,,ii  #aag? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #cbid  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,decemb] #a1 #bjba,ms4 
,klobu*> 7= h]self1 ,ms4 ,murk[ski1 ,ms4
 ,coll9s1 ,ms4 ,s9ema1 ,mr4 ,durb91 ,ms4
 ,duckwor?1 ,mrs4 ,fe9/e91 ,mr4 ,k+1    
,mrs4 ,capito1 ,ms4 ,baldw91 ,ms4       
,cortez ,ma/o1 ,mr4 ,van ,holl51 ,mr4   
,blum5?al1 ,mr4 ,kelly1 ,ms4 ,hirono1   
,mr4 ,leahy1 ,mr4 ,c>d91 ,mr4 ,ka9e1    
,mr4 ,m]kley1 ,ms4 ,smi?1 & ,mrs4       
,%ahe57 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0  
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,rules & ,adm9i/ration  ,a ,,bill  ,to  
obta9 & direct ! placem5t 9 ! ,capitol  
or on ! ,capitol ,gr\nds ( a /atue to   
honor ,associate ,ju/ice ( ! ,supreme   
,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s&ra ,day      
,o',connor & a /atue to honor ,associate
 ,ju/ice ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,ru? ,bad] ,g9sburg4  #a4 ,f9d+s 
7a7 ,s&ra ,day ,o',connor ,congress f9ds
 ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,s&ra ,day ,o',connor 0 
born 9 #aicj 9 ,el ,paso1 ,texas1 & sp5t
 h] *ildhood on h] family's isolat$     

,arizona cattle ran*4 ,%e liv$ ) h]     
gr&mo!r 9 ,el ,paso dur+ ! s*ool ye>1   
away f h] home & p>5ts4  7#b7 ,o',connor
 matriculat$ to ,/an=d ,univ]sity at !  
age ( #af1 & comb9$ h] und]graduate &   
law s*ool curricula1 graduat+ ) a       
ba*elor's degree 9 economics & a law    
degree 9 j #f ye>s4 ,%e 0 ?ird 9 h] law 
s*ool class1 beh9d ,william ,rehnqui/1  
h] future colleague on ! ,supreme ,c\rt 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 79 ?is section ref]r$ 
to z ! ,supreme ,c\rt74  7#c7 ,despite  
h] qualifications1 ,o',connor c\ld n f9d
 "w z an attorney because ( bias aga9/  
wom5 9 ! law4 ,%e end$ up negotiat+ = an
 unpaid position 9 ! ,san ,mateo ,c\nty 
,di/rict ,attorney's (fice at a %>$     
desk1 :ile h] husb&1 ,john1 f9i%$ at    
,/an=d ,law ,s*ool #a ye> lat]4  7#d7   
,o',connor travel$ to ,frankfurt1       
,g]many1 9 #aied ) h] husb& ,john1 :o _h
 jo9$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army ,judge      
,advocate ,g5]al's ,corps1 :]e %e 0 able
 to f9d "w z a civilian attorney ) !    
,unit$ ,/ates ,army ,qu>t]ma/] ,corps4  

,9 #aieg1 ,o',connor return$ to ,arizona
 & /ill c\ld n f9d "w ) a traditional   
law firm due to h] g5d]1 s %e hung out a
 %+le z a sole practition]4  7#e7 ,9    
#aife1 ,o',connor 0 hir$ z an ,assi/ant 
,attorney ,g5]al = ! ,/ate ( ,arizona4  
7#f7 ,active 9 ,republican ,p>ty        
politics & well-receiv$ = h] "w at !    
,arizona ,/ate ,capitol1 ,o',connor 0   
appo9t$ to an ,arizona ,/ate ,s5ate seat
 9 #aifi :5 ! incumb5t1 also a woman1 0 
appo9t$ to a ,f$]al position & vacat$ ! 
(fice4  7#g7 ,9 #aigj1 ,o',connor 0     
elect$ to ! ,arizona ,/ate ,s5ate & s]v$
 #b consecutive t]ms4 ,9 #aigb1 %e 0    
select$ z ,majority ,lead] ( ! ,arizona 
,/ate ,s5ate1 ! fir/ "t a woman held su*
 a position 9 any ,/ate4  7#h7 ,9 #aigd1
 ,o',connor ran = (fice z a trial c\rt  
judge4 ,%e won & 0 lat] appo9t$ to !    
,arizona ,c\rt ( ,appeals 9 #aigi4  7#i7
 ,on ,augu/ #ai1 #aiha1 ,presid5t       
,ronald ,reagan nom9at$ ,o',connor to be
 an ,associate ,ju/ice ( ! ,supreme     
,c\rt1 to fill ! seat vacat$ by         

,associate ,ju/ice ,pott] ,/ew>t4 ,on   
,septemb] #ba1 #aiha1 ! ,s5ate confirm$ 
,o',connor's nom9ation by a unanim\s    
vote1 mak+ h] ! fir/ woman to s]ve on ! 
,supreme ,c\rt4  7#aj7 ,o',connor       
e/abli%$ h]self z a pragmatic1 indep5d5t
 voice on ! ,supreme ,c\rt1 ca/+        
decisive votes dur+ a "t :5 ! ,c\rt 0   
be+ ask$ to resolve politically *>g$    
issues4  7#aa7 ,9 ! #aihb case (        
,mississippi ,univ]sity = ,wom5 v4      
,hogan1 ,o',connor wrote ! majority     
op9ion hold+ t ! ,/ate c\ld n prev5t m5 
f enroll+ 9 an all-wom5's nurs+ s*ool1  
writ+ t laws discrim9at+ on ! basis (   
sex w\ld be all[$ only if !re 0 an      
exce$+ly p]suasive ju/ification = !m4   
7#ab7 ,o',connor s\ght1 :5 possible1 to 
f9d ! middle gr\nd betwe5 h] (t5-divid$ 
colleagues1 frequ5tly jo9+ ! majority   
decision b pres5t+ h] views 9 concurr+  
op9ions t es*ew$ broad con/itutional    
doctr9e 9 favor ( resolv+ ! cases be=e !
 ,c\rt4  7#ac7 ,o',connor put a v public
 face on ! role ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt1     

dome/ically & ar\nd ! _w4 ,%e became !  
,c\rt's mo/ prolific public speak]1     
travel+ to all #ej ,/ates & to c\ntless 
law s*ools1 libr>ies1 & public ev5ts to 
describe h[ ! ,c\rt works & its role 9  
our con/itutional =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,%e    
travel$ worldwide z an ambassador = !   
,rule ( ,law & ! indep5d5ce ( judici>ies
 ev]y:]e4  7#ad7 ,aft] #bd ye>s on !    
,supreme ,c\rt1 ,o',connor ann\nc$ h]   
retirem5t to c>e = h] ail+ husb&1 :o _h 
,alzheim]'s disease4 ,presid5t ,george  
,w4 ,bu% nom9at$ ,john ,rob]ts1 ,jr41 = 
! vacancy1 b be=e ,rob]ts 0 confirm$1   
,*ief ,ju/ice ,rehnqui/ pass$ away1     
creat+ a second vacancy4 ,presid5t ,bu% 
p]sonally appeal$ to ,o',connor to rema9
 on ! ,c\rt s he c\ld nom9ate ,rob]ts = 
! ,*ief ,ju/ice vacancy & h m "t to make
 a second nom9ation to ! ,c\rt4 ,9 yet  
ano!r act ( public s]vice1 ,o',connor   
agre$ to s]ve until ,samuel ,alito 0    
confirm$ to fill h] seat on ,janu>y #ca1
 #bjjf4  7#ae7 ,o',connor began h]      
retirem5t ) #b goals4 ,"o 0 to conv9ce m

 ,/ates to adopt m]it selection ( judges
 = fill+ vacancies 9 ,/ate c\rts4 ,!    
second 0 to educate ! public on !       
importance ( an indep5d5t judici>y4 ,h] 
judicial indep5d5ce "w l$ to h] aw>5ess 
( a national civics education deficit4  
7#af7 ,9 #bjji1 ,o',connor creat$       
i,civics4org to educate "y ,am]icans    
ab\t civics & :at x means to be a       
citiz54 ,t endeavor grew to become !    
l>ge/ civics education plat=m 9 !       
c\ntry1 ) ov] #g1jjj1jjj /ud5ts annually
 enroll+ 9 ! programs4 ,its popul>ity 0 
due to a captivat+ onl9e1 int]active    
gam+ approa*4 ,! program 0 free to all &
 _h no adv]tis+4 i,civics play$ a       
crucial role 9 ,educat+ = ,am]ican      
,democracy1 a f$]ally fund$ initiative  
to improve civics & hi/ory education1   
:i* releas$ its reports 9 ,m>* #bjba4   
7b7 ,ru? ,bad] ,g9sburg ,congress f9ds !
 foll[+3 7#a7 ,ru? ,bad] ,g9sburg 0 born
 9 #aicc 9 ,brooklyn1 ,new ,york1 & grew
 up 9 a l[-income1 work+-class          
neighborhood4  7#b7 ,g9sburg graduat$ f 

,cornell ,univ]sity 9 #aied1 f9i%+ fir/ 
9 h] class4 ,foll[+ h] graduation1      
,g9sburg enroll$ at ,h>v>d ,law ,s*ool 9
 #aief1 ent]+ into a class ( #eeb m5 &  
only #h o!r wom54  7#c7 ,z a law /ud5t1 
,g9sburg became ! fir/ female memb] ( ! 
,h>v>d ,law ,review1 a pre/igi\s legal  
j\rnal4 ,%e also c>$ = h] husb&1 ,m>t9  
,g9sburg1 :o _h be5 diagnos$ ) canc]1 & 
_! "y daught]4 ,g9sburg f9i%$ h] legal  
education at ,columbia ,law ,s*ool1 :]e 
%e graduat$ fir/ 9 h] class 9 #aiei4    
7#d7 ,g9sburg taught at ,rutg]s         
,univ]sity ,law ,s*ool f #aifc to #aigb 
& at ,columbia ,law ,s*ool f #aigb to   
#aihj1 :]e %e became ! s*ool's fir/     
female t5ur$ pr(essor4  7#e7 ,dur+ !    
#aigjs1 ,g9sburg s]v$ z ! director ( !  
,wom5's ,rights ,project ( ! ,am]ican   
,civil ,lib]ties ,union4 ,9 ?is         
position1 %e l$ ! fight aga9/ g5d]      
discrim9ation & successfully argu$ #f   
l&m>k cases be=e ! ,supreme ,c\rt4  7#f7
 ,g9sburg won #e cases on g5d]          
discrim9ation be=e ! ,supreme ,c\rt1    

includ+ ! case ,we9b]g] v4 ,wies5feld1  
:i* involv$ a portion ( ! ,social       
,security ,act t favor$ wom5 ov] m51    
because ! ,act grant$ c]ta9 b5efits to  
wid[s1 b n wid[]s4  7#g7 ,9 #aihj1      
,presid5t ,jimmy ,c>t] nom9at$ ,g9sburg 
to a seat on ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt (    
,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia       
,circuit4  7#h7 ,on ,june #bb1 #aiic1   
,presid5t ,bill ,cl9ton nom9at$ ,g9sburg
 to be an ,associate ,ju/ice ( !        
,supreme ,c\rt1 to fill ! seat vacat$ by
 ,associate ,ju/ice ,byron ,:ite4 ,on   
,augu/ #c1 #aiic1 ! ,s5ate confirm$     
,g9sburg's nom9ation to ! ,supreme ,c\rt
 by a #if to #c vote4  7#i7 ,g9sburg    
became ! second female ju/ice to s]ve on
 ! ,supreme ,c\rt1 z well z ! fir/      
,jewi% female ju/ice to s]ve on !       
,supreme ,c\rt4  7#aj7 ,z a ju/ice1     
,g9sburg pres5t$ a /rong voice 9 favor (
 g5d] equality1 vot+ rights1 ! rights ( 
work]s1 & ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate4    
7#aa7 ,9 #aiif1 ,g9sburg wrote !        
,supreme ,c\rt's l&m>k decision 9 ,unit$

 ,/ates v4 ,virg9ia1 :i* held t !       
,/ate-support$ ,virg9ia ,milit>y        
,in/itute c\ld n refuse to admit wom54  
7#ab7 ,g9sburg fam\sly diss5t$ 9        
,l$bett] v4 ,goodye> ,tire  ,rubb] ,co41
 :]e ! pla9tiff1 a female work] be+ paid
 significantly less ?an males ) h] same 
qualifications1 su$ "u title ,,vii ( !  
,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd 7#db        
,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;e et seq471 b 0 d5i$    
relief "u a /atute ( limitation issue4  
,g9sburg broke ) tradition & wrote a    
high colloquial v]sion ( h] diss5t to   
read f ! b5*4 ,9 h] diss5t1 %e also     
call$ = ,congress to undo ?is           
int]pretation ( ! law4  7#ac7 ,g9sburg's
 impactful diss5t 9 ,l$bett] v4 ,goodye>
 ,tire  ,rubb] ,co4 l$ to ! successful  
passage ( ! ,lilly ,l$bett] ,fair ,pay  
,act ( #bjji 7,public ,law #aaa-b2 #abc 
,/at4 #e71 :i* 0 ! fir/ piece (         
legislation sign$ by ,presid5t ,b>ack   
,obama4  7#ad7 ,until ! #bjah t]m1      
,g9sburg _h n miss$ a day ( oral        
argum5ts1 n ev5 :5 %e 0 und]go+         

*emo!rapy = pancreatic canc]1 aft]      
surg]y = colon canc]1 or ! day aft] h]  
husb& pass$ away 9 #bjaj4  7#ae7        
,g9sburg pass$ away on ,septemb] #ah1   
#bjbj4  #b4 ,/atues honor+ ,ju/ice ,s&ra
 ,day ,o',connor & ,ju/ice ,ru? ,bad]   
,g9sburg  7a7 ,obta9+ ( /atues  7#a7 ,9 
g5]al ,n lat] ?an #b ye>s aft] ! date ( 
! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 9 consultation ) 
! ,committee on ,h\se ,adm9i/ration ( ! 
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee  
on ,rules & ,adm9i/ration ( ! ,s5ate1 & 
"u su* t]ms & conditions z ! ,jo9t      
,committee ( ,congress on ! ,libr>y     
consid]s appropriate1 consi/5t )        
applicable law1 ! ,jo9t ,committee      
%all-- 7,a7 ent] into an agreem5t to    
obta9 a /atue honor+ ,associate ,ju/ice 
( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates    
,s&ra ,day ,o',connor2 &  7,b7 ent] into
 an agreem5t to obta9 a /atue honor+    
,associate ,ju/ice ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ru? ,bad] ,g9sburg4    
7#b7 ,consid]ation ,9 select+ "o or m   
arti/s to make ! /atues obta9$ "u       

p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,jo9t ,committee (     
,congress on ! ,libr>y %all make !      
ann\ncem5t available to1 & consid]1     
arti/s f a v>iety ( backgr\nds1 includ+ 
arti/s f und]repres5t$ demographic      
gr\ps4  7b7 ,in/allation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al 
,! ,ar*itect ( ! ,capitol1 "u !         
direction ( ! ,jo9t ,committee (        
,congress on ! ,libr>y1 %all p]man5tly  
in/all ea* /atue obta9$ "u subsection   
7a7 9 a prom95t location 9 ! ,capitol or
 on ! ,capitol ,gr\nds1 z describ$ 9    
section #eajb ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code4  7#b7 ,priority = location ,9   
det]m9+ ! location = ! p]man5t          
in/allation ( ea* /atue obta9$ "u       
subsection 7a71 ! ,jo9t ,committee (    
,congress on ! ,libr>y %all give        
priority to id5tify+ an appropriate     
location ne> ! ,old ,supreme ,c\rt      
,*amb] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,capitol4  7c7 
,fund+ ,am\nts available 9 ! ,capitol   
,pres]vation ,fund e/abli%$ "u section  
#hjc ( ! ,arizona-,idaho ,cons]vation   
,act ( #aihh 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #bjhc7 may be

 us$ by ! ,jo9t ,committee ( ,congress  
on ! ,libr>y = paym5ts = ! co/s ( creat+
 & in/all+ ! /atues obta9$ "u subsection
 7a71 )\t reg>d to subsections 7b7 & 7d7
 ( su* section1 provid$ t n m ?an       
#ejj1jjj ( su* am\nts may be us$ = ea*  
/atue obta9$ "u subsection 7a74