,,ii  #aag? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #aibi  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,may #bg1 #bjba,mr4    
,murphy 7= himself & ,mr4 ,s&]s7        
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read     
twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on       
,heal?1 ,education1 ,labor1 & ,p5sions  
,a ,,bill  ,to e/abli% collective b>ga9+
 rights = college a?letes1 & = o!r      
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,college ,a?lete ,"r ,to   
,organize ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress   
f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! ,national ,labor 
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et  
seq47 seeks to rem$y ! inequality (     
b>ga9+ p[] betwe5 employees & employ]s  
prim>ily ?r\gh e/abli%+ & protect+ !    
rights ( employees to self-organize &   
designate repres5tatives ( _! own *oos+ 
= ! purpose ( negotiat+ ! t]ms &        
conditions ( _! employm5t or o!r mutual 
aid or protection4  7#b7 ,labor         
organizations (t5 orig9ate to rem$y     
unfair & exploitative labor practices by
 employ]s ?r\gh assi/+ employees 9      

secur+ m equitable t]ms & conditions (  
_! employm5t1 includ+ fair comp5sation &
 safe work+ conditions1 :i* individual  
employees w\ld be unlikely to negotiate 
successfully = on _! own4  7#c7 ,labor  
organizations s]ve unique & ess5tial    
purposes = pr(essional a?letes compet+ 9
 sports leagues1 :]e x is desirable to  
e/abli% uni=m rules & /&>ds across      
multiple employ]s4 ,^! rules & /&>ds be>
 significant consequ5ces to ! a?letes 9 
t]ms ( comp5sation1 heal? & safety1 & ! 
ability or lack !re( = a?letes to *oose 
_! employ]1 among o!r issues relat$ to !
 a?letes' well-be+4  7#d7 ,! =mation (  
labor organizations repres5t+ a?letes 9 
pr(essional sports leagues 9 ! ,unit$   
,/ates has help$ end exploitative       
practices by team own]s & managem5t1    
p>ticul>ly ?r\gh e/abli%+               
collective-b>ga9+ agreem5ts t h secur$  
a?letes a fair %>e ( ! rev5ues _! tal5t 
& labor produces1 z well z m equitable  
t]ms ( _! employm5t & protections = _!  
%ort- & long-t]m heal?4  7#e7 ,college  

a?letes face exploitative & unfair labor
 practices by ! ,national ,collegiate   
,a?letic ,association 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is  
section z ! ,,ncaa7 & its memb]         
in/itutions1 prim>ily ?r\gh ! d5ial ( ! 
basic economic & labor rights ( su*     
a?letes1 :i* ! ,,ncaa & its memb]       
in/itutions h ju/ifi$ by def9+ college  
a?letes z amateurs4  7#f7 ,! ,,ncaa &   
its memb] in/itutions h d5i$ college    
a?letes a fair wage = _! labor by       
collud+ to cap comp5sation2 !y ma9ta9   
/rict & exact+ control ov] ! t]ms &     
conditions ( college a?letes' labor2 &  
!y ex]cise ! ability to t]m9ate an      
a?lete's eligibility to compete if !    
a?lete violates ^! t]ms & conditions4   
7#g7 ,college a?letes exhibit ! m>k]s ( 
employm5t z e/abli%$ "u ! common law    
def9ition ( ! t]m employee3 ,!y p]=m a  
valuable s]vice = _! respective colleges
 "u a contract = hire 9 ! =m (          
grant-9-aid agreem5ts2 ^! agreem5ts     
ass]t significant control ov] h[ a?letes
 p]=m _! "w & ! conditions "u :i* !y "w2

 & !y receive comp5sation 9 ! =m (      
grant-9-aid & /ip5ds 9 ex*ange = _!     
a?letic s]vices4  7#h7 ,to e/abli% m    
equitable t]ms & conditions = college   
a?letes' labor1 college a?letes ne$     
repres5tation ( _! own *oos+ to         
negotiate collective-b>ga9+ agreem5ts ) 
_! respective colleges & ! a?letic      
conf]5ces t help set rules & /&>ds      
across an entire league4  7#i7 ,to      
organize effectively1 college a?letes   
mu/ be able to =m collective b>ga9+     
units across in/itutions ( high]        
education t compete aga9/ ea* o!r1      
includ+ )9 a?letic conf]5ces2 &1        
accord+ly1 to e/abli% effective         
collective b>ga9+ rights = college      
a?letes "u ?is ,act1 ! ,national ,labor 
,relations ,act mu/ be am5d$ to cov] bo?
 private & public in/itutions ( high]   
education to ! ext5t t college a?letes  
att5d+ su* in/itutions fall )9 !        
def9ition ( employee "u t ,act1 z am5d$ 
by ?is ,act4  7#aj7 ,! ,con/itution ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ve/s ,congress ) ! p[] to 

regulate comm]ce betwe5 ! ,/ates1 &     
int]collegiate sports1 :i* are ma9ta9$  
by a?letic associations t ho/           
competitions betwe5 colleges across     
,/ates1 involves int]/ate comm]ce t     
g5]ates annual rev5ue ( m ?an           
#ae1jjj1jjj1jjj4  7#aa7 ,int]collegiate 
sports' significant engagem5t 9 int]/ate
 comm]ce ju/ifies application ( !       
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 to regulate !   
labor m>ket )9 :i* public & private     
in/itutions ( high] education compete & 
set rules p]ta9+ to ! wages & work+     
conditions ( college a?letes4  #c4      
,collective b>ga9+ rights ( college     
a?letes  7a7 ,def9itions ,section #b ( !
 ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi  
,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9       
p>agraph 7#b71 by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3 ,not)/&+ ! previ\s s5t5ce1 ! t]m
 employ] includes a public in/itution ( 
high] education ) respect to ! employm5t
 ( college a?lete employees ( !         
in/itution42  7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 by  

add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 8,any individual
 :o p>ticipates 9 an int]collegiate     
sport = an in/itution ( high] education1
 & is a /ud5t enroll$ 9 ! in/itution (  
high] education1 %all be consid]$ an    
employee ( ! in/itution ( high]         
education if--  7,a7 ! individual       
receives any =m ( direct comp5sation1   
includ+ grant-9-aid1 f ! in/itution (   
high] education2 &  7,b7 any t]ms or    
conditions ( su* comp5sation require    
p>ticipation 9 an int]collegiate sport4 
2 &  7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3    
7#ae7 ,! t]m grant-9-aid means a        
s*ol>%ip1 grant1 or o!r =m ( f9ancial   
assi/ance t is provid$ by an in/itution 
( high] education to an individual = !  
individual's und]graduate or graduate   
c\rse ( /udy4  7#af7 ,! t]m in/itution (
 high] education has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 
9 section #ajb ( ! ,high] ,education    
,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajjb74     
7#ag7 ,! t]m int]collegiate a?letic     
conf]5ce-- 7,a7 means any conf]5ce1 or  
o!r gr\p or organization1 ( in/itutions 

( high] education t-- 7i7 ex]cises      
au?ority ov] int]collegiate sports at   
su* in/itutions ( high] education2 &    
7ii7 is engag$ 9 comm]ce or an indu/ry  
or activity affect+ comm]ce2 &  7,b7    
not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 does n include
 ! ,national ,collegiate ,a?letic       
,association4  7#ah7 ,! t]m college     
a?lete employee means an individual     
describ$ 9 ! second s5t5ce ( p>agraph   
7#c74  4  7b7 ,multiemploy] b>ga9+ unit 
,section #i7;b7 ( ! ,national ,labor    
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aei7;b77
 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end &   
ins]t+ ! foll[+3 3 ,provid$1 ,t1 = !    
purpose ( e/abli%+ an appropriate b>ga9+
 unit = college a?lete employees at     
in/itutions ( high] education 9 an      
int]collegiate a?letic conf]5ce1 ! ,bo>d
 %all recognize multiple in/itutions (  
high] education )9 an int]collegiate    
a?letic conf]5ce z a multiemploy] b>ga9+
 unit1 b only if cons5t$ to by !        
employee repres5tatives = !             
int]collegiate sports b>ga9+ units at ! 

in/itutions ( high] education t w be    
includ$ 9 ! multiemploy] b>ga9+ unit44  
7c7 ,jurisdiction relat$ to             
int]collegiate sports ,section          
#ad7;c77#a7 ( ! ,national ,labor        
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4          
#afd7;c77#a77 is am5d$ by /rik+         
,provid$1 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 ,provid$1  
,t ! ,bo>d %all ex]cise jurisdiction ov]
 in/itutions ( high] education & college
 a?lete employees ( su* in/itutions 9   
relation to all collective b>ga9+ matt]s
 "u ?is ,act p]ta9+ to su* employees1   
includ+ any repres5tation matt]1 su* z  
recogniz+ or e/abli%+ a b>ga9+ unit =   
su* employees & any labor dispute       
involv+ su* in/itutions & employees3    
,provid$ fur!r14  7d7 ,prohibition on   
waiv] ,an individual may n ent] into any
 agreem5t 7includ+ a grant-9-aid        
agreem5t1 z def9$ 9 section #c7ae7 ( !  
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7ae77 or legal settlem5t t
 waives or p]mits noncompliance ) ?is   
,act or ! am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act4    

#d4 ,treatm5t ( direct comp5sation = tax
 purposes & eligibility = ,f$]al        
f9ancial assi/ance ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act1 or 
an am5dm5t made by ?is ,act1 %all-- 7#a7
 cause any type ( direct comp5sation    
describ$ 9 section #b7c7 ( ! ,national  
,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4   
#aeb7c77 t 0 n previ\sly treat$ z income
 = :i* a tax may be impos$ "u ! ,int]nal
 ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf to become a type 
( direct comp5sation = :i* su* a tax may
 be impos$2  7#b7 cause any individual  
to be treat$ z an employee1 or cause any
 am\nts receiv$ by an individual to be  
treat$ z wages1 = purposes ( any        
provision 9 ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code (  
#aihf relat+ to employm5t taxes or !    
)hold+ ( taxes by an employ] if su*     
individual or am\nts w\ld n o!rwise be s
 treat$2  7#c7 affect ! treatm5t (      
qualifi$ s*ol>%ips "u section #aag ( !  
,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf2 or  7#d7
 o!rwise affect ! treatm5t ( any direct 
comp5sation describ$ 9 su* section #b7c7
 9 det]m9+ income1 includ+ gross income 

or adju/$ gross income1 = purposes (--  
7,a7 ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1  
includ+ any report+ requirem5ts "u su*  
,code2 or  7,b7 det]m9+ eligibility =   
any =m ( ,f$]al f9ancial assi/ance1     
includ+ assi/ance "u subp>t #a ( "p ,a (
 title ,,iv ( ! ,high] ,education ,act (
 #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajgj;a et seq474 
#e4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is
 ,act1 an am5dm5t made by ?is ,act1 or !
 application ( su* provision or am5dm5t 
to any p]son or circum/ance is held to  
be uncon/itutional1 ! rema9d] ( ?is ,act
 & ! am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act1 & !     
application ( ! provision or am5dm5t to 
any o!r p]son or circum/ance1 %all n be 
affect$4