,,ii  #aag? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #caca  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,novemb] #b1 #bjba,mr4 
,hawley introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0  
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,=eign ,relations  ,a ,,bill  ,to       
accel]ate deploym5t by ,taiwan ( !      
asymmetric def5se capabilities requir$  
to det] or1 if necess>y1 defeat an      
invasion ( ,taiwan by ! ,p's ,republic (
 ,*9a1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort     
title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,arm    
,taiwan ,act ( #bjba4  #b4 ,f9d+s2 s5se 
( ,congress  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress makes 
! foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,! ,dep>tm5t (     
,def5se has w>n$ t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's 
,republic ( ,*9a may conclude t x c     
successfully invade & seize control (   
,taiwan 9 ! latt] half ( ! #bjbjs4  7#b7
 ,9 ,octob] #bjba1 ! ,m9i/] ( ,national 
,def5se ( ,taiwan1 ,*iu ,kuo-*5g1 e*o$  
^! w>n+s :5 he /at$ t ! ,p's ,republic (
 ,*9a-- 7,a7 is capable n[ ( invad+     
,taiwan2 &  7,b7 w h l[]$ ! co/s &      
losses associat$ ) invad+ ,taiwan to a  

m9imum aft] #bjbe4  7#c7 ,if ! ,p's     
,republic ( ,*9a 7 to invade & seize    
control ( ,taiwan1 x w\ld deal a sev]e  
bl[ to ,unit$ ,/ates int]e/s by-- 7,a7  
de/roy+ "o ( ! _w's lead+ democracies2  
7,b7 ca/+ d\bt on ! ability & resolve ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates to uphold its security  
commitm5ts2  7,c7 inc5tiviz+ o!r        
c\ntries 9 ! ,indo-,pacific region to   
b&wagon ) ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a2 &    
7,d7 facilitat+ ! =mation ( a regional  
ord] dom9at$ by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 
9 :i* ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic (  
,*9a may-- 7i7 regulate or o!rwise limit
 ! ability ( individuals 9 ! ,unit$     
,/ates to trade 9 ! ,indo-,pacific      
region1 :i* w\ld h dire effects on !    
livelihoods & fre$oms ( su* individuals2
 &  7ii7 use ! ,indo-,pacific region z a
 secure base f :i* to project milit>y   
p[] into o!r regions1 includ+ ! ,we/]n  
,hemisph]e4  7#d7 ,taiwan's proximity to
 ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1 c\pl$ )       
inve/m5ts by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 9  
capabilities design$ to delay int]v5tion

 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 9       
support ( ,taiwan1 means t ,taiwan may  
be =c$ to delay1 degrade1 & d5y an      
invasion by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a )   
limit$ support f ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$  
,=ces = ! initial days1 weeks1 or mon?s 
( su* an invasion4  7#e7 ,if ,taiwan is 
unable to delay1 degrade1 & d5y an      
invasion by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a )   
limit$ support f ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$  
,=ces1 especially 9 ! initial p]iod (   
w>1 !n ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a may      
conclude t x is1 or may actually be1    
capable (-- 7,a7 invad+ & seiz+ control 
( ,taiwan be=e ! ,unit$ ,/ates or any   
o!r p>tn] c\ntry ( ,taiwan is able to   
respond effectively1 !reby a*iev+ a fait
 accompli2 &  7,b7 pot5tially r5d]+ any 
attempt by ! ,unit$ ,/ates or any o!r   
p>tn] c\ntry ( ,taiwan to rev]se        
t]ritorial ga9s by ! ,p's ,republic (   
,*9a prohibitively difficult1 co/ly1 or 
bo?4  7#f7 ,to def5d itself effectively1
 especially 9 ! initial p]iod ( w>1 x is
 imp]ative t ,taiwan accel]ate deploym5t

 ( co/-effective & resili5t asymmetric  
def5se capabilities1 includ+ mobile     
coa/al & air def5ses1 naval m9es1       
missile boats1 man-portable anti-armor  
weapons1 civil def5se =ces1 & _!        
enabl]s4  7#g7 ,! deploym5t ( su*       
asymmetric def5se capabilities by       
,taiwan w\ld n only improve ! ability ( 
,taiwan to def5d itself1 b also r$uce   
op]ational risk to memb]s ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces "u a ,taiwan         
cont+5cy4  7#h7 ,! ,presid5t ( ,taiwan1 
,tsai ,+-,w51 has-- 7,a7 v[$ to bol/] ! 
national def5se ( ,taiwan & demon/rate  
,taiwan's det]m9ation to def5d itself s 
z to ensure t ,taiwan w n be =c$ to take
 ! pa? t ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a has    
laid out = ,taiwan2 &  7,b7 advocat$ !  
deploym5t ( asymmetric def5se           
capabilities4  7#i7 ,! ,gov]nm5t (      
,taiwan has begun tak+ /eps to improve  
,taiwan's def5ses1 includ+ by increas+  
,taiwan's def5se budget & ?r\gh         
,taiwan's new propos$ special def5se    
budget1 b f> m is ne$$1 & quickly1 to   

ensure t ,taiwan is able to ma9ta9 a    
suffici5t self-def5se capability4  7b7  
,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se (        
,congress t-- 7#a7 ! ?reat ( an invasion
 ( ,taiwan by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a is
 increas+ rapidly & expect$ to rea*     
especially dang]\s levels by ! latt]    
half ( ! #bjbjs2  7#b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
has a /rong int]e/ 9 prev5t+ ! ,p's     
,republic ( ,*9a f invad+ & seiz+       
control ( ,taiwan1 especially by ensur+ 
t ,taiwan is able to ma9ta9 a suffici5t 
self-def5se capability2  7#c7 ! ,unit$  
,/ates %\ld e/abli% a security assi/ance
 initiative s z to accel]ate1 to !      
greate/ ext5t possible1 ,taiwan's       
deploym5t ( co/-effective & resili5t    
asymmetric def5se capabilities2  7#d7 ! 
,unit$ ,/ates %\ld provide su* assi/ance
 on ! condition t ,taiwan-- 7,a7 mat*es 
inve/m5ts by ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 its      
asymmetric def5se capabilities2  7,b7   
increases its def5se sp5d+ to a level   
comm5surate ) ! ?reat x faces2  7,c7    
prioritizes acquir+ co/-effective &     

resili5t asymmetric def5se capabilities 
z rapidly z possible1 includ+ f =eign   
suppli]s1 if necess>y2 &  7,d7          
demon/rates progress on def5se re=ms    
requir$ to maximize ! effectiv5ess ( its
 asymmetric def5ses1 ) special reg>d to 
,taiwan's res]ve =ces2 &  7#e7 9 ! c\rse
 ( execut+ su* a security assi/ance     
initiative1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld-- 7,a7 
seek to co-produce or co-develop        
co/-effective & resili5t asymmetric     
def5se capabilities ) suppli]s 9        
,taiwan1 includ+ by provid+ inc5tives to
 t effect1 s long z ^? suppli]s c       
produce su* capabilities at a reasonable
 co/1 9 ! quantities requir$1 z rapidly1
 & to ! same quality & te*nical /&>ds z 
suppli]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or o!r       
c\ntries2 &  7,b7 enc\rage o!r c\ntries1
 p>ticul>ly ,unit$ ,/ates allies &      
p>tn]s1 to sell1 lease1 or o!rwise      
provide appropriate asymmetric def5se   
capabilities to ,taiwan s z to          
facilitate ,taiwan's rapid deploym5t ( !
 asymmetric def5se capabilities requir$ 

to det] or1 if necess>y1 defeat an      
invasion by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a4    
#c4 ,taiwan ,security ,assi/ance        
,initiative  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y (
 ,def5se %all e/abli% an initiative1 to 
be kn[n z ! ,taiwan ,security ,assi/ance
 ,initiative 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is ,act z !  
,initiative71 to accel]ate ,taiwan's    
deploym5t ( asymmetric def5se           
capabilities requir$ to det] or1 if     
necess>y1 defeat an invasion by ! ,p's  
,republic ( ,*9a4  7b7 ,au?orization (  
appropriations ,!re is au?oriz$ to be   
appropriat$ #c1jjj1jjj1jjj = ! ,dep>tm5t
 ( ,def5se = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbc    
?r\gh #bjbg to provide assi/ance to !   
,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan "u ?is section4  7c7
 ,au?ority ,to provide assi/ance  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 9      
coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 %all 
use ! funds au?oriz$ to be appropriat$  
"u subsection 7b7 to provide assi/ance  
to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan = ! purpose    
describ$ 9 subsection 7d74  7d7 ,purpose
 ,! purpose ( ! ,initiative is to       

provide assi/ance1 includ+ equipm5t1    
tra9+1 & o!r support1 to ! ,gov]nm5t (  
,taiwan s z to accel]ate ,taiwan's      
deploym5t ( asymmetric def5se           
capabilities requir$ to a*ieve1 ) limit$
 support f ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces =
 ! initial days1 weeks1 or mon?s aft] ! 
initiation ( an invasion by ! ,p's      
,republic ( ,*9a ( ,taiwan1 ! foll[+    
objectives3 7#a7 ,to delay1 degrade1 &  
d5y attempts by ,p's ,lib]ation ,army   
=ces to ent] or transit ! ,taiwan ,/rait
 & adjo9+ seas4  7#b7 ,to delay1        
degrade1 & d5y attempts by ,p's         
,lib]ation ,army =ces to secure a       
lodgm5t on ,taiwan & exp& or o!rwise use
 t lodgm5t to seize control ( a         
population c5t] or o!r key t]ritory 9   
,taiwan4  7#c7 ,to prev5t ! ,p's        
,republic ( ,*9a f decapitat+1 seiz+    
control (1 or o!rwise neutraliz+ or     
r5d]+ ineffective ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan4
  7e7 ,asymmetric def5se capabilities ,9
 ?is section1 ! t]m asymmetric def5se   
capabilities includes1 9 su* quantities 

z ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se det]m9es to be  
necess>y to a*ieve ! purpose specifi$ 9 
subsection 7d71 ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,mobile1 
gr\nd-bas$ coa/al def5se cruise missiles
 & laun*]s4  7#b7 ,mobile1 gr\nd-bas$   
%ort-range & m$ium-range air def5se     
sy/ems4  7#c7 ,sm>t1 self-propell$ naval
 m9es & coa/al m9elay+ plat=ms4  7#d7   
,missile boats & fa/-attack craft       
equipp$ ) anti-%ip & anti-l&+ craft     
missiles4  7#e7 ,unmann$ a]ial & o!r    
mobile1 resili5t surveillance sy/ems to 
support coa/al & air def5se op]ations4  
7#f7 ,equipm5t to support t>get         
location1 track+1 id5tification1 &      
t>get+1 especially at ! local level1 9  
communications degrad$ or d5i$          
environm5ts4  7#g7 ,man-portable        
anti-armor weapons1 mort>s1 & small arms
 = gr\nd combat op]ations4  7#h7        
,equipm5t & te*nical assi/ance = !      
purpose ( develop+ civil def5se =ces1   
compos$ ( civilian volunte]s & militia4 
7#i7 ,tra9+ & equipm5t1 includ+         
appropriate w> res]ves1 requir$ =       

,taiwan =ces to indep5d5tly ma9ta91     
su/a91 & employ capabilities describ$ 9 
p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#h74  7#aj7       
,concept developm5t = coa/al def5se1 air
 def5se1 dec5traliz$ comm& & control1   
civil def5se1 logi/ics1 plann+1 & o!r   
critical milit>y functions1 ) an        
emphasis on op]ations 9 a communications
 degrad$ or d5i$ environm5t4  7#aa7 ,any
 o!r capability ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se   
consid]s appropriate = ! purpose        
describ$ 9 subsection 7d74  7f7         
,availability ( funds  7#a7 ,plan ,n    
lat] ?an ,decemb] #a1 #bjbb1 & annually 
!reaft]1 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 9       
coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 %all 
submit to ! appropriate committees (    
,congress a plan = us+ funds au?oriz$ to
 be appropriat$ "u subsection 7b7 = !   
purpose specifi$ 9 subsection 7d74  7#b7
 ,initial c]tification ,am\nts au?oriz$ 
to be appropriat$ "u subsection 7b7 =   
fiscal ye> #bjbc may n be obligat$ or   
exp5d$ until ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y (
 ,def5se1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y ( 

,/ate1 c]tifies t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan 
has committ$-- 7,a7 to sp5d+ an         
equival5t am\nt on asymmetric def5se    
capabilities 9 fiscal ye> #bjbc2  7,b7  
to sp5d+ n less ?an ?ree p]c5t (        
,taiwan's national gross dome/ic product
 on def5se on an annual basis by ! end (
 fiscal ye> #bjbg1 includ+ exp5ditures  
"u ! normal def5se budget & any         
supplem5tal or special def5se budgets ( 
,taiwan2  7,c7 to acquir+ asymmetric    
def5se capabilities z rapidly z         
possible1 includ+ f suppli]s 9 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates or o!r c\ntries1 if ! ,secret>y (
 ,def5se det]m9es t su* suppli]s w be   
able to provide su* capabilities at a   
reasonable co/1 9 suffici5t quantities1 
( suffici5t quality & te*nical /&>ds1 & 
m rapidly ?an suppli]s 9 ,taiwan2 &     
7,d7 to und]tak+ ! def5se re=ms requir$ 
to maximize ! effectiv5ess ( an         
asymmetric def5se aga9/ an invasion by !
 ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1 includ+ by      
improv+ organization1 mobilization1 &   
tra9+ ( ! res]ve =ces & o!r milit>y     

p]sonnel ( ,taiwan4  7#c7 ,subsequ5t    
c]tifications ,am\nts au?oriz$ to be    
appropriat$ "u subsection 7b7 = ea* (   
fiscal ye>s #bjbd1 #bjbe1 #bjbf1 & #bjbg
 may n be obligat$ or exp5d$ until !    
date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 9    
coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1      
c]tifies t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan has    
committ$-- 7,a7 to sp5d+ an equival5t   
am\nt on asymmetric def5se capabilities 
9 ! applicable fiscal ye> & upheld its  
commitm5t to sp5d an equival5t am\nt z !
 ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! prec$+ fiscal ye> on 
asymmetric def5se capabilities to be    
deploy$ by ,taiwan2  7,b7 to sp5d+ n    
less ?an ?ree p]c5t ( ,taiwan's national
 gross dome/ic product on def5se on an  
annual basis by ! end ( fiscal ye>      
#bjbg1 includ+ exp5ditures "u ! normal  
def5se budget & any supplem5tal or      
special def5se budgets ( ,taiwan1 &     
demon/rat$ progress t[>d t sp5d+ t>get 9
 ! prec$+ fiscal ye>2  7,c7 to acquir+  
asymmetric def5se capabilities z rapidly
 z possible1 includ+ f suppli]s 9 !     

,unit$ ,/ates or o!r c\ntries1 if !     
,secret>y ( ,def5se det]m9es t su*      
suppli]s w be able to provide su*       
capabilities at reasonable co/1 9       
suffici5t quantities1 ( suffici5t       
quality & te*nical /&>ds1 & m rapidly   
?an suppli]s 9 ,taiwan1 & upheld its    
commitm5t to acquire asymmetric def5se  
capabilities z rapidly z possible 9 !   
prec$+ fiscal ye>2 &  7,d7 to und]tak+ !
 def5se re=ms requir$ to maximize !     
effectiv5ess ( an asymmetric def5se     
aga9/ an invasion by ! ,p's ,republic ( 
,*9a1 includ+ by improv+ ! organization1
 mobilization1 & tra9+ ( ! res]ve =ces &
 o!r milit>y p]sonnel ( ,taiwan1 &      
demon/rat$ progress on su* re=ms 9 !    
prec$+ fiscal ye>4  7#d7 ,notification  
to ,congress ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft]  
mak+ a c]tification "u p>agraph 7#b7 or 
7#c71 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se %all submit 
to ! appropriate committees ( ,congress 
a notice & explanation ( su*            
c]tification4  7#e7 ,rema9+ funds  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71  

am\nts appropriat$ = a fiscal ye>       
pursuant to ! au?orization (            
appropriations "u subsection 7b7 t are n
 obligat$ & exp5d$ dur+ t fiscal ye>    
%all be add$ to ! am\nt t may be us$ = !
 ,initiative 9 ! subsequ5t fiscal ye>4  
7,b7 ,rescission ,am\nts appropriat$    
pursuant to ! au?orization (            
appropriation "u subsection 7b7 t rema9 
unobligat$ by ! end ( fiscal ye> #bjbg  
%all be resc9d$ & deposit$ into ! g5]al 
fund ( ! ,treasury4  7g7 ,def5se        
articles & s]vices f ,unit$ ,/ates      
inv5tory & o!r s\rces  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 
addition to assi/ance provid$ pursuant  
to subsection 7c71 ! ,secret>y (        
,def5se1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y (  
,/ate1 may make available to ! ,gov]nm5t
 ( ,taiwan1 9 su* quantities z !        
,secret>y ( ,def5se consid]s appropriate
 = ! purpose describ$ 9 subsection 7d71 
! foll[+3 7,a7 ,weapons & o!r def5se    
articles f ! ,unit$ ,/ates inv5tory &   
o!r s\rces4  7,b7 ,excess def5se        
articles f ! ,unit$ ,/ates inv5tory4    

7,c7 ,def5se s]vices4  7#b7 ,replacem5t 
,am\nts = ! replacem5t ( any item       
provid$ to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan "u     
p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 may be made available
 f ! am\nt au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ "u
 subsection 7b74  7h7 ,t]m9ation (      
au?ority ,assi/ance may n be provid$ "u 
?is section aft] ,septemb] #cj1 #bjbg4  
#d4 ,limitation on conv5tional arms     
sales  7a7 ,s5se ( ,congress ,x is !    
s5se ( ,congress t-- 7#a7 hi/orically1 !
 ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan has prioritiz$ !   
acquisition ( conv5tional weapons t w\ld
 be ( limit$ utility 9 det]r+ or defeat+
 an invasion by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 
at ! exp5se ( ! timely acquisition (    
co/-effective & resili5t asymmetric     
def5se capabilities2  7#b7 ! ,unit$     
,/ates ,gov]nm5t has (t5 %>$            
responsibility = ! misguid$             
prioritization ( def5se acquisitions    
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 by approv+     
sales ( conv5tional weapons to ,taiwan1 
despite k t su* sales w\ld d little to  
enhance1 & may ev5 und]m9e1 ! ability ( 

,taiwan to det] or defeat an invasion by
 ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a2  7#c7 !       
misguid$ prioritization ( def5se        
acquisitions describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7   
has n only und]m9$ ! ability ( ,taiwan  
to det] or defeat an invasion by ! ,p's 
,republic ( ,*9a1 b has also plac$ at   
great] risk ( dea? or injury memb]s ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces :o may come "u
 attack or be ask$ to come to ! aid (   
,taiwan to repel su* an invasion2 &     
7#d7 any future sales1 leases1 or o!r   
provision ( conv5tional weaponry to     
,taiwan by ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld be      
condition$ on mean+ful progress by !    
,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan on ! acquisition (  
appropriate asymmetric def5se           
capabilities4  7b7 ,/atem5t ( policy ,= 
ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbc ?r\gh #bjbg1 !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t %all n sell1    
lease1 or o!rwise provide milit>y       
capabilities to ,taiwan o!r ?an         
asymmetric def5se capabilities describ$ 
9 subsection 7e7 ( section #c until !   
e>li] (-- 7#a7 ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y

 ( ,def5se has submitt$ a notification  
"u subsection 7f77#d7 ( t section = !   
fiscal ye> 9 :i* ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan  
has reque/$ ! sale1 lease1 or o!r       
provision ( milit>y capabilities o!r ?an
 su* asymmetric def5se capabilities2 or 
7#b7 ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se
 c]tifies to ! appropriate committees ( 
,congress t ! sale1 lease1 or o!r       
provision to ,taiwan ( milit>y          
capabilities o!r ?an su* asymmetric     
def5se capabilities-- 7,a7 is necess>y  
to enhance ! ability ( ,taiwan to det]  
or1 if necess>y1 defeat an invasion by !
 ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a2 or  7,b7 w n    
sl[1 delay1 limit1 or o!rwise detract f 
or und]m9e ! ability ( ,taiwan to deploy
 su* asymmetric def5se capabilities4    
#e4 ,def9ition ( appropriate committees 
( ,congress ,9 ?is ,act1 ! t]m          
appropriate committees ( ,congress      
means-- 7#a7 ! ,committee on ,arm$      
,s]vices & ! ,committee on ,=eign       
,relations ( ! ,s5ate2 &  7#b7 !        
,committee on ,arm$ ,s]vices & !        

,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se 
( ,repres5tatives4