,,ii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #dfjd  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,septemb] #af1         
#bjbj,mr4 ,cruz introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2
 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to !         
,committee on ,bank+1 ,h\s+1 & ,urban   
,affairs  ,a ,,bill  ,to require !      
imposition ( sanctions ) respect to     
c]ta9 p]sons 9 ! def5se sectors ( nucle>
 weapons /ates t are n fulfill+ _!      
obligations "u article ,,vi ( ! ,nucle> 
,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty1 & = o!r     
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,/rongly & ,unambigu\sly   
,sanction+ ,prolif]ators ,exploit+      
,nucle> ,diplomacy ,act ( #bjbj or !    
,,susp5d ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress    
makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,! gov]nm5ts 
( nucle> weapons /ates h committ$1 9    
accordance ) article ,,vi ( ! ,treaty on
 ! ,non-,prolif]ation ( ,nucle>         
,weapons1 done at ,wa%+ton1 ,london1 &  
,mosc[ ,july #a1 #aifh 7#ba ,,u/ #dhc7  
7commonly ref]r$ to z ! ,nucle>         
,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty71 to pursue  

negotiations 9 good fai? on effective   
measures relat+ to cessation ( ! nucle> 
arms race at an e>ly date & to nucle>   
dis>mam5t4  7#b7 ,9 #bjah ! ,nucle>     
,po/ure ,review confirm$ t-- 7,a7 the   
,unit$ ,/ates rema9s committ$ to its    
ef=ts 9 support ( ! ultimate global     
elim9ation ( nucle>1 biological1 &      
*emical weapons2  7,b7 while ! ,unit$   
,/ates has cont9u$ to r$uce ! numb] &   
sali5ce ( nucle> weapons1 o!rs1 includ+ 
,russia & ,*9a1 h mov$ 9 ! opposite     
direction2 &  7,c7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has  
long s\ght a dialogue ) ,*9a to enhance 
our und]/&+ ( our respective nucle>     
policies1 doctr9e1 & capabilities2 to   
improve transp>5cy2 & to help manage !  
risks ( miscalculation & misp]ception4  
7#c7 ,on ,may #bi1 #bjai1 ! ,director ( 
! ,def5se ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy1 ,lt4 ,g54
 ,rob]t ,p4 ,a%ley1 ,jr41 /at$-- 7,a7   
,russia is upgrad+ ! capacity ( its     
nucle> =ces4 ,we assess its ov]all      
nucle> /ockpile is likely to gr[        
significantly ov] ! next decade42 &     

7,b7 ,ov] ! next decade1 ,*9a is likely 
to at lea/ d\ble ! size ( its nucle>    
/ockpile 9 ! c\rse ( implem5t+ ! mo/    
rapid expansion & div]sification ( its  
nucle> ars5al 9 ,*9a's hi/ory44  7#d7 ,9
 #bjai1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates-,*9a ,economic &
 ,security ,review ,commission report$  
to ,congress t-- 7,a7 ! ,p's ,republic (
 ,*9a's enhanc$ program ( milit>y-civil 
fusion seeks to mobilize civilian       
te*nological advances 9 support ( ,*9a's
 milit>y mod]nization2 &  7,b7 ,z "p (  
milit>y-civil fusion1 ,*9ese firms obta9
 dual-use te*nologies ?r\gh ov]seas     
acquisitions support$ by gov]nm5t fund+4
 ,= in/ance1 s9ce its creation 9 #bjjh1 
/ate-own$ def5se conglom]ate ,aviation  
,indu/ry ,corporation ( ,*9a 7,,avic7   
has sp5t at lea/ #c4c billion acquir+ at
 lea/ #bj a]ospace1 automotive1 &       
eng9e]+ firms1 ma9ly 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates &
 ,europe44  #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3
 7#a7 ,kn[+ly ,! t]m kn[+ly1 ) respect  
to conduct1 a circum/ance1 or a result1 
means t a p]son has actual k1 or %\ld h 

kn[n1 ( ! conduct1 ! circum/ance1 or !  
result4  7#b7 ,nucle> ,non-,prolif]ation
 ,treaty ,! t]m ,nucle>                 
,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty means !      
,treaty on ! ,non-,prolif]ation (       
,nucle> ,weapons1 done at ,wa%+ton1     
,london1 & ,mosc[ ,july #a1 #aifh 7#ba  
,,u/ #dhc74  7#c7 ,nucle> weapons /ate  
,! t]m nucle> weapons /ate means a      
c\ntry t is a nucle>-weapons /ate p>ty  
to ! ,nucle> ,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty4
  7#d7 ,,sdn li/ ,! t]m ,,sdn li/ means 
! li/ ( specially designat$ nationals & 
block$ p]sons ma9ta9$ by ! ,(fice (     
,=eign ,assets ,control ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( 
! ,treasury4  #d4 ,report on obs]vance (
 article ,,vi ( ,nucle>                 
,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty by nucle>    
weapons /ates ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft]
 ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 &      
annually !reaft]1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate   
%all submit to ,congress a report       
describ+ ! implem5tation & obs]vance (  
article ,,vi ( ! ,nucle>                
,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty by nucle>    

weapons /ates t includes ! det]m9ation (
 ! ,secret>y1 ) respect to ea* su* /ate1
 ( :e!r t /ate has1 dur+ ! ye> prec$+   
submission ( ! report1 pursued          
negotiations 9 good fai? on effective   
measures relat+ to cessation ( ! nucle> 
arms race at an e>ly date & to nucle>   
dis>mam5t 9 accordance ) su* article    
,,vi4  #e4 ,imposition ( sanctions )    
respect to c]ta9 p]sons 9 def5se sector 
( nucle> weapons /ates n fulfill+       
obligations "u article ,,vi ( ! ,nucle> 
,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty  7a7 ,9 g5]al
 ,! ,presid5t %all include on ! ,,sdn   
li/ any p]son t1 on or aft] ! date ( !  
enactm5t ( ?is ,act-- 7#a7 is an entity 
9 ! def5se indu/ry ( a c\ntry describ$ 9
 subsection 7b72  7#b7 is an individual 
:o is corporate (fic] or pr9cipal       
%>ehold] ( an entity describ$ 9 p>agraph
 7#a72  7#c7 kn[+ly provides significant
 f9ancial1 mat]ial1 te*nological1 or o!r
 support to a p]son describ$ 9 p>agraph 
7#a7 or 7#b72 or  7#d7 kn[+ly provides  
goods or s]vices 9 support ( any        

activity or transaction on behalf ( or =
 ! b5efit ( su* a p]son4  7b7 ,c\ntry   
describ$ ,a c\ntry describ$ 9 ?is       
subsection is a nucle> weapons /ate t is
 n a memb] ( ! ,nor? ,atlantic ,treaty  
,organization4  7c7 ,exception ,!       
,presid5t may n include an entity 9 !   
def5se indu/ry ( a c\ntry describ$ 9    
subsection 7b71 an individual :o is     
corporate (fic] or pr9cipal %>ehold] (  
su* an entity1 or a p]son t provides    
support or goods or s]vices to su* an   
entity or individual z describ$ 9       
p>agraph 7#c7 or 7#d7 ( subsection 7a71 
on ! ,,sdn li/ pursuant to subsection   
7a7 if1 9 ! mo/ rec5t report requir$ by 
section #d1 ! ,presid5t det]m9es t !    
c\ntry has pursued negotiations 9 good  
fai? on effective measures relat+ to    
cessation ( ! nucle> arms race at an    
e>ly date & to nucle> dis>mam5t pursuant
 to ! obligations ( ! c\ntry "u article 
,,vi ( ! ,nucle> ,non-,prolif]ation     
,treaty dur+ ! p]iod cov]$ by ! report4