,,iii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  
,s4 ,,res4 #geh  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,octob] #bd           
7legislative day1 ,octob] #ai71         
#bjbj,mr4 ,da9es submitt$ ! foll[+      
resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee
 on ! ,judici>y  ,,resolution  ,express+
 ! s5se ( ! ,s5ate t ! numb] ( ju/ices (
 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld
 rema9 at #i4  ,:]eas ! ,act entitl$ ,an
 ,act to am5d ! judicial sy/em ( !      
,unit$ ,/ates1 approv$ ,april #aj1 #ahfi
 7commonly kn[n z ! ,judici>y ,act (    
#ahfi7 7#af ,/at4 #dd2 *apt] #bb71 /ates
 t ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
%all h]eaft] consi/ ( ! ,*ief ,ju/ice ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates & eight associate       
ju/ices2 ,:]eas ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates has consi/$ ( a ,*ief     
,ju/ice & #h associate ,ju/ices = #aea  
ye>s2 ,:]eas previ\s attempts to        
increase ! numb] ( ju/ices on ! ,supreme
 ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates h be5 reject$ &
 widely condemn$ by individuals ( bo?   
political p>ties2 ,:]eas1 9 #aicg1 :5   

=m] ,presid5t ,frankl9 ,delano          
,roosevelt propos$ ! ,judicial          
,proc$ures ,re=m ,bill ( #aicg1 a bill t
 s\ght to exp& ! numb] ( ju/ices on !   
,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f #i   
ju/ices to #ae ,ju/ices1 he 0 h>%ly     
criticiz$ by bo? p>ties & 8 own ,vice   
,presid5t1 ,john ,nance ,g>n]2 ,:]eas1 !
 #aicg ,s5ate ,judici>y ,committee      
report1 9 response to ! ,c\rt-pack+ plan
 by ,presid5t ,roosevelt1 decri$ ! plan 
z a ne$less1 futile1 & utt]ly dang]\s   
ab&onm5t ( con/itutional pr9ciple1 t its
 ultimate op]ation w\ld be to make ?is  
gov]nm5t "o ( m5 r ?an "o ( law & t x 0 
a measure1 :i* %\ld be s emphatically   
reject$ t its p>allel w nev] aga9 be    
pres5t$ to ! free repres5tatives ( !    
free p ( ,am]ica2 ,:]eas1 dur+ ! ,trump 
,adm9i/ration1 ,democrats h refus$ to   
recognize ! legitimacy ( nom9ations made
 by ,presid5t ,trump to ! ,supreme ,c\rt
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & h advocat$ = pack+ 
! ,c\rt ) additional ju/ices appo9t$ by 
a future ,democrat presid5t2 ,:]eas1 9  

#aihc dur+ a ,s5ate ,judici>y ,committee
 he>+1 !n-,s5ator ,joe ,bid5 not$ t     
,c\rt pack+ 0 a bonehead idea & a       
t]rible1 t]rible mi/ake t put 9 "q = an 
entire decade ! indep5d5ce ( ! mo/      
significant body--includ+ ! ,congress1 9
 my view--! mo/ significant body 9 ?is  
c\ntry1 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$     
,/ates ( ,am]ica2 ,:]eas1 9 #bjje dur+ a
 spee* on ! ,s5ate floor1 !n-,s5ator    
,joe ,bid5 prais$ memb]s ( ! ,democrat  
,p>ty = _! act ( c\rage 9 oppos+ !      
,c\rt-pack+ plan ( ,presid5t ,roosevelt1
 :i* he describ$ z a p[] grab2 ,:]eas1 9
 #bjai1 ! late ,ju/ice ,ru? ,bad]       
,g9sburg /at$1 ,i ?9k x 0 a bad idea :5 
,presid5t ,frankl9 ,roosevelt tri$ to   
pack ! ,c\rt1 & t if any?+ w\ld make !  
,c\rt look p>tisan1 x w\ld be t2 ,:]eas 
! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is bas$
 on ! pr9ciple ( sep>ation ( p[]s to    
provide = *ecks & balances on ea* bran* 
( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t & exp&+ ! ,supreme 
,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates purely =        
political advantage ?reat5s ! sep>ation 

( p[]s & ! sy/em ( *ecks & balances     
e/abli%$ 9 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates2 ,:]eas ! ,f$]al judici>y is     
insulat$ f political influ5ce ?r\gh     
lifetime appo9tm5ts & o!r measures to   
pres]ve its indep5d5ce & an attempt to  
exp& ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
purely = political purposes ?reat5s !   
indep5d5ce & integrity ( ! ,supreme     
,c\rt &1 ?us1 ! entirety ( ! judici>y x 
ov]sees2 & ,:]eas any attempt to        
increase ! numb] ( ju/ices ( ! ,supreme 
,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or pack ! ,c\rt 
w\ld und]m9e ! democratic in/itutions & 
de/roy ! cr$ibility ( ! highe/ c\rt 9 ! 
,unit$ ,/ates3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t !    
,s5ate opposes any attempt to increase !
 numb] ( ju/ices ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates or o!rwise pack ! ,c\rt4