,,iii #aafth ,,congress #ast ,session ,s4 ,,res4 #ddi ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,december #aj1 #bjai,mr4 ,markey 7for himself1 ,mr4 ,carper1 ,mr4 ,reed1 ,mr4 ,wyden1 ,mr4 ,casey1 ,ms4 ,hassan1 ,ms4 ,smith1 ,mr4 ,merkley1 ,mr4 ,booker1 ,mr4 ,durbin1 ,ms4 ,klobuchar1 ,mr4 ,van ,hollen1 ,mrs4 ,shaheen1 ,mr4 ,blumenthal1 and ,mr4 ,whitehouse7 submitted the following resolution2 which was referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations ,,resolution ,expressing the sense of the ,senate that the ,nation1 ,states1 cities1 ,tribal nations1 and businesses1 institutions of higher education1 and other institutions in the ,united ,states should work toward achieving the goals of the ,paris ,agreement4 ,whereas all of the #aig parties to the ,united ,nations ,framework ,convention on ,climate ,change have signed or acceded to the decision by the ,united ,nations ,framework ,convention on ,climate ,change's #bast ,conference of ,parties in ,paris1 ,france1 adopted ,december #ab1 #bjae 7referred to in this preamble as the ,paris ,agreement72 ,whereas the ,special ,report on ,global ,warming of #a4e ,c by the ,intergovernmental ,panel on ,climate ,change and the ,fourth ,national ,climate ,assessment report found that-- 7#a7 human activity is the dominant cause of observed climate change over the past century2 7#b7 a changing climate is causing sea levels to rise and an increase in wildfires1 severe storms1 droughts1 and other extreme weather events that threaten infrastructure and human life2 7#c7 global warming at or above #b degrees ,celsius beyond pre-industrialized levels will cause-- 7,a7 mass migration from regions most affected by climate change2 7,b7 more than #ejj1jjj1jjj1jjj in lost annual economic output in the ,united ,states by the year #bajj2 7,c7 wildfires that1 by #bjej1 will annually burn at least twice as much forest area in the western ,united ,states than was typically burned by wildfires in the years preceding #bjai2 7,d7 a loss of greater than #ii percent of all coral reefs on ,earth2 7,e7 more than #cej1jjj1jjj more people to be exposed globally to deadly heat stress by #bjej2 and 7,f7 a risk of damage to public infrastructure and coastal real estate in the ,united ,states valued at an estimated #a1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj2 7#d7 global temperatures must be kept below #a4e degrees ,celsius above pre-industrialized levels to avoid the most severe impacts of a changing climate2 and 7#e7 limiting global warming will require the extensive use of clean1 renewable energy sources1 low-carbon-emitting vehicles1 energy efficiency1 reforestation1 and accounting of carbon emissions equal to the social and environmental costs of those emissions2 ,whereas1 in #bjah1 carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption in the ,united ,states rose #b4h percent after the economy of the ,united ,states grew by #ah4d percent between #bjje and #bjaf1 while net greenhouse gas emissions decreased by #ab4a percent during that period2 ,whereas #cg ,states have set renewable energy goals2 ,whereas #bi of the #cg ,states that have set renewable energy goals1 #c territories of the ,united ,states1 and the ,district of ,columbia have adopted renewable electricity standard requirements to demand clean energy production2 ,whereas #bc ,states and the ,district of ,columbia have adopted greenhouse gas emissions targets2 ,whereas #bg ,states have adopted energy efficiency resource standards2 ,whereas #aj ,states have adopted zero-emission vehicle targets2 ,whereas #i ,states have implemented the ,regional ,greenhouse ,gas ,initiative to construct a market-based system that sets a cap on emissions from the electric sector that declines by-- 7#a7 #b4e percent per year through #bjbj2 and 7#b7 #c percent per year from #bjba through #bjcj2 ,whereas the ,states of ,virginia1 ,new ,jersey1 and ,pennsylvania are making efforts to join the ,regional ,greenhouse ,gas ,initiative in #bjbj2 ,whereas the ,state of ,california has a strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to #dj percent below #aiij levels by #bjcj2 ,whereas1 in the ,united ,states1 #ij cities1 #aa counties1 #b ,states1 and the ,district of ,columbia have adopted #ajj percent clean and renewable energy goals1 and #bag companies have committed to #ajj percent renewable energy2 ,whereas more than #c1bjj1jjj people in the ,united ,states work in clean energy in all #ej ,states1 including in industries relating to wind energy1 solar energy1 energy efficiency1 clean vehicles1 and energy storage2 ,whereas1 in #bjag1 approximately #deg1jjj people in the ,united ,states were working in the solar and wind industries1 including roofers1 electricians1 and steel workers2 ,whereas the majority of clean energy jobs in the ,united ,states are blue collar jobs that pay well2 ,whereas the #bjah ,u4,s4 ,energy and ,employment ,report found that jobs in the energy efficiency and renewable energy sector outnumber fossil fuel jobs in the ,united ,states #c to #a2 ,whereas the establishment of the vehicle fuel economy emissions standards agreed to in #bjab for vehicle model years #bjbb through #bjbe-- 7#a7 is the single most significant action that has been taken to reduce global warming pollution2 7#b7 has helped create more than #a1jgj1jjj domestic jobs in the automobile industry of the ,united ,states2 7#c7 will save consumers in the ,united ,states nearly #ajj1jjj1jjj1jjj at the gas pump2 and 7#d7 will reduce the reliance of the ,united ,states on foreign oil by an estimated #b1ejj1jjj barrels per day by #bjcj2 ,whereas the #bjai report ,accelerating ,america's ,pledge found that the ,states1 cities1 ,tribal nations1 businesses1 and institutions of higher education of the ,united ,states that support the objectives of the ,paris ,agreement-- 7#a7 represent more than #gj percent of the ,united ,states economy and more than #ej percent of the emissions of the ,united ,states2 7#b7 are already making significant contributions to emissions reductions2 and 7#c7 have the potential to reduce emissions even further2 ,whereas the ,we ,are ,still ,in coalition-- 7#a7 has committed to uphold the ,paris ,agreement and the commitment of the ,united ,states to reduce emissions #bf to #bh percent below #bjje levels by #bjbe2 and 7#b7 since the launch of the coalition in #bjag1 has tripled in size to nearly #d1jjj cities1 ,states1 businesses1 universities1 healthcare organizations1 faith groups1 and cultural institutions in all #ej ,states as of #bjai2 and ,whereas the ,united ,states needs both a fully engaged ,federal ,government and cities1 ,states1 and businesses working together to reduce emissions and avoid the worst impacts of climate change3 ,now1 therefore1 be it ,that it is the sense of the ,senate that the ,united ,states-- 7#a7 should remain a party to the ,paris ,agreement2 7#b7 should support policies at the ,federal1 ,state1 and local level that promote the reduction of global warming pollution and aim to meet the objectives of the ,paris ,agreement2 and 7#c7 should support the efforts of businesses and investors to take action on climate change4