,,ia  #aag? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,h4 ,j4 ,,res4 #bi  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(  
,,repres5tatives  ,m>* #h1 #bjba,mr4    
,de,fazio 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,ru%1 ,mr4   
,coh51 ,mr4 ,cicill9e1 ,mr4 ,blum5au]1  
,mrs4 ,napolitano1 ,ms4 ,lee (          
,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,bey]1 ,ms4 ,s*ak[sky1  
,ms4 ,jackson ,lee1 & ,mr4 ,grijalva7   
submitt$ ! foll[+ jo9t resolution2 :i* 0
 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign       
,affairs1 & 9 addition to ! ,committee  
on ,rules1 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly  
det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* case =      
consid]ation ( su* provisions z fall )9 
! jurisdiction ( ! committee conc]n$    
,,jo9t ,,resolution  ,to am5d ! ,w>     
,p[]s ,resolution1 & = o!r purposes4    
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,w> ,p[]s ,am5dm5ts ( #bjba4  #b4     
,f9d+s & purpose  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress  
f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,9 response to      
uncon/itutional executive bran* actions 
t introduc$ ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces into    
ho/ilities )\t congressional            
au?orization1 ,congress pass$ ! ,w>     

,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #aeda  
et seq47 to cl>ify & /r5g!n its         
con/itutional w> p[]s au?orities4  7#b7 
,! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution rema9s a curr5t
 & con/itutionally valid law4 ,! ,w>    
,p[]s ,resolution includes ! au?ority ( 
,congress to remove ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ 
,=ces f unau?oriz$ engagem5t 9          
ho/ilities ?r\gh adoption ( a concurr5t 
resolution or passage ( a jo9t          
resolution4  7#c7 ,:ile ,congress       
possesses robu/ w> p[]s au?orities "u ! 
,con/itution & ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution1 
9 _m cases ! executive bran* has        
disreg>d$ ^! au?orities by introduc+    
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces into ho/ilities )\t 
congressional au?orization4  7b7        
,purpose ,! purpose ( ?is jo9t          
resolution is to-- 7#a7 reass]t         
,congress' con/itutional w> p[]s        
au?orities1 fur!r /r5g!n ! ,w> ,p[]s    
,resolution1 & end ! curr5t =ev] w>s ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates2 &  7#b7 prev5t !        
executive bran* f introduc+ ,unit$      
,/ates ,=ces into ho/ilities1 )         

exceptions 9 ! case ( an arm$ attack ^u 
or imm95t ?reat to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 its 
,=ces1 or its citiz5s ov]seas1 )\t      
au?orization f ,congress4  #c4 ,revision
 ( ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution ,! ,w> ,p[]s   
,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #aeda-aedh7  
is am5d$ by /rik+ out all aft] ! resolv+
 clause & ins]t+ 9 lieu !re( ! foll[+3  
#a4 ,%ort title2 purpose2 congressional 
legislative au?ority  7a7 ,%ort title   
,?is jo9t resolution may be cit$ z ! ,w>
 ,p[]s ,resolution4  7b7 ,purpose ,x is 
! purpose ( ?is jo9t resolution to      
fulfill ! int5t ( ! fram]s ( !          
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ensure 
t ! collective judgm5t ( bo? ! ,congress
 & ! ,presid5t w apply to-- 7#a7 !      
introduction ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces into 
ho/ilities2 &  7#b7 ! cont9u$ use (     
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9 ho/ilities4  7c7  
,congressional legislative au?ority     
,among ! p[]s grant$ to ! ,congress by !
 ,con/itution are-- 7#a7 ! p[] to decl>e
 w>2  7#b7 ! p[] ( ! purse 7,no ,money  
%all be drawn f ! ,treasury1 b 9        

,consequ5ce ( ,appropriations made by   
,law72 &  7#c7 ! p[] to make all laws   
necess>y & prop] = c>ry+ into execution 
n only its own p[]s b also all o!r p[]s 
ve/$ by ! ,con/itution 9 ! ,gov]nm5t ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates1 or 9 any dep>tm5t or    
(fic] !re(4  #b4 ,em]g5cy uses ( ,unit$ 
,/ates ,=ces 9 ho/ilities  7a7 ,9 g5]al 
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces may be introduc$    
into ho/ilities only z foll[s3 7#a7     
,decl>ation ( w> ,pursuant to a         
decl>ation ( w> by ! ,congress4  7#b7   
,specific /atutory au?orization  7,a7 ,9
 g5]al ,9 accordance ) a specific       
/atutory au?orization describ$ 9        
subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 ,specific       
/atutory au?orization describ$ ,a       
specific /atutory au?orization =        
introduction ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces into 
ho/ilities describ$ 9 ?is subp>agraph   
%all-- 7i7 provide = au?orization ( !   
use ( necess>y & appropriate milit>y =ce
 ) respect to su* use ( ,unit$ ,/ates   
,=ces2  7ii7 7,i7 cle>ly def9e ! ?reat t
 necessitates use ( su* milit>y =ce1 !  

mission & objectives t use ( su* milit>y
 =ce is au?oriz$ to a*ieve1 & id5tify   
ea* =eign c\ntry 9 :i* su* milit>y =ce  
is au?oriz$2  7,,ii7 cle>ly def9e !     
p>amet]s = :5 use ( su* milit>y =ce is  
no long] necess>y or appropriate2 &     
7,,iii7 cle>ly & specifically id5tify   
ea* =eign c\ntry & organiz$ arm$ gr\p ) 
respect to :i* su* milit>y =ce w be us$2
  7iii7 require ! ,presid5t to seek f ! 
,congress a subsequ5t specific /atutory 
au?orization = introduction ( ,unit$    
,/ates ,=ces into ho/ilities-- 7,i7 if--
 7aa7 ! ?reat or mission or objectives  
def9$ 9 clause 7ii77,i7 or ! li/ ( =eign
 c\ntries id5tifi$ 9 su* clause is to be
 exp&$2  7bb7 ! p>amet]s def9$ 9 clause 
7ii77,,ii7 are to be exp&$2 or  7cc7 !  
li/ ( =eign c\ntries or organiz$ arm$   
gr\ps id5tifi$ 9 clause 7ii77,,iii7 is  
to be exp&$2 &  7,,ii7 :i* %all include 
updat$ in=mation to ! in=mation requir$ 
by clause 7ii72 &  7iv7 provide =       
t]m9ation ( ! au?orization = su* use (  
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces n lat] ?an ! date t 

is #b ye>s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (   
su* au?orization unless ! ,congress     
enacts a jo9t resolution provid+ a      
subsequ5t specific au?orization = su*   
use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces4  7,c7 ,rule (
 con/ruction ,no?+ 9 subp>agraph 7,b7   
may be con/ru$ to au?orize ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,=ces to engage 9 ho/ilities aga9/ any 
=eign c\ntry or organiz$ arm$ gr\p t is 
n cle>ly & specifically id5tifi$ 9      
clause 7ii77,,iii7 ( su* subp>agraph4   
7#c7 ,arm$ attack on unit$ /ates ,to !  
ext5t necess>y & proportionate-- 7,a7 to
 repel an arm$ attack ^u ! ,unit$       
,/ates2 or  7,b7 to =e/all ! direct &   
imm95t ?reat ( su* an arm$ attack4  7#d7
 ,arm$ attack on ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces ,to
 ! ext5t necess>y & proportionate-- 7,a7
 to repel an arm$ attack aga9/ ,unit$   
,/ates ,=ces locat$ outside ! ,unit$    
,/ates2 or  7,b7 to =e/all ! direct &   
imm95t ?reat ( su* an arm$ attack4  7#e7
 ,evacuation ( unit$ /ates citiz5s ,to !
 ext5t necess>y to protect ,unit$ ,/ates
 citiz5s or nationals :ile evacuat+ !m z

 rapidly z possible f a situation1      
outside ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t directly &   
imm95tly ?reat5s _! lives or lib]ty &-- 
7,a7 ! ?reat5$ deprivation ( life or    
lib]ty is unlawful2 &  7,b7 9 a case :]e
 ! s\rce ( ! ?reat is )9 a =eign c\ntry1
 ! ?reat is support$ by ! gov]nm5t ( t  
c\ntry or ! gov]nm5t ( t c\ntry is      
unable or unwill+ to secure ! release ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates citiz5s or nationals4   
,! ,presid5t %all make e ef=t to t]m9ate
 any su* ?reat ?r\gh peaceful means )\t 
us+ ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces4 ,be=e us+      
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces to protect ,unit$   
,/ates citiz5s or nationals be+ evacuat$
 f a =eign c\ntry 9 accordance ) ?is    
p>agraph1 ! ,presid5t %all1 :]e         
possible1 obta9 ! cons5t ( ! gov]nm5t ( 
t c\ntry4  7b7 ,conditions on em]g5cy   
use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces ,any use (    
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9 accordance )      
p>agraph 7#c71 7#d71 or 7#e7 (          
subsection 7a7-- 7#a7 is subject to !   
requirem5ts ( sections #c1 #d1 & #e2 &  
7#b7 %all be limit$1 9 t]ms ( ,unit$    

,/ates ,=ces :i* are us$ & ! mann] 9 :i*
 !y are us$1 to su* use z is ess5tial 9 
ord] to a*ieve ! purpose describ$ 9 t   
p>agraph4  7c7 ,fund+ limitation ,funds 
appropriat$ or o!rwise made available "u
 any law may n be obligat$ or exp5d$ =  
any introduction1 o!r ?an an            
introduction describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces into ho/ilities4  
#c4 ,consultation betwe5 ! ,presid5t &  
,congress  7a7 ,requirem5ts =           
consultation  7#a7 ,! ,presid5t1 9 e    
possible in/ance1 %all consult ) !      
,congress be=e ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are  
introduc$ into ho/ilities 9 accordance )
 p>agraph 7#c71 7#d71 or 7#e7 ( section 
#b7;a74 ,aft] e su* introduction1 !     
,presid5t %all consult regul>ly ) !     
,congress until ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are 
no long] 9 ho/ilities4  7#b7 ,!         
,presid5t1 9 e possible in/ance1 %all   
consult ) ! ,congress-- 7,a7 be=e ,unit$
 ,/ates ,=ces are introduc$ into a =eign
 c\ntry :ile equipp$ = combat1 except = 
deploym5ts :i* relate solely to supply1 

replacem5t1 repair1 or tra9+ ( su* =ces2
 or  7,b7 be=e ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are  
introduc$ into a =eign c\ntry 9 :i* !re 
are already ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces equipp$ 
= combat if su* introduction w\ld       
sub/antially enl>ge ! numb] ( ,unit$    
,/ates ,=ces equipp$ = combat locat$ 9 t
 c\ntry or o!rwise sub/antially increase
 ! milit>y capabilities ( su* =ces4  7b7
 ,executive-,legislative consultative   
gr\p ,! consultation requir$ by         
subsection 7a7 %all include p>ticipation
 by-- 7#a7 ! ,presid5t1 ! ,secret>y (   
,/ate1 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 !         
,director ( ,c5tral ,intellig5ce1 !     
,director ( ,national ,intellig5ce1 & ^?
 s5ior executive bran* (ficials         
designat$ by ! ,presid5t2  7#b7 !       
,speak]1 ! ,m9ority lead] & ,majority   
lead]1 ! ,majority :ip & ,m9ority :ip1 !
 *air & rank+ memb] ( ! ,committee on   
,=eign ,affairs1 ! *air & rank+ memb] ( 
! ,committee on ,arm$ ,s]vices1 ! *air &
 rank+ memb] ( ! ,p]man5t ,select       
,committee on ,intellig5ce ( ! ,h\se (  

,repres5tatives1 & any o!r ,memb]s ( !  
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives designat$ by !  
,speak] or ! ,m9ority lead]2 &  7#c7 !  
,majority & ,m9ority lead]1 ! ,majority 
:ip & ,m9ority :ip1 ! *air & rank+ memb]
 ( ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations1 ! 
*air & rank+ memb] ( ! ,committee on    
,arm$ ,s]vices1 ! *air & rank+ memb] ( !
 ,select ,committee on ,intellig5ce ( ! 
,s5ate1 & any ,s5ator designat$ by !    
,majority or ,m9ority lead]4  7c7 ,:at  
consultation requires ,9 ord] to satisfy
 ! consultation requirem5t ( ?is        
section1 ! ,presid5t mu/ ask ,memb]s (  
,congress = _! advice & op9ions be=e !  
decision is made to introduce ,unit$    
,/ates ,=ces1 & 9 no ev5t lat] ?an #dh  
h\rs prior to introduction ( ,unit$     
,/ates ,=ces4 ,su* consultation requires
 t all in=mation relevant to ! situation
 mu/ be made available to ! ,memb]s (   
,congress be+ consult$4 ,! consultation 
requirem5t ( ?is section is n met1      
h[ev]1 if ! ,congress is m]ely in=m$    
ab\t ! situation4  #d4 ,reports to !    

,congress  7a7 ,report+ requirem5t ,!   
,presid5t %all submit ! report describ$ 
9 subsection 7b7 no lat] ?an #dh h\rs   
aft] ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are introduc$  
into ho/ilities 9 accordance ) p>agraph 
7#c71 7#d71 or 7#e7 ( section #b7;a74   
7b7 ,description ( report requir$ ,!    
report requir$ by subsection 7a7 is a   
writt5 report submitt$ by ! ,presid5t to
 ! ,speak] & ,m9ority ,lead] ( ! ,h\se (
 ,repres5tatives1 ! ,presid5t pro       
tempore & ,m9ority ,lead] ( ! ,s5ate1 & 
! ,executive-,legislative consultative  
gr\p describ$ 9 section #c7;b7 on ! same
 cal5d> day1 sett+ =?-- 7#a7 !          
circum/ances necessitat+ ! introduction 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces2  7#b7 ! specific 
con/itutional & legislative au?ority "u 
:i* su* introduction took place2  7#c7 !
 e/imat$ scope & duration ( ! ho/ilities
 or ! involvem5t ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces1 
z ! case may be1 & an id5tification (   
ea* =eign c\ntry & organiz$ arm$ gr\p   
aga9/ :i* ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are engag$
 9 ho/ilities1 includ+ ! =eign c\ntries 

& geographic locations ( su* ho/ilities2
 &  7#d7 ! e/imat$ co/ ( ! ho/ilities or
 ! involvem5t ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces1    
includ+ ! co/ ( any o!r res\rces involv$
 9 support+ su* ,=ces4  ,any su* report 
%all /ate expressly t x is be+ submitt$ 
pursuant to ?is section4  7c7           
,additional in=mation ,! ,presid5t %all 
provide su* o!r in=mation z ! ,congress 
may reque/ 9 ! fulfillm5t ( its         
con/itutional responsibilities ) respect
 to committ+ ! ,nation to w> & to ! use 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces abroad4 ,!        
,presid5t %all provide su* in=mation no 
lat] ?an #ad days aft] ! date on :i* !  
,presid5t receives su* reque/ f !       
,congress4  7d7 ,cont9u+ reports  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,:5ev] ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are 
introduc$ into ho/ilities ! ,presid5t   
%all1 s long z ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces      
cont9ue to be involv$ 9 ^? ho/ilities1  
report to ! ,congress p]iodically on !  
cont9u$ application ( ! matt]s describ$ 
9 p>agraphs 7#a71 7#b71 7#c71 & 7#d7 (  
subsection 7b71 includ+ ! /atus ( su*   

ho/ilities1 ! scope & e/imat$ duration (
 su* ho/ilities1 & ! e/imat$ co/ ( su*  
ho/ilities or ! involvem5t ( ,unit$     
,/ates ,=ces1 b 9 no ev5t %all !        
,presid5t report to ! ,congress less (t5
 ?an once e #cj days4  7#b7 ,=m ,!      
report requir$ by ?is section1 &        
p>ticul>ly ! matt]s describ$ 9          
subsection 7b77#c7 ( ! report1 %all be  
submitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m4 ,! report may
 conta9 a classifi$ annex4  #e4         
,congressional action ) respect to      
ho/ilities  7a7 ,receipt ( section      
#d7;a7 report ,ea* report submitt$      
pursuant to section #d7;a7 %all be      
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign        
,affairs ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives &  
to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( !
 ,s5ate = appropriate action4 ,if1 :5 ! 
report is transmitt$1 ! ,congress has   
adj\rn$ s9e die or has adj\rn$ = any    
p]iod 9 excess ( ?ree cal5d> days1 !    
,speak] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! 
,presid5t pro tempore ( ! ,s5ate1 if !y 
deem x advisable 7or if !y are petition$

 by at lea/ #cj p]c5t ( ! memb]%ip ( _! 
respective ,h\ses7 %all jo9tly reque/ ! 
,presid5t to conv5e ! ,congress 9 ord] t
 x may consid] ! report & take          
appropriate action pursuant to ?is      
section4  7b7 ,requirem5t = specific    
/atutory au?orization = cont9u$         
involvem5t  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,)9 #cj cal5d>
 days aft] ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are      
introduc$ into ho/ilities 9 accordance )
 p>agraph 7#c71 7#d71 or 7#e7 ( section 
#b7;a71 ! ,presid5t %all remove ,unit$  
,/ates ,=ces f ^? ho/ilities unless !   
,congress-- 7,a7 has decl>$ w>2  7,b7   
has enact$ a jo9t resolution provid+    
specific au?orization = su* use ( ,unit$
 ,/ates ,=ces z describ$ 9 p>agraph     
7#b72 or  7,c7 is unable to meet z a    
result ( an arm$ attack ^u ! ,unit$     
,/ates4  ,?is #cj-;day p]iod %all be    
ext5d$ = n m ?an an additional #ae days 
if ! ,presid5t det]m9es & c]tifies to ! 
,congress 9 writ+ t unavoidable milit>y 
necessity respect+ ! safety ( ,unit$    
,/ates ,=ces requires ! cont9u$ use (   

,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9 ! c\rse ( br++    
ab\t _! prompt removal f ho/ilities4    
7#b7 ,jo9t resolution describ$ ,a jo9t  
resolution provid+ specific au?orization
 = su* use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces        
describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,a7     
provide = au?orization ( ! use (        
necess>y & appropriate milit>y =ce )    
respect to su* use ( ,unit$ ,/ates      
,=ces2  7,b7 7i7 cle>ly def9e ! ?reat t 
necessitates use ( su* milit>y =ce1 !   
mission & objectives t use ( su* milit>y
 =ce is au?oriz$ to a*ieve1 & id5tify   
ea* =eign c\ntry 9 :i* su* milit>y =ce  
is au?oriz$2  7ii7 cle>ly def9e !       
p>amet]s = :5 use ( su* milit>y =ce is  
no long] necess>y or appropriate2 &     
7iii7 cle>ly & specifically id5tify ea* 
=eign c\ntry & organiz$ arm$ gr\p )     
respect to :i* su* milit>y =ce w be us$2
  7,c7 require ! ,presid5t to seek f !  
,congress a subsequ5t specific /atutory 
au?orization = introduction ( ,unit$    
,/ates ,=ces into ho/ilities-- 7i7 if-- 
7,i7 ! ?reat or mission or objectives   

def9$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b77i7 or ! li/ (  
=eign c\ntries id5tifi$ 9 su*           
subp>agraph is to be exp&$2  7,,ii7 !   
p>amet]s def9$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b77ii7   
are to be exp&$2 or  7,,iii7 ! li/ (    
=eign c\ntries or organiz$ arm$ gr\ps   
id5tifi$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b77iii7 is to  
be exp&$2 &  7ii7 :i* %all include      
updat$ in=mation to ! in=mation requir$ 
by subp>agraph 7,b72 &  7,d7 provide =  
t]m9ation ( ! au?orization = su* use (  
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces n lat] ?an ! date t 
is #b ye>s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (   
su* au?orization unless ! ,congress     
enacts a jo9t resolution provid+ a      
subsequ5t specific au?orization = su*   
use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces4  7c7 ,fund+  
limitation ,unless "o ( ! numb]$        
p>agraphs ( subsection 7b7 applies1 aft]
 ! expiration ( ! p]iod specifi$ 9 t    
subsection 7includ+ any ext5sion ( t    
p]iod 9 accordance ) t subsection71     
funds appropriat$ or o!rwise made       
available "u any law may n be obligat$  
or exp5d$ to cont9ue ! involvem5t (     

,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9 ! ho/ilities4 ,?is
 subsection does n1 h[ev]1 prohibit !   
use ( funds to remove ,unit$ ,/ates     
,=ces f ho/ilities4  #f4 ,congressional 
exp$it$ proc$ures  7a7 ,resolutions     
subject to proc$ures ,z us$ 9 ?is       
section1 ! t]m privileg$ resolution     
means a jo9t resolution-- 7#a7 t        
provides specific au?orization = ! use (
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9 ho/ilities1 s    
long z t resolution conta9s only        
provisions :i* are relevant to ^?       
ho/ilities2 &  7#b7 t is introduc$ aft] 
! ,presid5t has submitt$ a writt5 reque/
 to ! ,congress = enactm5t ( su* an     
au?orization ) respect to ^? or relat$  
ho/ilities4  7b7 ,proc$ure 9 h\se (     
repres5tatives  7#a7 ,?is subsection    
applies to ! consid]ation ( a privileg$ 
resolution 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 
7#b7 ,a privileg$ resolution introduc$ 9
 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives %all be      
ref]r$1 ^u introduction1 to ! ,committee
 on ,=eign ,affairs4 ,a privileg$       
resolution %all n be sequ5tially ref]r$4

  7#c7 7,a7 ,if1 at ! end ( #aj cal5d>  
days aft] ! introduction ( a privileg$  
resolution1 ! ,committee on ,=eign      
,affairs has n report$ t resolution1 t  
committee %all be dis*>g$ f fur!r       
consid]ation ( t resolution & t         
resolution %all be consid]$ a privileg$ 
resolution & plac$ on ! appropriate     
cal5d> ( ! ,h\se4  7,b7 ,aft] a         
privileg$ resolution has be5 plac$ on ! 
appropriate cal5d>1 no o!r resolution ) 
respect to ! same or relat$ ho/ilities  
may be report$ by or be dis*>g$ f any   
committee "u ?is subsection :ile ! fir/ 
resolution-- 7i7 is be=e ! ,h\se (      
,repres5tatives 7includ+ rema9+ on !    
cal5d>72  7ii7 is be=e ! ,s5ate 7includ+
 rema9+ on ! cal5d>7 unless ! ,s5ate has
 _h a vote on f9al passage ) respect to 
! resolution & a majority ( ^? vot+ did 
n vote 9 ! affirmative2  7iii7 is be=e a
 committee ( conf]5ce or o!rwise await+ 
disposition ( am5dm5ts betwe5 ! ,h\ses2 
or  7iv7 is await+ transmittal to !     
,presid5t or is be=e ! ,presid5t4  7#d7 

7,a7 7i7 ,at any "t aft] a privileg$    
resolution has be5 plac$ on !           
appropriate cal5d>1 x is 9 ord] = any   
,memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives to   
move t ! ,h\se resolve itself into !    
,committee ( ! ,:ole ,h\se on ! ,/ate ( 
! ,union = ! consid]ation ( t           
resolution4 ,! motion is highly         
privileg$4  7ii7 ,! motion "u clause 7i7
 is 9 ord] ev5 if a previ\s motion to ! 
same effect has be5 disagre$ to4  7,b7  
,all po9ts ( ord] aga9/ a privileg$     
resolution & consid]ation ( ! resolution
 are waiv$4 ,if ! motion "u subp>agraph 
7,a7 is agre$ to1 ! privileg$ resolution
 %all rema9 ! unf9i%$ bus9ess ( ! ,h\se 
until dispos$ (1 to ! exclusion ( all   
o!r bus9ess1 except z provid$ 9 p>agraph
 7#e77;,a74 ,a motion to reconsid] !    
vote by :i* ! motion describ$ 9         
subp>agraph 7,a7 is disagre$ to is n 9  
ord]4  7,c7 ,g5]al debate on a privileg$
 resolution %all n exce$ #d h\rs1 :i*   
%all be divid$ equally betwe5 a ,memb]  
favor+ & a ,memb] oppos+ ! resolution4  

7,d7 7i7 ,at ! conclusion ( g5]al       
debate1 a privileg$ resolution %all be  
consid]$ = am5dm5t "u ! #e-m9ute rule4  
7ii7 ,debate on all am5dm5ts %all n     
exce$ #ab h\rs4 ,aft] ! expiration ( t  
p]iod1 no fur!r am5dm5ts %all be 9 ord]4
  7iii7 ,except z provid$ 9 ! next      
s5t5ce1 debate on ea* am5dm5t1 & any    
am5dm5ts !reto1 %all n exce$ "o h\r4 ,if
 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs reports
 an am5dm5t 9 ! nature ( a sub/itute to 
! text ( a privileg$ resolution1 t      
am5dm5t %all be consid]$ to be orig9al  
text = purposes ( am5dm5t & debate on   
ea* am5dm5t to t am5dm5t1 & any am5dm5ts
 !reto1 %all n exce$ "o h\r4  7,e7 ,at !
 conclusion ( consid]ation ( am5dm5ts to
 a privileg$ resolution1 ! ,committee ( 
! ,:ole %all rise & report ! resolution 
back to ! ,h\se1 & ! previ\s "q %all be 
consid]$ z ord]$ on ! resolution1 ) any 
am5dm5ts adopt$ 9 ! ,committee ( !      
,:ole1 to f9al passage )\t int]v5+      
motion1 except "o motion to recommit )  
or )\t in/ructions4  7#e7 7,a7 ,except z

 provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 if1 be=e ! 
passage by ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( a
 privileg$ resolution ( ! ,h\se1 ! ,h\se
 receives a privileg$ resolution f !    
,s5ate ) respect to ! same or relat$    
ho/ilities1 !n ! foll[+ proc$ures %all  
apply3 7i7 ,! resolution ( ! ,s5ate %all
 n be ref]r$ to a committee4  7ii7 ,)   
respect to ! privileg$ resolution ( !   
,h\se-- 7,i7 ! proc$ure 9 ! ,h\se %all  
be ! same z if no resolution _h be5     
receiv$ f ! ,s5ate2 b  7,,ii7 ! vote on 
f9al passage %all be on ! resolution ( !
 ,s5ate 7if ! resolutions are id5tical71
 or on ! resolution ( ! ,s5ate 7if !y   
are n id5tical7 ) ! text ( ! resolution 
( ! ,h\se ins]t$ 9 lieu ( ! text ( !    
resolution ( ! ,s5ate2 & ! vote on f9al 
passage %all occur )\t debate or any    
int]v5+ action4  7iii7 ,^u disposition (
 a privileg$ resolution receiv$ f !     
,s5ate1 consid]ation ( ! privileg$      
resolution ( ! ,h\se %all no long] be   
privileg$ "u ?is section4  7,b7 ,if !   
,h\se receives f ! ,s5ate a privileg$   

resolution be=e any privileg$ resolution
 is introduc$ 9 ! ,h\se ) respect to !  
same or relat$ ho/ilities1 !n !         
resolution ( ! ,s5ate %all be ref]r$ to 
! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs1 & !    
proc$ures 9 ! ,h\se ) respect to t      
resolution %all be ! same "u ?is        
subsection z if ! resolution receiv$ _h 
be5 introduc$ 9 ! ,h\se4  7,c7 ,if !    
,h\se receives f ! ,s5ate a privileg$   
resolution aft] ! ,h\se has dispos$ ( an
 id5tical privileg$ resolution1 x %all  
be 9 ord] to proce$ by a highly         
privileg$1 nondebatable motion to       
consid]ation ( ! resolution ( ! ,s5ate1 
& t resolution %all be dispos$ ( )\t    
debate & )\t am5dm5t4  7#f7 ,a motion to
 disagree to am5dm5ts ( ! ,s5ate to a   
privileg$ resolution ( ! ,h\se & reque/ 
or agree to a conf]5ce ) ! ,s5ate1 or a 
motion to insi/ on ! ,h\se am5dm5ts to a
 privileg$ resolution ( ! ,s5ate &      
reque/ or agree to a conf]5ce ( !       
,s5ate1 is highly privileg$4  7#g7 7,a7 
,if ! conf]ees are unable to agree on   

resolv+ ! diff]5ces betwe5 ! two ,h\ses 
) respect to a privileg$ resolution )9  
#gb h\rs aft] ! second ,h\se is notifi$ 
t ! fir/ ,h\se has agre$ to conf]5ce1 !y
 %all report back to _! respective ,h\se
 9 disagreem5t4  7,b7 ,not)/&+ any rule 
( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives conc]n+ !   
pr9t+ ( conf]5ce reports 9 !            
,congressional ,record or conc]n+ any   
delay 9 ! consid]ation ( su* reports1 a 
conf]5ce report ) respect to a privileg$
 resolution1 includ+ a report fil$ 9    
disagreem5t1 %all be act$ on 9 ! ,h\se (
 ,repres5tatives n lat] ?an #b session  
days aft] ! fir/ ,h\se files ! report   
or1 9 ! case ( ! ,h\se act+ fir/1 !     
report has be5 available = #b h\rs4 ,!  
conf]5ce report 7& any am5dm5t report$ 9
 disagreem5t7 %all be deem$ to h be5    
read4 ,debate on su* a conf]5ce report  
%all be limit$ to #c h\rs1 equally      
divid$ betwe51 & controll$ by !         
,majority ,lead] & ! ,m9ority ,lead] 7or
 _! designees74  7,c7 ,z us$ 9          
subp>agraph 7,b71 ! t]m session day     

means a day on :i* ! ,h\se (            
,repres5tatives conv5es4  7#h7 ,?is     
subsection is enact$ by ! ,h\se (       
,repres5tatives-- 7,a7 z an ex]cise ( ! 
rulemak+ p[] ( ! ,h\se (                
,repres5tatives1 & z su* x is deem$ a "p
 ( ! ,rules ( ! ,h\se1 b applicable only
 ) respect to ! proc$ure to be foll[$ 9 
! ,h\se 9 ! case ( a privileg$          
resolution1 & x sup]s$es o!r rules only 
to ! ext5t t x is inconsi/5t ) su*      
rules2 &  7,b7 ) full recognition ( !   
con/itutional "r ( ! ,h\se to *ange its 
rules 7s f> z relat+ to ! proc$ure ( !  
,h\se7 at any "t1 9 ! same mann]1 & to !
 same ext5t z 9 ! case ( any o!r rule ( 
! ,h\se4  7c7 ,proc$ures 9 ! s5ate  7#a7
 ,?is subsection applies to !           
consid]ation ( a privileg$ resolution 9 
! ,s5ate4  7#b7 ,= purposes ( ?is       
subsection1 ! t]m session days means    
days on :i* ! ,s5ate is 9 session4  7#c7
 ,a privileg$ resolution introduc$ 9 !  
,s5ate %all be ref]r$ to ! ,committee on
 ,=eign ,relations4  7#d7 7,a7 ,if !    

,committee on ,=eign ,relations has n   
report$ a privileg$ resolution 7or an   
id5tical resolution7 at ! end ( #g      
cal5d> days aft] ! introduction ( t     
resolution1 t committee %all be dis*>g$ 
f fur!r consid]ation ( t resolution1 & t
 resolution %all be plac$ on !          
appropriate cal5d> ( ! ,s5ate4  7,b7    
,aft] a committee reports or is dis*>g$ 
f a privileg$ resolution1 no o!r        
resolution ) respect to ! same or relat$
 ho/ilities may be report$ by or be     
dis*>g$ f su* committee :ile ! fir/     
resolution-- 7i7 is be=e ! ,s5ate       
7includ+ rema9+ on ! cal5d>72  7ii7 is  
be=e ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives 7includ+ 
rema9+ on ! cal5d>71 unless ! ,h\se has 
_h a vote on f9al passage ) respect to !
 resolution & a majority ( ^? vot+ did n
 vote 9 ! affirmative2  7iii7 is be=e a 
committee ( conf]5ce or o!rwise await+  
disposition ( am5dm5ts betwe5 ! ,h\ses2 
or  7iv7 is await+ transmittal to !     
,presid5t or is be=e ! ,presid5t4  7#e7 
7,a7 7i7 ,:5 ! committee to :i* a       

privileg$ resolution is ref]r$ has      
report$1 or has be5 dis*>g$ "u p>agraph 
7#d7 f fur!r consid]ation ( t           
resolution1 x is at any "t !reaft] 9    
ord] 7ev5 ?\gh a previ\s motion to !    
same effect has be5 disagre$ to7 = any  
,memb] ( ! ,s5ate to move to proce$ to !
 consid]ation ( ! resolution1 not)/&+   
any rule or prec$5t ( ! ,s5ate1 includ+ 
,rule #bb4 ,except z provid$ 9 clause   
7ii7 ( ?is subp>agraph or subp>agraph   
7,b7 ( ?is p>agraph 7ins(> z x relates  
to g]man5ess & relevancy ( am5dm5ts71   
all po9ts ( ord] aga9/ a privileg$      
resolution & consid]ation ( ! resolution
 are waiv$4 ,! motion is privileg$ & is 
n debatable4 ,! motion is n subject to a
 motion to po/pone4 ,a motion to        
reconsid] ! vote by :i* ! motion is     
agre$ to or disagre$ to %all be 9 ord]1 
except t su* motion may n be ent]$ =    
future disposition4 ,if a motion to     
proce$ to ! consid]ation ( a privileg$  
resolution is agre$ to1 ! resolution    
%all rema9 ! unf9i%$ bus9ess ( ! ,s5ate1

 to ! exclusion ( all o!r bus9ess1 until
 dispos$ (1 except z o!rwise provid$ 9  
p>agraph 7#f77;,a74  7ii7 ,:5ev] a po9t 
( ord] is rais$ 9 ! ,s5ate aga9/ !      
privileg$ /atus ( a resolution t has be5
 laid be=e ! ,s5ate & be5 initially     
id5tifi$ z privileg$ = consid]ation "u  
?is subsection ^u its introduction1 su* 
po9t ( ord] %all be submitt$ directly to
 ! ,s5ate4 ,! po9t ( ord]1 ,! resolution
 is n privileg$ "u ! ,w> ,p[]s          
,resolution1 %all be decid$ by ! yeas & 
! nays aft] f\r h\rs ( debate1 equally  
divid$ betwe51 & controll$ by1 ! ,memb] 
rais+ ! po9t ( ord] & ! manag] ( !      
resolution1 except t 9 ! ev5t ! manag]  
is 9 favor ( su* po9t ( ord]1 ! "t 9    
opposition !reto %all be controll$ by ! 
,m9ority ,lead] or 8 designee4 ,su* po9t
 ( ord] %all n be consid]$ to e/abli%   
prec$5t = det]m9ation ( future cases4   
7,b7 7i7 ,consid]ation 9 ! ,s5ate ( a   
privileg$ resolution1 & all am5dm5ts &  
debatable motions 9 connection !re)1    
%all be limit$ to n m ?an #ab h\rs1 :i*1

 except z o!rwise provid$ 9 ?is         
subsection1 %all be equally divid$      
betwe51 & controll$ by1 ! ,majority     
,lead] & ! ,m9ority ,lead]1 or by _!    
designees4 ,! ,majority ,lead] or !     
,m9ority ,lead] or _! designees may1 f !
 "t "u _! control on ! resolution1 allot
 additional "t to any ,s5ator dur+ !    
consid]ation ( any am5dm5t1 debatable   
motion1 or appeal4  7ii7 ,only am5dm5ts 
:i* are g]mane & relevant to a privileg$
 resolution are 9 ord]4  7iii7 ,debate  
on any am5dm5t to a privileg$ resolution
 %all be limit$ to two h\rs1 except t   
?is limitation does n apply to an       
am5dm5t 9 ! nature ( a sub/itute to !   
text ( ! resolution t is report$ by !   
,committee on ,=eign ,relations4 ,debate
 on any am5dm5t to an am5dm5t %all be   
limit$ to #a h\r4  7iv7 ,! "t ( debate =
 ea* am5dm5t %all be equally divid$     
betwe51 & controll$ by1 ! mov] ( !      
am5dm5t & ! manag] ( ! resolution1      
except t 9 ! ev5t ! manag] is 9 favor ( 
any su* am5dm5t1 ! "t 9 opposition !reto

 %all be controll$ by ! ,m9ority ,lead] 
or 8 designee4  7v7 ,"o am5dm5t by !    
,m9ority ,lead] is 9 ord] to be (f]$ "u 
a #a-;h\r "t limitation imm$iately      
foll[+ ! expiration ( ! #ab-;h\r "t     
limitation if ! ,m9ority ,lead] has _h  
no opportunity prior !reto to (f] an    
am5dm5t to ! privileg$ resolution4 ,"o  
am5dm5t may be (f]$ to ! am5dm5t ( !    
,m9ority ,lead] "u ! prec$+ s5t5ce1 &   
debate %all be limit$ on su* am5dm5t to 
"o-half h\r :i* %all be equally divid$  
betwe51 & controll$ by1 ! mov] ( !      
am5dm5t & ! manag] ( ! resolution1      
except t 9 ! ev5t ! manag] is 9 favor ( 
any su* am5dm5t1 ! "t 9 opposition !reto
 %all be controll$ by ! ,m9ority ,lead] 
or 8 designee4  7vi7 ,a motion to       
po/pone or a motion to recommit a       
privileg$ resolution is n 9 ord]4 ,a    
motion to reconsid] ! vote by :i* a     
privileg$ resolution is agre$ to or     
disagre$ to is 9 ord]1 except t su*     
motion may n be ent]$ = future          
disposition1 & debate on su* motion %all

 be limit$ to #a h\r4  7,c7 ,:5ev] all !
 "t = debate on a privileg$ resolution  
has be5 us$ or yield$ back1 no fur!r    
am5dm5ts may be propos$1 except z       
provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b77iii71 & !    
vote on ! adoption ( ! resolution %all  
occur )\t any int]v5+ motion or am5dm5t1
 except t a s+le quorum call at !       
conclusion ( ! debate if reque/$ 9      
accordance ) ! ,rules ( ! ,s5ate may    
occur imm$iately be=e su* vote4  7,d7   
,appeals f ! decisions ( ! ,*air relat+ 
to ! application ( ! ,rules ( ! ,s5ate  
to ! proc$ure relat+ to a privileg$     
resolution %all be limit$ to "o-half h\r
 ( debate1 equally divid$ betwe51 &     
controll$ by1 ! ,memb] mak+ ! appeal & !
 manag] ( ! resolution1 except t 9 !    
ev5t ! manag] is 9 favor ( any su*      
appeal1 ! "t 9 opposition !reto %all be 
controll$ by ! ,m9ority ,lead] or 8     
designee4  7#f7 7,a7 ,except z provid$ 9
 subp>agraph 7,b71 if1 be=e ! passage by
 ! ,s5ate ( a privileg$ resolution ( !  
,s5ate1 ! ,s5ate receives a privileg$   

resolution f ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives )
 respect to ! same or relat$ ho/ilities1
 !n ! foll[+ proc$ures %all apply3 7i7  
,! privileg$ resolution ( ! ,h\se (     
,repres5tatives %all n be ref]r$ to a   
committee4  7ii7 ,) respect to !        
privileg$ resolution ( ! ,s5ate-- 7,i7 !
 proc$ure 9 ! ,s5ate %all be ! same z if
 no resolution _h be5 receiv$ f ! ,h\se 
( ,repres5tatives2 b  7,,ii7 !          
resolution ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives  
%all be consid]$ to h be5 read = ! ?ird 
"t2 ! vote on f9al passage %all be on ! 
resolution ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives  
7if su* resolutions are id5tical7 or on 
! resolution ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives
 7if n id5tical71 ) ! text ( !          
resolution ( ! ,s5ate ins]t$ 9 lieu ( ! 
text ( ! resolution ( ! ,h\se (         
,repres5tatives2 & su* vote on f9al     
passage %all occur )\t debate or any    
int]v5+ action4  7iii7 ,^u disposition (
 a privileg$ resolution receiv$ f !     
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 x %all no long]
 be 9 ord] to consid] ! resolution      

orig9at$ 9 ! ,s5ate4  7,b7 ,if ! ,s5ate 
receives a privileg$ resolution f !     
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives be=e any        
privileg$ resolution is introduc$ 9 !   
,s5ate ) respect to ! same or relat$    
ho/ilities1 !n ! resolution receiv$ %all
 be ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign    
,relations1 & ! proc$ures 9 ! ,s5ate )  
respect to t resolution %all be ! same  
"u ?is section z if ! resolution receiv$
 _h be5 introduc$ 9 ! ,s5ate4  7#g7 ,if 
! ,s5ate receives a privileg$ resolution
 f ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives aft] !     
,s5ate has dispos$ ( an id5tical        
privileg$ resolution1 x %all be 9 ord]  
to proce$ by nondebatable motion to     
consid]ation ( ! resolution receiv$ by !
 ,s5ate1 & t resolution %all be dispos$ 
( )\t debate & )\t am5dm5t4  7#h7 7,a7  
7i7 ,! "t = debate 9 ! ,s5ate on all    
motions requir$ = ! disposition (       
am5dm5ts betwe5 ! ,h\ses %all n exce$ #b
 h\rs1 equally divid$ betwe51 &         
controll$ by1 ! mov] ( ! motion & !     
manag] ( ! resolution at ea* /age ( !   

proce$+s betwe5 ! two ,h\ses1 except t 9
 ! ev5t ! manag] is 9 favor ( any su*   
motion1 ! "t 9 opposition !reto %all be 
controll$ by ! ,m9ority ,lead] or 8     
designee4 ,9 ! case ( any disagreem5t   
betwe5 ! two ,h\ses ( ,congress )       
respect to a privileg$ resolution :i* is
 n resolv$1 any ,s5ator may make any    
motion or motions ref]r$ to 9 ?is clause
 )9 #b session days aft] action by !    
second ,h\se or be=e ! appo9tm5t (      
conf]ees1 :i*ev] comes fir/4  7ii7 ,9 ! 
ev5t ! conf]ees are unable to agree )9  
#gb h\rs aft] ! second ,h\se is notifi$ 
t ! fir/ ,h\se has agre$ to conf]5ce1 !y
 %all report back to _! respective ,h\se
 9 disagreem5t4  7iii7 ,not)/&+ any rule
 9 ! ,s5ate conc]n+ ! pr9t+ ( conf]5ce  
reports 9 ! ,congressional ,record or   
conc]n+ any delay 9 ! consid]ation ( su*
 reports1 su* report1 includ+ a report  
fil$ or return$ 9 disagreem5t1 %all be  
act$ on 9 ! ,s5ate n lat] ?an #b session
 days aft] ! fir/ ,h\se files ! report  
or1 9 ! case ( ! ,s5ate act+ fir/1 !    

report is fir/ made available on ! desks
 ( ! ,s5ators4 ,debate 9 ! ,s5ate on a  
conf]5ce report or a report fil$ or     
return$ 9 disagreem5t on any su*        
resolution %all be limit$ to #c h\rs1   
equally divid$ betwe51 & controll$ by1 !
 ,majority ,lead] & ! ,m9ority ,lead]1 &
 _! designees4  7,b7 ,if a privileg$    
resolution is veto$ by ! ,presid5t1 ! "t
 = debate 9 consid]ation ( ! veto       
message on su* measure %all be limit$ to
 #bj h\rs 9 ! ,s5ate1 equally divid$    
betwe51 & controll$ by1 ! ,majority     
,lead] & ! ,m9ority ,lead]1 & _!        
designees4  7#i7 ,?is subsection is     
enact$ by ! ,s5ate-- 7,a7 z an ex]cise (
 ! rulemak+ p[] ( ! ,s5ate1 z su* x is  
deem$ a "p ( ! ,rules ( ! ,s5ate b      
applicable only ) respect to ! proc$ure 
to be foll[$ 9 ! ,s5ate 9 ! case ( a    
privileg$ resolution1 & x sup]s$es o!r  
rules only to ! ext5t t x is inconsi/5t 
) su* rules2 &  7,b7 ) full recognition 
( ! con/itutional "r ( ! ,s5ate to *ange
 its rules 7s f> z relat+ to ! proc$ure 

( ! ,s5ate7 at any "t1 9 ! same mann]1 &
 to ! same ext5t z 9 ! case ( any o!r   
rule ( ! ,s5ate4  #g4 ,judicial review  
7a7 ,/&+ ( memb]s ( ,congress ,any      
,memb] ( ,congress may br+ an action 9 !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = !       
,di/rict ( ,columbia = decl>atory       
judgm5t & injunctive relief on ! gr\nd t
 ! ,presid5t or ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces h n 
compli$ ) any provision ( ?is jo9t      
resolution4  7b7 ,ju/iciability ,9 any  
action describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 ! c\rt
 %all n decl9e to make a det]m9ation on 
! m]its on ! gr\nd t ! issue (          
compliance is a political "q or is      
o!rwise nonju/iciable4  7c7             
,congressional int5t ,not)/&+ ! numb]1  
position1 or p>ty affiliation ( any     
pla9tiffs 9 an action describ$ 9        
subsection 7a71 x is ! int5t ( !        
,congress t ! c\rt-- 7#a7 inf]          
congressional disapproval ( ! involvem5t
 ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9 ho/ilities2 &  
7#b7 f9d t an impasse exi/s betwe5 !    
,congress & ! executive bran* :i*       

requires judicial resolution4  7d7      
,exp$it$ consid]ation ,any c\rt 9 :i* an
 action describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 is    
he>d %all accord su* action ! highe/    
priority & %all ann\nce its judgm5t z   
spe$ily z ! requirem5ts ( article ,,iii 
( ! ,con/itution p]mit4  7e7 ,judicial  
rem$y  7#a7 ,if ! c\rt 9 an action      
describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 f9ds t !      
,presid5t has fail$ to submit a report  
requir$ by section #d7;a7 ( ?is jo9t    
resolution1 ! c\rt %all-- 7,a7 direct ! 
,presid5t to submit t report2 &  7,b7   
specify ! date on :i* ,unit$ ,/ates     
,=ces 7 introduc$ into ho/ilities4  7#b7
 ,if ! c\rt 9 an action describ$ 9      
subsection 7a7 f9ds t section #b or     
section #e7;b7 ( ?is jo9t resolution has
 be5 violat$1 ! c\rt %all direct !      
,presid5t to remove ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 
f ! ho/ilities4 ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces %all
 be remov$ pursuant to ! c\rt's ord]--  
7,a7 imm$iately2 or  7,b7 if ! ,presid5t
 det]m9es & c]tifies to ! ,congress 9   
writ+ t unavoidable milit>y necessity   

respect+ ! safety ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 
requires ! cont9u$ use ( ,unit$ ,/ates  
,=ces 9 ! c\rse ( br++ ab\t _! prompt   
removal f ho/ilities1 )9 a p]iod n to   
exce$ #cj days aft] ! ord] is issu$4    
7f7 ,appeals ,any judgm5t 9 an action   
describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 %all be       
directly appealable to ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,supreme ,c\rt4  #h4 ,rules (           
int]pretation  7a7 ,o!r /atutes &       
treaties ,au?ority to introduce ,unit$  
,/ates ,=ces into ho/ilities %all n be  
inf]r$-- 7#a7 f any provision ( law     
7includ+ any provision 9 effect be=e !  
date ( enactm5t ( ?is jo9t resolution71 
includ+ any provision conta9$ 9 any     
appropriation ,act1 unless t provision  
specifically au?orizes ! introduction ( 
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces into ho/ilities &   
/ates t x is int5d$ to con/itute        
specific /atutory au?orization )9 !     
mean+ ( ?is jo9t resolution2 or  7#b7 f 
any treaty h]et(ore or h]eaft] ratifi$  
unless t treaty is implem5t$ by         
legislation specifically au?oriz+ !     

introduction ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces into 
ho/ilities & /at+ t x is int5d$ to      
con/itute specific /atutory au?orization
 )9 ! mean+ ( ?is jo9t resolution4  7b7 
,congressional action or inaction ,!    
failure ( ! ,congress to adopt a        
measure-- 7#a7 t]m9at+1 limit+1 or      
prohibit+ ! involvem5t ( ,unit$ ,/ates  
,=ces 9 ho/ilities2 or  7#b7 f9d+ t !   
,presid5t or ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces are    
act+ 9 violation ( ?is jo9t resolution1 
may n be con/ru$ z indicat+             
congressional au?orization or approval  
(1 or acquiesc5ce 91 ! involvem5t (     
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9 any ho/ilities or 
z a f9d+ by ! ,congress t su* involvem5t
 is consi/5t ) ?is jo9t resolution4  #i4
 ,def9itions ,= purposes ( ?is jo9t     
resolution1 ! foll[+ def9itions apply3  
7#a7 ,ho/ilities ,! t]m ho/ilities      
includes any situation involv+ any use (
 direct or indirect1 le?al or pot5tially
 le?al =ce by ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces aga9/ 
regul> or irregul> milit>y =ces or aga9/
 any milit>y or civilian t>get1         

irrespective ( ! doma91 includ+ arm$    
conflict1 intellig5ce %>+1 mid-air      
refuel+1 cyb] attacks1 t>get+ assi/ance1
 acts t violate ! sov]eignty ( a =eign  
c\ntry1 & purposeful de/ruction (       
prop]ty consid]$ to be an ex]cise ( use 
( =ce1 irrespective ( :e!r su* =ce is   
(f5sive or def5sive1 k9etic or          
non-k9etic1 or deploy$ remotely1 !      
int]mitt5cy1 int5sity1 or sev]ity ( su* 
=ce1 ! scope ( ! mission or objectives1 
or ! ext5t to :i* ! mission exposes     
,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces to risk ( casualty  
or ! risk ( escalation4  7#b7 ,imm95t ,!
 t]m imm95t1 ) respect to a ?reat ( an  
attack1 means ! ?reat is in/ant1        
ov]:elm+1 & leaves no *oice ( means & no
 mom5t = delib]ation4  7#c7 ,introduce  
,! t]m introduce includes-- 7,a7 any    
commitm5t1 engagem5t1 deploym5t1 or o!r 
involvem5t ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9      
ho/ilities1 includ+ ! tak+ ( self-def5se
 measures by ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces 9      
response to an attack1 ?reat5$ attack1  
or imm95t ?reat ( attack 9 any =eign    

c\ntry1 irrespective ( :e!r ,unit$      
,/ates ,=ces are pres5t or op]at+       
laun*$1 pilot$1 or o!r remotely direct$ 
weapons sy/ems f a non-battlefield      
location2 &  7,b7 ! assign+ or detail+ (
 memb]s ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces to comm&1 
coord9ate1 advise1 assi/1 p>ticipate 9 !
 movem5t (1 accompany1 provide          
intellig5ce1 or provide logi/ical or    
mat]ial support or tra9+ = any =eign    
regul> or irregul> milit>y or police    
=ces1 includ+ /ate actors or organiz$   
arm$ gr\ps1 if ^? =ces are involv$ 9    
ho/ilities 7reg>dless ( :e!r ^?         
ho/ilities involve insurg5t =ces ( !    
milit>y =ces ( a =eign c\ntry74  7#d7   
,tra9+ ,! t]m tra9+ has ! mean+ giv5 !  
t]m milit>y education & tra9+ 9 section 
#fdd ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 
7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bdjc71 b does n include 
tra9+ t is compris$ entirely ( obs]vance
 ( & respect = ! law ( arm$ conflict1   
human rights1 & fundam5tal fre$oms1 !   
rule ( law1 or civilian control ( !     
milit>y4  7#e7 ,unit$ /ates2 c\ntry ,!  

t]ms ,unit$ ,/ates & =eign c\ntry1 :5   
us$ 9 a geographic s5se-- 7,a7 mean !   
t]ritory1 airspace1 or wat]s ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates or ! =eign c\ntry2 &  7,b7       
includes t]ritories & possessions4  7#f7
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,=ces ,! t]m ,unit$      
,/ates ,=ces-- 7,a7 means ! arm$ =ces 7z
 su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #aja7;a77#d7
 ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code7 &    
includes p]sons employ$ by1 or "u       
contract to1 or "u ! direction ( any    
dep>tm5t or ag5cy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,gov]nm5t2 &  7,b7 includes capabilities
 e/abli%$1 direct$1 or o!rwise us$ by   
su* arm$ =ces or p]sons t produces or   
results 9 an effect or condition design$
 to accompli% a milit>y objective4  #aj4
 ,sep>ability clause ,if any provision (
 ?is jo9t resolution or ! application   
!re( to any p]son or circum/ance is held
 invalid1 ! rema9d] ( ! jo9t resolution 
& ! application ( su* provision to any  
o!r p]son or circum/ance %all n be      
affect$ !reby4  4