,,ii #aag? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,s4 #bdjc ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,july #bj1 #bjba ,mr4 ,m>key 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,wyd51 & ,mr4 ,m]kley7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ,a ,,bill ,to assi/ ^? subject to politically motivat$ *>ges 9 ,turkey1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts 7a7 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,turkey ,human ,rights ,promotion ,act ( #bjba4 7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts4 ,sec4 #b4 ,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #c4 ,def9itions4 ,sec4 #d4 ,/atem5t ( policy4 ,sec4 #e4 ,s5se ( ,congress on press fre$om4 ,sec4 #f4 ,s5se ( ,congress on int]net fre$om4 ,sec4 #g4 ,s5se ( ,congress on protect+ lawy]s & promot+ fair trials4 ,sec4 #h4 ,s5se ( ,congress on acc\ntability = human rights violations4 ,sec4 #i4 ,political prison]s assi/ance4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates values its long/&+ alliance ) ! ,republic ( ,turkey & its fri5d%ip ) ! p ( ,turkey1 & seeks to promote _! democratic aspirations4 7#b7 ,actions tak5 by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey 9 ! aft]ma? ( ! attempt$ c\p ( ,july #bjaf h significantly exp&$ ! gov]nm5t's crackd[n on fre$oms ( expression1 peaceful assembly1 & association4 ,fre$om ,h\se assess$ ,turkey to be n free 9 its ,fre$om 9 ! ,_w #bjba report4 7#c7 ,s9ce ,july #bjaf1 ,turki% au?orities h deta9$ t5s ( ?\s&s ( p !y accus$ ( aid+ ! c\p attempt or support+ t]rorism1 sweep+ up j\rnali/s1 opposition politicians1 dissid5ts1 & o!rs4 ,! end ( ! /ate ( em]g5cy 9 #bjah has n l$ to an improvem5t 9 fundam5tal fre$oms 9 ,turkey z ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey has codifi$ sev]al provisions f ! /ate ( em]g5cy into law4 7#d7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey has us$ ! attempt$ c\p z ju/ification = a broad] crackd[n4 7#e7 ,! #bjbj ,c\ntry ,reports on ,human ,rights ,practices3 ,turkey /ates1 ,"u broad antit]ror legislation pass$ 9 #bjah ! gov]nm5t cont9u$ to re/rict fundam5tal fre$oms & compromis$ ! rule ( law4 ,s9ce ! #bjaf c\p attempt1 au?orities h dismiss$ or susp5d$ m ?an #fj1jjj police & milit>y p]sonnel & approximately #abe1jjj civil s]vants1 dismiss$ "o-?ird ( ! judici>y1 arre/$ or imprison$ m ?an #ij1jjj citiz5s1 & clos$ m ?an #a1ejj nongov]nm5tal organizations on t]rorism-relat$ gr\nds1 prim>ily = alleg$ ties to ! movem5t ( cl]ic ,fe?ullah ,gul51 :om ! gov]nm5t accus$ ( ma/]m9d+ ! c\p attempt & designat$ z ! lead] ( ! ,fe?ullah ,t]rori/ ,organization44 7#f7 ,a #bjbj ,reut]s inve/igative press report reveal$ t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey t]m9at$ #d1jjj judges & prosecutors s9ce #bjaf4 ,a #bjbj ,human ,rights ,wat* report highlight$ ! cont9u$ arbitr>y det5tion ( lawy]s1 :i* runs contr>y to ,turkey's obligations "u ! ,int]national ,cov5ant on ,civil & ,political ,rights1 ! ,conv5tion = ! ,protection ( ,human ,rights & ,fundam5tal ,fre$oms 7commonly kn[n z ! ,european ,conv5tion on ,human ,rights71 & o!r human rights obligations4 7#g7 ,turkey is ! _w's second wor/ jail] ( j\rnali/s1 accord+ to ! ,committee to ,protect ,j\rnali/s4 7#h7 ,presid5t ,recep ,tayyip ,erdoan began a crackd[n on j\rnalism ev5 be=e ! #bjaf c\p attempt1 :i* he !n int5sifi$4 ,! ,committee to ,protect ,j\rnali/s e/imat$ t ,turkey 0 hold+ at lea/ #cg j\rnali/s 9 jail at ! end ( #bjbj4 ,accord+ to a ,septemb] #ah1 #bjai jo9t /atem5t by civil society organizations1 at lea/ #ahj m$ia outlets h be5 =cibly clos$ s9ce ! c\p attempt ( :i* ,kurdi%-language & ,kurdi%-focus$ m$ia outlets are especially vuln]able4 7#i7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey has also t>get$ writ]s & academics4 ,( r\ghly #b1jjj academics :o sign$ a ,janu>y #bjaf petition call+ = a re/>t to peace negotiations betwe5 ! gov]nm5t & ! arm$ ,kurdi/an ,work]s' ,p>ty1 m ?an #gjj s*ol>s 7 crim9ally *>g$ ) support+ propag&a = a t]rori/ organization4 7#aj7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey cont9ues its unju/1 #c-ye> det5tion ( civil society lead] ,osman ,kavala4 ,9 #bjag1 ,turki% au?orities *>g$ ,kavala & #ae o!rs ) attempt+ to ov]?r[ ! gov]nm5t or to prev5t x f p]=m+ its duties bas$ on ill-f\nd$ accusations reg>d+ ! gr\p's role 9 ! #bjac prote/s4 ,9 ,decemb] #bjai1 ! ,european ,c\rt ( ,human ,rights 7,,e*r7 rul$ t ,kavala's det5tion took place 9 ! abs5ce ( suffici5t evid5ce t he _h committ$ an (f5se1 9 violation ( 8 "r to lib]ty & security "u ! ,european ,conv5tion on ,human ,rights4 ,turkey respond$ by acquitt+ ,kavala1 b imm$iately re>re/$ him "u new *>ges relat$ to ! #bjaf c\p attempt1 purport$ espionage1 & cont9ues to ignore ! b9d+ ,,e*r rul+4 7#aa7 ,9 #bjag1 ,turki% police arre/$ ,amne/y ,int]national ,turkey f\nd+ memb] ,tan] ,kili & its director1 ,idil ,es]1 *>g+ !m z support]s ( t]rorism4 ,9 ,july #bjbj1 a ,turki% c\rt unju/ly s5t5c$ ,kili to ov] #f ye>s 9 prison & ,es] to m ?an #b ye>s 9 prison4 7#ab7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey cont9ues its unju/ det5tion ( ,selhatt9 ,demirta1 a ,kurdi% politician deta9$ ) o!r memb]s ( ! ,p's ,democratic ,p>ty 9 #bjaf4 ,demirta 0 a memb] ( p>liam5t at ! "t ( 8 arre/ = alleg$ly c>ry+ out t]rori/ propag&a by speak+ out 9 support ( peace negotiations ) ! ,kurdi/an ,work]s' ,p>ty4 ,! ,european ,c\rt ( ,human ,rights rul$ 9 ,novemb] #bjah t 8 det5tion _h pursu$ ! pr$om9ant ult]ior purpose ( /ifl+ pluralism & limit+ fre$om ( political debate1 :i* 0 at ! v core ( ! concept ( a democratic society4 ,9 ,decemb] #bjbj1 ! ,,e*r rul$ t ,turkey mu/ imm$iately release ,demirta f prison1 :i* ,turkey cont9ues to ignore4 7#ac7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey has t>get$ lawy]s1 ) p>ticul> focus on crim9al def5se lawy]s1 prosecut+ !m = dis*>g+ _! pr(essional duties & associat+ !m1 )\t evid5ce1 ) ! alleg$ crimes ( _! cli5ts4 ,fair trial rights & protections = lawy]s h be5 re/rict$ j z !y are mo/ critically ne$$ giv5 mass det5tions & ! wid] crackd[n on diss5t4 ,police h also intimidat$ lawy]s & ob/ruct$ _! "w4 7#ad7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey heavily re/ricts & c5sors ! int]net4 ,9 #bjai1 ! gov]nm5t block$ m ?an #djh1jjj websites1 #dj1jjj tweets1 #aj1jjj ,you,tube videos1 & #f1bjj ,facebook %>es1 & block$ ,wikip$ia betwe5 #bjag & #bjbj4 ,9 e>ly #bjba1 ! gov]nm5t enact$ a new social m$ia law1 :i* ?reat5s social m$ia companies t d n obey reque/s to remove cont5t4 ,twitt]1 & its live video-/ream+ s]vices1 are curr5tly fac+ pressure 9 ! =m ( adv]tis+ bans by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey z a result ( _! unwill+ness to appo9t local repres5tatives to h&le gov]nm5t removal reque/s4 7#ae7 ,turkey ranks among ! c\ntries ) ! highe/ numb] ( cont5t removal reque/s s5t to ,twitt] & ,facebook1 accord+ to ! companies' transp>5cy reports4 7#af7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey has demon/rat$ a disreg>d = fundam5tal fre$oms beyond ,turkey's bord]s1 includ+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 #bjaf1 memb]s ( ,presid5t ,erdoan's security detail engag$ 9 viol5ce aga9/ j\rnali/s report+ on an ev5t at ! ,brook+s ,in/itution4 ,dur+ ,presid5t ,erdoan's ,may #bjag visit to ,wa%+ton1 ,,dc1 individuals f ! ,turki% ,embassy gr\nds pu%$ pa/ ,di/rict ( ,columbia police (fic]s to brutally attack individuals demon/rat+ peacefully 9 opposition to policies ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey4 7#ag7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey has abus$ int]national in/itutions to t>get critics1 trigg]+ a flood ( ,int]pol r$ notice reque/s to deta9 critics abroad1 accord+ to ,fre$om ,h\se4 ,t>gets include ,unit$ ,/ates p]man5t resid5t ,enes ,kant]1 a pr(essional basketball play]1 human rights activi/1 & vocal critic ( ,presid5t ,erdoan4 7#ah7 ,s9ce #bjad1 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey has pursu$ oppon5ts & critics 9 m ?an #cj c\ntries1 secur+ ! r5ditions ( at lea/ #eh p )\t due process 9 :at ,fre$om ,h\se has *>act]iz$ z a campaign ( transnational repression1 unrival$ by any o!r c\ntry4 ,9 a ,m>* #bjba report1 ! ,(fice ( ! ,high ,commission] = ,human ,rights /at$ t ! increase cases 9 arbitr>y det5tion may con/itute crimes aga9/ humanity4 7#ai7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey ?reat5s to escalate its t>get+ ( critics int]nationally1 consi/5t ) an ov]ly broad dome/ic c\nt]t]rorism campaign4 ,on ,octob] #cj1 #bjai1 ,presid5t ,erdoan /at$1 ,"s c\ntries elim9ate t]rori/s :om !y consid] z a ?reat to _! national security1 :]ev] !y are4 ,!re=e1 ?is means ^? c\ntries accept ,turkey has ! same "r4 ,?is includes ! t]rori/s !y %ake h&s ) & praise44 ,he add$ t he hop$ to deliv] good news on ! matt] soon4 #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,political prison] ,! t]m political prison] means a p]son :o has be5 depriv$ ( 8 or h] p]sonal lib]ty if-- 7,a7 ! det5tion has be5 impos$ 9 violation ( "o ( ! fundam5tal gu>antees set out 9 ! ,european ,conv5tion on ,human ,rights1 p>ticul>ly-- 7i7 fre$om ( ?\ght1 consci5ce1 & religion2 7ii7 fre$om ( expression & in=mation2 & 7iii7 fre$om ( assembly & association2 7,b7 ! det5tion has be5 impos$ = purely political reasons )\t connection to any (f5se2 7,c7 = political motives1 ! l5g? ( ! det5tion or its conditions are cle>ly out ( proportion to ! (f5se ( :i* ! p]son has be5 f\nd guilty or is suspect$2 7,d7 = political motives1 he or %e is deta9$ 9 a discrim9atory mann] z comp>$ to o!r p]sons2 or 7,e7 ! det5tion is ! result ( proce$+s :i* 7 cle>ly unfair & appe> to be connect$ ) political motives ( ! au?orities4 7#b7 ,prison] ( consci5ce ,! t]m prison] ( consci5ce means any p]son :o-- 7,a7 is imprison$ or o!rwise physically re/rict$ solely = ! peaceful ex]cise ( 8 or h] human rights2 & 7,b7 has n us$ viol5ce or advocat$ viol5ce or hatr$4 #d4 ,/atem5t ( policy ,x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 to support democracy1 peace1 & prosp]ity 9 ,turkey2 7#b7 to oppose ! abuse ( c\nt]t]rorism au?orities1 includ+ t>get+ j\rnali/s1 political oppon5ts1 dissid5ts1 m9orities 7includ+ ,kurds71 & o!rs engag$ 9 ex]cis+ _! "r to fre$oms ( expression1 peaceful assembly1 or association2 7#c7 to consid] ^? unfairly deta9$ or imprison$ "u c\nt]t]rorism au?orities on politically motivat$ gr\nds to be prison]s ( consci5ce or political prison]s1 z appropriate1 unless !re is probative evid5ce ( specific crim9al misconduct pres5t$ 9 proce$+s t comply ) int]national fair trial /&>ds2 7#d7 to use all diplomatic tools to advocate t all prison]s ( consci5ce & political prison]s 9 ,turkey %\ld be releas$2 7#e7 to support & pressure ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey 9 ! repeal or am5dm5t (-- 7,a7 all anti-t]rorism laws & regulations t all[ ! gov]nm5t to unju/ly t>get j\rnali/s1 political oppon5ts1 dissid5ts1 & m9orities2 7,b7 all laws & regulations t violate ! "r to fre$oms ( expression1 peaceful assembly1 or association 9 a mann] n p]mitt$ by int]national legal /&>ds1 includ+ laws & regulations t seek to puni% ^? :o insult political figures or d5igrate ! ,turki% nation or /ate in/itutions2 & 7,c7 all laws & regulations t violate ! "r to a fair trial2 & 7#f7 to oppose ! export to ,turkey by any c\ntry ( surveillance te*nologies1 includ+ s(tw>e1 t c\ld be us$ to monitor ! activities ( j\rnali/s1 political oppon5ts1 dissid5ts1 or m9orities4 #e4 ,s5se ( ,congress on press fre$om ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t-- 7#a7 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey mu/ take /eps to significantly improve ! dire climate = j\rnali/s & ^? support+ ! j\rnalism pr(ession1 includ+-- 7,a7 end+ ! en=cem5t ( draconian laws & regulations t re/rict fre$om ( expression2 & 7,b7 releas+ all j\rnali/s & m$ia work]s :o h be5 imprison$ = fulfill+ _! pr(essional responsibilities2 7#b7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate %\ld provide assi/ance & w>n+s ( imp5d+ politically motivat$ det5tion or h>m to j\rnali/s & m$ia work]s 9 dang] 9 ,turkey1 reg>dless ( citiz5%ip /atus1 includ+ j\rnali/s work+ = ,kurdi% m$ia organizations2 7#c7 ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t (ficials %\ld prioritize dem&s to release unfairly deta9$ j\rnali/s & m$ia work]s 9 _! communications ) ,turki% (ficials2 & 7#d7 press fre$om & ! fre$om ( expression are fundam5tal human rights & %\ld be upheld & protect$ 9 ,turkey & ev]y:]e4 #f4 ,s5se ( ,congress on int]net fre$om ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t-- 7#a7 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey mu/ cease its ongo+ crackd[n on free expression on ! int]net1 includ+ by repeal+ or am5d+ laws t all[ ! gov]nm5t to block a website or remove cont5t f ! website if !re is suffici5t suspicion t ! site is insult+ political figures2 7#b7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate %\ld support & pressure ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey-- 7,a7 to halt its frequ5t reque/s t social m$ia companies block acc\nts & cont5t ( j\rnali/s & m$ia outlets2 & 7,b7 to ensure t ! ,radio & ,television ,supreme ,c\ncil does n arbitr>ily re/rict onl9e /ream+ s]vices ?r\gh a co/ly & opaque lic5s+ regime2 & 7#c7 escalat+ controls regulat+ int]net use are an attempt by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey to sil5ce "o ( ! la/ plat=ms = indep5d5t j\rnalism 9 ! c\ntry4 #g4 ,s5se ( ,congress on protect+ lawy]s & promot+ fair trials ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t-- 7#a7 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey mu/-- 7,a7 halt its indiscrim9ate det5tion & prosecution ( lawy]s1 judges1 prosecutors1 & c\rt (ficials1 & its t>get+ ( lawy]s' associations2 7,b7 repeal laws re/rict+ ! "r ( lawy]s to dis*>ge _! pr(essional duties1 ! rights ( suspects to legal c\nsel1 & ! "r ( lawy]-cli5t privileg$ communication2 7,c7 ensure t lawy]s c visit deta9ees 9 police cu/ody1 & rem9d police & prosecutors ( ! protect$ role ( lawy]s "u ,article #ad ( ! ,int]national ,cov5ant on ,civil & ,political ,rights1 ,articles #e & #f ( ! ,european ,conv5tion on ,human ,rights1 & ! ,unit$ ,nations ,basic ,pr9ciples on ! ,role ( ,lawy]s2 & 7,d7 end ! practice ( prosecut+ lawy]s bas$ on :om !y h repres5t$ z cli5ts2 7#b7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate %\ld pressure ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey-- 7,a7 to aboli% ext5d$ pretrial det5tion1 consi/5t ) ,turkey's ,judicial ,re=m ,/rategy2 7,b7 to rev]se ! ,april #bjag am5dm5t to ,article #aei ( ! ,con/itution1 :i* all[s = political control ov] ! nom9ation proc$ures to ! ,c\ncil ( ,judges & ,prosecutors2 & 7,c7 to ensure ! indep5d5ce ( judges & ( ! judici>y sy/em1 ) p>ticul> focus on ! ,m9i/ry ( ,ju/ice2 & 7#c7 ! indep5d5ce ( any c\ntry's judicial sy/em suff]s :5 lawy]s-- 7,a7 are subject to intimidation & h>assm5t 9 _! "w2 & 7,b7 are id5tifi$ ) ! causes ( _! cli5ts4 #h4 ,s5se ( ,congress on acc\ntability = human rights violations ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t if ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey does n promptly take effective /eps to address ! human rights violations describ$ 9 ?is ,act-- 7#a7 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld impose sanctions pursuant to ! ,global ,magnitsky ,human ,rights ,acc\ntability ,act 7subtitle ,f ( title ,,xii ( ,public ,law #aad-cbh2 #bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bfef note7 ) respect to (ficials ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey f\nd responsible =-- 7,a7 ! det5tion ( prison]s ( consci5ce & political prison]s2 7,b7 ! politically motivat$ det5tion ( j\rnali/s2 7,c7 re/rict+ ( fre$om ( free expression ?r\gh social m$ia2 & 7,d7 o!r gross violations ( int]nationally recogniz$ human rights2 7#b7 ! ,presid5t %\ld confirm t ,unit$ ,/ates security assi/ance provid$ to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey is fully consi/5t ) ! conditions m&at$ 9 section #cf ( ! ,arms ,export ,control ,act 77#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bggf77 & ! human rights provisions conta9$ 9 section #fbj,m ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa1 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcgh;d72 7#c7 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %\ld in/ruct ! ,unit$ ,/ates executive director ( ea* int]national f9ancial in/itution to oppose any loan1 grant1 policy1 or /rategy det]m9$ to be directly enabl+ ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey to violate ! human rights ( its citiz5s2 & 7#d7 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %\ld impose visa re/rictions "u ! ann\nc$ ,kha%oggi ,ban1 pursuant to section #bab7;a77#c77;,c7 ( ! ,immigration & ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aahb7;a77#c77;,c77 on-- 7,a7 individuals :o1 act+ on behalf ( ! gov]nm5t1 are believ$ to h be5 directly engag$ 9 s]i\s1 extrat]ritorial c\nt]-dissid5t activities1 includ+ ^? :o-- 7i7 suppress1 h>ass1 surveil1 ?reat51 or h>m j\rnali/s1 activi/s1 or o!r p]sons p]ceiv$ to be dissid5ts = _! "w2 or 7ii7 engage 9 su* activities ) respect to ! families or o!r close associates ( su* p]sons2 & 7,b7 family memb]s ( individuals describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 z appropriate4 #i4 ,political prison]s assi/ance ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all provide assi/ance to civil society organizations 9 ,turkey t "w to secure ! release ( prison]s ( consci5ce & political prison]s 9 ,turkey1 & to curr5t & =m] prison]s ( consci5ce & political prison]s 9 ,turkey1 includ+-- 7#a7 support = ! docum5tation ( human rights violations ) respect to prison]s ( consci5ce & politically motivat$ prison]s2 7#b7 support = advocacy 9 ,turkey to raise aw>5ess ( issues relat+ to prison]s ( consci5ce & political prison]s2 7#c7 support = ef=ts to repeal or am5d laws or regulations t are us$ to imprison individuals z prison]s ( consci5ce or political prison]s2 7#d7 support1 includ+ travel co/s1 & legal fees1 = families ( prison]s ( consci5ce & political prison]s2 7#e7 support = heal?1 includ+ m5tal heal?1 & po/-inc>c]ation assi/ance 9 ga9+ access to education & employm5t opportunities or o!r =ms ( rep>ation to enable =m] prison]s ( consci5ce & political prison]s to resume a normal life2 & 7#f7 ! delegation ( specific ,unit$ ,/ates mission /aff :o w obs]ve trials 9 politically motivat$ cases1 includ+ 9 ,s\!a/ ,turkey4