,i  #aag? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #cicd  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,june #af1 #bjba,mr4  
,gallagh] 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,res*5?al]1  
,mr4 ,waltz1 & ,mrs4 ,h>tzl]7 introduc$ 
! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !        
,committee on ,=eign ,affairs1 & 9      
addition to ! ,committee on ,arm$       
,s]vices1 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly   
det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* case =      
consid]ation ( su* provisions z fall )9 
! jurisdiction ( ! committee conc]n$  ,a
 ,,bill  ,to ma9ta9 ! ability ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to d5y a fait       
accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a     
aga9/ ,taiwan4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is    
,act may be cit$ z ! ,taiwan ,def5se    
,act ( #bjba4  #b4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is   
,act3 7#a7 ,d5y ,! t]m d5y means to use 
comb9$ jo9t op]ations to delay1 degrade1
 & ultimately defeat an attempt by !    
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a to execute a fait 
accompli aga9/ ,taiwan1 result+ 9-- 7,a7
 ! t]m9ation ( ho/ilities or at lea/ !  
attempt$ fait accompli2 or  7,b7 !      

neutralization ( ! ability ( ! ,p's     
,republic ( ,*9a to execute a fait      
accompli aga9/ ,taiwan4  7#b7 ,fait     
accompli ,! t]m fait accompli ref]s to !
 /rategy ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a =    
invad+ & seiz+ control ( ,taiwan be=e ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces c respond     
effectively1 :ile simultane\sly det]r+  
an effective comb9$ jo9t response by !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces by conv9c+ !  
,unit$ ,/ates t m\nt+ su* a response    
w\ld be prohibitively difficult or      
co/ly4  #c4 ,f9d+s ,congress makes !    
foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,taiwan is a beacon (
 democracy 9 ,asia & a /eadfa/ p>tn] ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! common pursuit ( a   
free & op5 ,indo-,pacific region 9 :i*--
 7,a7 all societies enjoy sov]eign      
autonomy2  7,b7 ! p ( ! region live     
securely1 prosp]\sly1 & ) dignity2 &    
7,c7 ! societies ( ! region rise & fall 
n by co]cion b on ! basis ( peaceful    
competition4  7#b7 ,if ! ,p's ,republic 
( ,*9a 7 to use milit>y =ce to compel ! 
unification ( ,taiwan ) ! ,p's ,republic

 ( ,*9a-- 7,a7 ! _w w\ld lose "o ( !    
great exempl>s ( fre$om & democracy2    
7,b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & allies & p>tn]s (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld face sev]e        
difficulty 9 ma9ta9+ favorable balances 
( p[] relative to ! ,p's ,republic (    
,*9a 9 ,nor!a/ & ,s\!a/ ,asia2 &  7,c7 z
 ! balance ( p[] 9 ! ,indo-,pacific     
region %ift$ 9 favor ( ! ,p's ,republic 
( ,*9a1 ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a w\ld    
possess an increas+ ability-- 7i7 to    
impose its w ?r\gh\t ! ,indo-,pacific   
region1 includ+ by ?reat5+ or us+ =ce   
aga9/ ,japan1 ,s\? ,korea1 !            
,philipp9es1 & o!r allies & p>tn]s ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates2 &  7ii7 re/rict ,unit$   
,/ates access to key trade r\tes &      
m>kets 9 ! ,indo-,pacific region1 !reby 
impos+ sev]e economic h>d%ip on         
middle-class & work+-class ,am]icans &  
increas+ ! ability ( ! ,p's ,republic ( 
,*9a to intrude into political life 9 ! 
,unit$ ,/ates4  7#c7 ,!re is gr[+ conc]n
 t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a
 may conclude t ! cross-,/rait milit>y  

balance has tilt$ 9 its favor & laun* an
 invasion ( ,taiwan soon] ?an previ\sly 
anticipat$1 includ+ z foll[s3 7,a7 ,=m] 
,assi/ant to ! ,presid5t = ,national    
,security ,affairs ,h4,r4 ,mc,master    
te/ifi$ 9 ,m>* #bjbj t ,taiwan is ! mo/ 
significant fla%po9t n[ betwe5 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates & ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a4  7,b7 
,=m] ,comm&] ( ,unit$ ,/ates            
,indo-,pacific ,comm& ,admiral ,phil    
,davidson te/ifi$ 9 ,m>* #bjbj t ! ?reat
 ( an invasion by ! ,p's ,republic (    
,*9a ( ,taiwan is manife/ dur+ ?is      
decade1 9 fact 9 ! next six ye>s4  7,c7 
,comm&] ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,indo-,pacific  
,comm& ,admiral ,john ,aquil9o te/ifi$ 9
 ,m>* #bjbj t ! ?reat ( an invasion by !
 ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a ( ,taiwan is mu* 
clos] to u ?an mo/ ?9k & c\ld mat]ialize
 well be=e #bjce4  7#d7 ,def5se         
policymak]s & analy/s across multiple   
adm9i/rations h f\nd t1 if ! ,p's       
,republic ( ,*9a does invade ,taiwan1 ! 
invasion w likely take ! =m ( a fait    
accompli1 includ+ z foll[s3 7,a7 ,!     

,def5se ,sci5ce ,bo>d assess$ 9 ,june   
#bjah t ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a w       
attempt to a*ieve a decisive outcome v  
quickly1 pres5t+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates & its  
allies ) a fait accompli1 9 ! ev5t (    
conflict4  7,b7 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se  
,indo-,pacific ,/rategy ,report releas$ 
9 ,june #bjai f\nd t-- 7i7 if ! ,p's    
,republic ( ,*9a or ano!r /rategic      
competitor 9 ! ,indo-,pacific region    
decides to advance _! int]e/s ?r\gh =ce1
 !y are likely to enjoy a local milit>y 
advantage at ! onset ( conflict4 ,9 a   
fait accompli sc5>io1 competitors w\ld  
seek to employ _! capabilities quickly  
to a*ieve limit$ objectives & =e/all a  
response f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & its allies
 & p>tn]s2 &  7ii7 an attempt$ fait     
accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a or  
ano!r /rategy competitor w\ld con/itute 
"o ( ! mo/ /ress+ pot5tial sc5>ios fac+ 
! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces4  7,c7 ,!   
,tri-,s]vice ,m>itime ,/rategy releas$  
by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,navy1 ,unit$ ,/ates 
,m>9e ,corps1 & ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/     

,gu>d 9 ,decemb] #bjbj /at$1 ,9 ! ev5t (
 conflict1 ,*9a ''' w likely attempt to 
seize t]ritory be=e ! ,unit$ ,/ates &   
its allies c m\nt an effective          
response--lead+ to a fait accompli44    
7,d7 ,! ,army ,multi-,doma9             
,trans=mation /rategic guidance releas$ 
by ,army ,*ief ( ,/aff ,g5]al ,james    
,mc,conville 9 ,m>* #bjba /at$ t ,*9a & 
o!r adv]s>ies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates w seek  
to seize _! objectives quickly z a fait 
accompli1 if ! ,jo9t ,=ce _c pres5t     
cr$ible det]r5t options4  7,e7 ,!n-,act+
 ,secret>y ( ,def5se ,patrick ,%anahan  
te/ifi$ 9 ,m>* #bjai t ! ,gov]nm5t ( !  
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a is develop+       
capabilities t c\ld be us$ a*ieve a fait
 accompli t w\ld make rev]s+ ,*9ese ga9s
 m difficult1 milit>ily & politically4  
7,f7 ,special ,assi/ant to ! ,secret>y (
 ,def5se = ,*9a ,ely ,ratn] assess$ 9   
,janu>y #bjbj t ,*9a has made           
significant inve/m5ts 9 long-range ,,isr
 & /rike assets & ,*9a hopes ! ?reat (  
^! attacks w det] ,u4,s4 int]v5tion by  

negat+ a sub/antial portion ( ,u4,s4    
airp[] e>ly 9 a conflict1 !reby creat+  
"t & space = a fait accompli4  7,g7 ,=m]
 ,"u ,secret>y ( ,def5se = ,policy      
,mi*ele ,fl\rnoy w>n$ 9 ,june #bjbj t ! 
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a may 
believe ! ,unit$ ,/ates lacks ! milit>y 
capabilities t might be effective 9 !   
face ( ,a#b_/;,,ad & conclude t ,*9a    
%\ld move on ,taiwan soon] r ?an lat]1 a
 fait accompli t a weak5$ & di/ract$    
,unit$ ,/ates w\ld h to accept4  7#e7   
,!re is broad agreem5t t ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 %\ld ma9ta9 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,arm$ ,=ces to defeat a fait accompli  
by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1 includ+ z   
foll[s3 7,a7 ,! ,national ,def5se       
,/rategy ,commission assess$ 9 ,novemb] 
#bjah t compet+ successfully 9 !        
,indo-,pacific region1 :ile also manag+ 
escalation dynamics1 requires position+ 
sub/antial capability =w>d ''' to det] &
 prev5t a fait accompli by an agile1    
opportuni/ic adv]s>y4  7,b7 ,!n-,act+   
,secret>y ( ,def5se ,patrick ,%anahan   

te/ifi$ 9 ,m>* #bjai t implem5tation ( !
 #bjah ,national ,def5se ,/rategy 0     
requir$ to ensure ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h !  
capabilities1 po/ure1 & employm5t ( =ces
 necess>y to prev5t a fait accompli by !
 ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a4  7,c7 ,assi/ant 
to ! ,presid5t = ,national ,security    
,affairs ,jake ,sullivan & ,deputy      
,assi/ant to ! ,presid5t & ,coord9ator =
 ,indo-,pacific ,affairs ,kurt ,campbell
 w>n$ 9 ,septemb] #bjai t ,beij+ _c be  
all[$ to use ! ?reat ( =ce to pursue a  
fait accompli 9 t]ritorial disputes4    
7,d7 ,9 ,janu>y #bjbj1 ,secret>y (      
,def5se ,lloyd ,au/9 upheld ! assessm5t 
by ! ,indo-,pacific ,/rategy ,report t  
,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se initiatives on =ce  
employm5t1 crisis response1 =ce &       
concept developm5t1 & collaboration )   
allies & p>tn]s %\ld be aim$ to help    
address ?is critical *all5ge ( a        
pot5tial fait accompli sc5>io involv+ ! 
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a4  7,e7 ,deputy    
,secret>y ( ,def5se ,ka?le5 ,hicks      
te/ifi$ 9 ,febru>y #bjbj t ! ,p's       

,republic ( ,*9a is less likely to      
attempt a fait accompli aga9/ ,taiwan if
 x kn[s t ! ,unit$ ,/ates w be able to  
defeat su* an attempt1 & t ! ,unit$     
,/ates %\ld !re=e ma9ta9 ! ability to   
defeat a fait accompli by ! ,p's        
,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan4  7,f7   
,admiral ,davidson & ,admiral ,aquil9o  
te/ifi$ 9 ,m>* #bjbj t !y agre$ )       
,deputy ,secret>y ,hicks' /atem5ts1 & t 
! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld ma9ta9 ! ability to
 defeat a fait accompli by ! ,p's       
,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan 9 ord] to
 /r5g!n det]r5ce aga9/ su* a cont+5cy4  
7,g7 ,=m] ,"u ,secret>y ( ,def5se =     
,policy ,james ,mill] wrote 9 ,octob]   
#bjbj t ,u4,s4 def5se plann]s mu/ ma9ta9
 a las] focus on a sc5>io = :i* ,u4,s4  
=ces are ill-prep>$ today1 9 :i* ,*9a   
''' sees ! opportunity = a quick        
invasion ( a ,u4,s4 p>tn] or ally &     
attempt to impose a fait accompli t w\ld
 be co/ly & risky to rev]se4  7#f7 ,!re 
is likewise broad agreem5t t a /rategy (
 d5ial is ess5tial to det] or defeat a  

fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a
 aga9/ ,taiwan1 includ+ z foll[s3 7,a7  
,! #bjah ,national ,def5se ,/rategy     
task$ ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se ) po/ur+ &  
employ+ =ces to delay1 degrade1 or d5y  
adv]s>y aggression4  7,b7 ,secret>y (   
,def5se ,lloyd ,au/9 argu$ 9 ,janu>y    
#bjbj t a combat-cr$ible1 =w>d det]r5t  
po/ure is in/rum5tal to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
milit>y's ability to det]1 & if         
necess>y1 d5y a fait accompli sc5>io4   
7,c7 ,deputy ,secret>y ,hicks1 ,"u      
,secret>y ,kahl1 ,admiral ,davidson1 &  
,admiral ,aquil9o reaffirm$ ! emphasis  
by ,secret>y ,au/9 on d5ial & te/ifi$ t 
a /rategy ( d5ial is ess5tial = det]r+  
,*9ese aggression4  7,d7 ,! ,jo9t       
,op]at+ ,concept = ,det]r5ce ,op]ations 
releas$ 9 ,decemb] #bjag /ates t        
=w>d-deploy$ =ces contribute to d5y+    
b5efits & !reby r$uce ! likelihood ( an 
adv]s>y a*iev+ /rategic or tactical     
surprise1 ?us help+ to prev5t adv]s>y   
decision mak]s f conclud+ !y might      
a*ieve a milit>y fait accompli t c\ld be

 extremely co/ly = ! ,,u to rev]se by   
=ce4  7,e7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army's     
,multi-,doma9 ,op]ations concept docum5t
 releas$ 9 ,decemb] #bjah /ates t ,army 
=ces mu/ demon/rate ! capability to     
imm$iately d5y a fait accompli 9 ord] to
 det] a ne>-pe] adv]s>y4  7,f7 ,! ,m>9e 
,corps ,=ce ,design #bjcj report releas$
 9 ,m>* #bjbj /ates t =w>d-deploy$ =ces 
possess ! capability to attrite adv]s>y 
=ces1 enable jo9t =ce access            
requirem5ts1 complicate t>get+ & consume
 adv]s>y ,,isr res\rces1 & prev5t fait  
accompli sc5>ios4  7,g7 ,! ,tri-,s]vice 
,m>itime ,/rategy directs ! ,unit$      
,/ates ,navy1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,m>9e       
,corps1 & ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,gu>d to  
d5y adv]s>ies _! objectives1 defeat     
adv]s>y =ces :ile manag+ escalation1 &  
set ! conditions = favorable conflict   
t]m9ation4  7#g7 ,"u ! ,taiwan          
,relations ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ccja et 
seq471 x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
to consid] any ef=t to det]m9e ! future 
( ,taiwan by o!r ?an peaceful means to  

be ( grave conc]n to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1   
&-- 7,a7 ! ,taiwan ,relations ,act fur!r
 e/abli%es x z ! policy ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates to ma9ta9 ! capacity ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates to resi/ any resort to =ce or o!r
 =ms ( co]cion t w\ld jeop>dize !       
security1 or ! social or economic sy/em1
 ( ! p on ,taiwan2  7,b7 implem5tation (
 ! ,taiwan ,relations ,act !re=e        
requires ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ma9ta9 !    
ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to
 defeat a fait accompli by ! ,p's       
,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan2  7,c7   
s9ce #aigi1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t   
has consi/5tly upheld ! commitm5ts ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates "u ! ,taiwan ,relations   
,act2  7,d7 section #abfj ( ! ,william  
,m4 7,mac7 ,?ornb]ry ,national ,def5se  
,au?orization ,act = ,fiscal ,ye> #bjba 
7,public ,law #aaf-bhc7 reaffirms t !   
,taiwan ,relations ,act & ! ,six        
,assurances are ! corn]/ones ( ,unit$   
,/ates relations ) ,taiwan2  7,e7 !     
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate reaffirm$ 9 ,janu>y   
#bjba t the ,unit$ ,/ates ma9ta9s its   

long/&+ commitm5ts z outl9$ 9 ! ,?ree   
,communiques1 ! ,taiwan ,relations ,act1
 & ! ,six ,assurances1 & t ! commitm5t (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ,taiwan is          
rock-solid2  7,f7 a failure by ! ,unit$ 
,/ates to cont9ue to uphold all ( its   
obligations "u ! ,taiwan ,relations     
,act1 includ+ by cle>ly ma9ta9+ !       
ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to
 defeat a fait accompli by ! ,p's       
,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan1 c\ld    
draw into "q ! will+ness & ability ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates to uphold analog\s        
commitm5ts else:]e 9 ! ,indo-,pacific   
region2 &  7,g7 any su* loss (          
cr$ibility c\ld jeop>dize ! ability ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates to =ge & su/a9 ! coalition
 ( nations requir$ to ma9ta9 a favorable
 balance ( p[] aga9/ ! ,p's ,republic ( 
,*9a1 !reby d5y+ ! hegemonic ambitions (
 ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a4  #d4 ,s5se (  
congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t--   
7#a7 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to     
ma9ta9 a free & op5 ,indo-,pacific      
region w\ld be sev]ely compromis$ if !  

,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 7 able to invade &
 seize control ( ,taiwan1 ) sev]e       
implications = ! lives1 livelihoods1 &  
fre$oms ( work+ ,am]icans & ! allies &  
p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 !            
,indo-,pacific region2  7#b7 ! mo/      
effective way = ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 
to seize control ( ,taiwan is by way (  
invasion1 & an invasion ( ,taiwan by !  
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a is likely to take 
! =m ( a fait accompli2  7#c7           
implem5tation ( ! ,taiwan ,relations    
,act requires ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ma9ta9 
! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces 
to defeat a fait accompli by ! ,p's     
,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan1 &       
(ficials across multiple adm9i/rations h
 affirm$ t-- 7,a7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld  
ma9ta9 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$
 ,=ces to defeat a fait accompli by !   
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan2 &  
7,b7 a /rategy ( d5ial is ! mo/         
effective option = det]r+ or defeat+ a  
fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a
 aga9/ ,taiwan2  7#d7 ! ,dep>tm5t (     

,def5se has none!less /ruggl$ to        
consi/5tly focus suffici5t att5tion &   
res\rces on ma9ta9+ ! ability to d5y a  
fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a
 aga9/ ,taiwan1 & z a result-- 7,a7 !   
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a     
increas+ly believes t x may be able to  
laun* a successful fait accompli aga9/  
,taiwan z soon z #bjbg2 &  7,b7 !       
gov]nm5ts ( allies & p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates 9 ! ,indo-,pacific region may "q 
! w or ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to lead
 ef=ts to prev5t ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a
 f dom9at+ ! ,indo-,pacific region2 &   
7#e7 x %\ld !re=e be ! policy ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates to ma9ta9 ! ability ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to d5y a fait        
accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a     
aga9/ ,taiwan 9 ord] to-- 7,a7 ensure ! 
,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se adequately          
prioritizes ma9ta9+ ! ability to d5y a  
fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a
 aga9/ ,taiwan z x develops /rategies & 
plans & designs1 po/ures1 & employs !   
,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces2 &  7,b7 by   

do+ s1 cl>ify = ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's    
,republic ( ,*9a & o!r gov]nm5ts 9 !    
,indo-,pacific region t ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
ma9ta9s & w cont9ue to ma9ta9 ! ability 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to d5y a  
fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a
 aga9/ ,taiwan1 z requir$ by ! ,taiwan  
,relations ,act & 9 ord] to /r5g!n      
det]r5ce 9 ! ,indo-,pacific region4  #e4
 ,/atem5t ( policy ,x %all be ! policy (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ma9ta9 ! ability ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to d5y a fait
 accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a    
aga9/ ,taiwan4