,,iii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  
,s4 ,,con4 ,,res4 #cc  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate  
,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,janu>y #i1    
#bjbj,mr4 ,udall submitt$ ! foll[+      
concurr5t resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! 
,committee on ,=eign ,relations         
,,concurr5t ,,resolution  ,direct+ !    
,presid5t pursuant to section #e7;c7 ( !
 ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution to t]m9ate ! use 
( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to engage 9 
ho/ilities 9 or aga9/ ,iran4  #a4       
,t]m9ation ( use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$  
,=ces to engage 9 ho/ilities 9 or aga9/ 
,iran  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress makes !     
foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,iran 
is a lead+ /ate sponsor ( t]rorism &    
engages 9 a range ( de/abiliz+          
activities across ! ,middle ,ea/4       
,iranian ,g5]al ,qassem ,soleimani 0 !  
lead ar*itect ( mu* ( ,iran's de/abiliz+
 activities ?r\gh\t ! _w4  7#b7 ,!      
,unit$ ,/ates has an inh]5t "r to       
self-def5se aga9/ imm95t arm$ attacks4  
,! ,unit$ ,/ates ma9ta9s ! "r to ensure 
! safety ( diplomatic p]sonnel s]v+     

abroad4  7#c7 ,9 matt]s ( imm95t arm$   
attacks1 ! executive bran* %\ld indicate
 to ,congress :y milit>y action 0       
necess>y )9 a c]ta9 w9d[ ( opportunity1 
! possible h>m t miss+ ! w9d[ w\ld      
cause1 & :y ! action 0 likely to prev5t 
future disa/r\s attacks aga9/ ! ,unit$  
,/ates4  7#d7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates has      
national int]e/s 9 pres]v+ its p>tn]%ip 
) ,iraq & o!r c\ntries 9 ! region1      
includ+ by--  7,a7 combat+ t]rori/s1    
includ+ ! ,islamic ,/ate ( ,iraq &      
,syria 7,,isis72  7,b7 prev5t+ ,iran f  
a*iev+ a nucle> weapons capability2 &   
7,c7 support+ ! p ( ,iraq1 ,iran1 & o!r 
c\ntries ?r\gh\t ! ,middle ,ea/ :o dem& 
an end to gov]nm5t corruption &         
violations ( basic human rights4  7#e7  
,ov] ! pa/ eight mon?s1 9 response to   
ris+ t5sions ) ,iran1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
has introduc$ ov] #ae1jjj additional    
=ces into ! ,middle ,ea/4  7#f7 ,:5 !   
,unit$ ,/ates uses milit>y =ce1 !       
,am]ican p & memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
,arm$ ,=ces des]ve a cr$ible explanation

 reg>d+ su* use ( milit>y =ce4  7#g7 ,! 
,w> ,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4    
#aeda et seq47 requires ! ,presid5t to  
consult ) ,congress 9 e possible in/ance
 be=e introduc+ ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$     
,=ces into ho/ilities4  7#h7 ,congress  
has n au?oriz$ ! ,presid5t to use       
milit>y =ce aga9/ ,iran4  7b7 ,t]m9ation
 ,pursuant to section #e7;c7 ( ! ,w>    
,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4        
#aedd7;c771 ,congress h]eby directs !   
,presid5t to t]m9ate ! use ( ,unit$     
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to engage 9          
ho/ilities 9 or aga9/ ,iran or any "p ( 
its gov]nm5t or milit>y1 unless--  7#a7 
,congress has decl>$ w> or enact$       
specific /atutory au?orization = su* use
 ( ! ,arm$ ,=ces2 or  7#b7 su* use ( !  
,arm$ ,=ces is necess>y & appropriate to
 def5d aga9/ an imm95t arm$ attack ^u ! 
,unit$ ,/ates1 its t]ritories or        
possessions1 or its ,arm$ ,=ces1        
consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( ! ,w> ,p[]s  
,resolution4  7c7 ,rule ( con/ruction   
,no?+ 9 ?is section may be con/ru$--    

7#a7 to prev5t ! ,presid5t f us+ milit>y
 =ce aga9/ al ,qa$a or associat$ =ces2  
7#b7 to limit ! obligations ( !         
executive bran* set =? 9 ! ,w> ,p[]s    
,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #aeda et     
seq472  7#c7 to affect ! provisions ( an
 ,act or jo9t resolution ( ,congress    
specifically au?oriz+ ! use ( ,unit$    
,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to engage 9          
ho/ilities aga9/ ,iran or any "p ( its  
gov]nm5t or milit>y t is enact$ aft] !  
date ( ! adoption ( ?is concurr5t       
resolution2  7#d7 to prev5t ! use (     
necess>y & appropriate milit>y =ce to   
def5d ,unit$ ,/ates allies & p>tn]s if  
au?oriz$ by ,congress consi/5t ) !      
requirem5ts ( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution2  
or  7#e7 to au?orize ! use ( milit>y    
=ce4