,i  #aag? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #bdia  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,april #ac1 #bjba ,ms4
 ,/efanik 7= h]self1 ,ms4 ,foxx1 ,mrs4  
,mill]-,meeks1 ,mr4 ,mc,kinley1 ,mr4    
,latta1 ,mr4 ,buc%on1 ,mr4 ,diaz-,bal>t1
 ,mr4 ,bo/1 ,mr4 ,bacon1 ,mr4 ,?ompson (
 ,p5nsylvania1 ,mrs4 ,walorski1 ,mr4    
,g>b>9o1 ,mr4 ,/aub]1 ,mr4 ,zeld91 ,mrs4
 ,rodg]s ( ,wa%+ton1 ,mr4 ,au/9 ,scott (
 ,georgia1 ,mr4 ,burgess1 ,mr4 ,ne:\se1 
,mr4 ,mann1 ,mr4 ,wittman1 ,mr4 ,k9z+]1 
,mr4 ,ow5s1 ,ms4 ,malliotakis1 ,mr4     
,cole1 ,mr4 ,graves ( ,l\isiana1 ,mr4   
,womack1 ,ms4 ,grang]1 ,ms4 ,h]r]a      
,beutl]1 ,mr4 ,gonzalez ( ,ohio1 ,mr4   
,moore ( ,utah1 ,mr4 ,meus]1 ,mr4 ,joyce
 ( ,ohio1 ,mr4 ,caw?orn1 ,mr4 ,=t5b]ry1 
,mr4 ,gu?rie1 ,mrs4 ,sp>tz1 ,mr4 ,all51 
,mr4 ,curtis1 ,mr4 ,rodney ,davis (     
,ill9ois1 & ,mr4 ,amodei7 introduc$ !   
foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !          
,committee on ,education & ,labor  ,a   
,,bill  ,to am5d ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds  
,act ( #aich to enhance provisions      

relat$ to wage discrim9ation1 & = o!r   
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be ref]r$ to z ! ,wage ,equity ,act (  
#bjba4  #b4 ,f9d+s  7#a7 ,9 #aifc1      
,congress pass$ on a bip>tisan basis !  
,equal ,pay ,act ( #aifc to prohibit    
discrim9ation on acc\nt ( sex 9 ! paym5t
 ( wages = equal "w p]=m$ by employees =
 employ]s engag$ 9 comm]ce or 9 !       
production ( goods = comm]ce4  7#b7     
,foll[+ ! passage ( su* ,act1 9 #aifd1  
,congress pass$ on a bip>tisan basis !  
,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd4 ,s9ce !    
passage ( bo? ! ,equal ,pay ,act ( #aifc
 & ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd1 wom5 h
 made significant /rides1 bo? 9 !       
work=ce & 9 _! educational pursuits4    
7#c7 ,prior to ! ,,covid-#ai p&emic1 !re
 7 ov] #gg1jjj1jjj wom5 9 ! work=ce1 !  
mo/ 9 ,am]ican hi/ory4 ,( ! #b1jjj1jjj  
jobs creat$ 9 #bjai1 #ec p]c5t w5t to   
wom54 ,?is foll[s a tr5d t has be5 ris+ 
= "s "t4 ,wom5 are graduat+ f college at
 a high] rate ?an _! male c\nt] p>ts1   
mak+ up #fa p]c5t ( all college degrees 

conf]r$ 9 #bjah4 ,additionally1 accord+ 
to a rec5t survey ( work+ wom51 m ?an   
half are _! family's prim>y breadw9n]4  
7#d7 ,! ,,covid-#ai p&emic has _h a     
significant impact on work+ wom51       
result+ 9 ov] #b million wom5 leav+ !   
work=ce s9ce ,febru>y #bjbj4  7#e7      
,despite ^! advances !re is /ill conc]n 
among ! ,am]ican public t g5d]-bas$ wage
 discrim9ation has n be5 elim9at$4  #c4 
,cl>ify+ sex-bas$ discrim9ation         
prohibition ,section #f7;d77#a7 ( !     
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #bjf7;d77#a77 is am5d$ by     
ins]t+ bona fide bus9ess-relat$ aft] any
 o!r4  #d4 ,job & wage analysis ,section
 #af ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (     
#aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baf7 is am5d$ by  
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7f7  7#a7 ,an  
employ] %all n be liable 9 an action    
br\ght aga9/ ! employ] = a violation (  
section #f7;d7 if-- 7,a7 dur+ ! p]iod   
beg9n+ on ! date t is #c ye>s be=e !    
date on :i* ! action is br\ght & end+ on
 ! date t is #a day be=e ! date on :i* !

 action is br\ght1 su* employ] completes
 a job & wage analysis audit to det]m9e 
:e!r !re are diff]5tials 9 wage rates   
among su* employees t may violate       
section #f7;d72  7,b7 su* employ] takes 
reasonable /eps to rem$y any su*        
diff]5tials2  7,c7 su* job & wage       
analysis audit is conduct$ & su*        
reasonable /eps are tak5 9 good fai? to 
inve/igate :e!r any su* diff]5tials     
exi/2 &  7,d7 su* audit is reasonable 9 
detail & scope ) respect to ! size ( !  
employ]4  7#b7 ,a job & wage analysis   
audit "u ?is section & rem$ial action   
tak5 9 response to ! f9d+s ( su* audit--
  7,a7 may only be admissible by !      
employ] = ! purposes ( %[+-- 7i7 su*    
audit 0 conduct$2 &  7ii7 su* reasonable
 /eps 7 tak52 &  7,b7 %all n be         
discov]able or admissible = any o!r     
purpose 9 any claim aga9/ ! employ]4    
7#c7 ,an employ] :o has n complet$ a job
 & wage analysis audit "u ?is subsection
 %all n be subject to a negative or     
adv]se inf]5ce z a result ( n hav+      

complet$ su* audit4  7#d7 ,an employ] :o
 has complet$ a job & wage analysis     
audit t does n meet ! requirem5ts (     
subp>agraph 7,d7 ( p>agraph 7#a7 b      
o!rwise meets ! requirem5ts ( su*       
p>agraph %all n be liable = liquidat$   
damages "u section #af7;b74  7#e7 ,9 ?is
 section-- 7,a7 ! t]m job & wage        
analysis audit means an audit conduct$  
by ! employ] = ! purpose ( id5tify+ wage
 disp>ities among employees on ! basis (
 sex2 &  7,b7 ! t]m reasonable /eps1 )  
respect to diff]5tials 9 wages among    
employees t may violate section #f7;d71 
means /eps t are reasonable to address  
su* diff]5tials tak+ into acc\nt-- 7i7 !
 am\nt ( "t t has pass$ s9ce ! date on  
:i* ! audit 0 initiat$2  7ii7 ! nature &
 degree ( progress result+ f su*        
reasonable /eps t[>d compliance )       
section #f7;d7 comp>$ to ! numb] (      
employees ) respect to :om a violation  
may exi/ & ! am\nt ( ! wage rate        
diff]5tials among su* employees2 &      
7iii7 ! size & res\rces ( ! employ]4  4 

#e4 ,wage hi/ory2 discussion ( wages    
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bja et seq47 is
 am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #g !      
foll[+ new section3  #h4 ,provisions    
relat+ to wage hi/ory & discussion (    
wage  7a7 ,requirem5ts & prohibitions   
relat+ to wage hi/ory ,x %all be an     
unlawful practice = a p]son aft] ! date 
( enactm5t ( ! ,wage ,equity ,act (     
#bjba--  7#a7 to rely on ! wage hi/ory (
 a prospective employee-- 7,a7 9        
consid]+ ! prospective employee =       
employm5t1 includ+ by requir+ t ! wage  
hi/ory ( a prospective employee         
satisfies m9imum or maximum crit]ia z a 
condition ( be+ consid]$ = employm5t2 or
  7,b7 9 det]m9+ ! rate ( wage = su*    
prospective employee2 or  7#b7 to seek1 
or to require a prospective employee to 
disclose1 ! wage hi/ory ( su*           
prospective employee4  7b7 ,volunt>y    
disclosure exceptions  7#a7 ,9 g5]al    
,subsection 7a77#a7 %all n apply )      
respect to a prospective employee :o    

volunt>ily discloses ! wage hi/ory ( su*
 prospective employee4  7#b7 ,wage      
hi/ory v]ification ,not)/&+ subsection  
7a77#b71 a p]son may take actions       
necess>y to v]ify ! wage hi/ory ( a     
prospective employee if su* wage hi/ory 
is volunt>ily disclos$ to ! p]son by su*
 prospective employee4  7c7 ,prior      
inquiries ,subsection 7a7 %all n apply )
 respect to ! wage hi/ory ( an employee 
acquir$ by an employ] be=e ! date (     
enactm5t ( ! ,wage ,equity ,act ( #bjba1
 includ+ a curr5t employee's wage hi/ory
 ) ano!r employ] t 0 reque/$ & us$ to   
set an employee's />t+ wage be=e su*    
date & :i* is emb$d$ 9 an employee's pay
 & pay increases aft] su* date4  7d7    
,prohibitions relat+ to discussion (    
wages ,subject to subsection 7c71 x %all
 be an unlawful practice = an employ]-- 
7#a7 to prohibit an employee f inquir+  
ab\t1 discuss+1 or disclos+ ! wage (--  
7,a7 ! employee2 or  7,b7 any o!r       
employee ( ! employ] if su* employee has
 volunt>ily disclos$ ! wage ( su*       

employee2  7#b7 to prohibit an employee 
f reque/+ f ! employ] an explanation (  
diff]5tials 9 comp5sation among         
employees2 or  7#c7 to take an adv]se   
employm5t action aga9/ an employee =--  
7,a7 conduct describ$ "u p>agraphs 7#a7 
or 7#b72 or  7,b7 enc\rag+ employees to 
engage 9 conduct describ$ 9 su*         
p>agraphs4  7e7 ,limitations relat+ to  
discussion ( wages  7#a7 ,"t & place    
limitations ,an employ] may impose      
reasonable "t1 place1 & mann]           
limitations on conduct describ$ "u      
subsection 7c7 if su* limitations are   
writt5 & available to ea* employee4     
7#b7 ,involunt>y disclosure ,an employ] 
may prohibit an employee f discuss+ !   
wages ( any o!r employee if su* o!r     
employee did n volunt>ily disclose su*  
wages to ! employee discuss+ su* wages4 
7f7 ,pay expectation conv]sation ,no?+ 9
 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to prev5t a
 p]son f--  7#a7 inquir+ ab\t ! pay     
expectations ( a prospective employee2  
or  7#b7 provid+ in=mation to su*       

employee ab\t ! comp5sation & b5efits   
(f]$ 9 relation to ! position4  4  7b7  
,def9itions ,section #b ( ! ,fair ,labor
 ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4     
#bjb7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7z7 ! t]m prospective employee 
means an individual :o took an          
affirmative /ep to seek employm5t ) a   
p]son & :o is n curr5tly employ$ by su* 
p]son1 a p>5t1 subsidi>y1 pr$ecessor1 or
 relat$ company ( su* p]son1 or an      
employ] connect$ by a pur*ase agreem5t )
 su* p]son2 &  7aa7 ! t]m wage hi/ory   
means ! wages paid to ! prospective     
employee by ! prospective employee's    
curr5t employ] or any previ\s employ] ( 
su* employee4  4  7c7 ,retaliation      
,section #ae7;a77#c7 ( ! ,fair ,labor   
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#bae7;a77#c77 is am5d$--  7#a7 by ins]t+
 or prospective employee aft] any       
employee2 &  7#b7 by ins]t+ or          
prospective employee aft] su* employee4 
7d7 ,p5alty  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section     
#af7;b7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (  

#aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;b77 is am5d$ 
by ins]t+ ,any p]son :o violates !      
provisions ( section #h ) respect to an 
employee or prospective employee %all be
 liable to su* employee 9 an am\nt equal
 to ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! am\nt t !       
employee or prospective employee w\ld h 
receiv$ b = su* violation & ! am\nt     
receiv$ by su* employee or prospective  
employee1 & an additional equal am\nt z 
liquidat$ damages4 aft] tips unlawfully 
kept by ! employ]1 & 9 an additional    
equal am\nt z liquidat$ damages44  7#b7 
,civil monet>y p5alty ,section          
#af7;e77#b7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;e77#b77 is
 am5d$ by /rik+ #f & #g & ins]t+ #f1 #g1
 & #h4  #f4 ,negotiation skills         
education  7a7 ,program au?oriz$  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,labor1 aft]    
consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,education1
 is au?oriz$ to e/abli% & c>ry out a    
grant program4  7#b7 ,grants ,9 c>ry+   
out ! program "u p>agraph 7#a71 !       
,secret>y ( ,labor may make grants on a 

competitive basis to eligible entities  
to c>ry out negotiation skills education
 programs = ! purposes ( address+ wage  
disp>ities1 includ+ ?r\gh outrea* to    
wom5 & girls4  7#c7 ,eligible entities  
,to be eligible to receive a grant "u   
?is subsection1 an entity %all be a     
public ag5cy1 su* z a ,/ate1 a local    
gov]nm5t 9 a metropolitan /ati/ical area
 7z def9$ by ! ,(fice ( ,managem5t &    
,budget71 a ,/ate educational ag5cy1 or 
a local educational ag5cy1 a private    
nonpr(it organization1 or a             
community-bas$ organization4  7#d7      
,application ,to be eligible to receive 
a grant "u ?is subsection1 an entity    
%all submit an application to !         
,secret>y ( ,labor at su* "t1 9 su*     
mann]1 & conta9+ su* in=mation z !      
,secret>y ( ,labor may require4  7#e7   
,use ( funds ,an entity t receives a    
grant "u ?is subsection %all use ! funds
 made available ?r\gh ! grant to c>ry   
out an effective negotiation skills     
education program = ! purposes describ$ 

9 p>agraph 7#b74  7b7 ,incorporat+      
education into exi/+ programs ,!        
,secret>y ( ,labor & ! ,secret>y (      
,education %all issue regulations or    
policy guidance t provides = integrat+ !
 negotiation skills education1 to !     
ext5t practicable1 into programs        
au?oriz$ "u--  7#a7 9 ! case ( !        
,secret>y ( ,education1 ! ,elem5t>y &   
,second>y ,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj  
,u4,s4,c4 #fcja et seq471 ! ,c>l ,d4    
,p]k9s ,c>e] & ,te*nical ,education ,act
 ( #bjjf 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #bcja et seq471 
! ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj   
,u4,s4,c4 #ajja et seq471 & o!r programs
 c>ri$ out by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,education t
 ! ,secret>y ( ,education det]m9es to be
 appropriate2 &  7#b7 9 ! case ( !      
,secret>y ( ,labor1 ! ,work=ce          
,innovation & ,opportunity ,act 7#bi    
,u4,s4,c4 #caja et seq471 & o!r programs
 c>ri$ out by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor t !  
,secret>y ( ,labor det]m9es to be       
appropriate4  7c7 ,report ,n lat] ?an   
#ah mon?s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is  

,act1 & annually !reaft]1 ! ,secret>y ( 
,labor1 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y (  
,education1 %all prep>e & submit to     
,congress a report describ+ ! activities
 conduct$ "u ?is section & evaluat+ !   
effectiv5ess ( su* activities 9 a*iev+ !
 purposes ( ?is section4  #g4 ,,gao     
,/udy ,! ,comptroll] ,g5]al %all1 n lat]
 ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t 
( ?is ,act1 submit to ,congress a /udy  
on ! causes & effects (--  7#a7 wage    
disp>ities among m5 & wom52  7#b7 )     
respect to employees t leave ! work=ce =
 p>5tal reasons 7commonly ref]r$ to z ! 
,manag]'s ,gap71 ! impact on wages &    
opportunity pot5tial2 &  7#c7 !         
disp>ities 9 negotiation skills among m5
 & wom5 ^u ent]+ ! work=ce4