,i #aag? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #egbg ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,octob] #bf1 #bjba,mr4 ,c>twright 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,aguil>1 ,ms4 ,adams1 ,mrs4 ,axne1 ,ms4 ,b>ragn1 ,ms4 ,bass1 ,mrs4 ,beatty1 ,mr4 ,bey]1 ,mr4 ,blum5au]1 ,ms4 ,blunt ,ro*e/]1 ,ms4 ,bonamici1 ,mr4 ,b[man1 ,mr4 ,br5dan ,f4 ,boyle ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mr4 ,br[n1 ,ms4 ,br[nley1 ,mrs4 ,bu/os1 ,mr4 ,butt]field1 ,mr4 ,c>bajal1 ,mr4 ,case1 ,mr4 ,ca/51 ,mr4 ,ca/ro ( ,texas1 ,ms4 ,*u1 ,mr4 ,cicill9e1 ,ms4 ,cl>ke ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,cleav]1 ,mr4 ,connolly1 ,mr4 ,coop]1 ,mr4 ,correa1 ,ms4 ,craig1 ,mr4 ,cri/1 ,mr4 ,cr[1 ,mr4 ,danny ,k4 ,davis ( ,ill9ois1 ,ms4 ,dean1 ,ms4 ,de,gette1 ,ms4 ,de,lauro1 ,ms4 ,del,bene1 ,mr4 ,de,saulnier1 ,mrs4 ,d+ell1 ,mr4 ,doggett1 ,ms4 ,e%oo1 ,mr4 ,espaillat1 ,mr4 ,evans1 ,ms4 ,leg] ,f]n&ez1 ,mr4 ,fitzpatrick1 ,mr4 ,fo/]1 ,mr4 ,gallego1 ,mr4 ,g>am5di1 ,mr4 ,g>ca ( ,ill9ois1 ,ms4 ,g>cia ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,gomez1 ,mr4 ,got!im]1 ,mr4 ,gre5 ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,grijalva1 ,mr4 ,higg9s ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,himes1 ,mr4 ,hors=d1 ,ms4 ,h\lahan1 ,mr4 ,huffman1 ,ms4 ,jackson ,lee1 ,ms4 ,jayapal1 ,mr4 ,jones1 ,mr4 ,kahele1 ,ms4 ,kaptur1 ,ms4 ,kelly ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,kildee1 ,mr4 ,kim ( ,new ,j]sey1 ,mr4 ,k9d1 ,mrs4 ,kirkpatrick1 ,mr4 ,kri%namoor?i1 ,ms4 ,ku/]1 ,mr4 ,langev91 ,mr4 ,l>s5 ( ,wa%+ton1 ,mr4 ,l>son ( ,connecticut1 ,mrs4 ,lawr5ce1 ,mr4 ,lawson ( ,florida1 ,ms4 ,lee ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,lev9 ( ,mi*igan1 ,mr4 ,lieu1 ,mr4 ,l[5?al1 ,mrs4 ,luria1 ,mr4 ,lyn*1 ,mr4 ,mal9[ski1 ,mrs4 ,c>olyn ,b4 ,maloney ( ,new ,york1 ,mrs4 ,mc,bath1 ,ms4 ,mc,collum1 ,mr4 ,mc,eachin1 ,mr4 ,mc,nerney1 ,ms4 ,m5g1 ,mr4 ,morelle1 ,mr4 ,m\lton1 ,mr4 ,mrvan1 ,mr4 ,neguse1 ,mr4 ,norcross1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,mr4 ,pallone1 ,mr4 ,pappas1 ,mr4 ,payne1 ,mr4 ,p]lmutt]1 ,mr4 ,pet]s1 ,ms4 ,p+ree1 ,mr4 ,pocan1 ,ms4 ,port]1 ,mr4 ,price ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,mr4 ,quigley1 ,mr4 ,rask91 ,ms4 ,roybal-,all>d1 ,mr4 ,ruiz1 ,mr4 ,rupp]sb]g]1 ,mr4 ,ru%1 ,mr4 ,ryan1 ,ms4 ,sn*ez1 ,mr4 ,s>banes1 ,ms4 ,scanlon1 ,ms4 ,s*ak[sky1 ,mr4 ,s*iff1 ,mr4 ,s*rad]1 ,ms4 ,s*ri]1 ,mr4 ,david ,scott ( ,georgia1 ,mr4 ,%]man1 ,mr4 ,sires1 ,mr4 ,smi? ( ,new ,j]sey1 ,mr4 ,soto1 ,ms4 ,spei]1 ,ms4 ,/ansbury1 ,mr4 ,/anton1 ,ms4 ,/ev5s1 ,ms4 ,/rickl&1 ,mr4 ,suozzi1 ,mr4 ,swalwell1 ,ms4 ,titus1 ,ms4 ,tlaib1 ,mr4 ,tonko1 ,mrs4 ,torres ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,torres ( ,new ,york1 ,mrs4 ,trahan1 ,mr4 ,trone1 ,ms4 ,und]wood1 ,mr4 ,v>gas1 ,ms4 ,wass]man ,s*ultz1 ,mrs4 ,watson ,coleman1 ,mr4 ,wel*1 ,ms4 ,williams ( ,georgia1 ,ms4 ,wilson ( ,florida1 ,mr4 ,y>mu?1 ,ms4 ,velzquez1 ,ms4 ,om>1 ,mr4 ,smi? ( ,wa%+ton1 ,mr4 ,johnson ( ,georgia1 ,ms4 ,ross1 ,ms4 ,newman1 ,ms4 ,%]rill1 ,mr4 ,khanna1 ,mr4 ,panetta1 ,mr4 ,lev9 ( ,cali=nia1 & ,ms4 ,mann+7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,education & ,labor ,a ,,bill ,to secure ! rights ( public employees to organize1 act conc]t$ly1 & b>ga9 collectively1 :i* safegu>d ! public int]e/ & promote ! free & unob/ruct$ fl[ ( comm]ce1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,public ,s]vice ,fre$om to ,negotiate ,act ( #bjba4 #b4 ,def9itions 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,appropriate unit ,! t]m appropriate unit means a gr\p ( public employees or a gr\p ( sup]visory employees appropriate = collective b>ga9+ t %>e a community ( int]e/1 z demon/rat$ by factors includ+ :e!r su* gr\p-- 7,a7 has a b>ga9+ hi/ory or hi/ory ( prior organization2 & 7,b7 reflects ! desires ( ! employees :o are seek+ or propos+ repres5tation by a labor organization reg>d+ ! employees to be includ$ 9 su* b>ga9+ unit4 7#b7 ,au?ority ,! t]m ,au?ority means ! ,f$]al ,labor ,relations ,au?ority4 7#c7 ,collective b>ga9+ ,! t]m collective b>ga9+1 us$ ) respect to public employees1 sup]visory employees1 & public employ]s1 means ! p]=mance ( ! mutual obligation ( ! repres5tative ( a public employ] & ! exclusive repres5tative ( public & sup]visory employees 9 an appropriate unit ( ! employ] to meet at reasonable times & to consult & b>ga9 9 a good-fai? ef=t to rea* agreem5t ) respect to wages1 h\rs1 & o!r t]ms & conditions ( employm5t affect+ su* employees & to execute a writt5 docum5t incorporat+ any collective b>ga9+ agreem5t rea*$1 b ! obligation ref]r$ to 9 ?is p>agraph does n compel ei!r p>ty to agree to a proposal or to make a concession 7z describ$ 9 section #h7;d7 ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aeh7;d7774 7#d7 ,confid5tial employee ,! t]m confid5tial employee means an employee ( a public employ] :o acts 9 a confid5tial capacity ) respect to an individual :o =mulates or effectuates managem5t policies 9 ! field ( labor-managem5t relations4 7#e7 ,cov]$ p]son ,! t]m cov]$ p]son means an individual or a labor organization4 7#f7 ,em]g5cy s]vices employee ,! t]m em]g5cy s]vices employee means-- 7,a7 a public employee provid+ out-(-hospital em]g5cy m$ical c>e1 includ+ an em]g5cy m$ical te*nician1 p>am$ic1 or fir/ respond]2 or 7,b7 a public employee provid+ o!r s]vices 9 response to em]g5cies t h ! pot5tial to cause dea? or s]i\s bodily injury1 includ+ an employee 9 fire protection activities 7z def9$ 9 section #c7y7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7y7774 7#g7 ,labor organization ,! t]m labor organization means any organization ( any k9d t is n "u ! control directly or indirectly by a public employ] 9 :i* su* employees p>ticipate & :i* exi/s = ! purpose1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ( deal+ ) public employ]s conc]n+ grievances1 labor disputes1 wages1 rates ( pay1 h\rs ( employm5t1 or conditions ( "w4 7#h7 ,law ,! t]m law1 us$ ) respect to a ,/ate or a political subdivision !re(1 includes ! application ( ! laws ( su* ,/ate or su* political subdivision1 includ+ any regulations or ord9ances issu$ by su* ,/ate or su* political subdivision4 7#i7 ,law en=cem5t (fic] ,! t]m law en=cem5t (fic] has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 section #abjd ( ! ,omnibus ,crime ,control & ,safe ,/reets ,act ( #aifh 7#cd ,u4,s4,c4 #ajbhd74 7#aj7 ,managem5t employee ,! t]m managem5t employee means an individual employ$ by a public employ] 9 a position ! duties & responsibilities ( :i* require ! individual to =mulate or det]m9e ! policies ( ! employ]4 7#aa7 ,public employee ,! t]m public employee-- 7,a7 means an individual1 employ$ by a public employ]1 :o 9 any workweek is engag$ 9 comm]ce or is employ$ 9 an ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]ce2 7,b7 includes an individual :o is tempor>ily transf]r$ to a sup]visory or managem5t position2 & 7,c7 does n include-- 7i7 a sup]visory employee2 7ii7 a managem5t employee2 7iii7 a confid5tial employee2 7iv7 an elect$ (ficial2 or 7v7 a law en=cem5t (fic] employ$ by a public employ] z def9$ 9 section #b7;a77#ab7-- 7,i7 :o has /atutory au?ority to make arre/s or appreh5sions2 7,,ii7 :o is au?oriz$ by ! ag5cy ( ! employee to c>ry fire>ms2 & 7,,iii7 ^: duties sub/antially include ! engagem5t 9 or sup]vision ( ! prev5tion1 detection1 or inve/igation ( any p]son = any violation ( law3 ,provid$1 ,t a law en=cem5t (fic] ^: duties sub/antially include ! engagem5t 9 or sup]vision ( corrections1 probation1 p>ole1 or juv5ile det5tion functions %all be a public employee "u ?is ,act4 7#ab7 ,public employ] ,! t]m public employ] means an entity t-- 7,a7 employs n less ?an #a individual2 7,b7 is engag$ 9 comm]ce2 & 7,c7 is ei!r-- 7i7 a ,/ate or ! political subdivision ( a ,/ate2 or 7ii7 any au?ority1 ag5cy1 s*ool di/rict1 bo>d or o!r entity controll$ & op]at$ by an entity describ$ 9 clause 7i74 7#ac7 ,sub/antially provides ,! t]m sub/antially provides1 us$ ) respect to ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 section #c7;b71 means provid+ rights & proc$ures t are equival5t to or great] ?an ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 su* section4 7#ad7 ,sup]visory employee ,! t]m sup]visory employee means an individual1 employ$ by a public employ]1 :o 9 any workweek is engag$ 9 comm]ce or is employ$ 9 an ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]ce & :o-- 7,a7 has ! au?ority 9 ! int]e/ ( ! employ]1 if ! ex]cise ( su* au?ority is n m]ely r\t9e or cl]ical 9 nature b requires ! consi/5t ex]cise ( indep5d5t judgm5t1 to-- 7i7 hire1 promote1 rew>d1 transf]1 furl\gh1 lay (f1 recall1 susp5d1 discipl9e1 or remove public employees2 7ii7 adju/ ! grievances ( public employees2 or 7iii7 effectively recomm5d any action describ$ 9 clause 7i7 or 7ii72 7,b7 devotes a majority ( "t at "w to ex]cis+ ! au?ority "u subp>agraph 7,a72 & 7,c7 is n a law en=cem5t (fic] z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#aa77;,c77v74 7b7 ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich t]ms ,! t]ms comm]ce1 employ1 ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]ce1 & ,/ate h ! mean+s giv5 su* t]ms 9 section #c ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjc74 7c7 ,/ate law ,if any t]m def9$ 9 ?is section has a sub/antially equival5t mean+ to ! t]m 7or a sub/antially equival5t t]m7 "u applicable ,/ate law on ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 su* t]m 7or sub/antially equival5t t]m7 & mean+ "u su* applicable ,/ate law %all apply ) respect to ! t]m def9$ "u ?is ,act ) respect to su* ,/ate4 #c4 ,f$]al m9imum /&>ds 7a7 ,det]m9ation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,au?ority %all make a det]m9ation = ea* ,/ate z to :e!r ! laws ( su* ,/ate sub/antially provide = ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures "u subsection 7b7 & n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,au?ority %all e/abli% proc$ures = ! implem5tation ( ?is section4 7#b7 ,consid]ation ( additional op9ions ,9 mak+ ! det]m9ation "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,au?ority %all consid] ! op9ions ( affect$ public employees1 sup]visory employees1 labor organizations1 & public employ]s4 ,9 ! case :]e ! ,au?ority is notifi$ by an affect$ public employ] & labor organization t bo? p>ties agree t ! law applicable to su* employ] & labor organization sub/antially provides = ! m9imum /&>ds describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 ! ,au?ority %all give su* agreem5t weight to ! maximum ext5t practicable 9 mak+ ! ,au?ority's det]m9ation "u p>agraph 7#a74 7#c7 ,limit$ crit]ia ,9 mak+ ! det]m9ation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,au?ority may only consid] ! crit]ia describ$ 9 subsection 7b74 7#d7 ,subsequ5t det]m9ations 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a det]m9ation made pursuant to p>agraph 7#a7 %all rema9 9 effect unless & until ! ,au?ority issues a subsequ5t det]m9ation1 9 accordance ) ! proc$ures set =? 9 subp>agraph 7,b74 7,b7 ,reque/ ,a public employee1 sup]visory employee1 public employ]1 or a labor organization may submit to ! ,au?ority a writt5 reque/ = a subsequ5t det]m9ation ) respect to :e!r a mat]ial *ange ( ,/ate law has occurr$4 7,c7 ,issuance ,if satisfi$ t a mat]ial *ange 9 ,/ate law has occurr$1 ! ,au?ority %all issue a subsequ5t det]m9ation n lat] ?an #cj days aft] receipt ( su* reque/4 7#e7 ,judicial review ,any cov]$ p]son or public employ] aggriev$ by a det]m9ation ( ! ,au?ority "u ?is p>agraph 7#a7 may1 dur+ ! #fj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* ! det]m9ation 0 made1 petition any ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals 9 ! circuit 9 :i* ! cov]$ p]son or public employ] resides or transacts bus9ess or 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit1 = judicial review4 ,9 any judicial review ( a det]m9ation made by ! ,au?ority describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! proc$ures conta9$ 9 subsections 7c7 & 7d7 ( section #gabc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %all be foll[$4 7b7 ,f$]al m9imum /&>d ,! collective b>ga9+ rights & proc$ures "u ?is subsection are z foll[s3 7#a7 ,a "r ( public employees & sup]visory employees-- 7,a7 to self-organization2 7,b7 to =m1 jo91 or assi/ a labor organization or to refra9 f any su* activity2 7,c7 to b>ga9 collectively ?r\gh repres5tatives ( _! own *oos+2 & 7,d7 to engage 9 o!r conc]t$ activities = ! purpose ( collective b>ga9+ or o!r mutual aid 7includ+ ! fil+ ( jo9t1 class1 or collective legal claims7 or protection4 7#b7 ,a requirem5t = public employ]s to-- 7,a7 recognize ! labor organization ( its public employees & sup]visory employees 7freely *os5 9 an election by a majority ( su* employees vot+ 9 ! appropriate unit or *os5 by volunt>y recognition if t me?od is p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law7 )\t requir+ an election to rec]tify or dec]tify a labor organization t is already recogniz$ z ! repres5tative ( su* employees unless n less ?an #cj p]c5t ( su* employees 9 ! b>ga9+ unit freely sign a petition to dec]tify su* labor organization-- 7i7 n e>li] ?an ! date t is #a ye> aft] ! date ( ! election 7or aft] a volunt>y recognition if p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law7 ( ! repres5tative2 7ii7 n e>li] ?an #a ye> aft] ! expiration ( a valid collective b>ga9+ agreem5t2 7iii7 n dur+ ! t]m ( a valid collective b>ga9+ agreem5t 7except z p]missible "u clause 7iv772 or 7iv7 dur+ ! #cj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! date t is #ij days be=e ! end ( a valid exi/+ contract2 7,b7 collectively b>ga9 ) su* recogniz$ labor organization2 & 7,c7 commit any agreem5ts ) su* recogniz$ labor organization to writ+ 9 a contract or memor&um ( und]/&+4 7#c7 ,an int]e/ impasse resolution me*anism1 su* z fact-f9d+1 m$iation1 arbitration1 or comp>able proc$ures t culm9ate 9 b9d+ resolution4 7#d7 ,payroll d$uction ( labor organization fees = any duly select$ repres5tative ( a public employee or sup]visory employee pursuant to ! t]ms ( an agreem5t betwe5 ! labor organization & su* public or sup]visory employee1 :i* %all rema9 9 effect until revok$ by su* employee 9 accordance ) its t]ms4 7#e7 ,! prohibition ( practices t int]f]e )1 re/ra91 or co]ce public or sup]visory employees 9 ! ex]cise ( rights gu>ante$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 or regulations issu$ !reund]4 7#f7 ,! en=cem5t ( all relevant rights & proc$ures provid$ by ,/ate law & enum]at$ 9 ?is section4 7#g7 ,! en=cem5t ( all rights & proc$ures provid$ by any writt5 contract or memor&um ( und]/&+ betwe5 a labor organization & a public employ]1 ?r\gh-- 7,a7 a ,/ate ag5cy1 if ! ,/ate s *ooses2 7,b7 at ! election ( an aggriev$ p>ty1 ! ,/ate c\rts1 if s p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law2 or 7,c7 a grievance resolution proc$ure culm9at+ 9 b9d+ arbitration negotiat$ 9 su* contract or memor&um4 7c7 ,compliance ) rights & proc$ures ,if ! ,au?ority det]m9es "u subsection 7a7 t ! laws ( a ,/ate sub/antially provide ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 !n subsection 7d7 %all n apply & ?is ,act %all n preempt ! laws ( su* ,/ate4 7d7 ,failure ,to sub/antially provide 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,au?ority det]m9es "u subsection 7a7 t ! laws ( a ,/ate d n sub/antially provide = ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 !n su* ,/ate %all be subject to ! rules & activities ( ! ,au?ority "u section #d beg9n+ on ! lat] (-- 7,a7 ! date t is #b ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act2 7,b7 ! date t is ! la/ day ( ! fir/ regul> session ( ! legislature ( ! ,/ate t beg9s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act2 or 7,c7 9 ! case ( a ,/ate receiv+ a subsequ5t det]m9ation "u subsection 7a77#d71 ! date t is ! la/ day ( ! fir/ regul> session ( ! legislature ( ! ,/ate t beg9s aft] ! date ! ,au?ority made ! det]m9ation4 7#b7 ,p>tial failure ,if ! ,au?ority makes a det]m9ation t a ,/ate does n sub/antially provide = ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 because ! ,/ate fails to sub/antially provide = all ( su* rights & proc$ures ) respect to any public or sup]visory employees1 ! ,au?ority %all id5tify-- 7,a7 ! categories ( public or sup]visory employees ( su* ,/ate t %all be subject to ! rules & activities ( ! ,au?ority "u section #d1 pursuant to section #g7;b77#c71 beg9n+ on ! applicable date "u p>agraph 7#a72 7,b7 ! categories ( public employees & sup]visory employees ( su* ,/ate t %all n be subject to ! rules & activities ( ! ,au?ority "u section #d2 7,c7 ! categories ( rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 = :i* ! ,/ate does n sub/antially provide = c]ta9 public employees & sup]visory employees2 & 7,d7 ! categories ( rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 su* subsection = :i* ! ,/ate sub/antially provides = all employees4 #d4 ,m9imum /&>ds adm9i/]$ by ! ,f$]al ,labor ,relations ,au?ority 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,au?ority %all issue rules & take su* actions t ! ,au?ority det]m9es appropriate to e/abli% & adm9i/] collective b>ga9+ rights & proc$ures t sub/antially provide = ! m9imum /&>ds describ$ 9 section #c7;b7 = ,/ates describ$ 9 section #c7;d74 7b7 ,role ( ! ,f$]al ,labor ,relations ,au?ority ,9 c>ry+ out subsection 7a71 ! ,au?ority %all-- 7#a7 provide = ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#e7 ( section #c7;b72 7#b7 sup]vise or conduct elections to det]m9e :e!r a labor organization has be5 select$ z an exclusive repres5tative by a majority ( ! public employees & sup]visory employees vot+ 9 su* election 9 an appropriate unit2 7#c7 det]m9e ! appropriat5ess ( units = labor organization repres5tation2 7#d7 conduct he>+s & resolve compla9ts conc]n+ violations ( ?is ,act or any rule or ord] issu$ by ! ,au?ority pursuant to ?is ,act2 7#e7 resolve exceptions to ! aw>ds ( arbitrators t violate or exce$ ! scope ( public policy ( ?is ,act2 & 7#f7 take su* o!r actions z are necess>y & appropriate to effectively adm9i/] ?is ,act1 includ+ issu+ subpo5as requir+ ! att5dance & te/imony ( witnesses & ! production ( docum5t>y or o!r evid5ce f any place 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 adm9i/]+ oa?s1 tak+ or ord]+ ! tak+ ( depositions1 ord]+ responses to writt5 int]rogatories1 & receiv+ & exam9+ witnesses4 7c7 ,en=cem5t 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,au?ority may issue an ord] direct+ compliance by any cov]$ p]son or public employ] f\nd to be 9 violation ( ?is section1 & may petition any ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals ) jurisdiction ov] ! p>ties1 or ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit1 to en=ce any su* f9al ord]s issu$ pursuant to ?is section or pursuant to rules issu$ "u ?is section1 & = appropriate tempor>y relief or a re/ra9+ ord]4 ,any cov]$ p]son or public employ] aggriev$ by an ord] issu$ by ! ,au?ority "u ?is section may1 dur+ ! #fj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on :i* ! ord] 0 issu$ petition any ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals 9 ! circuit :i* ! cov]$ p]son or public employ] resides or transacts bus9ess or 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit1 = judicial review4 ,any petition or appeal "u ?is section %all be conduct$ 9 accordance ) subsections 7c7 & 7d7 ( section #gabc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#b7 ,private "r ( action 7,a7 ,fil+ a civil action ,unless ! ,au?ority has fil$ an ord] ( en=cem5t z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 any p>ty may1 aft] ! #ahj-;day p]iod foll[+ ! fil+ ( a *>ge ) ! ,au?ority pursuant to ! rules ( ! ,au?ority "u ?is section1 file a civil action aga9/ any nam$ ,/ate adm9i/rator 9 an appropriate di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to enjo9 su* adm9i/rator to en=ce compliance-- 7i7 ) ?is ,act or ! rules issu$ by ! ,au?ority "u ?is section2 or 7ii7 to en=ce compliance ) any ord] issu$ by ! ,au?ority4 7,b7 ,tim+ ,any civil action br\ght "u subp>agraph 7,a7 mu/ be br\ght n lat] ?an ! e>li] (-- 7i7 ! date t is #ahj days aft] ! expiration ( ! #ahj-;day p]iod 9 subp>agraph 7,a72 or 7ii7 ! date t is #ahj days aft] ! date t ! ,au?ority dismisses a *>ge describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a74 7,c7 ,notice ,! p>ty %all s]ve notice ( ! ,f$]al lawsuit to ! ,au?ority4 7,d7 ,jurisdiction & attorneys' fees ,a di/rict c\rt %all h jurisdiction ov] ! civil action fil$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 )\t reg>d to ! am\nt 9 controv]sy or ! citiz5%ip ( ! p>ties & may aw>d reasonable attorneys' fees4 #e4 ,lock\ts & employee /rikes prohibit$ :5 em]g5cy or public safety s]vices imp]il$ 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subsection 7b71 any employ]1 em]g5cy s]vices employee1 or law en=cem5t (fic] subject to ! rules & activities ( ! ,au?ority "u section #d may n engage 9 a lock\t1 /rike1 or any o!r organiz$ job action ( :i* a reasonably probable result is a measurable disruption ( ! deliv]y ( em]g5cy or public safety s]vices4 ,no labor organization may cause or attempt to cause a violation ( ?is subsection4 7b7 ,no preemption ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to preempt any law ( any ,/ate or political subdivision ( any ,/ate ) respect to /rikes by em]g5cy s]vices employees or law en=cem5t (fic]s4 #f4 ,exi/+ collective b>ga9+ units & agreem5ts ,! enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all n invalidate any c]tification1 recognition1 result ( an election1 collective b>ga9+ agreem5t1 or memor&um ( und]/&+ t-- 7#a7 has be5 issu$1 approv$1 or ratifi$ by any public employee relations bo>d or commission1 or by any ,/ate or political subdivision or an ag5t or managem5t (ficial ( su* ,/ate or political subdivision2 & 7#b7 is 9 effect on ! day be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #g4 ,exceptions 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,au?ority %all n make a det]m9ation "u section #c7;a7 t ! laws ( a ,/ate d n sub/antially provide = ! rights & proc$ures "u section #c7;b7 on ! basis t relevant ,/ate laws-- 7#a7 p]mit a public or sup]visory employee to appe> on ! employee's own behalf ) respect to ! relation%ip ( ! public employee ) ! public employ] involv$2 7#b7 d n cov] public or sup]visory employees ( ! ,/ate militia or national gu>d2 7#c7 d n apply to a political subdivision ( a ,/ate if-- 7,a7 su* political subdivision has a population ( few] ?an #e1jjj p or employs few] ?an #be public employees2 & 7,b7 ! ,/ate 9 :i* su* political subdivision is locat$ notifies ! ,au?ority t su* subdivision is exempt f su* laws be=e ! date on :i* ! ,au?ority makes ! det]m9ation2 or 7#d7 d n require b>ga9+ ) respect to p5sion or retirem5t income b5efits2 or 7#e7 prohibit employ]s & labor organizations f negotiat+ provisions 9 a labor agreem5t t require memb]%ip 9 ! labor organization or ! paym5t ( fees to ! union z a condition ( employm5t4 7b7 ,compliance 7#a7 ,actions ( ,/ates ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to require a ,/ate to resc9d or preempt ! laws ( any political subdivision ( ! ,/ate if su* laws sub/antially provide = ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 section #c7;b74 7#b7 ,actions ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act or 9 ! rules issu$ "u ?is ,act %all be con/ru$-- 7,a7 to require ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia to resc9d-- 7i7 section #eja ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,gov]nm5t ,compreh5sive ,m]it ,p]sonnel ,act ( #aigh 7#a-fje4ja1 ,d4,c4 ,(ficial ,code71 e/abli%+ ! ,public ,employee ,relations ,bo>d ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia2 or 7ii7 section #ejb ( su* ,act 7#a-fje4jb1 ,d4,c4 ,(ficial ,code71 e/abli%+ ! p[] ( ! ,bo>d2 7,b7 to preempt ! laws describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a72 or 7,c7 to limit or alt] ! p[]s ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia pursuant to ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,home ,rule ,act4 7#c7 ,actions ( ! au?ority ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to preempt-- 7,a7 ! laws ( any ,/ate or political subdivision ( a ,/ate t sub/antially provide = ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 section #c7;b72 7,b7 ! laws ( any ,/ate or political subdivision ( a ,/ate t sub/antially provide = ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 section #c7;b71 solely because su* laws provide t a contract or memor&um ( und]/&+ betwe5 a public employ] & a labor organization mu/ be pres5t$ to a legislative body z "p ( ! process = approv+ su* contract or memor&um ( und]/&+2 or 7,c7 ! laws ( any ,/ate or political subdivision ( a ,/ate t p]mit or require a public employ] to recognize a labor organization on ! basis ( sign$ au?orizations execut$ by employees designat+ ! labor organization z _! repres5tative4 7#d7 ,limit$ en=cem5t p[] ,9 ! case ( a law describ$ 9 section #c7;d77#b71 ! ,au?ority %all only ex]cise ! au?ority "u section #d ) respect to ! categories ( public or sup]visory employees = :om ,/ate law does n sub/antially provide ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 section #c7;b74 #h4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is ,act or ! application !re( to any p]son or circum/ance is held invalid1 ! rema9d] ( ?is ,act1 or ! application ( t provision to p]sons or circum/ances o!r ?an ^? z to :i* x is held invalid1 is n affect$ !reby4 #i4 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ su* sums z may be necess>y to c>ry out ?is ,act4