,,iii #aafth ,,congress #ast ,session ,s4 ,,res4 #adj ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,april #c1 #bjai,mr4 ,gardner 7for himself and ,mr4 ,coons7 submitted the following resolution2 which was referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations ,,resolution ,urging the establishment of a ,cyber ,league of ,indo-,pacific ,states to address cyber threats4 ,whereas the world has benefitted greatly from technological innovations under the leadership of the ,united ,states in the post-,world ,war era1 including the creation of the ,world ,wide ,web which has provided an entirely new platform for wealth creation and human flourishing through cyber-commerce and connectivity2 ,whereas cybercrime affects companies large and small1 as well as infrastructure that is vital to the economy as a whole2 ,whereas a #bjah study from the ,center for ,strategic and ,international ,studies1 in partnership with ,mc,afee1 estimates that the global economic losses from cybercrime are approximately #fjj1jjj1jjj1jjj annually and rising2 ,whereas1 according to the ,pew ,charitable ,trust1 #fd percent of people in the ,united ,states had fallen victim to cybercriminals as of #bjag2 ,whereas1 on ,july #i1 #bjab1 ,general ,keith ,alexander1 then-,director of the ,national ,security ,agency1 termed theft of ,united ,states intellectual property the greatest transfer of wealth in history2 ,whereas1 on ,september #be1 #bjae1 the ,united ,states and the ,people's ,republic of ,china announced a commitment that neither country's government will conduct or knowingly support cyber-enabled theft of intellectual property1 including trade secrets or other confidential business information1 with the intent of providing competitive advantages to companies or commercial sectors2 ,whereas the ,people's ,republic of ,china nonetheless continues to contribute to the rise of cybercrime1 exploiting weaknesses in the international system to undermine fair competition in technology and cyberspace1 including through theft of intellectual property and state-sponsored malicious actions to undermine and weaken competition2 ,whereas1 according to the #bjai ,worldwide ,threat ,assessment by the ,director of ,national ,intelligence3 ,china1 ,russia1 ,iran1 and ,north ,korea increasingly use cyber operations to threaten both minds and machines in an expanding number of ways--to steal information1 to influence our citizens1 or to disrupt critical infrastructure42 ,whereas1 from #bjaa to #bjah1 more than #ij percent of cases handled by the ,department of ,justice alleging economic espionage by or to benefit a foreign country involved the ,people's ,republic of ,china2 ,whereas more than #b_/c of the cases handled by the ,department of ,justice involving theft of trade secrets have a nexus to the ,people's ,republic of ,china2 ,whereas experts have asserted that the ,made in ,china #bjbe strategy of the ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china will incentivize ,chinese entities to engage in unfair competitive behavior1 including additional theft of technologies and intellectual property2 ,whereas the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea has also contributed to the rise of cybercrime and according to the #bjah ,worldwide ,threat ,assessment by the ,director of ,national ,intelligence3 ,we expect the heavily sanctioned ,north ,korea to use cyber operations to raise funds and to gather intelligence or launch attacks on ,south ,korea and the ,united ,states4 ''' ,north ,korean actors developed and launched the ,wanna,cry ransomware in ,may #bjag1 judging from technical links to previously identified ,north ,korean cyber tools1 tradecraft1 and operational infrastructure4 ,we also assess that these actors conducted the cyber theft of #ha million from the ,bank of ,bangladesh in #bjaf42 ,whereas section #b7;a77#h7 of the ,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy ,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ibja7;a77#h77 states1 ,the ,government of ,north ,korea has provided technical support and conducted destructive and coercive cyberattacks1 including against ,sony ,pictures ,entertainment and other ,united ,states persons42 ,whereas the ,united ,states has taken action on its own against international cybercrime1 including through-- 7#a7 the ,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy ,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7,public ,law #aad-abb71 which imposed mandatory sanctions against persons engaging in significant activities undermining cybersecurity on behalf of the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea2 and 7#b7 criminal charges filed by the ,department of ,justice on ,october #be1 #bjah1 in which the ,department alleged that the ,chinese intelligence services conducted cyber intrusions against at least a dozen companies in order to obtain information on a commercial jet engine2 ,whereas the ,march #bjaf ,department of ,state ,international ,cyberspace ,policy ,strategy noted that the ,department of ,state anticipates a continued increase and expansion of our cyber-focused diplomatic efforts for the foreseeable future2 ,whereas concerted action by countries that share concerns about state-sponsored cyber theft is necessary to prevent the growth of cybercrime and other destabilizing national security and economic outcomes2 and ,whereas section #bae of the ,asia ,reassurance ,initiative ,act of #bjah 7,public ,law #aae-dji7 calls for robust cybersecurity cooperation between the ,united ,states and nations in the ,indo-,pacific region and authorized to be appropriated #ajj1jjj1jjj for each of the fiscal years #bjai through #bjbc to enhance cooperation between the ,united ,states and the ,indo-,pacific nations for the purpose of combatting cybersecurity threats3 ,now1 therefore1 be it ,that the ,senate-- 7#a7 urges the ,president to propose and champion the negotiation of a treaty with like-minded partners in the ,indo-,pacific to ensure a free and open ,internet free from economically crippling cyberattacks2 7#b7 calls for the treaty1 which can be referred to as the ,cyber ,league of ,indo-,pacific ,states 7in this resolution referred to as ,,clips71 to include the creation of an ,information ,sharing ,analysis ,center to provide around-the-clock cyber threat monitoring and mitigation for governments that are parties to the treaty2 and 7#c7 calls for members of ,,clips-- 7,a7 to consult on emerging cyber threats2 7,b7 to pledge not to conduct or support theft of intellectual property1 including trade secrets or other confidential business information2 7,c7 to introduce and enforce minimum criminal punishment for cyber theft2 7,d7 to extradite alleged cyber thieves1 consistent with existing agreements and respecting national sovereignty2 7,e7 to enforce laws protecting intellectual property1 including patents2 7,f7 to ensure that government agencies comply with software license terms2 7,g7 to minimize data localization requirements 7consistent with the ,agreement between the ,united ,states of ,america1 the ,united ,mexican ,states1 and ,canada1 signed at ,buenos ,aires ,november #cj1 #bjah 7commonly known as the ,united ,states-,mexico-,canada ,agreement772 7,h7 to seek cooperation with respect to the standards described in the ,arrangement on the ,recognition of ,common ,criteria ,certificates in the field of ,information ,technology ,security1 dated ,may #ad1 #bjad2 7,i7 to provide for public input when devising legislation on cybersecurity2 and 7,j7 to cooperate on the attribution of cyberattacks and impose appropriate consequences4