,,ii  #aag? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #cigc  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,m>* #ca1 #bjbb ,mr4   
,b5net introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0   
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,heal?1 ,education1 ,labor1 & ,p5sions  
,a ,,bill  ,to help local educational   
ag5cies replace z]o-tol]ance discipl9>y 
policies & punitive discipl9e 9 elem5t>y
 & second>y s*ools ) re/orative         
practices4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act   
may be cit$ z ! ,re/orative ,practices 9
 ,s*ools ,act ( #bjbb4  #b4 ,purpose ,! 
purpose ( ?is ,act is to help local     
educational ag5cies replace z]o-tol]ance
 discipl9>y policies & punitive         
discipl9e 9 elem5t>y & second>y s*ools )
 re/orative practices t--  7#a7 provide 
an int5tional approa* to s*ool safety & 
/ud5t well-be+ t addresses ! ne$s ( !   
:ole *ild2  7#b7 recognize /ud5t        
behavior z a result ( und]ly+ ne$1 &    
*ildhood emotional & behavioral         
developm5t2  7#c7 build community &     
repair relation%ips :ile develop+       

/ud5ts' proactive skills = conflict     
resolution1 communication1              
problem-solv+1 & empa?y2  7#d7 r$uce    
undesirable behavior2 &  7#e7 promote   
relation%ip-c5t]$ s*ools & safe1        
inclusive le>n+ environm5ts ) positive  
s*ool climates4  #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is 
,act3  7#a7 ,,esea ,t]ms ,! t]ms        
elem5t>y s*ool1 evid5ce-bas$1 local     
educational ag5cy1 p>5t1 pr(essional    
developm5t1 s*ool lead]1 second>y s*ool1
 ,secret>y1 specializ$ in/ructional     
support p]sonnel1 & o!r /aff h ! mean+  
giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #haja ( !        
,elem5t>y & ,second>y ,education ,act ( 
#aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ghja74  7#b7      
,program p]sonnel ,! t]m program        
p]sonnel means--  7,a7 any ag5t ( a     
local educational ag5cy1 includ+ an     
individual :o is employ$ by a local     
educational ag5cy1 or :o p]=ms s]vices =
 a local educational ag5cy on a         
contractual basis1 includ+-- 7i7 s*ool  
lead]s2  7ii7 educators2  7iii7         
specializ$ in/ructional support         

p]sonnel2  7iv7 p>apr(essionals2 or  7v7
 o!r /aff2 &  7,b7 a s*ool-bas$ law     
en=cem5t (fic]4  7#c7 ,re/orative       
practices ,! t]m re/orative practices   
means evid5ce-bas$ practices t--  7,a7  
ackn[l$ge & honor ! dignity ( /ud5ts2   
7,b7 are proactive approa*es t tea* &   
build community1 empa?y1 & acc\ntability
 s*ool-wide to r$uce & disc\rage        
undesirable /ud5t behavior2  7,c7       
improve s*ool climate1 elevate /ud5ts'  
voices1 & /r5g!n all relation%ips 9 a   
s*ool community2  7,d7 may include--    
7i7 /rategies su* z re/orative dialogue1
 in=mal conf]5c+1 proactive circles1 &  
responsive circles2  7ii7 reactive      
/rategies t address conflicts1          
individual incid5ts1 & classroom-wide   
issues2 &  7iii7 =mal conf]5ces1        
re9tegration circles1 & circles (       
support & acc\ntability to cultivate    
empa?y & repair h>m2 &  7,e7 d n include
 m$iation or s*ool-bas$ m$iation to     
address bully+1 h>assm5t1 or o!r =ms (  
discrim9ation4  7#d7 ,s*ool-bas$ law    

en=cem5t (fic] ,! t]m s*ool-bas$ law    
en=cem5t (fic] means any p]son1 sworn or
 unsworn1 :o-- 7,a7 is assign$ by !     
employ+ law en=cem5t ag5cy to a local   
educational ag5cy or s*ool1 :o is       
contract+ ) a local educational ag5cy or
 s*ool1 or :o is employ$ by a local     
educational ag5cy or s*ool2  7,b7  7i7  
has ! p[] to deta91 arre/1 issue a      
citation1 p]=m a cu/odial inve/igation1 
or ref] a p]son to crim9al or juv5ile   
c\rt2 or  7ii7 is consid]$ "u ,/ate law 
to meet ! def9ition ( law en=cem5t2 &   
7,c7 includes an individual ref]r$ to z 
a s*ool res\rce (fic]1 s*ool safety     
ag5t1 or a s*ool police (fic]1 if t     
individual meets ! def9ition 9          
subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b74  7#e7 ,s*ool  
to prison pipel9e ,! t]m s*ool to prison
 pipel9e means ! use ( discipl9e        
practices su* z z]o-tol]ance policies t 
funnel /ud5ts out ( s*ool & t[>d !      
juv5ile legal & crim9al legal sy/ems4   
7#f7 ,subgr\p ( /ud5ts ,! t]m subgr\p ( 
/ud5ts has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 section 

#aaaa7;c77#b7 ( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y 
,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#fcaa7;c77#b774  #d4 ,grant program  7a7
 ,9 ,g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,education    
%all aw>d grants1 on a competitive      
basis1 to local educational ag5cies to  
enable ^? local educational ag5cies to  
implem5t & su/a9 re/orative practices = 
elem5t>y & second>y s*ools & to replace 
exi/+ punitive models1 9 accordance )   
subsection 7d74  7b7 ,applications  7#a7
 ,9 ,g5]al ,local educational ag5cies   
desir+ a grant "u ?is section %all      
submit an application at su* "t1 9 su*  
mann]1 & conta9+ su* in=mation z !      
,secret>y may reasonably require1       
includ+-- 7,a7 in=mation ab\t--  7i7 !  
numb] ( /ud5ts s]v$ by t local          
educational ag5cy :o are 9 contact ) !  
juv5ile legal sy/em at ! "t !           
application is submitt$2  7ii7 !        
p]c5tage ( resid5ts liv+ 9 ! area s]v$  
by ! local educational ag5cy :o are 9   
contact ) ! legal ju/ice sy/em at ! "t !
 application is submitt$2  7iii7 !      

p]c5tage & numb] ( resid5ts liv+ 9 !    
area s]v$ by ! local educational ag5cy  
:o are admitt$ to correctional          
facilities ea* ye>2  7iv7 ! p]c5tage &  
numb] ( resid5ts liv+ 9 ! area s]v$ by !
 local educational ag5cy :o are on      
probation1 p>ole1 or any o!r =m (       
community-bas$ sup]vision at ! "t ( !   
application2 &  7v7 ! p]c5tage or numb] 
( /ud5ts s]v$ by ! local educational    
ag5cy :o-- 7,i7 receiv$ "o or m 9-s*ool 
susp5sions2  7,,ii7 receiv$ "o or m     
out-(-s*ool susp5sions2  7,,iii7 7      
expell$ because ( z]o-tol]ance policies2
  7,,iv7 7 ref]r$ to a law en=cem5t     
ag5cy or (ficial2  7,v7 7 arre/$ =      
s*ool-relat$ activity2 or  7,,vi7       
receiv$ corporal puni%m5t2  7,b7        
demographic in=mation t %[s evid5ce t ! 
community s]v$ by ! local educational   
ag5cy is disproportionally impact$ by ! 
legal ju/ice sy/em or t m>g9aliz$       
subgr\ps 9 t community are              
disproportionally impact$ by ! legal    
ju/ice sy/em2  7,c7 docum5tation (      

mean+ful community engagem5t & /akehold]
 int]e/ 9 e/abli%+ or exp&+ re/orative  
practices at ! local educational ag5cy  
or s*ools s]v$ by ! local educational   
ag5cy1 includ+ engagem5t & int]e/ (     
tea*]s' unions & organizations1 s*ool   
lead]%ip p>5t-tea*] associations1 /ud5t 
c\ncils1 & n less ?an #a advocacy       
organization = ea* subgr\p ( /ud5ts1 &  
:i* may include o!r relevant gr\ps2     
7,d7 a plan to implem5t evid5ce-bas$1   
re/orative1 equitable1 &                
non-discrim9atory s*ool discipl9e       
practices t improve ! climate ( ! local 
educational ag5cy & t meet ! requirem5ts
 ( subsection 7c72  7,e7 ! numb] &      
p]c5tage ( exclusion>y discipl9e        
practices implem5t$ by ! local          
educational ag5cy1 includ+ susp5sions & 
expulsions1 z a :ole & disaggregat$ by  
/ud5t subgr\p1 /ud5ts exp]i5c+          
homelessness1 & /ud5ts :o are *ildr5 &  
y\? 9 fo/] c>e2  7,f7 an assurance t !  
local educational ag5cy w meet !        
requirem5ts describ$ 9 subsection 7c72 &

  7,g7 a description ( :e!r ! local     
educational ag5cy meets ! crit]ia       
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 or 7,b7 (   
p>agraph 7#c74  7#b7 ,priority ,9 aw>d+ 
grants "u ?is section1 ! ,secret>y %all 
give priority to local educational      
ag5cies t--  7,a7 s]ve communities t h  
be5 disproportionately impact$ by !     
juv5ile & crim9al legal sy/ems2  7,b7 h 
disproportionally high rates ( grade    
ret5tion1 susp5sions1 & expulsions =    
c]ta9 subgr\ps ( /ud5ts2  7,c7 s]ve     
/ud5ts 9 an area t has a high           
conc5tration ( resid5ts 9 pov]ty1       
includ+ local educational ag5cies t are 
9 ! highe/ qu>tile ( local educational  
ag5cies 9 a rank+ ( all qualifi$ local  
educational ag5cies 9 ! ,/ate rank$ 9   
desc5d+ ord] by ! numb] or p]c5tage (   
*ildr5 9 ea* ag5cy c\nt$ "u section     
#aabd7;c7 ( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y     
,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#fccc7;c772 or  7,d7 s]ve /ud5ts 9 a    
rural community & ne$ additional /aff to
 support ! implem5tation ( re/orative   

practices4  7#c7 ,grant applicant pools 
,9 aw>d+ grants "u ?is section1 !       
,secret>y %all evaluate applicants      
accord+ to ! foll[+ two di/9ct applicant
 pools3 7,a7 ,applicants seek+ to       
implem5t re/orative practices 9 "o or m 
s*ools s]v$ by ! local educational ag5cy
 = ! fir/ "t4  7,b7 ,applicants seek+ to
 exp& & su/a9 exi/+ re/orative practice 
programs 9 "o or m s*ools s]v$ by !     
local educational ag5cy or improve data 
collection sy/ems "u subsection 7d77#d71
 z ! case may be4  7c7 ,requirem5ts =   
grant recipi5ts ,9 ord] to receive a    
grant "u ?is section a local educational
 ag5cy %all submit an assurance to !    
,secret>y z "p ( ! application describ$ 
9 subsection 7b7 t ! local educational  
ag5cy w agree to--  7#a7 hire a full-"t 
employee 7:o %all n h academic tea*+ or 
adm9i/rative duties di/9ct f !          
responsibilities describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph
 & %all n be a law en=cem5t (fic] or a  
retir$ law en=cem5t (fic]7 ^: prim>y    
responsibility is to provide tra9+1     

pr(essional developm5t1 coa*+1 &        
ov]sight = re/orative practices         
implem5tation 9 ! local educational     
ag5cy or s*ools s]v$ by ! local         
educational ag5cy2  7#b7 fund ongo+     
re/orative practices tra9+1 pr(essional 
developm5t1 & on-site coa*+ = all       
program p]sonnel1 /ud5ts1 & int]e/$     
p>5ts2  7#c7 elim9ate-- 7,a7            
z]o-tol]ance discipl9>y policies at !   
local educational ag5cy or at all       
elem5t>y & second>y s*ools s]v$ by !    
local educational ag5cy2 or  7,b7 !     
application ( ^! policies to undesirable
 behavior to ! greate/ ext5t possible "u
 ,/ate law2  7#d7 adopt safety &        
discipl9e policies or codes ( conduct   
t--  7,a7 emphasize ways ( ma9ta9+      
safety t m9imize ! involvem5t ( law     
en=cem5t 7includ+ s*ool-bas$ law        
en=cem5t (fic]s & includ+ ,u4,s4        
,immigration & ,cu/oms ,en=cem5t71 to ! 
greate/ ext5t t is practicable & p]mitt$
 "u applicable ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local   
laws2 &  7,b7 elim9ate ! use (          

exclusion>y discipl9e policies1 includ+ 
susp5sions & expulsions = undesirable   
/ud5t behavior to ! greate/ ext5t       
p]mitt$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local laws2 
7#e7 implem5t implicit bias1 cultural   
compet5ce1 & anti-raci/ tra9+ = program 
p]sonnel2  7#f7 e/abli% policies t limit
 :5 law en=cem5t c be call$ into s*ools1
 includ+ by--  7,a7 recogniz+ ! local   
educational ag5cy z ! prim>y au?ority   
responsible = s*ool climate & safety2   
7,b7 requir+ t s*ool discipl9e issues be
 h&l$ by program p]sonnel :o are n      
s*ool-bas$ law en=cem5t (fic]s1 police1 
security (fic]s1 or o!r law en=cem5t1   
unless !re is a real1 imm$iate1         
specific1 & cr$ible ?reat ( s]i\s       
physical injury to a /ud5t1 tea*]1 or   
o!r memb] ( ! s*ool community2 &  7,c7  
e/abli%+ t s*ool adm9i/rators %all h    
f9al responsibility & jurisdiction ov] !
 build+1 ! gr\nds1 & all memb]s ( !     
s*ool community1 to ! greate/ ext5t     
p]mitt$ by law2  7#g7 prohibit !        
issuance ( tickets1 summonses1 &        

ref]rals ( /ud5ts to ! juv5ile or       
crim9al legal sy/ems = all s*ool        
discipl9>y matt]s & s*ool /atus (f5ses2 
7#h7 provide prop] notice & a "r (      
action or appeals proc$ures = /ud5ts1   
p>5ts1 & gu>dians involv$ 9 s*ool       
discipl9e2  7#i7 prohibit ! use ( metal 
detectors1 facial recognition s(tw>e1 & 
o!r surveillance te*nology & approa*es2 
&  7#aj7 prohibit ! %>+ ( /ud5t data    
7p]sonal & academic7 ) ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or
 local law en=cem5t1 ,u4,s4 ,immigration
 & ,cu/oms ,en=cem5t1 or o!r law        
en=cem5t1 except z requir$ by law4  7d7 
,uses ( grant funds ,a local educational
 ag5cy %all use grant funds receiv$ "u  
?is section to support ! implem5tation (
 re/orative practices 9 elem5t>y &      
second>y s*ools s]v$ by ! local         
educational ag5cy4 ,funds may be us$ to 
c>ry out "o or m ( ! foll[+ activities3 
7#a7 ,hir+ additional full-"t & "p-"t   
employees 7includ+ /ud5ts & p>5ts7 to   
lead evid5ce-bas$1 re/orative practices 
at ! di/rict or s*ool level4  7#b7      

,provid+ anti-raci/1 culturally         
compet5t1 & l+ui/ically responsive      
curriculum & mat]ial developm5t & tra9+ 
to program p]sonnel4  7#c7 ,provid+     
trauma-in=m$ or heal+-c5t]$ engagem5t   
practice tra9+4  7#d7 ,if n already 9   
place1 develop+ data collection sy/ems  
to accurately docum5t behavior incid5ts 
z well z s*ool responses to ^? incid5ts1
 su* z re/orative circles to support    
implem5tation ( re/orative practices4   
7#e7 ,(f]+ robu/ integrat$ /ud5t        
supports1 su* z wrap>\nd s]vices &      
social s]vices necess>y to address !    
und]ly+ causes ( undesirable /ud5t      
behavior1 includ+ hir+ specializ$       
in/ructional support p]sonnel & relat$  
s]vice provid]s su* z psy*ologi/s1      
c\nselors1 nurses1 social work]s1       
p>apr(essionals1 conflict resolution    
/aff1 & advisors1 9 a mann] t is 9      
accordance )-- 7,a7 evid5ce-bas$        
/ud5t-educator ratios2 &  7,b7          
individual education plan requirem5ts ( 
! ,individuals ) ,disabilities          

,education ,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adjj et 
seq474  7#f7 ,promot+ p>tn]%ips & local 
liaisons 9 ord] to coord9ate ) exi/+    
social & community-bas$ s]vices &       
provid]s to connect y\? ) tru/$ &       
e/abli%$ res\rces4  7#g7 ,develop+ &    
implem5t+ div]sion programs = "y p 9 _! 
communities1 su* z-- 7,a7 truancy       
div]sion2  7,b7 truancy bo>ds2  7,c7 pe]
 m$iation2  7,d7 alt]native dispute     
resolution to r$uce ref]rals to a       
c\rt-designat$ work]2 &  7,e7           
relation%ip-c5t]$ s*ools t support /rong
 family & community engagem5t4  7#h7    
,provid+ tra9+ & pr(essional developm5t 
= program p]sonnel to id5tify1          
de-escalate1 & o!rwise appropriately    
respond to /ud5t trauma & h>m4  7e7     
,report+  7#a7 local educational ag5cy  
requirem5ts ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft]     
receiv+ a grant "u ?is section1 & ea*   
ye> !reaft]1 ea* local educational ag5cy
 t receives a grant "u ?is section %all 
provide to ! ,secret>y--  7,a7 a writt5 
assurance t-- 7i7 ! local educational   

ag5cy or s*ools s]v$ by ! local         
educational ag5cy h be5 notifi$ ( & are 
9 compliance ) ! requirem5ts describ$ "u
 subsection 7c72  7ii7 all program      
p]sonnel ( ! local educational ag5cy h  
receiv$ tra9+ ) respect to su*          
requirem5ts2  7iii7 p>5ts ( /ud5ts      
enroll$ 9 ! local educational ag5cy or  
s]v$ by su* local educational ag5cy h   
be5 notifi$ ( ^? requirem5ts ) respect  
to ! local educational ag5cy bas$ on    
receipt ( ! grant2 &  7iv7 !            
notification requir$ "u clause 7iii7 is 
publicly available on ! website ( !     
local educational ag5cy2 &  7,b7 a s*ool
 climate report1 :i* %all be publicly   
available 9 an easily accessible =mat on
 a s*ool or di/rict website1 t includes 
a description (--  7i7 ! policies &     
proc$ures ( ! local educational ag5cy ) 
respect exclusion>y & av]sive discipl9e 
practices or int]v5tions 9 ! local      
educational ag5cy or s*ools s]v$ by !   
local educational ag5cy2  7ii7 h[ !     
local educational ag5cy plans to        

implem5t1 is implem5t+1 or has implem5t$
 re/orative practices & o!r models to   
address /ud5t behavior & r$uce ! use (  
exclusion>y & av]sive discipl9e         
practices or int]v5tions 9 ! local      
educational ag5cy or s*ools s]v$ by !   
local educational ag5cy2  7iii7 ef=ts ( 
! local educational ag5cy to ensure all 
program p]sonnel receive ! supports &   
tra9+ necess>y to implem5t re/orative   
practices2  7iv7 ef=ts ( ! local        
educational ag5cy to ensure program     
p]sonnel are implem5t+ practices (      
anti-racism1 cultural compet5ce1 &      
anti-bias to ensure ! s*ool environm5t  
is free f racial & o!r =ms ( h>assm5t2  
7v7 h[ ! local educational ag5cy has    
tak5 /eps to ensure its re/orative      
practices h c5t]$ on ! ne$s ( ^? :o h   
be5 h>m$ by z]o-tol]ance discipl9>y     
policies & punitive discipl9>y          
practices2  7vi7 ! numb] ( /ud5ts t are 
s]v$ by ! local educational ag5cy :o    
engag$ 9 "s =m ( re/orative practice    
dur+ ! report+ p]iod & ! k9ds (         

re/orative practices t 7 us$1           
disaggregat$ & cross-tabulat$ bas$ on   
race1 g5d]1 & disability /atus1 & by    
category describ$ "u subsection         
7b77#a77;,a77v72  7vii7 ! numb] ( /ud5ts
 t are s]v$ by ! local educational ag5cy
 t 7 subject to exclusion>y discipl9e   
dur+ ! report+ p]iod1 :i* %all be       
disaggregat$ & cross-tabulat$ bas$ on   
race1 g5d]1 & disability /atus2  7viii7 
a demon/ration ( cont9u$ engagem5t among
 /ud5ts1 p>5ts1 & o!r /akehold]s2 &     
7ix7 a plan t articulates h[ ! local    
educational ag5cy w su/a9 ! use (       
re/orative practices aft] ! grant p]iod 
is conclud$4  7#b7 ,report ,! ,secret>y 
%all /udy data collect$ f ! grant       
program "u ?is section & o!r relevant   
programs & use su* data to submit1 n    
lat] ?an #c ye>s aft] ! date ( !        
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & n less ?an once e
 #a ye> !reaft]1 to ! ,committee on     
,education & ,labor ( ! ,h\se (         
,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on       
,heal?1 ,education1 ,labor1 & ,p5sions (

 ! ,s5ate1 & make publicly available1 a 
report--  7,a7 summ>iz+ ! in=mation f   
grantees z describ$ "u p>agraph 7#a72   
7,b7 highlight+ /rong examples (        
re/orative practices 9 s*ools2  7,c7    
in=m+ guidance on s*ool discipl9e t c   
dramatically r$uce ! numb] ( *ildr5 :o  
are funnel$ into ! s*ool to prison      
pipel9e2 &  7,d7 conta9+ recomm5dations 
ab\t h[ s*ools c /r5g!n compliance )    
,f$]al civil rights laws4  7f7          
,acc\ntability ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es 
t an entity has misus$ funds or fail$ to
 comply ) program requirem5ts1 !        
,secret>y may )hold funds until an      
entity comes into compliance1 9         
accordance ) "p ,d ( ! ,g5]al ,education
 ,provisions ,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #abcd  
et seq474  #e4 ,/udy ( re/orative       
practices  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,comptroll]  
,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all conduct a 
/udy on ! s*ool to prison pipel9e = !   
purposes (--  7#a7 id5tify+ evid5ce-bas$
 int]v5tions to improve /ud5t well-be+ &
 improve s*ool climate1 includ+         

re/orative practices2 &  7#b7 exam9+ !  
role ( ,/ate & local legal1 & education 
sy/ems 9 exac]bat+ disp>ities among     
/ud5ts 7bas$ on race1 sex 7includ+      
sexual ori5tation & g5d] id5tity71      
socioeconomic /atus1 & disability       
/atus71 includ+ ! disproportionate      
involvem5t ( c]ta9 /ud5ts 9 ! legal     
sy/em4  7b7 ,duties ,n lat] ?an #a ye>  
aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !    
,comptroll] ,g5]al %all initiate ! /udy 
"u subsection 7a71 :i* may include--    
7#a7 exam9+ s*ool discipl9e policies t  
are alt]natives to exclusion>y discipl9e
 practices1 t include--  7,a7 ! models =
 pr(essional developm5t & family        
engagem5t 9 local educational ag5cies or
 ,/ates t h adopt$ & effectively        
implem5t$ su* policies2  7,b7 a review (
 ! rese>* on ! impact t su* policies may
 h on /ud5t a*ievem5t1 disproportionate 
discipl9e rates1 & /ud5t well-be+2 &    
7,c7 ! measurem5t tools us$ to collect1 
analyze1 & respond to data relat$ to    
/ud5t discipl9e1 s*ool climate1 & /ud5t 

well-be+ aft] su* policies h be5        
implem5t$2  7#b7 exam9+ ! consequ5ces t 
disp>ities 9 s*ool discipl9e policies   
may h on affect$ /ud5ts1 includ+ impacts
 on le>n+ loss & s*ool completion rates1
 families1 & local communities1 includ+ 
increas+ trauma & o!r risk factors      
associat$ ) ! s*ool to prison pipel9e2  
7#c7 id5tify+ h>mful education & public 
safety policies t direct m /ud5ts into !
 ju/ice sy/em & examples ( ef=ts to     
disrupt su* policies2 &  7#d7 elevat+   
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