/ions if su* mat]ial or answ]s w\ld be protect$ f disclosure "u ! /&>ds applicable to discov]y reque/s "u ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,civil ,proc$ure 9 an action 9 :i* ! ,attorney ,g5]al or ! ,unit$ ,/ates is a p>ty4 7,c7 ,docum5t>y mat]ial ,if ! dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 requires ! production ( docum5t>y mat]ial1 x %all-- 7i7 id5tify ! class ( docum5t>y mat]ial to be produc$ ) su* def9it5ess & c]ta9ty z to p]mit su* mat]ial to be fairly id5tifi$2 & 7ii7 prescribe a return date = production ( ! docum5t>y mat]ial at lea/ #bj days aft] issuance ( ! dem& to give ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 a reasonable p]iod ( "t = assembl+ ! docum5t>y mat]ial & mak+ x available = inspection & copy+4 7,d7 ,answ]s to writt5 que/ions ,if ! dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 requires answ]s 9 writ+ to writt5 que/ions1 x %all-- 7i7 set =? ) specificity ! writt5 "q to be answ]$2 & 7ii7 prescribe a date at lea/ #bj days aft] ! issuance ( ! dem& = submitt+ answ]s 9 writ+ to ! writt5 que/ions4 7,e7 ,s]vice ,a dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may be s]v$ by a ,unit$ ,/ates m>%al or a deputy m>%al1 or by c]tifi$ mail1 at any place )9 ! t]ritorial jurisdiction ( any c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#c7 ,responses to an ,attorney ,g5]al dem& ,a ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 %all1 ) respect to any docum5t>y mat]ial or any answ] 9 writ+ produc$ "u ?is subsection1 provide a sworn c]tificate1 9 su* =m z ! dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 designates1 by a p]son hav+ k ( ! facts & circum/ances relat+ to su* production or writt5 answ]1 au?oriz$ to act on behalf ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 ^u :i* ! dem& 0 s]v$4 ,! c]tificate-- 7,a7 %all /ate t-- 7i7 all ( ! docum5t>y mat]ial requir$ by ! dem& & 9 ! possession1 cu/ody1 or control ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 has be5 produc$2 7ii7 ) respect to e answ] 9 writ+ to a writt5 "q1 all in=mation requir$ by ! "q & 9 ! possession1 cu/ody1 control1 or k ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 has be5 submitt$2 or 7iii7 ! requirem5ts describ$ 9 bo? clause 7i7 & clause 7ii7 h be5 met2 or 7,b7 provide ! basis = any objection to produc+ ! docum5t>y mat]ial or answ]+ ! writt5 "q4 ,to ! ext5t t any in=mation is n furni%$1 ! in=mation %all be id5tifi$ & reasons set =? ) p>ticul>ity reg>d+ ! reasons :y ! in=mation 0 n furni%$4 7#d7 ,judicial proce$+s 7,a7 ,petition = en=cem5t ,:5ev] any ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 fails to comply ) dem& issu$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may file1 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 :i* ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 is locat$1 a petition = a judicial ord] en=c+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al dem& issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 7,b7 ,petition to modify 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,any ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 t is s]v$ ) a dem& issu$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al "u p>agraph 7#a7 may file 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia a petition = an ord] ( ! c\rt to modify or set aside ! dem& ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al4 7ii7 ,petition to modify ,any petition to modify or set aside a dem& ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 mu/ be fil$ )9 #bj days aft] ! date ( s]vice ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem& or at any "t be=e ! return date specifi$ 9 ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem&1 :i*ev] date is e>li]4 7iii7 ,cont5ts ( petition ,! petition %all specify ea* gr\nd ^u :i* ! petition] relies 9 seek+ relief "u clause 7i71 & may be bas$ ^u any failure ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem& to comply ) ! provisions ( ?is section or ^u any con/itutional or o!r legal "r or privilege ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t4 ,dur+ ! p5d5cy ( ! petition 9 ! c\rt1 ! c\rt may /ay1 z x deems prop]1 ! runn+ ( ! "t all[$ = compliance ) ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem&1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 except t ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 or o!r gov]nm5tal repres5tative or ag5t1 fil+ ! petition %all comply ) any portions ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al's dem& n s\ght to be modifi$ or set aside4 4 #aad4 ,def9itions ,title ,i ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #ba4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,indian ,! t]m ,indian has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #d ( ! ,indian ,self-,det]m9ation & ,education ,assi/ance ,act 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #ecjd74 7#b7 ,indian l&s ,! t]m ,indian l&s means-- 7,a7 any ,indian c\ntry ( an ,indian tribe1 z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #aaea ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 7,b7 any l& 9 ,alaska t is own$1 pursuant to ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act1 by an ,indian tribe t is a ,native village 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #c ( su* ,act71 or by a ,village ,corporation t is associat$ ) ! ,indian tribe 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #c ( su* ,act72 7,c7 any l& on :i* ! seat ( gov]nm5t ( ! ,indian tribe is locat$2 & 7,d7 any l& t is "p or all ( a tribal designat$ /ati/ical area associat$ ) ! ,indian tribe1 or is "p or all ( an ,alaska ,native village /ati/ical area associat$ ) ! tribe1 z def9$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus = ! purposes ( ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 7#c7 ,indian tribe ,! t]m ,indian tribe or tribe has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m ,indian tribe 9 section #d ( ! ,indian ,self-,det]m9ation & ,education ,assi/ance ,act 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #ecjd74 7#d7 ,tribal ,gov]nm5t ,! t]m ,tribal ,gov]nm5t means ! recogniz$ gov]n+ body ( an ,indian ,tribe4 7#e7 ,vot+-age population ,! t]m vot+-age population means ! num]ical size ( ! population )9 a ,/ate1 )9 a political subdivision1 or )9 a political subdivision t conta9s ,indian l&s1 z ! case may be1 t consi/s ( p]sons age #ah or old]1 z calculat$ by ! ,bureau ( ! ,c5sus "u ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 4 #aae4 ,attorneys' fees ,section #ad7;c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcaj7;c77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#d7 ,! t]m prevail+ p>ty means a p>ty to an action t receives at lea/ "s ( ! b5efit s\ght by su* action1 /ates a colorable claim1 & c e/abli% t ! action 0 a significant cause ( a *ange to ! /atus quo4 4 #aaf4 ,o!r te*nical & con=m+ am5dm5ts 7a7 ,actions ,cov]$ ,"u ,section #c ,section #c7;c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjb7;c77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ any proce$+ in/itut$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al or an aggriev$ p]son "u any /atute to en=ce & ins]t+ any action "u any /atute 9 :i* a p>ty 7includ+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al7 seeks to en=ce2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ at ! "t ! proce$+ 0 comm5c$ & ins]t+ at ! "t ! action 0 comm5c$4 7b7 ,cl>ification ( ,treatm5t ( ,memb]s ( ,language ,m9ority ,gr\ps ,section #d7;f7 ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjc7;f77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ ! second s5t5ce2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ p>agraphs 7#c7 & 7#d74 7c7 ,p]iod ,dur+ ,:i* ,*anges 9 ,vot+ ,practices are ,subject to ,precle>ance ,"u ,section #e ,section #e ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjd7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+ bas$ ^u det]m9ations made "u ! fir/ s5t5ce ( section #d7;b7 are 9 effect & ins]t+ are 9 effect dur+ a cal5d> ye>2 7#b7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+ ,novemb] #a1 #aifd & all t foll[s ?r\gh ,novemb] #a1 #aigb & ins]t+ ! applicable date ( cov]age2 & 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subsection3 7e7 ,! t]m applicable date ( cov]age means1 ) respect to a ,/ate or political subdivision-- 7#a7 ,june #be1 #bjac1 if ! mo/ rec5t det]m9ation = su* ,/ate or subdivision "u section #d7;b7 0 made on or be=e ,decemb] #ca1 #bjba2 or 7#b7 ! date on :i* ! mo/ rec5t det]m9ation = su* ,/ate or subdivision "u section #d7;b7 0 made1 if su* det]m9ation 0 made aft] ,decemb] #ca1 #bjba4 4 7d7 ,review ( precle>ance submission "u section #e due to exig5cy ,section #e ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcjd7 is am5d$1 9 subsection 7a71 by ins]t+ ,an exig5cy1 includ+ a natural disa/]1 inclem5t wea!r1 or o!r un=eseeable ev5t1 requir+ su* diff]5t qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice1 or proc$ure )9 #cj days ( a ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local election %all con/itute good cause requir+ ! ,attorney ,g5]al to exp$ite consid]ation ( ! submission4 aft] w n be made44 #aag4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ! ,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights ,advancem5t ,act ( #bjba or any am5dm5t made by ?is title1 or ! application ( su* a provision or am5dm5t to any p]son or circum/ance1 is held to be uncon/itutional or is o!rwise enjo9$ or un5=ceable1 ! rema9d] ( ?is title & am5dm5ts made by ?is title1 & ! application ( ! provisions & am5dm5ts to any o!r p]son or circum/ance1 & any rema9+ provision ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 %all n be affect$ by ! hold+4 ,9 addition1 if any provision ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 or any am5dm5t to ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife1 or ! application ( su* a provision or am5dm5t to any p]son or circum/ance1 is held to be uncon/itutional or is o!rwise enjo9$ or un5=ceable1 ! application ( ! provision & am5dm5t to any o!r p]son or circum/ance1 & any rema9+ provisions ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife1 %all n be affect$ by ! hold+4 #aah4 ,grants to assi/ ) notice requirem5ts "u ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all make grants ea* fiscal ye> to small jurisdictions :o submit applications "u subsection 7b7 = purposes ( assi/+ su* small jurisdictions ) compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife to submit or publi% notice ( any *ange to a qualification1 pr]equisite1 /&>d1 practice or proc$ure affect+ vot+4 7b7 ,application ,to be eligible = a grant "u ?is section1 a small jurisdiction %all submit an application to ! ,attorney ,g5]al 9 su* =m & conta9+ su* in=mation z ! ,attorney ,g5]al may require reg>d+ ! compliance ( su* small jurisdiction ) ! provisions ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife4 7c7 ,small jurisdiction def9$ ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m small jurisdiction means any political subdivision ( a ,/ate ) a population ( #aj1jjj or less4 ,,ii ,election ,work] & ,poll+ ,place ,protection #bja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,election ,work] & ,poll+ ,place ,protection ,act4 #bjb4 ,f$]ally protect$ activities ,section #bde ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7b7-- 7,a7 9 ! matt] prec$+ p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ willfully & ins]t+ 1 or viol5ce1 or ?reat ( h>m to any p]son or prop]ty1 int5tionally2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 by ins]t+ 1 or any ag5t1 contractor1 or v5dor ( a legally au?oriz$ election (ficial assi/+ 9 ! adm9i/ration ( any prim>y1 special1 or g5]al election be=e ! semicolon at ! end2 & 7,c7 9 ! undesignat$ matt] foll[+ p>agraph 7#e7-- 7i7 by /rik+ "o ye> & ins]t+ #c ye>s2 & 7ii7 by /rik+ ( ?is section ea* place x appe>s & ins]t+ ( ?is subsection2 7#b7 by r$esignat+ subsections 7c7 & 7d7 z subsections 7d7 & 7e71 respectively2 & 7#c7 by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7b7 ! foll[+3 7c7 7#a7 ,:oev]1 :e!r or n act+ "u color ( law1 int5tionally physically damages or ?reat5s to physically damage any physical prop]ty be+ us$ z a poll+ place or tabulation c5t] or o!r election infra/ructure %all be f9$ "u ?is title1 or imprison$ n m ?an #a ye>1 or bo?2 & if bodily injury results f ! acts committ$ 9 violation ( ?is subsection or if su* acts include ! use1 attempt$ use1 or ?reat5$ use ( a dang]\s weapon1 explosives1 or fire %all be f9$ "u ?is title1 or imprison$ n m ?an #aj ye>s1 or bo?2 & if dea? results f ! acts committ$ 9 violation ( ?is subsection or if su* acts include kidnapp+ or an attempt to kidnap1 aggravat$ sexual abuse or an attempt to commit aggravat$ sexual abuse1 or an attempt to kill1 %all be f9$ "u ?is title or imprison$ = any t]m ( ye>s or = life1 or bo?4 7#b7 ,= purposes ( ?is subsection1 de m9imus damage or ?reats ( de m9imus damage to physical prop]ty1 su* z graffiti1 %all n be consid]$ a violation ( p>agraph 7#a74 7#c7 ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m election infra/ructure means any (fice ( an election (ficial1 /aff1 work]1 or volunte] or any physical1 me*anical1 or electrical device1 /ructure1 or tangible item us$ 9 ! process ( creat+1 di/ribut+1 vot+1 return+1 c\nt+1 tabulat+1 audit+1 /or+1 or o!r h&l+ ( vot] regi/ration or ballot in=mation4 4 ,,iii ,native ,am]ican ,vot+ ,rights ,act #cja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,frank ,h>rison1 ,elizabe? ,p]atrovi*1 & ,miguel ,trujillo ,native ,am]ican ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #bjba4 #cjb4 ,f9d+s & purposes 7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! ,con/itution explicitly & implicitly grants ,congress broad g5]al p[]s to legislate on issues relat+ to ,indian ,tribes1 p[]s consi/5tly describ$ z pl5>y & exclusive4 ,^! p[]s arise f ! grant ( au?ority 9 ! ,indian ,comm]ce ,clause & ?r\gh legislative matt]s aris+ "u ! ,treaty ,clause4 7#b7 ,! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t is responsible = uphold+ ! obligations to :i* ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t has agre$ ?r\gh treaties1 legislation1 & executive ord]s1 ref]r$ to z ! ,f$]al tru/ responsibility t[>d ,indian ,tribes & _! memb]s4 7#c7 ,! ,supreme ,c\rt has repeat$ly reli$ on ! nature ( ?is gov]nm5t to gov]nm5t relation%ip betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & sov]eign ,indian ,tribes = congressional au?ority to enact legislation t s+les out ,indians = p>ticul> & special treatm5t4 ,morton v4 ,manc>i1 #dag ,u4,s4 #ece1 #eed-eee 7#aigd74 7#d7 ,legislation remov+ b>ri]s to ,native ,am]ican vot+ is vital = ! fulfillm5t ( ,congress' unique obligation t[>d ,indians1 p>ticul>ly ensur+ t ,native ,am]ican vot]s are fully includ$ z qualifi$ memb]s ( ! mod]n body politic4 ,bo>d ( ,c\nty ,comm'rs v4 ,seb]1 #cah ,u4,s4 #gje1 #gae 7#aidc74 7#e7 ,"u ! ,elections ,clause ( article ,i1 section #d ( ! ,con/itution1 ,congress has additional p[] to regulate any election conduct$ to select ,memb]s ( ,congress4 ,tak5 toge!r1 ! ,indian ,comm]ce ,clause & ! ,election ,clause give ,congress broad au?ority to enact legislation to safegu>d ! vot+ rights ( ,native ,am]ican vot]s4 7#f7 ,despite ,congress' decision to grant ,native ,am]icans ,f$]al citiz5%ip1 & ) x ! protections ( ! ,fifte5? ,am5dm5t1 ) passage ( ! ,act ( ,june #b1 #aibd 7,*apt] #bcc2 #dc ,/at4 #bec7 7commonly kn[n z ! ,indian ,citiz5%ip ,act ( #aibd71 ,/ates cont9u$ to deploy di/9ct me?ods = dis5fran*is+ ,indians by enact+ /atutes to exclude f vot] rolls ,indians liv+ on ,indian l&s1 requir+ t ,indians fir/ t]m9ate _! relation%ip ) _! ,indian ,tribe1 re/rict+ ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( a ,tribal memb]'s gu>dian%ip /atus1 & impos+ lit]acy te/s4 7#g7 ,b>ri]s to vot] access = ,native ,am]icans p]si/ today1 & su* b>ri]s range f ob/ruct+ vot] access to vote dilution & int5tional malapportionm5t ( electoral di/ricts4 7#h7 ,! ,native ,am]ican ,vot+ ,rights ,coalition's n9e field he>+s 9 ,indian ,c\ntry & f\r-,/ate survey ( vot] discrim9ation reveal$ a numb] ( additional ob/acles t ,native ,am]icans mu/ ov]come 9 "s ,/ates1 includ+-- 7,a7 a lack ( accessible regi/ration & poll+ sites1 ei!r due to conditions su* z geography1 lack ( pav$ roads1 ! abs5ce ( reliable & af=dable broadb& connectivity1 & re/rictions on ! "t1 place1 & mann] t eligible p c regi/] & vote1 includ+ unequal opportunities = abs5tee1 e>ly1 mail-91 & 9-p]son vot+2 7,b7 nontraditional or nonexi/5t addresses = resid5ts on ,indian res]vations1 lack ( resid5tial mail deliv]y & pick up1 reliance on di/ant po/ (fices ) abbreviat$ op]at+ h\rs = mail s]vices1 insuffici5t h\s+ units1 ov]cr[d$ homes1 & high incid5ce ( h\s+ insecurity & homelessness1 lack ( access to vehicles1 & disproportionate pov]ty :i* make vot] regi/ration1 acquisition & dropp+ (f ( mail-9 ballots1 receipt ( vot+ in=mation & mat]ials1 & secur+ requir$ id5tification difficult1 if n impossible2 7,c7 inadequate language assi/ance = ,tribal memb]s1 includ+ lack ( outrea* & publicity1 ! failure to provide complete1 accurate1 & uni=m translations ( all vot+ mat]ials 9 ! relevant ,native language1 & an insuffici5t numb] ( tra9$ bil+ual poll work]s2 & 7,d7 vot] id5tification laws t discrim9ate aga9/ ,native ,am]icans4 7#i7 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice & c\rts also recogniz$ t "s jurisdictions h be5 unresponsive to reasonable reque/s f f$]ally recogniz$ ,indian ,tribes = m accessible vot] regi/ration sites & 9-p]son vot+ locations4 7#aj7 ,accord+ to ! ,national ,congress ( ,am]ican ,indians1 !re is a wide gap betwe5 ! vot] regi/ration & turn\t rates ( eligible ,am]ican ,indians & ,alaska ,natives & ! vot] regi/ration & turn\t rates ( non-,hispanic ,:ite & o!r racial & e?nic gr\ps4 7#aa7 ,despite ^! ob/acles1 ! ,native ,am]ican vote cont9ues to play a significant role 9 ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local elections4 7#ab7 ,9 ,alaska1 ,new ,mexico1 ,oklahoma1 & ,s\? ,dakota1 ,native ,am]icans1 ,am]ican ,indians1 & ,alaska ,natives comprise approximately #aj p]c5t or m ( ! vot+ population4 7#ac7 ,! ,native ,am]ican vote also holds great pot5tial1 ) ov] #a1jjj1jjj vot]s :o are eligible to vote1 b are n regi/]$ to vote4 7b7 ,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is title are-- 7#a7 to fulfill ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t's tru/ responsibility to protect & promote ,native ,am]icans' ex]cise ( _! con/itutionally gu>ante$ "r to vote1 includ+ ! "r to regi/] to vote & ! ability to access all me*anisms = vot+2 7#b7 to e/abli% ,tribal adm9i/rative review proc$ures = a specific subset ( ,/ate actions t h be5 us$ to re/rict access to ! polls on ,indian l&s2 7#c7 to exp& vot] regi/ration "u ! ,national ,vot] ,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjeja et seq47 to cov] ,f$]al facilities2 7#d7 to af=d equal treatm5t to =ms ( id5tification unique to ,indian ,tribes & _! memb]s2 7#e7 to ensure ,am]ican ,indians & ,alaska ,natives exp]i5c+ homelessness1 h\s+ insecurity1 or lack+ resid5tial mail pickup & deliv]y c pool res\rces to pick up & return ballots2 7#f7 to cl>ify ! obligations ( ,/ates & political subdivisions reg>d+ ! provision ( translat$ vot+ mat]ials = ,am]ican ,indians & ,alaska ,natives "u section #bjc ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejc72 7#g7 to provide ,tribal lead]s ) a direct pa?way to reque/ ,f$]al election obs]v]s & to all[ public access to ! reports ( ^? election obs]v]s2 7#h7 to /udy ! preval5ce ( nontraditional or nonexi/5t mail+ addresses 9 ,native communities & id5tify solutions to vot] access t arise f ! lack ( an address2 & 7#i7 to direct ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice to consult on an annual basis ) ,indian ,tribes on issues relat$ to vot+4 #cjc4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is title3 7#a7 ,attorney g5]al ,! t]m ,attorney ,g5]al means ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,attorney ,g5]al4 7#b7 ,indian ,! t]m ,indian has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #d ( ! ,indian ,self-,det]m9ation & ,education ,assi/ance ,act 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #ecjd74 7#c7 ,indian l&s ,! t]m ,indian l&s includes-- 7,a7 ,indian c\ntry z def9$ "u section #aaea ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 7,b7 any l& 9 ,alaska own$1 pursuant to ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq471 by an ,indian ,tribe t is a ,native village 7z def9$ 9 section #c ( t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afjb77 or by a ,village ,corporation t is associat$ ) an ,indian ,tribe 7z def9$ 9 section #c ( t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afjb772 7,c7 any l& on :i* ! seat ( ! ,tribal gov]nm5t is locat$2 & 7,d7 any l& t is "p or all ( a ,tribal designat$ /ati/ical area associat$ ) an ,indian ,tribe1 or is "p or all ( an ,alaska ,native village /ati/ical area associat$ ) an ,indian ,tribe1 z def9$ by ! ,c5sus ,bureau = ! purposes ( ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus4 7#d7 ,indian ,tribe ,! t]m ,indian ,tribe means ! recogniz$ gov]n+ body ( any ,indian or ,alaska ,native ,tribe1 b&1 nation1 pueblo1 village1 community1 compon5t b&1 or compon5t res]vation1 individually id5tifi$ 7includ+ p>5!tically7 9 ! li/ publi%$ mo/ rec5tly z ( ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is title pursuant to section #ajd ( ! ,f$]ally ,recogniz$ ,indian ,tribe ,li/ ,act ( #aiid 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #eaca74 7#e7 ,poll+ place ,! t]m poll+ place means any location :]e a ballot is ca/ 9 elections = ,f$]al (fice1 & includes a vot] c5t]1 poll1 poll+ location1 or poll+ place1 dep5d+ on ! ,/ate nom5clature4 #cjd4 ,e/abli%m5t ( a ,native ,am]ican vot+ task =ce grant program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,(fice = ,civil ,rights at ! ,(fice ( ,ju/ice ,programs ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is section z ! 8,(fice07 %all e/abli% & adm9i/]1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior1 a ,native ,am]ican vot+ task =ce grant program1 ?r\gh :i* ! ,(fice %all provide f9ancial assi/ance to eligible applicants to enable ^? eligible applicants to e/abli% & op]ate a ,native ,am]ican ,vot+ ,task ,=ce 9 ea* ,/ate ) a f$]ally recogniz$ ,indian ,tribe4 7b7 ,purposes ,! purposes ( ! ,native ,am]ican vot+ task =ce grant program are to-- 7#a7 increase vot] outrea*1 education1 regi/ration1 & turn\t 9 ,native ,am]ican communities2 7#b7 increase access to ! ballot = ,native ,am]ican communities1 includ+ additional satellite1 e>ly vot+1 & abs5tee vot+ locations2 7#c7 /reaml9e & r$uce inconsi/5cies 9 ! vot+ process = ,native ,am]icans2 7#d7 provide1 9 ! community's dom9ant language1 educational mat]ials & classes on ,indian l&s ab\t c&idacy fil+2 7#e7 tra9 & educate ,/ate & local employees1 includ+ poll work]s1 ab\t-- 7,a7 ! language assi/ance & vot] assi/ance requirem5ts "u sections #bjc & #bjh ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejc2 #ajejh72 7,b7 vot] id5tification laws z affect$ by section #ajh ( ?is title2 & 7,c7 ! requirem5ts ( ,tribes1 ,/ates1 & prec9cts e/abli%$ "u ?is title2 7#f7 id5tify model programs & be/ practices = provid+ language assi/ance to ,native ,am]ican communities2 7#g7 provide nonp>tisan poll wat*]s on election day 9 ,native ,am]ican communities2 7#h7 p>ticipate 9 & evaluate future r$i/rict+ ef=ts2 7#i7 address issues ( int]net connectivity z x relates to vot] regi/ration & ballot access 9 ,native ,am]ican communities2 7#aj7 "w ) ,indian ,tribes1 ,/ates1 & ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t to e/abli% mail+ addresses t comply ) applicable ,/ate & ,f$]al requirem5ts = receipt ( vot+ in=mation & mat]ials2 & 7#aa7 facilitate collaboration betwe5 local election (ficials1 ,native ,am]ican communities1 & ,tribal elections (fices4 7c7 ,eligible applicant ,! t]m eligible applicant means-- 7#a7 an ,indian ,tribe2 7#b7 a ,secret>y ( ,/ate ( a ,/ate1 or ano!r (ficial ( a ,/ate entity responsible = ov]see+ elections2 7#c7 a nonpr(it organization t works1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 on vot+ issues2 or 7#d7 a consortium ( entities describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c74 7d7 ,application & selection process 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,(fice1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior & foll[+ consultation ) ,indian ,tribes ab\t ! implem5tation ( ! ,native ,am]ican vot+ task =ce grant program1 %all e/abli% guidel9es = ! process by :i* eligible applicants w submit applications4 7#b7 ,applications ,ea* eligible applicant desir+ a grant "u ?is section %all submit an application1 accord+ to ! process e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 & at su* "t1 9 su* mann]1 & conta9+ su* in=mation z ! ,(fice may require4 ,su* application %all include-- 7,a7 a c]tification t ! applicant is an eligible applicant2 7,b7 a propos$ "w plan address+ h[ ! eligible applicant w e/abli% & adm9i/] a ,native ,am]ican ,vot+ ,task ,=ce t a*ieves ! purposes describ$ 9 subsection 7b72 7,c7 if ! eligible applicant is a consortium z describ$ 9 subsection 7c77#d71 a description ( ! propos$ division ( responsibilities betwe5 ! p>ticipat+ entities2 7,d7 an explanation ( ! "t p]iod t ! propos$ ,native ,am]ican ,vot+ ,task ,=ce w cov]1 :i* %all be a "t p]iod t is n m ?an #c ye>s2 & 7,e7 ! goals t ! eligible applicant desires to a*ieve ) ! grant funds4 7e7 ,uses ( funds ,a grantee receiv+ funds "u ?is section %all use su* funds to c>ry out "o or m ( ! activities describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 ?r\gh ! grantee's ,native ,am]ican ,vot+ ,task ,=ce4 7f7 ,reports 7#a7 ,report to ! ,(fice 7,a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date on :i* an eligible applicant receives grant funds "u ?is section1 & annually !reaft] = ! duration ( ! grant1 ea* eligible applicant %all prep>e & submit a writt5 report to ! ,(fice describ+ ! eligible applicant's progress 9 a*iev+ ! goals outl9$ 9 ! application "u subsection 7d77#b74 7,b7 ,response ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,(fice receives ! report describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,(fice w provide fe$back1 comm5ts1 & input to ! eligible applicant 9 response to su* report4 7#b7 ,report to ,congress ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is title1 & annually !reaft]1 ! ,(fice %all prep>e & submit a report to ! ,committee on ,indian ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate & ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives conta9+ ! results ( ! reports describ$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 7g7 ,relation%ip ) o!r laws ,no?+ 9 ?is section r$uces ,/ate or local obligations provid$ = by ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 ! ,national ,vot] ,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjeja et seq471 ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjija et seq471 or any o!r ,f$]al law or regulation relat$ to vot+ or ! electoral process4 7h7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to c>ry out ?is section #aj1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbb ?r\gh #bjcg4 #cje4 ,vot] regi/ration sites at ,indian s]vice provid]s & on ,indian l&s ,section #g7;a7 ( ! ,national ,vot] ,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjejf7;a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7,a7 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ & aft] ! semicolon2 7,b7 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ a semicolon2 & 7,c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7,c7 any ,f$]al facility or f$]ally fund$ facility t is prim>ily engag$ 9 provid+ s]vices to an ,indian ,tribe2 & 7,d7 n less ?an "o ,f$]al facility or f$]ally fund$ facility t is locat$ )9 ! ,indian l&s ( an ,indian ,tribe1 z applicable1 7:i* may be ! ,f$]al facility or f$]ally fund$ facility describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c774 2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#h7 ,:]e practicable1 ea* ,f$]al ag5cy t op]ates a ,f$]al facility or a f$]ally fund$ facility t is a designat$ vot] regi/ration ag5cy 9 accordance ) subp>agraph 7,c7 or 7,d7 ( p>agraph 7#b7 %all designate "o or m special days p] ye> at a c5traliz$ location )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ! ,indian l&s ( ea* applicable ,indian ,tribe = ! purpose ( in=m+ memb]s ( ! ,indian ,tribe ( ! tim+1 regi/ration requirem5ts1 & vot+ proc$ures 9 elections = ,f$]al (fice1 at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe4 4 #cjf4 ,accessible ,tribal designat$ poll+ sites 7a7 ,9 g5]al 7#a7 ,designation ( ,/ate (fic] ,ea* ( ! sev]al ,/ates ^: t]ritory conta9s all or "p ( an ,indian ,tribe's ,indian l&s %all designate an (fic] )9 t ,/ate :o w be responsible = compliance ) ! provisions ( ?is section & :o %all p]iodically consult ) ! ,indian ,tribes locat$ :olly or p>tially )9 t ,/ate reg>d+ compliance ) ! provisions ( ?is section & coord9ation betwe5 ! ,/ate & ! ,indian ,tribe4 ,! ,/ate %all provide writt5 notice to ea* su* ,indian ,tribe ( ! (fic] s designat$4 7#b7 ,provision ( poll+ places ,= ea* ,indian ,tribe t satisfies ! obligations ( subsection 7c71 & = ea* election = a ,f$]al (ficial or ,/ate (ficial t is held #ahj days or lat] aft] ! date on :i* ! ,indian ,tribe initially satisfies su* obligations1 any ,/ate or political subdivision ^: t]ritory conta9s all or "p ( an ,indian ,tribe's ,indian l&s-- 7,a7 %all provide a m9imum ( "o poll+ place 9 ea* prec9ct 9 :i* !re are eligible vot]s :o reside on ,indian l&s1 9 a location select$ by ! ,indian ,tribe & at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe1 reg>dless ( ! population or numb] ( regi/]$ vot]s resid+ on ,indian l&s2 7,b7 %all n r$uce ! numb] ( poll+ locations on ,indian l&s bas$ on population numb]s2 7,c7 %all provide1 at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe1 additional poll+ places 9 locations on ,indian l&s select$ by an ,indian ,tribe & reque/$ "u subsection 7c7 if1 bas$ on ! totality ( circum/ances describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 x is %[n t n provid+ ^? additional poll+ places w\ld result 9 memb]s ( ! ,indian ,tribe & liv+ on ,indian l&s or o!r individuals resid+ on ! ,indian ,tribe's ,indian l&s hav+ less opportunity to vote ?an eligible vot]s 9 t ,/ate or political subdivision :o are n memb]s ( an ,indian ,tribe or d n reside on ,indian l&s2 7,d7 %all1 at ea* poll+ place locat$ on ,indian l&s & at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe1 make vot+ ma*9es1 tabulation ma*9es1 (ficial receptacles designat$ = ! return ( complet$ abs5tee ballots1 ballots1 provisional ballots1 & o!r vot+ mat]ials available to ! same or great] ext5t t su* equipm5t & mat]ials are made available at o!r poll+ places 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision t are n locat$ on ,indian l&s2 7,e7 %all1 at ea* poll+ place locat$ on ,indian l&s1 conduct ! election us+ ! same vot+ proc$ures t are us$ at o!r poll+ places 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision t are n locat$ on ,indian l&s1 or o!r vot+ proc$ures t provide great] access = vot]s2 7,f7 %all1 at ea* poll+ place locat$ on ,indian l&s & at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe1 make vot] regi/ration available dur+ ! p]iod ! poll+ place is op5 to ! maximum ext5t all[able "u ,/ate law2 7,g7 %all1 at ea* poll+ place locat$ on ,indian l&s1 provide tra9+1 comp5sation1 & o!r b5efits to election (ficials & poll work]s at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe &1 at a m9imum1 to ! same or great] ext5t t su* tra9+1 comp5sation1 & b5efits are provid$ to election (ficials & poll work]s at o!r poll+ places 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision t are n locat$ on ,indian l&s2 7,h7 %all1 9 all cases1 provide ! ,indian ,tribe an opportunity to designate election (ficials & poll work]s to /aff poll+ places )9 ! ,indian l&s ( ! applicable ,indian ,tribe on e day t ! poll+ places w be op52 7,i7 %all all[ = any eligible vot+ memb] ( ! ,indian ,tribe or any eligible vot+ individual resid+ on ,indian l&s to vote e>ly or 9 p]son at any poll+ place on ,indian l&s1 reg>dless ( t memb] or individual's resid5ce or resid5tial address1 & %all n reject ! ballot ( any su* memb] or individual on ! gr\nds t ! ballot 0 ca/ at ! wrong poll+ place2 & 7,j7 may fulfill ! ,/ate's obligations "u subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,c7 by relocat+ exi/+ poll+ places1 by creat+ new poll+ places1 or bo?4 7b7 ,equitable opportunities ,to vote 7#a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,:5 assess+ ! opportunities to vote provid$ to memb]s ( an ,indian ,tribe & to o!r eligible vot]s 9 ! ,/ate resid+ on ,indian l&s 9 ord] to det]m9e ! numb] ( additional poll+ places 7if any7 t a ,/ate or political subdivision mu/ provide 9 accordance ) subsection 7a77#b77;,c71 ! ,/ate1 political subdivision1 or any c\rt apply+ ?is section1 %all consid] ! totality ( circum/ances (-- 7,a7 ! numb] ( vot+-age citiz5s assign$ to ea* poll+ place2 7,b7 ! di/ances t vot]s mu/ travel to rea* ! poll+ places2 7,c7 ! "t t vot]s mu/ sp5d travel+ to rea* ! poll+ places1 includ+ "u inclem5t wea!r conditions2 7,d7 ! modes ( transportation1 if any1 t are regul>ly & broadly available to vot]s to use to rea* ! poll+ places2 7,e7 ! exi/5ce ( & access to frequ5t & reliable public transportation to ! poll+ places2 7,f7 ! l5g? ( l9es & "t vot]s wait$ to ca/ a ballot 9 previ\s elections2 & 7,g7 any o!r factor relevant to effectuat+ ! aim ( a*iev+ equal vot+ opportunity = individuals liv+ on ,indian l&s4 7#b7 ,abs5ce ( factors ,:5 assess+ ! opportunities to vote 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,/ate1 political subdivision1 or c\rt %all ensure t ea* factor describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 is consid]$ reg>dless ( :e!r any "o factor w\ld lead to a det]m9ation n to provide additional poll+ places "u subsection 7a77#b77;,c74 7c7 ,=m2 ,provision ( =m2 ,obligations ( ! ,indian ,tribe 7#a7 ,=m ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all e/abli% ! =m describ$ 9 ?is subsection ?r\gh :i* an ,indian ,tribe c fulfill its obligations "u ?is subsection4 7#b7 ,provision ( ,=m ,ea* ,/ate or political subdivision ^: t]ritory conta9s all or "p ( an ,indian ,tribe's ,indian l&s-- 7,a7 %all provide ! =m e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 to ea* applicable ,indian ,tribe n less ?an #cj days prior to ! deadl9e set by ! ,/ate or political subdivision = completion ( ! obligations "u ?is subsection 7:i* deadl9e %all be n less ?an #cj days prior to a ,f$]al election7 :]eby an ,indian ,tribe c fulfill its obligations "u ?is subsection by provid+ ! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c7 on t =m & submitt+ ! =m back to ! applicable ,/ate or political subdivision by su* deadl9e2 7,b7 %all n edit ! =m e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 or apply any additional obligations on ! ,indian ,tribe ) respect to ?is section2 & 7,c7 %all coop]ate 9 good fai? ) ! ef=ts ( ! ,indian ,tribe to satisfy ! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection4 7#c7 ,obligations ( ! ,indian ,tribe ,! requirem5ts = a ,/ate & political subdivision "u subsection 7a77#b7 %all apply ) respect to an ,indian ,tribe once an ,indian ,tribe meets ! foll[+ obligations by complet+ ! =m specifi$ 9 p>agraph 7#a73 7,a7 ,! ,indian ,tribe specifies ! numb] & locations ( reque/$ poll+ places1 e>ly vot+ locations1 & ballot drop boxes to be provid$ on ! ,indian l&s ( t ,indian ,tribe4 7,b7 ,! ,indian ,tribe c]tifies t curbside vot+ w be available = any facilities t lack accessible entrances & exits 9 accordance ) ,f$]al & ,/ate law4 7,c7 ,! ,indian ,tribe c]tifies t ! ,indian ,tribe w ensure t ea* su* reque/$ poll+ place w be op5 & available to all eligible vot]s :o reside 9 ! prec9ct or o!r geographic area assign$ to su* poll+ place1 reg>dless ( :e!r su* eligible vot]s are memb]s ( ! ,indian ,tribe or ( any o!r ,indian ,tribe4 7,d7 ,! ,indian ,tribe reque/s t ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all designate election (ficials & poll work]s to /aff su* reque/$ poll+ places1 or c]tifies t ! ,indian ,tribe w designate election (ficials & poll work]s to /aff su* poll+ places on e day t ! poll+ places w be op54 7,e7 ,! ,indian ,tribe may reque/ t ! ,/ate or political subdivision provide abs5tee ballots )\t requir+ an excuse1 an abs5tee ballot reque/1 or resid5tial address to all eligible vot]s :o reside 9 ! prec9ct or o!r geographic area assign$ to su* poll+ place1 reg>dless ( :e!r su* eligible vot]s are memb]s ( ! ,indian ,tribe or ( any o!r ,indian ,tribe4 7#d7 ,e/abli%$ poll+ places ,once a poll+ place is e/abli%$ "u subsection 7a77#b77;,a7 or subsection 7a77#b77;,c7 ! ,tribe ne$ n fill out ! =m designat$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 aga9 unless or until t ,indian ,tribe reque/s modifications to ! reque/s specifi$ 9 ! mo/ rec5t =m "u p>agraph 7#a74 7#e7 ,opt out ,at any "t t is #fj days or m be=e ! date ( an election1 an ,indian ,tribe t previ\sly has satisfi$ ! obligations ( p>agraph 7#c7 may notify ! ,/ate or political subdivision t ! ,indian ,tribe int5ds to opt out ( ! /&+ obligation = "o or m poll+ places t 7 e/abli%$ 9 accordance ) subsection 7a77#b77;,a7 or subsection 7a77#b77;,c7 = a p>ticul> election or = all future elections4 ,a ,tribe may opt back 9 at any "t4 7d7 ,f$]al poll+ sites ,ea* ,/ate %all designate z vot] poll+ facilities any ( ! facilities id5tifi$ 9 accordance ) subp>agraph 7,c7 or 7,d7 ( section #g7;a77#b7 ( ! ,national ,vot] ,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjejf7;a77#b771 at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe1 provid$ t ! facility meets ! requirem5ts ( ,f$]al & ,/ate law z appli$ to o!r poll+ places )9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision4 ,! applicable ag5cy ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t %all ensure t su* designat$ facilities are made available z poll+ places4 7e7 ,mail-,9 ballot+ ,9 ,/ates or political subdivisions t p]mit abs5tee or mail-9 ballot+1 ! foll[+ %all apply ) respect to an election = ,f$]al (fice3 7#a7 ,= ea* ballot ca/ by a memb] ( an ,indian ,tribe liv+ on ,indian l&s1 all po/age %all be prepaid by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t & ea* ballot po/m>k$ ! day ! ballot is receiv$ at a po/al facility locat$ on ,indian l&s4 7#b7 ,an ,indian ,tribe may designate at lea/ "o build+ p] prec9ct z a ballot pickup & collection location 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is section z a tribally designat$ build+s7 at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe4 ,! applicable ,/ate or political subdivision %all collect & timely deposit all ballots f ea* tribally designat$ build+4 7#c7 ,at ! applicable ,tribe's reque/1 ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide mail-9 & abs5tee ballots to ea* regi/]$ vot] resid+ on ,indian l&s 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision )\t requir+ a resid5tial address1 a mail-9 or abs5tee ballot reque/1 or an excuse = a mail-9 or abs5tee ballot4 7#d7 ,! address ( a tribally designat$ build+ may s]ve z ! resid5tial address & mail+ address = vot]s liv+ on ,indian l&s if ! tribally designat$ build+ is 9 ! same prec9ct z t vot]4 7#e7 ,if !re is no tribally designat$ build+ )9 ! prec9ct ( a vot] resid+ on ,indian l&s 7includ+ if ! tribally designat$ build+ is on ,indian l&s b n 9 ! same prec9ct z ! vot]71 ! vot] may-- 7,a7 use ano!r tribally designat$ build+ )9 ! ,indian l&s :]e ! vot] is locat$2 or 7,b7 use su* tribally designat$ build+ z a mail+ address & may sep>ately designate ! vot]'s appropriate prec9ct ?r\gh a description ( ! vot]'s address1 z specifi$ 9 section #idbh4d7;a77#b7 ( title #aa1 ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations4 7#f7 ,9 ! case ( a ,/ate or political subdivision t is a cov]$ ,/ate or political subdivision "u section #bjc ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejc71 t ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide abs5tee or mail-9 vot+ mat]ials ) respect to an election = ,f$]al (fice 9 ! language ( ! applicable m9ority gr\p z well z 9 ! ,engli% language1 bil+ual election vot+ assi/ance1 & writt5 translations ( all vot+ mat]ials 9 ! language ( ! applicable m9ority gr\p1 z requir$ by section #bjc ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejc71 z am5d$ by ?is title4 7#g7 ,a ,/ate or political division %all make reasonable ef=ts to contact a vot] :o resides )9 ,indian l&s locat$ )9 its jurisdiction & (f] su* vot] a reasonable opportunity to cure any defect 9 an abs5tee ballot issu$ to & complet$ & return$ by ! vot]1 or appe>+ on or p]ta9+ to ! mat]ials provid$ = ! purpose ( return+ ! abs5tee ballot1 if ,/ate law w\ld o!rwise require ! abs5tee ballot to be reject$ due to su* defect & ! defect does n compromise ballot secrecy or involve a lack ( witness or assi/ant signature1 :]e su* signature is m&at$ by ,/ate law4 7#h7 ,9 a ,/ate or political subdivision t does n p]mit abs5tee or mail-9 ballot+ = all eligible vot]s 9 ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 t ,/ate or political subdivision %all none!less provide = abs5tee or mail-9 ballot+ = vot]s :o reside on ,indian l&s consi/5t ) ?is section if ! ,/ate1 political subdivision1 or any c\rt apply+ ?is section det]m9es t ! totality ( circum/ances describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 w>rants e/abli%m5t ( abs5tee or mail-9 ballot+ = vot]s :o reside on ,indian l&s locat$ )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision4 7f7 ,ballot drop boxes ,ea* ,/ate %all-- 7#a7 provide n less ?an "o ballot drop box = ea* prec9ct on ,indian l&s1 at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe1 at ei!r ! tribally designat$ build+ "u subsection 7e77#b7 or an alt]native site select$ by ! applicable ,indian ,tribe2 & 7#b7 provide additional drop boxes at ei!r ! tribally designat$ build+ "u subsection 7e77#b7 or an alt]native site select$ by ! applicable ,indian ,tribe if ! ,/ate or political subdivision det]m9es t additional ballot drop boxes %\ld be provid$ bas$ on ! crit]ia consid]$ "u ! totality ( circum/ances enum]at$ "u subsection 7b74 7g7 ,e>ly vot+ 7#a7 ,e>ly vot+ locations ,9 a ,/ate or political subdivision t p]mits e>ly vot+ 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice1 t ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide n less ?an "o e>ly vot+ location = ea* prec9ct on ,indian l&s1 at no co/ to ! ,indian ,tribe1 at a site select$ by ! applicable ,indian ,tribe1 to all[ individuals liv+ on ,indian l&s to vote dur+ an e>ly vot+ p]iod 9 ! same mann] z e>ly vot+ is all[$ on su* date 9 ! re/ ( ! ,/ate or prec9ct4 ,additional e>ly vot+ sites %all be det]m9$ bas$ on ! crit]ia consid]$ "u ! totality ( circum/ances describ$ 9 subsection 7b74 7#b7 ,l5g? ( p]iod ,9 a ,/ate or political subdivision t p]mits e>ly vot+ 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice1 t ,/ate or political subdivision %all provide an e>ly vot+ p]iod ) respect to t election t %all consi/ ( a p]iod ( consecutive days 7includ+ week5ds7 :i* beg9s on ! #ae? day be=e ! date ( ! election 7or1 at ! option ( ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 on a day prior to ! #ae? day be=e ! date ( ! election7 & ends on ! date ( ! election = all e>ly vot+ locations on ,indian l&s4 7#c7 ,m9imum e>ly vot+ requirem5ts ,ea* poll+ place t all[s vot+ dur+ an e>ly vot+ p]iod "u ?is subsection %all-- 7,a7 all[ su* vot+ = no less ?an #aj h\rs on ea* day2 7,b7 h uni=m h\rs ea* day = :i* su* vot+ occurs2 & 7,c7 all[ su* vot+ to be held = "s p]iod ( "t prior to #i3jj a4m4 7local "t7 & "s p]iod ( "t aft] #e3jj p4m4 7local "t74 7#d7 ,ballot process+ & scann+ requirem5ts 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,to ! greate/ ext5t practicable1 ballots ca/ dur+ ! e>ly vot+ p]iod 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice at vot+ locations & drop boxes on ,indian l&s %all be process$ & scann$ = tabulation 9 advance ( ! close ( polls on ! date ( ! election4 7,b7 ,limitation ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all be con/ru$ to p]mit a ,/ate or political subdivision to tabulate & c\nt ballots 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice be=e ! clos+ ( ! polls on ! date ( ! election4 7h7 ,provisional ballots 7#a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,9 addition to ! requirem5ts "u section #cjb7;a7 ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajhb7;a771 = ea* ,/ate or political subdivision t provides vot]s provisional ballots1 *all5ge ballots1 or affidavit ballots "u ! ,/ate's applicable law gov]n+ ! vot+ processes = ^? vot]s ^: eligibility to vote is det]m9$ to be unc]ta9 by election (ficials1 election (ficials %all-- 7,a7 provide cle> writt5 in/ructions indicat+ ! reason ! vot] 0 giv5 a provisional ballot1 ! in=mation or docum5ts ! vot] ne$s to prove eligibility1 ! location at :i* ! vot] mu/ appe> to submit ^! mat]ials or alt]native me?ods1 includ+ email or facsimile1 t ! vot] may use to submit ^! mat]ials1 & ! deadl9e = submitt+ ^! mat]ials2 7,b7 p]mit any vot] :o votes provisionally at any poll+ place on ,indian l&s to appe> at any poll+ place or at ! c5tral location = ! election bo>d to submit ! docum5tation or in=mation to prove eligibility2 7,c7 p]mit any vot] :o votes provisionally at any poll+ place to submit ! requir$ in=mation or docum5tation via email or facsimile1 if ! vot] pref]s to use su* me?ods z an alt]native to appe>+ 9 p]son to submit ! requir$ in=mation or docum5tation to prove eligibility2 7,d7 notify ! vot] on :e!r ! vot]'s provisional ballot 0 c\nt$ or reject$ by telephone1 email1 or po/al mail1 or any o!r available me?od1 includ+ notify+ ! vot] ( any onl9e track+ website if ,/ate law provides = su* a me*anism2 & 7,e7 provide ! reason = rejection if ! vot]'s provisional ballot 0 reject$ aft] ! vot] provid$ ! requir$ in=mation or docum5tation on eligibility4 7#b7 ,duties ( election (ficials ,a ,/ate or political subdivision describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 %all ensure 9 ea* case 9 :i* a provisional ballot is ca/1 t election (ficials-- 7,a7 reque/ & collect ! vot]'s email address1 if ! vot] has "o1 & transmit any writt5 in/ructions issu$ to ! vot] 9 p]son to ! vot] via email2 & 7,b7 provide a v]bal translation ( any writt5 in/ructions to ! vot]4 7i7 ,en=cem5t 7#a7 ,attorney g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may br+ a civil action 9 an appropriate di/rict c\rt = su* decl>atory or injunctive relief z is necess>y to c>ry out ?is section4 7#b7 ,private "r ( action 7,a7 ,a p]son or ,indian ,tribe :o is aggriev$ by a violation ( ?is section may provide writt5 notice ( ! violation to ! *ief election (ficial ( ! ,/ate involv$4 7,b7 ,an aggriev$ p]son or ,indian ,tribe may br+ a civil action 9 an appropriate di/rict c\rt = decl>atory or injunctive relief ) respect to a violation ( ?is section1 if-- 7i7 t p]son or ,indian ,tribe provides ! notice describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a72 & 7ii7 7,i7 9 ! case ( a violation t occurs m ?an #abj days be=e ! date ( an election = ,f$]al (fice1 ! violation rema9s & #ij days or m h pass$ s9ce ! date on :i* ! *ief election (ficial ( ! ,/ate receives ! notice "u subp>agraph 7,a72 or 7,,ii7 9 ! case ( a violation t occurs #abj days or less b m ?an #cj days be=e ! date ( an election = ,f$]al (fice1 ! violation rema9s & #bj days or m h pass$ s9ce ! date on :i* ! *ief election (ficial ( ! ,/ate receives ! notice "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7,c7 ,9 ! case ( a violation ( ?is section t occurs #cj days or less be=e ! date ( an election = ,f$]al (fice1 an aggriev$ p]son or ,indian ,tribe may br+ a civil action 9 an appropriate di/rict c\rt = decl>atory or injunctive relief ) respect to ! violation )\t provid+ notice to ! *ief election (ficial ( ! ,/ate "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7#c7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to prev5t a ,/ate or political subdivision f provid+ additional poll+ places or e>ly vot+ locations on ,indian l&s4 #cjg4 ,proc$ures = removal ( poll+ places & vot] regi/ration sites on ,indian l&s 7a7 ,actions ,requir+ ,tribal ,adm9i/rative ,review ,no ,/ate or political subdivision may c>ry out any ( ! foll[+ activities 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice unless ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7b7 h be5 met3 7#a7 ,elim9at+ poll+ places or vot] regi/ration sites on ! ,indian l&s ( an ,indian ,tribe4 7#b7 ,mov+ or consolidat+ a poll+ place or vot] regi/ration site on ! ,indian l&s ( an ,indian ,tribe to a location #a mile or fur!r f ! exi/+ location ( ! poll+ place or vot] regi/ration site4 7#c7 ,mov+ or consolidat+ a poll+ place on ! ,indian l&s ( an ,indian ,tribe to a location across a riv]1 lake1 m\nta91 or o!r natural b\nd>y su* t x increases travel "t = a vot]1 reg>dless ( di/ance4 7#d7 ,elim9at+ 9-p]son vot+ on ! ,indian l&s ( an ,indian ,tribe by designat+ an ,indian res]vation z a p]man5t abs5tee vot+ location1 unless ! ,indian ,tribe reque/s su* a designation & has n lat] reque/$ t ! designation z a p]man5t abs5tee vot+ location be rev]s$4 7#e7 ,remov+ an e>ly vot+ location or o!rwise dim9i%+ e>ly vot+ opportunities on ,indian l&s4 7#f7 ,remov+ a ballot drop box or o!rwise dim9i%+ ballot drop boxes on ,indian l&s4 7#g7 ,decreas+ ! numb] ( days or h\rs t an 9-p]son or e>ly vot+ poll+ place is op5 on ,indian l&s only or *ang+ ! dates ( 9-p]son or e>ly vot+ only on ! ,indian l&s ( an ,indian ,tribe4 7b7 ,tribal adm9i/rative review 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection h be5 met if-- 7,a7 ! impact$ ,indian ,tribe submits to ! ,attorney ,g5]al ! ,indian ,tribe's writt5 cons5t to ! propos$ activity describ$ 9 subsection 7a72 7,b7 ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 aft] consultation ) ! impact$ ,indian ,tribe & aft] attempt+ to h ! impact$ ,indian ,tribe give cons5t z describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 in/itutes an action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia = a decl>atory judgm5t1 & a decl>atory judgm5t is issu$ bas$ ^u affirmative evid5ce provid$ by ! ,/ate or political subdivision1 t conclusively e/abli%es t ! specifi$ activity describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 propos$ by ! ,/ate or political subdivision nei!r has ! purpose nor w h ! effect ( d5y+ or abridg+ ! "r to vote on acc\nt ( race or color1 memb]%ip 9 an ,indian ,tribe1 or memb]%ip 9 a language m9ority gr\p2 or 7,c7 ! *ief legal (fic] or o!r appropriate (ficial ( su* ,/ate or political subdivision1 aft] consultation ) ! impact$ ,indian ,tribe & aft] attempt+ to h ! impact$ ,indian ,tribe give cons5t z describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 submits a reque/ to c>ry out ! specifi$ activity describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 to ! ,attorney ,g5]al & ! ,attorney ,g5]al affirmatively approves ! specifi$ activity4 7#b7 ,no limitation on future actions 7,a7 ,no b> to subsequ5t action ,nei!r an affirmative indication by ! ,attorney ,g5]al t no objection w be made1 nor ! ,attorney ,g5]al's failure to object1 nor a decl>atory judgm5t ent]$ "u ?is section1 nor a writt5 cons5t issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 %all b> a subsequ5t action to enjo9 en=cem5t ( an activity describ$ 9 subsection 7a74 7,b7 ,reexam9ation ,! ,attorney ,g5]al res]ves ! "r to reexam9e any submission "u p>agraph 7#a77;,c7 if additional relevant in=mation comes to ! ,attorney ,g5]al's att5tion4 7,c7 ,di/rict c\rt ,any action "u ?is section %all be he>d & det]m9$ by a di/rict c\rt ( #c judges 9 accordance ) ! provisions ( section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 & any appeal %all lie to ! ,supreme ,c\rt4 #cjh4 ,tribal vot] id5tification 7a7 ,tribal id5tification ,if a ,/ate or political subdivision requires an individual to pres5t id5tification = ! purposes ( vot+ or regi/]+ to vote 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice1 an id5tification c>d issu$ by a f$]ally recogniz$ ,indian ,tribe1 ! ,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs1 ! ,indian ,heal? ,s]vice1 or any o!r ,tribal or ,f$]al ag5cy issu+ id5tification c>ds to eligible ,indian vot]s %all be treat$ z a valid =m ( id5tification = su* purposes4 7b7 ,onl9e regi/ration ,if a ,/ate or political subdivision requires an id5tification c>d = an individual to regi/] to vote onl9e or to vote onl9e1 t ,/ate or political subdivision %all annually consult ) an ,indian ,tribe to det]m9e :e!r a tribal id5tification c feasibly be us$ to regi/] to vote onl9e or vote onl9e4 7c7 ,limitation on requir+ multiple =ms ( id5tification ,if a ,/ate or political subdivision requires an individual to pres5t m ?an "o =m ( id5tification = ! purposes ( vot+ or regi/]+ to vote 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice1 or = regi/]+ to vote onl9e or to vote onl9e1 t ,/ate or political subdivision %all n require any memb] ( an ,indian ,tribe to provide m ?an "o =m ( id5tification if ! memb] provides orally or 9 writ+ t ! memb] does n possess m ?an "o =m ( id5tification4 #cji4 ,p]mitt+ vot]s ,to designate o!r p]son to return ballot ,ea* ,/ate or political subdivision-- 7#a7 %all p]mit any p]son to return a seal$ ballot ( a vot] t resides on ,indian l&s to a po/ (fice on ,indian l&s1 a ballot drop box location 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision t provides ballot drop boxes1 a tribally designat$ build+ "u section #cjf7;e77#b71 or an election (fice1 s long z ! p]son designat$ to return ! ballot or ballots on behalf ( ano!r vot] does n receive any =m ( comp5sation bas$ on ! numb] ( ballots t ! p]son has return$ & no individual1 gr\p1 or organization provides comp5sation on ?is basis2 7#b7 may n put any limit on h[ _m vot$ & seal$ abs5tee ballots any designat$ p]son c return to ! po/ (fice1 ballot drop box location1 tribally designat$ build+1 or election (fice "u p>agraph 7#a72 & 7#c7 %all p]mit any p]son to return vot] regi/ration applications1 abs5tee ballot applications1 or abs5tee ballots to ballot drop box locations 9 a ,/ate or political subdivision t provides ballot drop boxes = ^! purposes4 #caj4 ,bil+ual election requirem5ts ,section #bjc ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajejc7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7b77#c77;,c71 by /rik+ #aiij & ins]t+ mo/ rec5t2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ subsection 7c7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7c7 ,provision ( vot+ mat]ials 9 ! language ( a m9ority gr\p 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,:5ev] any ,/ate or political subdivision subject to ! prohibition ( subsection 7b71 provides any regi/ration or vot+ notices1 =ms1 in/ructions1 assi/ance1 or o!r mat]ials or in=mation relat+ to ! electoral process1 includ+ ballots1 x %all provide !m 9 ! language ( ! applicable m9ority gr\p z well z 9 ! ,engli% language4 7#b7 ,exceptions 7,a7 ,9 ! case ( a m9ority gr\p t is n ,am]ican ,indian or ,alaska ,native & ! language ( t m9ority gr\p is oral or unwritt51 ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all only be requir$ to furni%1 9 ! cov]$ language1 oral in/ructions1 assi/ance1 translation ( vot+ mat]ials1 or o!r in=mation relat+ to regi/ration & vot+4 7,b7 ,9 ! case ( a m9ority gr\p t is ,am]ican ,indian or ,alaska ,native1 ! ,/ate or political subdivision %all only be requir$ to furni% 9 ! cov]$ language oral in/ructions1 assi/ance1 or o!r in=mation relat+ to regi/ration & vot+1 includ+ all vot+ mat]ials1 if ! ,indian ,tribe ( t m9ority gr\p has c]tifi$ t ! language ( ! applicable ,am]ican ,indian or ,alaska ,native language is pres5tly unwritt5 or ! ,indian ,tribe does n want writt5 translations 9 ! m9ority language4 7#c7 ,writt5 translations = election work]s ,not)/&+ p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,/ate or political division may be requir$ to provide writt5 translations ( vot+ mat]ials1 ) ! cons5t ( any applicable ,indian ,tribe1 to election work]s to ensure t ! translations f ,engli% to ! language ( a m9ority gr\p are complete1 accurate1 & uni=m4 4 #caa4 ,f$]al obs]v]s to protect ,tribal vot+ rights 7a7 ,am5dm5t to ! vot+ rights act ( #aife ,section #h7;a7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7;a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ or aft] ! semicolon2 7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b71 by add+ or aft] ! semicolon2 & 7#c7 by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#b7 ! foll[+3 7#c7 ! ,attorney ,g5]al has receiv$ a writt5 compla9t f an ,indian ,tribe t ef=ts to d5y or abridge ! "r to vote "u ! color ( law on acc\nt ( race or color1 memb]%ip 9 an ,indian ,tribe1 or 9 contrav5tion ( ! gu>antees set =? 9 section #d7;f77#b71 are likely to occur2 4 7b7 ,publicly available reports ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all make publicly available ! reports ( a ,f$]al election obs]v] appo9t$ pursuant to section 7#h77;a77#c7 ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcje7;a77#c771 z add$ by subsection 7a71 n lat] ?an #f mon?s aft] ! date t su* reports are submitt$ to ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 except t any p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation relat+ to a vot] or ! sub/ance ( ! vot]'s ballot %all n be made public4 #cab4 ,tribal jurisdiction 7a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,tribal law en=cem5t h ! "r to ex]cise _! inh]5t au?ority to deta9 & or remove any non-,indian1 n affiliat$ ) ! ,/ate1 its political subdivision1 or ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 f ,indian l&s = intimidat+1 h>ass+1 or o!rwise imp$+ ! ability ( p to vote or ( ! ,/ate & its political subdivisions to conduct an election4 7b7 ,civil action by ,attorney ,g5]al = relief ,:5ev] any p]son has engag$ or !re are reasonable gr\nds to believe t any p]son is ab\t to engage 9 any act or practice prohibit$ by ?is section1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may in/itute = ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or 9 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 an action = prev5tive relief1 includ+ an application = a tempor>y or p]man5t injunction1 re/ra9+ ord]1 or o!r ord]1 & includ+ an ord] direct$ to ! ,/ate & ,/ate or local election (ficials to require !m to p]mit p]sons to vote & to c\nt su* votes4 #cac4 ,tribal vot+ consultation ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all consult annually ) ,indian ,tribes reg>d+ issues relat$ to vot+ 9 elections = ,f$]al (fice4 #cad4 ,attorneys' fees1 exp]t fees1 & litigation exp5ses ,9 a civil action "u ?is title1 ! c\rt %all aw>d ! prevail+ p>ty1 o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 reasonable attorney fees1 includ+ litigation exp5ses1 reasonable exp]t fees1 & co/s4 #cae4 ,,gao /udy & report ,! ,comptroll] ,g5]al %all /udy ! preval5ce ( nontraditional or nonexi/5t mail+ addresses among ,indians1 ^? :o are memb]s ( ,indian ,tribes1 & ^? resid+ on ,indian l&s & id5tify alt]natives to remove b>ri]s to vot] regi/ration1 receipt ( vot] in=mation & mat]ials1 & receipt ( ballots4 ,! ,comptroll] ,g5]al %all report ! results ( t /udy to ,congress n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is title4 #caf4 ,unit$ ,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice consultation ,! ,po/ma/] ,g5]al %all consult ) ,indian ,tribes1 on an annual basis1 reg>d+ issues relat+ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice t pres5t b>ri]s to vot+ = eligible vot]s liv+ on ,indian l&s4 #cag4 ,sev]ability2 relation%ip to o!r laws2 ,tribal sov]eign immunity 7a7 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is title1 or ! application ( su* a provision to any p]son1 entity1 or circum/ance1 is held to be invalid1 ! rema9+ provisions ( ?is title & ! application ( all provisions ( ?is title to any o!r p]son1 entity1 or circum/ance %all n be affect$ by ! invalidity4 7b7 ,relation%ip to o!r laws ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all invalidate1 or limit ! rights1 rem$ies1 or proc$ures available "u1 or sup]s$e1 re/rict1 or limit ! application (1 ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 ! ,national ,vot] ,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjeja et seq471 ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjija et seq471 or any o!r ,f$]al law or regulation relat$ to vot+ or ! electoral process4 ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law1 ! provisions ( ?is title1 & ! am5dm5ts made by ?is title1 %all be applicable )9 ! ,/ate ( ,ma9e4 7c7 ,tribal sov]eign immunity ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z-- 7#a7 affect+1 modify+1 dim9i%+1 or o!rwise impair+ ! sov]eign immunity f suit enjoy$ by an ,indian ,tribe2 or 7#b7 au?oriz+ or requir+ ! t]m9ation ( any exi/+ tru/ responsibility ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) respect to ,indian p4 #cah4 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ su* sums z may be necess>y to c>ry out ?is title4 ,octob] #f1 #bjba,read ! second "t & plac$ on ! cal5d>