,,iii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  
,s4 ,,res4 #gad  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,septemb] #bc1        
#bjbj,ms4 ,duckwor? 7= h]self1 ,mr4     
,book]1 ,mr4 ,m]kley1 ,ms4 ,w>r51 ,mr4  
,he9ri*1 ,ms4 ,h>ris1 ,mrs4 ,fe9/e91 &  
,mr4 ,m>key7 submitt$ ! foll[+          
resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee
 on ,environm5t & ,public ,works        
,,resolution  ,enc\rag+ ! ,adm9i/rator (
 ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy to  
ma9ta9 & /r5g!n requirem5ts "u ! ,clean 
,wat] ,act & rev]se ongo+ adm9i/rative  
actions to weak5 ! ,clean ,wat] ,act &  
protections = wat]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  
,:]eas access to clean wat] is a        
fundam5tal human "r2 ,:]eas ! ,f$]al    
,wat] ,pollution ,control ,act 7#fb     
,/at4 #aaee1 *apt] #geh7 0 enact$ into  
law 9 #aidh2 ,:]eas ! ,f$]al ,wat]      
,pollution ,control ,act ,am5dm5ts (    
#aigb 7,public ,law #ib-ejj2 #hf ,/at4  
#haf7 7 enact$ ) bip>tisan support &    
significantly reorganiz$ & exp&$ !      
,f$]al ,wat] ,pollution ,control ,act   

7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #abea et seq47 7commonly 
kn[n z & h]e9aft] ref]r$ to 9 ?is       
preamble z ! ,clean ,wat] ,act72 ,:]eas 
! ,clean ,wat] ,act is "o ( ! mo/       
important laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & !    
pr9cipal safegu>d ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
aga9/ unregulat$ pollution or de/ruction
 ( surface wat]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2     
,:]eas ! objective ( ! ,clean ,wat] ,act
 is to re/ore & ma9ta9 ! *emical1       
physical1 & biological integrity ( !    
,nation's wat]s2 ,:]eas ! ,clean ,wat]  
,act decl>$ national goals ( elim9at+ ! 
dis*>ge ( pollutants into ! wat]s ( !   
,unit$ ,/ates by #aihe &1 :]ev]         
atta9able1 ensur+ t wat]s 7 fi%able &   
swimmable by #aihc2 ,:]eas ! ,clean     
,wat] ,act provides /rong & compreh5sive
 requirem5ts = ! control ( pollutants 9 
! wat]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas !     
,clean ,wat] ,act au?orizes ,f$]al      
f9ancial assi/ance = build+ & upgrad+   
municipal sewage treatm5t plants & o!r  
types ( wat] quality improvem5ts        
projects2 ,:]eas riv]s1 /reams1 lakes1  

ponds1 wetl&s1 & o!r wat]s h enorm\s    
public heal?1 community welf>e1         
economic1 & ecological importance to !  
,unit$ ,/ates1 consid]+ t-- 7#a7 #a 9 #c
 individuals 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates receive  
dr9k+ wat] f sy/ems t draw supply f     
headwat]1 int]mitt5t1 or ephem]al       
/reams2  7#b7 accord+ to a report ( !   
,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy1 /reams
 provide ! majority ( wat] to mo/ riv]s 
& transport s$im5t1 wood1 organic matt]1
 nutri5ts1 *emical contam9ants1 & _m ( !
 organisms f\nd 9 riv]s2  7#c7 *emical1 
physical1 & biological processes 9      
/reams c conv]t nitrog5 & o!r nutri5ts1 
prev5t+ nitrog5 & o!r nutri5ts f caus+  
d[n/ream h>m2  7#d7 wetl&s prev5t &     
m9imize flood+ by /or+ z mu* z betwe5   
#a1jjj1jjj & #a1ejj1jjj gallons ( wat] =
 ea* acre ( wetl&2  7#e7 wetl&s & o!r   
wat]s 9 ! flood pla9s ( riv]s & /reams  
help prev5t pollution f rea*+ d[n/ream  
wat]s2  7#f7 #c_/d ( fi% h>ve/$         
comm]cially dep5d on wetl&s2  7#g7 !    
,c5t]s = ,disease ,control & ,prev5tion 

report$ t ab\t #ia million p ov] ! age (
 #af swim 9 oceans1 lakes1 & riv]s ea*  
ye> 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7#h7            
approximately #cg p]c5t ( wat] )drawals1
 or #aah1jjj1jjj1jjj gallons ( wat]     
)drawals p] day1 are us$ = irrigation1 &
 #eb p]c5t ( wat] )drawals are tak5 f   
surface wat]s2  7#i7 a rec5t /udy       
e/imat$ t wetl&s ar\nd ! _w provide     
ecosy/em s]vices l flood prev5tion &    
pollution filtration wor? m ?an         
#dg1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj p] ye>2  7#aj7 fi%+ 
& o!r wat] sports contribute            
#age1jjj1jjj1jjj annually to ! economy (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & support m ?an        
#a1ejj1jjj jobs2  7#aa7 companies (t5   
ne$ clean wat] 9 _! indu/rial processes 
or z a compon5t ( _! end product1 su* z 
craft be] brew]s t dep5d on a reliable  
s\rce ( clean wat]1 add approximately   
#gf1jjj1jjj1jjj annually to ! economy ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & support m ?an        
#ejj1jjj jobs2  7#ab7 accord+ to #a     
/udy1 ! ecological re/oration economy1  
:i* includes mitigation = h>ms to wat]s 

due to dis*>ges ( dr$g$ or fill mat]ial1
 directly employs #abf1jjj work]s &     
g5]ates #i4e billion 9 economic output  
p] ye>1 :i* supports an additional      
#ie1jjj jobs & #ae billion 9 economic   
output ?r\gh indirect                   
7bus9ess-to-bus9ess7 l9kages & increas$ 
h\sehold sp5d+2  7#ac7 m ?an            
#cah1jjj1jjj individuals visit$ national
 p>ks 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #bjah to      
engage 9 recreation & be inspir$ by     
?und]+ wat]falls1 /ream+ geys]s1 des]t  
spr+s1 ocean bea*es1 & jewel$ lakes1    
g5]at+ #dj1jjj1jjj1jjj = ! economy ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates & m ?an #ccj1jjj private  
sector jobs2  7#ad7 ! ,environm5tal     
,protection ,ag5cy reports t ! ,great   
,lakes conta9 #hd ( ,nor? ,am]ica's     
surface fre% wat] & ab\t #ba ( ! _w's   
supply ( surface fre% wat]2  7#ae7      
re/or+ & protect+ ! ,great ,lakes & _!  
tribut>ies also protects !              
#f1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj regional economy ( ! 
,great ,lakes & ! #a1ejj1jjj jobs &     
#fb1jjj1jjj1jjj 9 wages directly        

connect$ to ! ,great ,lakes2 &  7#af7 ! 
,great ,lakes & _! tribut>ies facilitate
 ne>ly #af1jjj1jjj1jjj 9 annual sp5d+ by
 resid5ts & ! #cg1jjj1jjj hunt]s1       
angl]s1 bird wat*]s1 & o!r t\ri/s :o    
visit ! region = recreation2 ,:]eas wat]
 pollution & ! loss ( wat] res\rces c   
cause cata/rophic h>m to ! heal? &      
economic /r5g? ( communities1 evid5c$ by
 ! fact t-- 7#a7 9 #bjad1 a h>mful algal
 bloom 9 we/]n ,lake ,erie prompt$ a    
#c-;day %utd[n ( ! dr9k+ wat] supply (  
,tol$o1 ,ohio1 affect+ approximately    
#ejj1jjj individuals2  7#b7 a spill ( a 
toxic *emical into ! ,elk ,riv] 9       
,*>le/on1 ,we/ ,virg9ia1 caus$ a cut(f (
 dr9k+ wat] = approximately #cjj1jjj    
individuals = sev]al days2  7#c7        
outbreaks ( blue-gre5 algae & r$ tide 9 
,florida h caus$ widespread h>m to      
bus9esses & h kill$ a sub/antial numb] (
 aquatic animals ov] multiple ye>s1 ) ! 
effects ( ! outbreaks 9 #bjah be+       
p>ticul> sev]e2  7#d7 9 #bjjh1 ! coal a%
 wa/e pit ( ! ,t5nessee ,valley         

,au?ority ne> ,k+/on1 ,t5nessee1        
exp]i5c$ a mammo? /ructural failure &   
releas$ m ?an #a1jjj1jjj1jjj tons ( wa/e
 into ! ,emory & ,cl9* ,riv]s1 & a #bjai
 analysis f\nd t simil> pits ar\nd !    
c\ntry r\t9ely leak & contam9ate ne>by  
gr\ndwat] & surface wat]s2  7#e7 bea*es 
9 multiple ,/ates1 includ+ ,mississippi1
 ,new ,j]sey1 ,wa%+ton1 & ,new ,york1 7 
=c$ to close due to outbreaks ( algae t 
are commonly fuel$ by nitrog5 &         
phosphorus pollution2  7#f7 int5se      
flood+ is occurr+ 9 places l ,h\/on1    
,texas1 :]e wetl& de/ruction is believ$ 
to be contribut+ to ! sev]ity ( !       
flood+2 &  7#g7 _m areas ( ! ,unit$     
,/ates are expect$ to exp]i5ce wors5$   
dr\ght conditions ) climate *ange1 mak+ 
! pres]vation ( wat] res\rces m         
critical2 ,:]eas ! ,clean ,wat] ,act    
dramatically sl[$ ! rate ( wetl&s loss 9
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates f m ?an #ejj1jjj acres 
annually 9 ! #aiejs to approximately    
#hj1jjj acres annually 9 ! late #aiijs2 
,:]eas ! quality ( num]\s wat] bodies   

has sub/antially improv$ s9ce ! adoption
 ( ! ,clean ,wat] ,act1 includ+ ! ,*>les
 ,riv] 9 ,massa*usetts1 ! ,*esapeake    
,bay1 & ! ,great ,lakes2 ,:]eas1 despite
 ! improvem5ts br\ght ab\t by ! ,clean  
,wat] ,act1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ill faces  
major wat] res\rce & pollution *all5ges1
 evid5c$ by ! fact t-- 7#a7 accord+ to !
 mo/ rec5t ,/ate data submitt$ to !     
,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy-- 7,a7 
#ec p]c5t ( assess$ riv]s & /reams d n  
meet #a or m wat] quality /&>ds1 :i* are
 e/abli%$ to ensure wat]s are clean     
en\gh = specific uses l fi%+ & swimm+2  
7,b7 #ga p]c5t ( assess$ lakes1         
res]voirs1 & ponds are impair$2  7,c7   
#hj p]c5t ( assess$ bays & e/u>ies are  
impair$2 &  7,d7 #gb p]c5t ( assess$    
coa/al %orel9e wat]s are impair$2 &     
7#b7 ! ,c5t]s = ,disease ,control &     
,prev5tion publi%$ a report /at+ t !    
increas+ frequ5cy ( h>mful algal blooms 
is associat$ ) increas+ temp]atures &   
levels ( nutri5ts 9 wat]s ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates2 ,:]eas ! #bjag ,infra/ructure   

,report ,c>d ( ! ,am]ican ,society (    
,civil ,eng9e]s gave ! wa/ewat]         
infra/ructure ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates a grade 
( ,d2 ,:]eas ! mo/ rec5t ,clean ,wat]%$s
 ,ne$s ,survey report to ,congress      
id5tifi$ n less ?an #bga1jjj1jjj1jjj    
wor? ( capital ne$s = wa/ewat]1 /orm    
wat]1 & o!r clean wat] infra/ructure2   
,:]eas ! condition ( ! wat]s ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates consi/5tly ranks z "o ( ! mo/    
acute environm5tal worries ( individuals
 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ) #hj p]c5t (       
respond5ts 9 a ,m>* #bjai ,gallup ,poll 
indicat+ t !y worry a great deal or a   
fair am\nt ab\t ! pollution ( riv]s1    
lakes1 & res]voirs2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$     
,/ates ,commission on ,civil ,rights    
recomm5d$ fur!r /udy & analysis ( ,f$]al
 laws1 includ+ ! ,clean ,wat] ,act1 to  
analyze gaps 9 civil rights protections 
& f\nd t ! ,,epa's def9ition (          
environm5tal ju/ice recognizes          
environm5tal ju/ice z a civil "r1 fair  
treatm5t & mean+ful involvem5t ( all p  
reg>dless ( race1 color1 national orig91

 or income ) respect to ! developm5t1   
implem5tation1 & en=cem5t ( environm5tal
 laws1 regulations & policies2 ,:]eas ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ,geological ,survey       
conduct$ limit$ monitor+ ( #ag          
p]fluoroalkyl & polyfluoroalkyl         
sub/ances 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is preamble z   
,,pfas7 9 s\rce & treat$ public wat]    
supplies f #be dr9k+ wat] facilities &  
f\nd ,,pfas 9 all s\rce wat] & public   
wat] supply samples collect$2 ,:]eas a  
/udy l$ by ,h>v>d ,univ]sity rese>*]s   
f\nd t ! dr9k+ wat] supplies = n less   
?an #f1jjj1jjj individuals 9 ! ,unit$   
,/ates exce$ ! heal? advisory ( !       
,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy = #b   
,,pfas1 p]fluorooctanoic acid 7commonly 
ref]r$ to z ,,pfoa7 & p]fluorooctane    
sulfonic acid 7commonly ref]r$ to z     
,,pfos71 & m rec5t in=mation indicates t
 m compreh5sive monitor+ w\ld f9d t !   
dr9k+ wat] ( _m times m ?an #f1jjj1jjj  
individuals 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates conta9s   
,,pfas at levels t pose significant     
heal? haz>ds2 ,:]eas ! ,environm5tal    

,protection ,ag5cy has initiat$ num]\s  
adm9i/rative actions t collectively w\ld
 evisc]ate ! protections ( ! ,clean     
,wat] ,act & o!r safegu>ds = clean wat]1
 includ+-- 7#a7 repeal+ sci5ce-bas$     
protections = /reams1 wetl&s1 & o!r     
wat]s & ! exclusion ( millions ( miles (
 /reams & t5s ( millions ( acres (      
wetl&s f ! pollution control programs ( 
! ,clean ,wat] ,act2  7#b7 eas+         
re/rictions on wa/ewat] plants1 au?oriz+
 ! plants to release p>tially treat$    
sewage dur+ ra9/orms2  7#c7 refus+ to   
develop regulations m&at$ by ! ,clean   
,wat] ,act aim$ at avoid+ & m9imiz+     
spills ( haz>d\s sub/ances2  7#d7 weak5+
 rules relat+ to ! sit+1 op]at+1        
monitor+1 & clos+ ( pits :]e coal a% &  
o!r coal combu/ion wa/e is dump$2  7#e7 
exempt+ pollut]s :o h>m wat]ways f !    
p5alties ( ! ,clean ,wat] ,act if _!    
dis*>ge fir/ travels ?r\gh gr\ndwat] f !
 dis*>ge p]mitt+ program ( ! ,clean     
,wat] ,act2  7#f7 re/rict+ ! au?ority ( 
exp]ts f ! ,environm5tal ,protection    

,ag5cy "u ! ,clean ,wat] ,act to /op    
dump+ projects t cause unacceptable h>ms
 to wat] bodies2  7#g7 delay+ & weak5+  
toxic pollution dis*>ge limits = p[]    
plants2 &  7#h7 curtail+ ! rights (     
,/ates & ,tribal nations "u ! ,clean    
,wat] ,act to review f$]ally p]mitt$    
projects & impose conditions on or      
reject a project1 z appropriate1 to     
prev5t h>m to _! wat]ways2 ,:]eas !     
,unit$ ,/ates rema9s f> f a*iev+ !      
objective ( ! ,clean ,wat] ,act by putt+
 critical res\rces t provide enorm\s    
value to ! ,unit$ ,/ates at risk2 &     
,:]eas ! propos$ actions ( !            
,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy w\ld   
sub/antially wors5 ! risk to critical   
res\rces3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t ! ,s5ate  
enc\rages ! ,adm9i/rator ( !            
,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy to--   
7#a7 ma9ta9 & /r5g!n1 r ?an attack1     
requirem5ts t keep wat]ways ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates clean2  7#b7 end any ongo+       
adm9i/rative actions t weak5-- 7,a7     
exi/+ regulations t 7 promulgat$ "u !   

,f$]al ,wat] ,pollution ,control ,act   
7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #abea et seq472 &  7,b7  
o!r requirem5ts protect+ ! wat]s ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates2 &  7#c7 initiate actions 
to rev]se any adm9i/rative actions t h  
already be5 complet$ t weak5 !          
implem5tation by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t (-- 
7,a7 ! ,f$]al ,wat] ,pollution ,control 
,act 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #abea et seq472 &   
7,b7 o!r requirem5ts t protect ! wat]s (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4