,,ii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #didf  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,decemb] #b1 #bjbj,mr4 
,m>key 7= himself & ,mr4 ,m]kley7       
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read     
twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign
 ,relations  ,a ,,bill  ,to c\nt] ,saudi
 ,arabia's possible pursuit ( weapons ( 
mass de/ruction1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 
,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !   
,/opp+ ,activities ,und]p9n+ ,developm5t
 ,9 ,weapons ( ,mass ,de/ruction ,act or
 ! ,,saudi ,,wmd ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s      
,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,! 
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 79 ?is ,act ref]r$
 to z ,*9a71 became a full-p>ticipant ( 
! ,nucle> ,suppli]s ,gr\p 9 #bjjd1      
committ+ x to apply a /rong presumption 
( d5ial 9 export+ nucle>-relat$ items t 
a =eign c\ntry c\ld div]t to a nucle>   
weapons program4  7#b7 ,*9a also        
committ$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ,novemb] 
#bjjj1 to abide by ! f\ndational        
pr9ciples ( ! #aihg ,missile ,te*nology 
,control ,regime 7,,mtcr7 to n assi/1 9 

any way1 any c\ntry 9 ! developm5t (    
balli/ic missiles t c be us$ to deliv]  
nucle> weapons 7i4e41 missiles capable (
 deliv]+ a payload ( at lea/ #ejj       
kilograms to a di/ance ( at lea/ #cjj   
kilomet]s74  7#c7 ,9 ! #aihjs1 ,*9a     
secretly sold ! ,k+dom ( ,saudi ,arabia 
79 ?is ,act ref]r$ to z ,saudi ,arabia7 
conv5tionally arm$ ,,df-#c;,a balli/ic  
missiles1 & 9 #bjjg1 report$ly sold     
,saudi ,arabia dual-use capable ,,df-#ba
 m$ium-range balli/ic missiles ( a #cjj 
kilomet]1 #ejj-kilogram range & payload 
?re%old :i* %\ld h trigg]$ a d5ial (    
sale "u ! ,,mtcr4  7#d7 ,! #bjbj        
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate ,report on ! ,adh]5ce 
to & ,compliance ) ,arms ,control1      
,nonprolif]ation1 & ,dis>mam5t          
,agreem5ts & ,commitm5ts f\nd t ,*9a    
cont9u$ to supply ,,mtcr-controll$ goods
 to missile programs ( prolif]ation     
conc]n 9 #bjai & t ! ,unit$ ,/ates      
impos$ sanctions on n9e ,*9ese entities 
= cov]$ missile transf]s to ,iran4  7#e7
 ,a ,june #e1 #bjai1 press report       

indicat$ t ,*9a alleg$ly provid$        
assi/ance to ,saudi ,arabia 9 !         
developm5t ( a balli/ic missile         
facility1 :i* if confirm$1 w\ld violate 
! purpose ( ! ,,mtcr & run contr>y to ! 
long/&+ ,unit$ ,/ates policy priority to
 prev5t weapons ( mass de/ruction       
prolif]ation 9 ! ,middle ,ea/4  7#f7 ,! 
,arms ,export & ,control ,act ( #aigf   
7,public ,law #ic-cbi7 requires !       
,presid5t to sanction any =eign p]son or
 gov]nm5t :o kn[+ly exports1 transf]s1  
or o!rwise engages 9 ! trade ( any      
,,mtcr equipm5t or te*nology to a c\ntry
 t does n adh]e to ! ,,mtcr4  7#g7 ,*9a 
conclud$ two nucle> coop]ation agreem5ts
 ) ,saudi ,arabia 9 #bjab & #bjag1      
respectively1 :i* may facilitate ,*9a's 
bid to build two reactors 9 ,saudi      
,arabia to g5]ate #b4i                  
,gigawatt-electric 7,g,we7 (            
electricity4  7#h7 ,on ,augu/ #d1 #bjbj1
 a press report reveal$ ! alleg$ exi/5ce
 ( a previ\sly undisclos$ uranium       
yell[cake extraction facility 9 ,saudi  

,arabia alleg$ly con/ruct$ ) ! assi/ance
 ( ,*9a1 :i* if confirm$1 w\ld indicate 
significant progress by ,saudi ,arabia 9
 develop+ ! e>ly /ages ( ! nucle> fuel  
cycle t prec$e uranium enri*m5t4  7#i7  
,saudi ,arabia's outdat$ ,small         
,quantities ,protocol & its lack ( an 9 
=ce ,additional ,protocol to its        
,int]national ,atomic ,en]gy ,ag5cy     
7,,iaea7 ,compreh5sive ,safegu>ds       
,agreem5t sev]ely curtails ,,iaea       
inspections1 :i* has l$ ! ,ag5cy to call
 ^u ,saudi ,arabia to ei!r resc9d or    
update its ,small ,quantities ,protocol4
  7#aj7 ,9 ,may #bd1 #bjah1 te/imony    
be=e ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations (
 ! ,s5ate1 ,secret>y ( ,/ate ,mike      
,pompeo said t ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld     
insi/ ^u ! gold /&>d 9 any bilat]al     
civilian nucle> coop]ation #abc agreem5t
 ) ,saudi ,arabia--no 9-c\ntry enri*m5t 
( uranium or reprocess+ ( plutonium--a  
/&>d ! ,unit$ ,/ates a*iev$ ) ! ,unit$  
,arab ,emirates 9 _! own ,may #bjji     
bilat]al #abc agreem5t4  7#aa7 ,on ,m>* 

#ae1 #bjah1 ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce ( ,saudi     
,arabia1 ,mohammad b9-,salman1 /at$ t if
 ,iran develop$ a nucle> bomb1 we w\ld  
foll[ suit z soon z possible1 rais+     
que/ions ab\t :e!r a ,saudi ,arabian    
nucle> program w\ld rema9 exclusively   
peaceful1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! abs5ce ( robu/ 
int]national ,,iaea safegu>ds4  7#ab7   
,an ,augu/ #i1 #bjai1 /udy by ! ,unit$  
,nations ,high ,commission] = ,human    
,rights f\nd t ! ,saudi ,arabia-l$      
milit>y coalition air/rikes 9 ,yem5 &   
its re/rictions on ! fl[ ( humanit>ian  
assi/ance to ! c\ntry1 bo? ( :i* h      
disproportionately impact$ civilians1   
may be violations ( int]national        
humanit>ian law4  #c4 ,det]m9ation (    
possible ,,mtcr transf]s to ,saudi      
,arabia  7a7 ,,mtcr transf]s ,n lat] ?an
 #cj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act1 ! ,presid5t %all submit to !     
appropriate committees ( ,congress a    
writt5 det]m9ation1 & any docum5tation  
to support t det]m9ation detail+-- 7#a7 
:e!r any =eign p]son kn[+ly export$1    

transf]r$1 or engag$ 9 trade ( any item 
designat$ "u ,category ,i ( ! ,,mtcr    
,annex item ) ,saudi ,arabia 9 ! previ\s
 ?ree fiscal ye>s2 &  7#b7 ! sanctions !
 ,presid5t has impos$ or int5ds to      
impose pursuant to section #aa;,b7b7 ( !
 ,export ,adm9i/ration ,act ( #aigi 7#ej
 ,u4,s4,c4 #dfab7;b77 aga9/ any =eign   
p]son :o kn[+ly engag$ 9 ! export1      
transf]1 or trade ( t item or items4    
7b7 ,waiv] ,not)/&+ any provision (     
p>agraphs 7#c7 ?r\gh 7#g7 ( section     
#aa7;,b77b7 ( ! ,export ,adm9i/ration   
,act ( #aigi 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #dfab7;b771 
! ,presid5t may only waive ! application
 ( sanctions "u su* section ) respect to
 ,saudi ,arabia if t c\ntry is v]ifiably
 det]m9$ to no long] possess an item    
designat$ "u ,category ,i ( ! ,,mtcr    
,annex receiv$ 9 ! previ\s ?ree fiscal  
ye>s4  7c7 ,=m ( report ,! det]m9ation  
requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all be       
unclassifi$ ) a classifi$ annex4  #d4   
,prohibition on ,unit$ ,/ates arms sales
 to ,saudi ,arabia if x imports nucle>  

te*nology )\t safegu>ds  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!
 ,unit$ ,/ates %all n sell1 transf]1 or 
au?orize lic5ses = export ( any item    
designat$ "u ,category ,,iii1 ,,iv1     
,,vii1 or ,,viii on ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,munitions ,li/ pursuant to section     
#ch7;a77#a7 ( ! ,arms ,export ,control  
,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bggh7;a77#a77 to   
,saudi ,arabia1 o!r ?an gr\nd-bas$      
missile def5se sy/ems1 if ,saudi ,arabia
 has1 9 ! previ\s #c fiscal ye>s-- 7#a7 
kn[+ly import$ any item classifi$ z     
plants = ! sep>ation ( isotopes (       
uranium or plants = ! reprocess+ (      
irradiat$ nucle> reactor fuel elem5ts "u
 ,"p #aaj ( ! ,nucle> ,regulatory       
,commission export lic5s+ au?ority2 or  
7#b7 engag$ 9 nucle> coop]ation relat$  
to ! con/ruction ( any nucle>-relat$    
fuel cycle facility or activity t has n 
be5 notifi$ to ! ,,iaea & w\ld be       
subject to complem5t>y access if an     
,additional ,protocol 0 9 =ce4  7b7     
,waiv] ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate may waive ! 
prohibition "u subsection 7a7 ) respect 

to a =eign c\ntry if ! ,secret>y submits
 to ! appropriate committees ( ,congress
 a writt5 c]tification t conta9s a      
det]m9ation1 & any relevant docum5tation
 on :i* ! det]m9ation is bas$1 t ,saudi 
,arabia-- 7#a7 has br\ght into =ce an   
,additional ,protocol to ! ,,iaea       
,compreh5sive ,safegu>ds ,agreem5t bas$ 
on ! model describ$ 9 ,,iaea            
,,infcirc_/#edj2  7#b7 has conclud$ a   
civilian nucle> coop]ation agreem5t ) ! 
,unit$ ,/ates "u section #abc ( !       
,atomic ,en]gy ,act ( #aied 7#db        
,u4,s4,c4 #baec7 or ano!r suppli] t     
prohibits ! enri*m5t ( uranium or       
sep>ation ( plutonium on its own        
t]ritory2 &  7#c7 has resc9d$ its ,small
 ,quantities ,protocol & is n f\nd by ! 
,,iaea ,bo>d ( ,gov]nors to be 9        
noncompliance ) its ,compreh5sive       
,safegu>ds ,agreem5t4  7c7 ,rule (      
con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be    
con/ru$ z sup]s$+ ! obligation ( !      
,presid5t "u section #ejb;,b7a77#b7 or  
section #fbj;,i7a7 ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance

 ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4            
#bcjd7;a77#b71 #bb ,u4,s4,c4            
#bcgh-a7;a771 respectively1 to n furni% 
security assi/ance to ,saudi ,arabia or 
any c\ntry if x-- 7#a7 engages 9 a      
consi/5t patt]n ( gross violations (    
int]nationally recogniz$ human rights2  
or  7#b7 prohibits or o!rwise re/ricts1 
directly or indirectly1 ! transport or  
deliv]y ( ,unit$ ,/ates humanit>ian     
assi/ance4  #e4 ,middle ,ea/            
nonprolif]ation /rategy  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n
 lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! date ( !      
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & annually !reaft]1
 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate & ! ,secret>y (    
,en]gy1 9 consultation ) ! ,director (  
,national ,intellig5ce1 %all provide !  
appropriate committees ( ,congress1 z an
 app5dix to ! ,report on ! ,adh]5ce to &
 ,compliance ) ,arms ,control1          
,nonprolif]ation1 & ,dis>mam5t          
,agreem5ts & ,commitm5ts1 a report on   
,,mtcr compliance & ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,middle ,ea/ nonprolif]ation /rategy4   
7b7 ,elem5ts ,! report requir$ "u       

subsection 7a7 %all include ! foll[+    
elem5ts3 7#a7 ,an assessm5t ( ,*9a's    
compliance1 9 ! previ\s fiscal ye>1 )   
its ,novemb] #bjjj commitm5t to abide by
 ! ,,mtcr & ,unit$ ,/ates diplomatic    
ef=ts to address non-compliance4  7#b7  
,a description ( e =eign p]son t1 9 !   
previ\s fiscal ye>1 engag$ 9 ! export1  
transf]1 or trade ( ,,mtcr items to a   
c\ntry t is a non-,,mtcr adh]5t1 & a    
description ( ! sanctions ! ,presid5t   
impos$ pursuant to section #aa;,b7b7 ( !
 ,export ,adm9i/ration ,act ( #aigi 7#ej
 ,u4,s4,c4 #dfab7;b774  7#c7 ,a detail$ 
/rategy to prev5t ! prolif]ation (      
balli/ic missile & s5sitive nucle>      
te*nology 9 ! ,middle ,ea/ & ,nor?      
,africa f ,*9a & o!r =eign c\ntries1    
includ+ ! foll[+ elem5ts3 7,a7 ,an      
assessm5t ( ! prolif]ation risks        
associat$ ) conclud+ or r5ew+ a civilian
 nucle> coop]ation #abc agreem5t ) any  
c\ntry 9 ! ,middle-,ea/ & ,nor? ,africa 
& ! risks ( su* if t same equipm5t &    
te*nology is s\rc$ f a =eign /ate4  7,b7

 ,an update on ,unit$ ,/ates bilat]al & 
multilat]al diplomatic actions to       
comm5ce negotiations on a ,weapons (    
,mass ,de/ruction ,free ,zone 7,,wmdfz7 
s9ce ! #bjae ,nucle> ,nonprolif]ation   
,treaty ,review ,conf]5ce4  7,c7 ,a     
description ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t   
ef=ts to a*ieve global adh]5ce &        
compliance ) ! ,nucle> ,suppli]s ,gr\p1 
,,mtcr1 & ! #bjjb ,int]national ,code ( 
,conduct aga9/ ,balli/ic ,missile       
,prolif]ation guidel9es4  7#d7 ,an      
acc\nt ( ! brief+s to ! appropriate     
committees ( ,congress 9 ! report+ p]iod
 detail+ negotiations on any new or     
r5ew$ civilian nucle> coop]ation #abc   
agreem5t ) any c\ntry consi/5t ) ! int5t
 ( ! ,atomic ,en]gy ,act ( #aied 7#db   
,u4,s4,c4 #bjaa et seq474  7c7 ,=m (    
report ,! report requir$ "u subsection  
7a7 %all be unclassifi$ ) a classifi$   
annex4  #f4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3    
7#a7 ,appropriate committees ( ,congress
 ,! t]m appropriate committees (        
,congress means-- 7,a7 ! ,select        

,committee on ,intellig5ce ( ! ,s5ate2  
7,b7 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations (
 ! ,s5ate2  7,c7 ! ,select ,committee on
 ,intellig5ce ( ! ,h\se (               
,repres5tative2 &  7,d7 ! ,committee on 
,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives4  7#b7 ,=eign p]son2    
p]son ,! t]ms =eign p]son & p]son mean--
 7,a7 a natural p]son t is an ali52     
7,b7 a corporation1 bus9ess association1
 p>tn]%ip1 society1 tru/1 or any o!r    
nongov]nm5tal entity1 organization1 or  
gr\p1 t is organiz$ "u ! laws ( a =eign 
c\ntry or has its pr9cipal place (      
bus9ess 9 a =eign c\ntry2  7,c7 any     
=eign gov]nm5tal entity op]at+ z a      
bus9ess ent]prise2 &  7,d7 any          
successor1 subunit1 or subsidi>y ( any  
entity describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b7 or   
7,c74  7#c7 ,middle ,ea/ & ,nor? ,africa
 ,! t]m ,middle ,ea/ & ,nor? ,africa    
means ^? c\ntries t are includ$ 9 !     
,area ( ,responsibility ( ! ,assi/ant   
,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,ne> ,ea/]n         
,affairs4