,i #aag? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #igjj ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,decemb] #cj1 #bjbb,mr4 ,*abot introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ,a ,,bill ,to cl>ify ! legal basis = ! position ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan & di/+ui% su* position f ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a's "o ,*9a pr9ciple1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,taiwan ,/atus ,diplomacy ,act4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,taiwan's indig5\s peoples h inhabit$ ! isl& = ov] #f1jjj ye>s1 ) v>i\s political entities ex]cis+ control ov] p>ts ( x until colonial p[]s conqu]$ increas+ly l>ge swa?s ( ! isl& by =ce1 beg9n+ 9 ! #ag? c5tury4 7#b7 ,dut* ,=mosa 7#afcf-affb7 9 s\!rn ,taiwan & ,spani% ,=mosa 7#afbf-afdb7 9 nor!rn ,taiwan 7 ! fir/ colonial endeavors t ex]cis$ control ov] "s p>ts ( ! isl&4 7#c7 ,9 #affb1 ,m+ loyali/ g5]al ,zh5g ,*5ggong 7,kox+a7 end$ ,dut* control 9 ,taiwan1 & 8 indep5d5t ,k+dom ( ,tungn+ rul$ p>ts ( ! isl& until x 0 conqu]$ by ! ,man*u ,q+ ,empire 9 #afhc4 7#d7 ,q+ rule 9 we/]n ,taiwan 0 und5iably colonial & ,taiwan 0 n consid]$ a traditional prov9ce ( ,*9a1 becom+ a prov9ce ( ! ,q+ ,empire = m]ely #aj ye>s beg9n+ 9 #ahhe1 & la/+ until #ahie4 7#e7 ,on ,april #ag1 #ahie1 ! ,man*u ,q+ ,empire sign$ ! ,treaty ( ,%imonoseki ) ! ,japanese ,empire & agree to c$e to ,japan 9 p]petuity & full sov]eignty ''' ! isl& ( ,=mosa1 toge!r ) all isl&s app]ta9+ or belong+ to ! said isl& ( ,=mosa ''' & ! ,pescadores ,gr\p4 7#f7 ,no colonial p[] c claim hi/orical rights to sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan z sev]al colonial p[]s h successively adm9i/]$ ! isl& f ! #ag? ?r\gh ! #bj? c5tury4 7#g7 ,dur+ ! #aibjs & #aicjs1 ,*9ese geograph]s & political figures g5]ally consid]$ ,taiwan to be outside ( ,*9a's national t]ritory1 z is evid5c$ by ! ,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty's decl>ation ( w> aga9/ ,japan 9 ,decemb] #aida1 :i* li/$ ! p ( ,taiwan sep>ately f ! ,*9ese4 7#h7 ,on ,july #af1 #aicf1 9 an int]view ) ,am]ican j\rnali/ ,edg> ,sn[1 ,mao ,z$ong /at$1 x is ! imm$iate task ( ,*9a to rega9 all our lo/ t]ritories1 n m]ely to def5d our sov]eignty bel[ ! ,great ,wall4 ,?is means t ,man*uria mu/ be rega9$4 ,we d n1 h[ev]1 include ,korea1 =m]ly a ,*9ese colony1 b :5 we h re-e/abli%$ ! indep5d5ce ( ! lo/ t]ritories ( ,*9a1 & if ! ,koreans wi% to break away f ! *a9s ( ,japanese imp]ialism1 we w ext5d !m our en?usia/ic help 9 _! /ruggle = indep5d5ce4 ,! same ?+ applies to ,=mosa4 7#i7 ,! ,cairo & ,potsdam ,decl>ations are legally nonb9d+ /atem5ts ( int5t reg>d+ po/w> control ov] ,taiwan by ! ,republic ( ,*9a 7,,roc71 t d n make any transf] ( sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan4 7#aj7 ,on ,augu/ #ag1 #aide1 ,supreme ,comm&] = ! ,alli$ ,p[]s1 ,g5]al ,d\glas ,mac,arthur1 issu$ ,g5]al ,ord] ,no4 #a1 li/+ ! isl& ( ,=mosa z a sep>ate entity f ,*9a4 7#aa7 ,on ,june #bg1 #aiej1 ,presid5t ,h>ry ,truman decl>$ t ! occupation ( ,=mosa by ,communi/ =ces w\ld be a direct ?reat to ! security ( ! ,pacific area & to ,unit$ ,/ates =ces p]=m+ _! lawful & necess>y functions 9 t area & add$1 ! det]m9ation ( ! future /atus ( ,=mosa mu/ await ! re/oration ( security 9 ! ,pacific1 a peace settlem5t ) ,japan1 or consid]ation by ! ,unit$ ,nations4 7#ab7 ,! ,treaty ( ,peace ) ,japan done 9 ,san ,francisco1 ,cali=nia1 on ,septemb] #h1 #aiea1 & sign$ by ,japan along ) #dh nations1 rema9s ! only legally b9d+ agreem5t on ,taiwan's t]ritorial disposition 9 =ce today & /ates t ,japan r5\nces all "r1 title1 & claim to ,=mosa & ! ,pescadores1 b did n transf] sov]eignty to any o!r p>ty or c\ntry4 7#ac7 ,! ,treaty ( ,peace betwe5 ! ,,roc & ,japan1 done at ,taipei1 ,taiwan1 on ,april #bh1 #aieb1 recognizes ,japan's r5unciation ( its claims to ,taiwan1 b does n transf] sov]eignty ov] ! isl& to ! ,,roc4 7#ad7 ,on ,febru>y #c1 #aifa1 ! ,/ate ,dep>tm5t's ,legal ,advis] = ,f> ,ea/]n ,affairs1 ,john ,j4 ,czyzak1 produc$ a legal memo :i* /ates1 ! mo/ t5able !ory reg>d+ ! /atus ( ,=mosa & ! ,pescadores is t sov]eignty ov] ! isl&s has n yet be5 f9ally det]m9$ ''' ,because ( diff]5ces among ! ,alli$ ,p[]s z to :o repres5t$ ,*9a1 no agreem5t on ! disposition ( ,=mosa & ! ,pescadores c\ld be rea*$ 9 ! ,japanese ,peace ,treaty4 ,t ! ,san ,francisco ,peace ,treaty 0 int5d$ to dive/ ,japan ( its sov]eignty ov] ! isl&s )\t transf]r+ t sov]eignty to any o!r c\ntry is abundantly cle> f ! record4 ,!re does n appe> to h occurr$ any?+ subsequ5t to ! ,peace ,treaty :i* c be said to h effect$ a transf] ( t sov]eignty4 7#ae7 ,! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 7,,prc7 claims sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan z fl[+ f its sov]eignty ov] ,*9a & ,,prc (ficials r\t9ely /ate ! ,,prc's "o ,*9a pr9ciple z1 ,!re is only "o ,*9a 9 ! _w4 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a is ! sole legal gov]nm5t repres5t+ ! :ole ( ,*9a1 & ,taiwan is an inali5able "p ( ,*9a's t]ritory4 7#af7 ,z ! ,,prc has gr[n increas+ly confid5t1 x has increas+ly s\ght to actively ass]t its "o ,*9a pr9ciple ov] any o!r position on ,taiwan's legal /atus1 includ+ ov] ! position ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 by wag+ a global campaign to p]suade or =ce gov]nm5ts1 int]national organizations1 private corporations1 & individuals to ref] to ,taiwan z a "p ( ,*9a4 7#ag7 ,s9ce ! ,,prc won ! ,*9ese civil w>1 x has s\ght to delegalize ,taiwan & isolate x f p>ticipation 9 ! int]national community & int]national organizations4 7#ah7 ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly ,resolution #bgeh 7#aiga7 recogniz$ ! ,,prc z ! rightful ,gov]nm5t ( ,*9a )\t def9+ its geographical b\nd>ies or mak+ m5tion ( ,taiwan "u any "n4 ,h[ev]1 due to ,,prc influ5ce ef=ts1 ! ,unit$ ,nations has r\t9ely & errone\sly int]pret$ ! resolution by ref]r+ to ,taiwan z ,taiwan1 ,prov9ce ( ,*9a1 presum+ resolution ( ,taiwan's /atus4 7#ai7 ,taiwan has transition$ into a fully function+ democracy s9ce #aiif1 :5 ! isl& held its fir/ direct ,presid5tial election4 7#bj7 ,9 contra/1 ! ,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty has prev5t$ ! p ( ! ,,prc f develop+ a repres5tative democracy4 7#ba7 ,an ov]:elm+ majority ( ! p ( ,taiwan favor ! /atus quo 9 ! ,taiwan ,/rait1 9 :i* ,taiwan is n "p ( ! ,,prc4 7#bb7 ,9 ! #c ,communiqus ) ! ,,prc issu$ 9 #aigb1 #aigi1 & #aihb1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates )held recognition ( ! ,,prc's t]ritorial claims on ,taiwan m]ely ackn[l$g+1 )\t affirm+1 ! ,*9ese position t !re is "o ,*9a & ,taiwan is "p ( ,*9a's t]ritory4 7#bc7 ,a ,/ate ,dep>tm5t memor&um titl$ ,int]national ,docum5ts ( a ,non-,b9d+ ,"* ref]5ces ! ,%anghai ,communiqu 7#aigb7 z a /atem5t ( policy1 n an int]national legally b9d+ commitm5t4 7#bd7 ,on ,janu>y #a1 #aigi1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates recogniz$ ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a z ! legitimate ,gov]nm5t ( ,*9a :ile leav+ ! c\ntry's t]ritory undef9$4 7#be7 ,on ,april #aj1 #aigi1 ! ,taiwan ,relations ,act 7,public ,law #if-h7 0 enact$ into law & e/abli%$ ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-- 7,a7 pres]ve & promote ext5sive1 close1 & fri5dly comm]cial1 cultural1 & o!r relations betwe5 ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! p on ,taiwan1 z well z ! p on ! ,*9a ma9l& & all o!r peoples ( ! ,we/]n ,pacific area2 7,b7 decl>e t peace & /ability 9 ! area are 9 ! political1 security1 & economic int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & are matt]s ( int]national conc]n2 7,c7 make cle> t ! ,unit$ ,/ates decision to e/abli% diplomatic relations ) ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a re/s ^u ! expectation t ! future ( ,taiwan w be det]m9$ by peaceful means2 7,d7 consid] any ef=t to det]m9e ! future ( ,taiwan by o!r ?an peaceful means1 includ+ by boycotts or emb>goes1 a ?reat to ! peace & security ( ! ,we/]n ,pacific area & ( grave conc]n to ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7,e7 provide ,taiwan ) arms ( a def5sive "*2 & 7,f7 ma9ta9 ! capacity ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to resi/ any resort to =ce or o!r =ms ( co]cion t w\ld jeop>dize ! security1 or ! social or economic sy/em1 ( ! p on ,taiwan4 7#bf7 ,on ,july #ad1 #aihb1 ,presid5t ,ronald ,reagan in/ruct$ 8 repres5tative 9 ,taiwan1 ,am]ican ,in/itute 9 ,taiwan ,director ,james ,r4 ,lilley1 to relay a set ( assurances1 :i* h become kn[n z ! ,six ,assurances1 to ,taiwan's !n-,presid5t ,*iang ,*+-kuo includ+ ! assurance t ! ,unit$ ,/ates has n alt]$ its position reg>d+ sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan4 7#bg7 ,9 #bjaf1 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate pass$ ,h4 ,con4 ,res4 #hh & ,s4 ,con4 ,res4 #ch1 respectively1 :i* reaffirm ! ,taiwan ,relations ,act & ! ,six ,assurances z corn]/ones ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates-,taiwan relations4 7#bh7 ,on au?ority ( ! ,presid5t & )\t codifi$ endorsem5t f ,congress1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ma9ta9s a policy reg>d+ ! /atus ( ,taiwan1 t is call$ its "o ,*9a policy1 "u :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates recognizes ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a z ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,*9a & "u :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates takes ! position t ,taiwan's legal /atus has n be5 det]m9$ & takes no position on ! future /atus ( ,taiwan4 7#bi7 ,! "o ,*9a policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is n ! ,,prc's "o ,*9a pr9ciple4 7#cj7 ,! "o ,*9a policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 orig9ally develop$ 9 a ,cold ,w> context z an exp$i5t to s]ve ,cold ,w> purposes & has n be5 updat$ to reflect *ang+ conditions1 ! cle> tr5d ( hi/ory t[>d increas+ democracy especially aft] ! fall ( ! ,soviet ,union1 or ! democratic developm5t ( ,taiwan's polity4 7#ca7 ,! ,,prc's "o ,*9a pr9ciple does n reflect ! objective /ate ( affairs t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan repres5ts a self-gov]n+ democracy ( #bc1fjj1jjj p4 7#cb7 ,unlike o!r colonies held by imp]ial p[]s1 & aga9/ ! cle> hi/orical tr5d to grant colonies indep5d5ce1 ! univ]sal "r to self-det]m9ation ( ! p ( ,taiwan h n be5 broadly consid]$ by ! int]national community4 7#cc7 ,nei!r ! ,,prc's "o ,*9a pr9ciple nor ! "o ,*9a policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates reflect ! objective /ate ( affairs t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,taiwan has atta9$ a high degree ( legitimacy & adm9i/]s ! t]ritory "u its control 9 ! mann] ( a sov]eign /ate & ) ! attributes ( sov]eignty su* z exclusive legal jurisdiction1 ! pr9t+ ( curr5cy1 ! ma9t5ance ( arm$ =ces1 cu/oms adm9i/ration1 & ! conduct ( =eign policy4 7#cd7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates is a p>ty to ! ,conv5tion on ! ,rights & ,duties ( ,/ates done at ,montevideo1 ,uruguay1 on ,decemb] #bf1 #aicc1 & ,taiwan meets all #d crit]ia ( /atehood laid d[n !re91 namely a p]man5t population1 a def9$ t]ritory1 a gov]nm5t1 & ! capacity to ent] into relations ) o!r /ates4 #c4 ,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t-- 7#a7 :ile ! ,,prc claims sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan1 ! "o ,*9a policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates does n recognize t ,taiwan is "p ( ,*9a2 7#b7 p]si/5t conc]ns reg>d+ ! impact on ,unit$ ,/ates-,*9a relations h prev5t$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates f engag+ 9 mean+ful outrea* to p>tn]s & allies ) respect to ! legal /atus ( ,taiwan1 all[+ ! ,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty to monopolize ! in=mation space & pu% its baseless "o ,*9a pr9ciple2 7#c7 ! effectiv5ess ( ! ,*9ese ,communi/ ,p>ty's in=mation campaigns reg>d+ sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan jeop>dizes peace & /ability 9 ! ,taiwan ,/rait by prep>+ ! in=mation environm5t = ! use ( milit>y =ce to annex ,taiwan to ! ,,prc2 7#d7 ! position ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on ! legal /atus ( sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan is (t5 pres5t$ 9 a mann] s nuanc$ z to be confus+ 9 public disc\rse & prohibitive t[>d expla9+ ! int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ,taiwan's cont9u$ peaceful evolution2 & 7#e7 (ficials ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld seek to di/+ui% ! "o ,*9a policy f ! ,,prc's "o ,*9a pr9ciple4 #d4 ,policy ,x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-- 7#a7 make cle> ?r\gh public & private diplomacy ! legal case = its position on ,taiwan's /atus2 7#b7 call on ! ,,prc ,gov]nm5t to refra9 f errone\sly conflat+ ! "o ,*9a policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) its "o ,*9a pr9ciple 9 public messag+2 & 7#c7 call on ! ,unit$ ,nations to accurately int]pret ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly ,resolution #bgeh & n errone\sly inf] resolution ( ,taiwan's /atus4 #e4 ,legal op9ion reg>d+ ,taiwan's /atus 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all issue a legal op9ion detail+ ! reason+ support+ ! position ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates reg>d+ ! int]national /atus ( sov]eignty ov] ,taiwan & its nonrecognition ( ! ,,prc's t]ritorial claim ov] ,taiwan4 7b7 ,summ>y ,9 addition to ! legal op9ion describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 ! ,secret>y %all issue a memor&um t summ>izes su* op9ion 9 n m ?an #a1bjj words4 7c7 ,consultation ,be=e issu+ ! legal op9ion describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all consult ) ! ,h\se ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs & ! ,s5ate ,committee on ,=eign ,relations on its cont5ts4 7d7 ,publication ,! docum5ts li/$ 9 subsections 7a7 & 7b7 %all be publi%$ on a publicly available1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate int]net website4 #f4 ,diplomacy reg>d+ ,taiwan's /atus 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 act+ ?r\gh subord9ate (fic]s z appropriate1 %all conduct diplomatic ef=ts to in=m & p]suade c\ntries ( ! legal reason+ support+ ! position ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates reg>d+-- 7#a7 ,taiwan's /atus2 7#b7 ! nonrecognition ( ! ,,prc's t]ritorial claim ov] ,taiwan2 7#c7 :]e appropriate1 ! ,,prc's use ( e?nonationalism to ju/ify its claims to ,taiwan2 & 7#d7 ! mean+ & hi/ory ( ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly ,resolution #bgeh & its subord9ate resolutions ?r\gh\t ! sy/em ( ! ,unit$ ,nations & ! ,,prc's ef=ts to di/ort su* mean+ & hi/ory4 7b7 ,report 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an "o ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all submit to ! appropriate congressional committees a report describ+ ! diplomatic ef=ts c>ri$ out pursuant to subsection 7a74 7#b7 ,elem5ts ,! report requir$ by p>agraph 7#a7 %all include ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,a description ( ! l9es ( ef=t us$ to conduct ! diplomatic activities c>ri$ out pursuant to subsection 7a74 7,b7 ,a li/ ( /ates contact$ z "p ( su* activities1 ) a special emphasis on c\ntries 9 ! ,indo-,pacific4 7,c7 ,an assessm5t ( ! effectiv5ess ( su* activities4 7#c7 ,=m ,! report requir$ by p>agraph 7#a7 %all be issu$ 9 a classifi$ =m1 b may conta9 an unclassifi$ annex1 if appropriate4 7#d7 ,appropriate congressional committees def9$ ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m appropriate congressional committees includes ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( ! ,s5ate4 #g4 ,maps depict+ ,taiwan ,n lat] ?an #ae days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,geograph] ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 %all issue guidance to reconcile ) ,unit$ ,/ates policy guidel9es on ! procurem5t & production ( maps t depict ,taiwan by prohibit+ su* procurem5t & production ( maps :i* depict ,taiwan to be sov]eign t]ritory ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a4