,i #aagth ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #gddg ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of ,,representatives ,april #g1 #bjbb,mr4 ,brown of ,maryland introduced the following bill2 which was referred to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology ,a ,,bill ,to direct the ,administrator of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration to conduct a study on the modernization of aeronautical standards1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,modernizing ,aeronautical ,standards ,act4 #b4 ,modernizing ,aeronautical ,standards 7a7 ,findings ,congress finds the following3 7#a7 ,the work of the ,u4,s4 ,committee on ,extension to the ,standard ,atmosphere1 established in #aiec1 led to the #aieh1 #aifb1 #aiff1 and #aigf versions of the ,u4,s4 ,standard ,atmosphere4 7#b7 ,these models were published in book form jointly by the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration1 the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration1 and the ,u4,s4 ,air ,force4 7#c7 ,the ,u4,s4 ,standard ,atmosphere is widely used as a basis for the design1 testing1 and operation of aircraft and other equipment4 7#d7 ,the ,department of ,defense has supplemented the standard atmosphere with data models of climatic extremes1 most recently with ,,mil-,,hdbk-#caj1 ,climatic ,information to ,determine ,design and ,test ,requirements for ,military ,systems and ,equipment1 which was published in #aiig and provides climatic data primarily for use in engineering analyses to develop and test military equipment and materiel4 7#e7 ,the most recent standard atmosphere published in #aigf assumed a standard sea-level temperature of #ei degrees ,fahrenheit in continuation of the assumption established in #aibd by ,resolution #aib of the ,international ,commission for ,air ,navigation4 7#f7 ,between #aibd and #aigf1 the average global sea-level temperature rose by #j4e degree ,fahrenheit4 7#g7 ,since #aigf1 the average global sea-level temperature has risen by more than #a4e degrees ,fahrenheit1 the five warmest years in the modern record have all occurred since #bjae1 and nine of the #aj warmest years have occurred since #bjje4 7#h7 ,under the ,fifth ,assessment ,report of the ,intergovernmental ,panel on ,climate ,change 7,,ar#e ,,ipcc71 all scenarios considered result in an average global temperature rise in #bjdj by more than #b4e degrees ,fahrenheit since #aigf1 with the most extreme scenario resulting in a temperature rise of #c4e degrees ,fahrenheit4 7#i7 ,by #bajj1 the ,,ipcc projects that the global mean temperature will increase by more than #d degrees ,fahrenheit under moderate scenarios1 with the potential to exceed #g4e degrees ,fahrenheit under the most extreme scenarios4 7#aj7 ,aircraft performance is negatively affected by increased temperatures1 resulting in lower payload capacity1 increased runway requirements1 reduced range1 slower climb out speeds1 and negative impacts to environmental performance4 7#aa7 ,for existing aircraft and engine designs1 the increase to ambient temperature will result in impacts to operations to account for the lower engine and aircraft performance1 which may include increased noise exposure1 increased operations1 increase to emissions1 and degradation of air quality4 7#ab7 ,for new aircraft and engine designs1 the increase to ambient temperature will require improved engine designs that provide required thrust at higher ambient temperatures to meet mission requirements1 which may result in de-rating at airports with excess runway length1 resulting in lower operational noise compared to current levels4 7#ac7 ,the military and commercial aircraft being designed today are expected to be in operation for thirty to fifty years1 with an expected end of life between #bjej to #bjgj4 7b7 ,study on aeronautical standards 7#a7 ,study required ,the ,administrator of the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,defense1 the ,administrator of the ,federal ,aviation ,administration1 and the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration1 shall conduct a study on the modernization of aeronautical standards4 7#b7 ,designation ,the study conducted under paragraph 7#a7 shall be known as the ,modernization of ,aeronautical ,standards and ,aircraft ,performance ,study4 7#c7 ,elements ,the study conducted under paragraph 7#a7 shall include the following3 7,a7 ,an assessment of differences between the current atmospheric conditions and the baseline atmospheric conditions1 to include both the mean and extreme values4 7,b7 ,an analysis of the impacts to operation1 maintenance1 and sustainment costs of covered commercial aircraft due to the differences identified in subparagraph 7,a74 7,c7 ,an estimation of the number of weight restriction hours for the covered commercial aircraft at the covered commercial airports under the baseline1 current1 and projected atmospheric conditions4 7,d7 ,an assessment of the required infrastructure investment at the covered commercial airports such that the number of weight restriction hours under the projected atmospheric conditions is equivalent to the number of weight restriction hours with the current infrastructure and route structure under the baseline and current atmospheric conditions4 7,e7 ,recommendations for atmospheric and climatic design requirements for future commercial aircraft to account for projected atmospheric conditions4 7,f7 ,an analysis of the impacts to operation1 maintenance1 and sustainment costs and aircraft performance of military aircraft due to the differences identified in subparagraph 7,a74 7,g7 ,atmospheric and climatic design requirements for military aircraft1 or other equipment1 which should be updated to account for current and projected atmospheric conditions4 7,h7 ,recommended updates or supplements to the atmospheric standards due to current atmospheric conditions4 7,i7 ,criteria under which future updates or supplements to the atmospheric standards should be made4 7#d7 ,transmittal ,the ,administrator shall transmit the results of the study to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology and the ,committee on ,transportation and ,infrastructure of the ,house of ,representatives1 the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate1 and the congressional defense committees not later than #ah months after the date of enactment of this ,act4 7#e7 ,definitions ,in this section3 7,a7 ,the term atmospheric standards means-- 7i7 the ,united ,states ,standard ,atmosphere of #aigf2 7ii7 ,,mil-,,hdbk-#caj1 ,climatic ,information to ,determine ,design and ,test ,requirements for ,military ,systems and ,equipment2 and 7iii7 any other standard as determined by the ,administrator4 7,b7 ,the term baseline atmospheric conditions means the atmospheric conditions referred to in the most recent release of an atmospheric standard4 7,c7 ,the term current atmospheric conditions means the atmospheric conditions observed in the #e most recent calendar years ending before the date of enactment of this ,act4 7,d7 ,the term projected atmospheric conditions means the mean atmospheric conditions projected by the ,international ,panel on ,climate ,change under the ,sixth ,assessment ,report in scenarios-- 7i7 ,,ssp#a-a4i2 7ii7 ,,ssp#a-b4f2 7iii7 ,,ssp#b-d4e2 7iv7 ,,ssp#c-g4j2 and 7v7 ,,ssp#e-h4e4 7,e7 ,the term aircraft performance includes-- 7i7 range2 7ii7 payload capacity2 7iii7 runway length requirement2 7iv7 climb rate2 7v7 turn rate2 7vi7 operating altitude2 and 7vii7 acceleration4 7,f7 ,the term covered commercial airports means-- 7i7 the #cj commercial service airports 7as defined in section #dgajb7g7 of title #di1 ,united ,states ,code7 with the most passenger boardings in the most recent calendar year ending before the date of enactment of this ,act2 and 7ii7 the #e public airports 7as defined in section #dgajb7ba7 of title #di1 ,united ,states ,code7 not covered by clause 7i7 with the highest all-cargo landed weight in the most recent calendar year ending before the date of enactment of this ,act4 7,g7 ,the term covered commercial aircraft means the #aj aircraft types still in production with the highest number of operations at covered commercial airports in the most recent calendar year ending before the date of enactment of this ,act4 7,h7 ,the term commercial aircraft means an air carrier operating under part #aba of title #ad1 ,code of ,federal ,regulations4 7,i7 ,the term passenger boardings has the meaning given the term in section #dgajb7ae7 of title #di1 ,united ,states ,code4 7,j7 ,the term military aircraft means an aircraft that-- 7i7 is currently being developed1 procured1 or operated by the ,department of ,defense2 and 7ii7 is a bomber1 fighter1 attack helicopter1 transport helicopter1 strategic transport1 tactical transport1 or surveillance aircraft4 7,k7 ,the term weight restriction day means a day when the daily maximum temperature matches or exceeds the weight-restriction temperature threshold for a specific aircraft4 7,l7 ,the term congressional defense committees has the meaning given that term in section #aja7;a77#af7 of title #aj1 ,united ,states ,code4