,,iii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  
,s4 ,,res4 #eie  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,may #ba1 #bjbj,mr4   
,m55dez 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,rubio1 ,mr4   
,c>d91 ,mr4 ,tillis1 ,mr4 ,ka9e1 ,mr4   
,boozman1 ,mr4 ,coons1 ,mr4 ,cornyn1    
,mr4 ,m>key1 ,mrs4 ,blackburn1 ,mr4     
,m]kley1 ,ms4 ,coll9s1 & ,mr4 ,casey7   
submitt$ ! foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0     
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign        
,relations  ,,resolution  ,recogniz+    
wid5+ ?reats to fre$oms ( ! press &     
expression ar\nd ! _w1 reaffirm+ !      
c5trality ( a free & indep5d5t press to 
! heal? ( free societies & democracies1 
& reaffirm+ fre$om ( ! press z a        
priority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 promot+    
democracy1 human rights1 & good         
gov]nance 9 commemoration ( ,_w ,press  
,fre$om ,day on ,may #c1 #bjbj4  ,:]eas 
,article #ai ( ! ,univ]sal ,decl>ation (
 ,human ,rights1 adopt$ 9 ,p>is ,decemb]
 #aj1 #aidh1 /ates1 ,ev]yone has ! "r to
 fre$om ( op9ion & expression2 ?is "r   
includes fre$om to hold op9ions )\t     

int]f]5ce & to seek1 receive & imp>t    
in=mation & ideas ?r\gh any m$ia &      
reg>dless ( fronti]s42 ,:]eas1 9 #aiic1 
! ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly      
proclaim$ ,may #crd ( ea* ye> z ,_w     
,press ,fre$om ,day-- 7#a7 to celebrate 
! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( fre$om ( !     
press2  7#b7 to evaluate fre$om ( !     
press ar\nd ! _w2  7#c7 to def5d ! m$ia 
aga9/ attacks on its indep5d5ce2 &  7#d7
 to pay tribute to j\rnali/s :o h lo/ _!
 lives :ile work+ 9 _! pr(ession2       
,:]eas1 on ,decemb] #ah1 #bjac1 ! ,unit$
 ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly adopt$       
,resolution #fh_/afc1 reg>d+ ! safety ( 
j\rnali/s & ! issue ( impunity = crimes 
aga9/ j\rnali/s1 :i* unequivocally      
condemns all attacks on1 & viol5ce      
aga9/1 j\rnali/s & m$ia work]s1 includ+ 
torture1 extrajudicial kill+1 en=c$     
disappe>ance1 arbitr>y det5tion1 &      
intimidation & h>assm5t 9 conflict &    
nonconflict situations2 ,:]eas ,?omas   
,jeff]son1 :o recogniz$ ! importance ( !
 press 9 a con/itutional republic1      

wisely decl>$1 7 x left to me to decide 
:e!r we %\ld h a gov]nm5t )\t newspap]s1
 or newspap]s )\t a gov]nm5t1 ,i %\ld n 
hesitate a mom5t to pref] ! latt]42     
,:]eas ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,unit$     
,/ates ,con/itution & v>i\s ,/ate       
con/itutions protect fre$om ( ! press 9 
! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas ! ,daniel ,pe>l 
,fre$om ( ! ,press ,act ( #bjji 7,public
 ,law #aaa-aff2 #bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea     
note71 :i* 0 pass$ by unanim\s cons5t 9 
! ,s5ate & sign$ into law by ,presid5t  
,b>ack ,obama 9 #bjaj1 exp&$ !          
exam9ation ( ! fre$om ( ! press ar\nd ! 
_w 9 ! annual ,c\ntry ,reports on ,human
 ,rights ,practices ( ! ,dep>tm5t (     
,/ate2 ,:]eas a vigilant commitm5t to   
fre$om ( ! press is especially necess>y 
9 ! wake ( ! ,,covid-#ai p&emic-- 7#a7 z
 gov]nm5ts ar\nd ! _w are us+ em]g5cy   
laws to re/rict access to in=mation1    
impose press re/rictions1 & suppress    
free spee*2 &  7#b7 z j\rnali/s ar\nd ! 
_w are be+ c5sor$ & imprison$ = _!      
report+ on ! virus2 ,:]eas 9 ,*9a1 ,*5  

,qiu%i disappe>$ aft] report+ on !      
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a's   
,,covid-#ai response 9 ,febru>y #bjbj1  
,xu ,zhiyong 0 report$ly deta9$ 9       
,febru>y #bjbj dur+ a ,,covid-#ai       
prev5tion *eck aft] criticiz+ ,*9ese    
au?orities1 & report]s f ,! ,new ,york  
,times1 ,wall ,/reet ,j\rnal1 ,!        
,wa%+ton ,po/1 ,voice ( ,am]ica1 & ,"t 7
 expell$ 9 ,m>* #bjbj2 ,:]eas au?orities
 9 num]\s c\ntries1 includ+ ,russia1    
,iran1 ,cuba1 ,burma 7,myanm>71 &       
,v5ezuela h-- 7#a7 re/rict$ j\rnali/    
movem5t2  7#b7 h9d]$ access to          
in=mation2  7#c7 remov$ cont5t2 &  7#d7 
?reat5$1 h>ass$1 attack$1 & arre/$      
j\rnali/s = _! report+ on ! ,,covid-#ai 
p&emic2 ,:]eas1 ev5 prior to !          
,,covid-#ai p&emic1 fre$om ( ! press    
rema9$ "u consid]able pressure ?r\gh\t !
 _w2 ,:]eas ,report]s ,)\t ,bord]s f\nd 
t1 z ( ,april #bj1 #bjbj1 at lea/ #bbi  
j\rnali/s1 #aaf citiz5 j\rnali/s1 & #ad 
m$ia assi/ants 7 imprison$ worldwide2   
,:]eas accord+ to ! ,committee to       

,protect ,j\rnali/s1 at lea/ #be        
j\rnali/s 7 kill$ ar\nd ! _w = _! "w 9  
#bjai2 ,:]eas ,fre$om ,h\se's           
publication ,fre$om 9 ! ,_w #bjbj not$ t
 global fre$om ( expression has decl9$ e
 ye> = ! pa/ #ad ye>s2 ,:]eas1 accord+  
to ! ,committee to ,protect ,j\rnali/s1 
! _w's mo/ c5sor$ c\ntries include      
,eritrea1 ,nor? ,korea1 ,turkm5i/an1    
,saudi ,arabia1 ,*9a1 ,vietnam1 ,iran1  
,equatorial ,gu9ea1 ,bel>us1 & ,cuba2   
,:]eas ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,philipp9es has  
wag$ a campaign ( judicial h>assm5t     
aga9/ a v>iety ( indep5d5t press        
outlets1 includ+ ! news website ,rappl] 
& its editor1 ,m>ia ,ressa1 :o has be5  
arre/$ twice2 ,:]eas 9 ,russia1 ,crimean
 ,tat> freelance j\rnali/ ,n>iman       
,mem$em9ov 0 s5t5c$ to #cj mon?s 9      
prison = report+ on human rights        
violations by ,russian au?orities 9     
,crimea2 ,:]eas 9 ,cuba1 ! ,committee to
 ,protect ,j\rnali/s & ,amne/y          
,int]national h writt5 to ! ,cuban      
au?orities to reque/ ! imm$iate release 

( j\rnali/ ,rob]to ,quiones1 :o has be5 
imprison$ s9ce ,septemb] #bjai2 ,:]eas 9
 ,v5ezuela1 freelance j\rnali/ ,d>v9son 
,rojas has be5 deta9$ s9ce ,m>* #ba1    
#bjbj1 = report+ on presum$ ,,covid-#ai 
cases t 7 unackn[l$g$ by ! ,gov]nm5t (  
,v5ezuela2 ,:]eas 9 ,mexico1 ,qu9to     
,pod] de ,v]acruz f\nd] ,m>a ,el5a      
,f]ral1 ,el ,graffico report] ,jorge    
,cele/9o ,ruiz ,vzquez1 & j\rnali/s     
,nevi? ,condes ,j>amilla1 ,rogelio      
,b>ragn ,p]z1 & ,norma ,s>abia 7 all    
murd]$ betwe5 ,june #bjai & ,m>* #bjbj2 
,:]eas 9 ,nig]1 indep5d5t j\rnali/ ,kaka
 ,t\da ,mamane ,goni 0 arre/$ on ,m>*   
#e1 #bjbj1 & faces up to #c ye>s 9      
prison = publi%+ news reports on social 
m$ia ab\t pot5tial ,,covid-#ai cases2   
,:]eas 9 ,burundi1 ,iwacu j\rnali/s     
,*ri/9e ,kamikazi1 ,agns ,ndirubusa1    
,egide ,h>]imana1 & ,tr5ce ,mpoz5zi 7   
convict$ on *>ges ( attempt+ to und]m9e 
/ate security & s5t5c$ to #b ye>s 9     
prison2 ,:]eas 9 ,tanzania1 j\rnali/    
,azory ,gw&a has be5 miss+ s9ce ,novemb]

 #bjag2 ,:]eas ,turkey rema9s "o ( ! top
 jail]s ( indep5d5t j\rnali/s ar\nd !   
_w1 & ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,turkey clos$ d[n m 
?an #ajj news outlets dur+ #bjai2 ,:]eas
 9 ,egypt1 prom95t blogg] & activi/     
,alaa ,abdelfattah 0 re>re/$ 9 ,septemb]
 #bjai1 human rights activi/ & j\rnali/ 
,esraa ,abdel ,fattah 0 re>re/$ 9       
,octob] #bjai1 & ,gu>dian report] ,ru?  
,mi*aelson's press cr$5tials 7 )drawn = 
que/ion+ (ficial ,,covid-#ai figures on 
,m>* #af1 #bjbj2 ,:]eas ,am]ican        
j\rnali/ ,au/9 ,tice has be5 deta9$ 9   
,syria s9ce ,augu/ #ad1 #bjab2 ,:]eas   
female j\rnali/s & writ]s 9 ,saudi      
,arabia face h>% p]sonal consequ5ces =  
_! "w1 & ,zana ,al-,%>i ( ! daily       
,al-,riyadh1 ,maha al-,rafidi           
al-,qahtani ( ! daily ,al-,watan1 &     
recipi5ts ( ! #bjai ,,p5_/,b>bey ,fre$om
 to ,write ,aw>d ,n\f ,abdulaziz1 ,l\ja9
 ,al-,ha?l\l1 & ,eman ,al-,nafjan rema9 
miss+1 imprison$1 or on trial due to _! 
writ+ & outspok5 wom5's rights advocacy2
 ,:]eas ! ,s5ate has conclud$ t ,wa%+ton

 ,po/ j\rnali/ & ,unit$ ,/ates resid5t  
,jamal ,kha%oggi 0 murd]$ by a team (   
,saudi op]atives at ! behe/ ( ,cr[n     
,pr9ce ,mohamm$ ,b9 ,salman2 ,:]eas1 "u 
! auspices ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy =   
,global ,m$ia1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t
 provides f9ancial assi/ance to sev]al  
editorially indep5d5t m$ia outlets1     
includ+ ,voice ( ,am]ica1 ,radio ,free  
,europe_/,radio ,lib]ty1 ,radio ,free   
,asia1 ,radio1 ! ,(fice ( ,cuba         
,broadca/+1 & ! ,middle ,ea/ ,broadca/  
,networks-- 7#a7 :i* report & broadca/  
news1 in=mation1 & analysis 9 critical  
regions ar\nd ! _w2 &  7#b7 ^: j\rnali/s
 regul>ly face h>assm5t1 f9es1 &        
imprisonm5t = _! "w2 & ,:]eas fre$om ( !
 press is a key elem5t ( public         
transp>5cy1 civil society p>ticipation1 
socioeconomic developm5t1 & democratic  
gov]nance3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t !        
,s5ate-- 7#a7 decl>es t a free press--  
7,a7 is a c5tral compon5t ( free        
societies1 democratic gov]nance1 &      
contributes to an in=m$ civil society1 &

 gov]nm5t acc\ntability2  7,b7 helps    
expose corruption1 & enhances public    
acc\ntability & transp>5cy ( gov]nm5ts  
at all levels2 &  7,c7 dissem9ates      
in=mation ess5tial to improv+ public    
heal? & safety2  7#b7 condemns ?reats to
 fre$om ( ! press & free expression     
ar\nd ! _w2 &  7#c7 9 remembrance (     
j\rnali/s :o h lo/ _! lives c>ry+ out _!
 vital "w-- 7,a7 calls on gov]nm5ts     
abroad to implem5t ,unit$ ,nations      
,g5]al ,assembly ,resolution #fh_/afc   
7#bjac7 by ?or\ghly inve/igat+ & seek+  
to resolve out/&+ cases ( viol5ce aga9/ 
j\rnali/s1 includ+ murd]s & kidnapp+s1  
:ile ensur+ ! protection ( witnesses2   
7,b7 condemns all actions ar\nd ! _w t  
suppress fre$om ( ! press2  7,c7 calls =
 ! unconditional & imm$iate release (   
all imprison$ j\rnali/s2  7,d7 reaffirms
 ! c5trality ( fre$om ( ! press to ef=ts
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t to support 
democracy1 mitigate conflict1 & promote 
good gov]nance dome/ically & ar\nd ! _w2
 &  7,e7 calls ^u ! ,presid5t & !       

,secret>y ( ,/ate-- 7i7 to pres]ve &    
build ^u ! lead]%ip ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on
 issues relat+ to fre$om ( ! press1 on !
 basis ( ! protections af=d$ ! ,am]ican 
p "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7ii7 to improve !   
rapid id5tification1 publication1 &     
response by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t to
 ?reats aga9/ fre$om ( ! press ar\nd !  
_w2  7iii7 to urge =eign gov]nm5ts to   
protect ! free fl[ ( in=mation & to     
transp>5tly inve/igate & br+ to ju/ice !
 p]petrators ( attacks aga9/ j\rnali/s2 
&  7iv7 to promote ! respect &          
protection ( fre$om ( ! press ar\nd !   
_w4