,,ii #aafth ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #dbgb ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,july #bb1 #bjbj,mr4 ,risch 7for himself1 ,mr4 ,gardner1 ,mr4 ,romney1 and ,mr4 ,young7 introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations ,a ,,bill ,to advance a policy for managed strategic competition with the ,people's ,republic of ,china4 #a4 ,short titles ,this ,act may be cited as the ,strengthening ,trade1 ,regional ,alliances1 ,technology1 and ,economic and ,geopolitical ,initiatives concerning ,china ,act or the ,,strategic ,act4 #b4 ,table of contents ,the table of contents for this ,act is as follows3 ,sec4 #a4 ,short titles4,sec4 #b4 ,table of contents4,sec4 #c4 ,definitions4,,title ,i--,a comprehensive ,china policy,sec4 #aja4 ,findings4,sec4 #ajb4 ,statement of policy4,sec4 #ajc4 ,sense of ,congress4,,title ,,ii--,protecting the ,united ,states from ,china's discriminatory economic practices,sec4 #bja4 ,findings and sense of ,congress regarding the ,,prc's industrial policy4,sec4 #bjb4 ,intellectual property violators list4,sec4 #bjc4 ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china subsidies list4,sec4 #bjd4 ,review of petitions related to intellectual property theft and forced technology transfer4,sec4 #bje4 ,predatory pricing by entities owned1 controlled1 or directed by a foreign state4,sec4 #bjf4 ,reporting on requests to comply with the corporate social credit system in the ,people's ,republic of ,china4,sec4 #bjg4 ,annual review on the presence of ,chinese companies in ,united ,states capital markets4,,title ,,iii--,reinvesting in ,american and allied technological competitiveness,sec4 #cja4 ,regulatory exchanges with allies and partners4,sec4 #cjb4 ,authorization to assist ,united ,states companies with supply chain diversification and management4,sec4 #cjc4 ,scientific and private sector advisory panel on protection of critical technologies4,sec4 #cjd4 ,establishment of a tech coalition4,sec4 #cje4 ,united ,states representation in standards-setting bodies4,,title ,,iv--,safeguarding ,american institutions,sec4 #dja4 ,amendments to ,higher ,education ,act of #aife4,sec4 #djb4 ,amendment to ,foreign ,agent ,registration ,act regarding gifts made to universities4,sec4 #djc4 ,designation of a country of national security concern in the ,foreign ,agent ,registration ,act4,sec4 #djd4 ,ban on ,senate-confirmed ,department of ,state officials representing countries of national security concern4,sec4 #dje4 ,amendment to the ,mutual ,educational and ,cultural ,exchange ,act4,,title ,v--,maintaining the integrity of international organizations,sec4 #eja4 ,office of ,integrity in the ,united ,nations ,system4,,title ,,vi--,bolstering ,united ,states and allied defense and security,sec4 #fja4 ,findings4,sec4 #fjb4 ,statement of policy expressing the political will of the ,united ,states to defend its interests in the ,indo-,pacific and pursue expanded political-military cooperation with allies and partners4,sec4 #fjc4 ,sense of ,congress regarding bolstering security partnerships in the ,indo-,pacific4,sec4 #fjd4 ,report on capability development of ,indo-,pacific allies and partners4,sec4 #fje4 ,statement of policy on unmanned aerial systems and the ,missile ,technology ,control ,regime4,sec4 #fjf4 ,report on national technology and industrial base4,sec4 #fjg4 ,authorization of appropriations for ,southeast ,asia maritime security programs and diplomatic outreach activities4,sec4 #fjh4 ,report on ,china ,coast ,guard4,sec4 #fji4 ,report on ,chinese military activity in ,djibouti4,,title ,,vii--,fostering cooperation between the ,united ,states and the ,people's ,republic of ,china,sec4 #gja4 ,sense of ,congress regarding ,united ,states-,people's ,republic of ,china cooperation on conservation and a healthy environment4,sec4 #gjb4 ,strategy on cooperation on wildlife and related trafficking4,sec4 #gjc4 ,statement of policy regarding universal implementation of ,united ,nations sanctions on ,north ,korea4,sec4 #gjd4 ,government ,accountability ,office report on ,united ,states-,,prc technical research cooperation4,sec4 #gje4 ,findings on strategic stability and arms control4,sec4 #gjf4 ,cooperation on a strategic nuclear dialogue4,sec4 #gjg4 ,agreements4 #c4 ,definitions ,in this ,act3 7#a7 ,,ccp ,the term ,,ccp means the ,chinese ,communist ,party4 7#b7 ,centrally administered1 state-owned enterprise ,the term centrally administered1 state-owned enterprise means any company that previously was or currently is-- 7,a7 7i7 incorporated in the ,,prc2 and 7ii7 supervised and managed by the ,state-owned ,assets ,supervision and ,administration ,commission of the ,state ,council of the ,,prc2 or 7,b7 an owned or controlled subsidiary of an enterprise meeting the requirements under subparagraph 7,a74 7#c7 ,people's liberation army2 ,,pla ,the terms ,people's ,liberation ,army and ,,pla mean the armed forces of the ,people's ,republic of ,china4 7#d7 ,,prc2 ,china ,the terms ,,prc and ,china mean the ,people's ,republic of ,china4 ,i ,a comprehensive ,china policy #aja4 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,the ,people's ,republic of ,china has increased its political1 diplomatic1 economic1 military1 technological1 and ideological power to become a strategic1 near-peer1 global competitor of the ,united ,states4 ,the policies increasingly pursued by the ,,prc in each of these domains are contrary to the interests and values of the ,united ,states1 its partners1 and much of the rest of the world4 7#b7 ,the current competition between the ,united ,states and the ,,prc-- 7,a7 is taking place over the future character of the international order2 7,b7 will shape the rules1 norms1 and institutions that govern relations among states in the coming decades2 7,c7 will determine the ability of the ,united ,states to secure its national interests2 and 7,d7 will determine future levels of peace1 prosperity1 and freedom for the ,united ,states and the international community in the coming decades4 7#c7 ,after normalizing diplomatic relations with the ,,prc in #aigi1 the ,united ,states actively worked to advance the ,,prc's economic and social development to ensure that it participated in1 and benefitted from1 the free and open international order4 ,the ,united ,states pursued these goals and contributed to the welfare of the ,chinese people by-- 7,a7 increasing the ,,prc's trade relations and access to global capital markets2 7,b7 promoting the ,,prc's accession to the ,world ,trade ,organization2 7,c7 providing development finance and technical assistance2 7,d7 promoting research collaboration2 7,e7 educating the ,,prc's top students2 7,f7 permitting transfers of cutting-edge technologies and scientific knowledge2 and 7,g7 providing intelligence and military assistance4 7#d7 ,it is now clear that the ,,prc has no intention of reforming politically or economically4 ,instead1 it is pursuing state-led1 mercantilist economic policies1 increasing restrictions on personal freedoms1 and implementing an aggressive and assertive foreign policy4 ,these policies frequently and deliberately undermine ,united ,states interests and are contrary to core ,united ,states values and the values of other nations1 both in the ,indo-,pacific and beyond4 ,in response to this strategic decision of the ,,prc1 the ,united ,states was compelled to reexamine and revise its strategy towards the ,,prc4 7#e7 ,the ,general ,secretary of the ,chinese ,communist ,party and the ,president of the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 ,xi ,jinping1 has elevated the ,great ,rejuvenation of the ,chinese ,nation as central to the domestic and foreign policy of the ,,prc4 ,his program demands-- 7,a7 strong1 centralized ,,ccp leadership2 7,b7 concentration of military power2 7,c7 a strong role for the ,,ccp in the state and the economy2 7,d7 an aggressive foreign policy seeking control over broadly asserted territorial claims2 and 7,e7 the denial of any universal values and individual rights that are deemed to threaten the ,,ccp4 7#f7 ,the ,,prc views its ,leninist model of governance1 socialism with ,chinese characteristics1 as superior to1 and at odds with1 the constitutional models of the ,united ,states and other democracies4 ,this approach to governance is lauded by the ,,ccp as essential to securing the ,,prc's status as a global leader1 and to shaping the future of the world4 ,in a #bjac speech1 ,president ,xi said1 ,we firmly believe that as socialism with ,chinese characteristics develops further ''' it is ''' inevitable that the superiority of our socialist system will be increasingly apparent ''' and our country's road of development will have increasingly greater influence on the world44 7#g7 ,the ,,prc's objectives are to first establish regional hegemony over the ,indo-,pacific and then to use that dominant position to propel the ,,prc to become the leading world power4 ,the ,,prc seeks to shape an international order that is conducive to the interests of authoritarian and autocratic regimes4 ,achieving these objectives requires turning the ,,prc into a wealthy nation under strict ,,ccp rule by using a strong military and advanced technological capability to pursue the ,,prc's objectives1 regardless of other countries' interests4 7#h7 ,the ,,prc is reshaping the current international order1 which was built upon free and open ideals and principles1 by conducting global information and influence operations1 redefining international laws and norms to align with the objectives of the ,,ccp1 rejecting the legitimacy of internationally recognized human rights1 and securing leadership positions in multinational organizations to alter their agendas4 ,in ,december #bjah1 ,president ,xi suggested that the ,,ccp views its historic mission as not only to govern ,china1 but also to profoundly influence global governance to benefit the ,,ccp4 7#i7 ,the ,,prc is encouraging other countries to follow its model of socialism with ,chinese characteristics4 ,during the #aith ,party ,congress in #bjag1 ,president ,xi said that the ,,prc could serve as a model of development for other countries by utilizing ,chinese wisdom and a ,chinese approach to solving problems4 7#aj7 ,the ,,prc is promoting its governance model and attempting to weaken other models of governance by-- 7,a7 undermining democratic institutions2 7,b7 subverting financial institutions2 7,c7 coercing businesses to accommodate the policies of the ,,ccp2 and 7,d7 using disinformation to disguise the nature of the actions described in subparagraphs 7,a7 through 7,c74 7#aa7 ,the ,,prc is making great strides toward its goal of becoming the global leader in science and technology4 ,in ,may #bjah1 ,president ,xi said that for the ,,prc to reach prosperity and rejuvenation1 it needs to endeavor to be a major world center for science and innovation4 ,the ,,prc has invested the equivalent of billions of dollars into education and research and development and established joint scientific research centers and science universities4 ,scientists and scholars from the ,,prc have made numerous contributions to a wide array of fields1 including through international partnerships4 7#ab7 ,the ,,prc's drive1 however1 to become a manufacturing and technological superpower and to promote innovation with ,chinese characteristics is coming at the expense of human rights1 national security1 and longstanding international rules and norms about economic competition4 ,in particular1 the ,,prc advances its illiberal political and social policies through mass surveillance1 social credit systems1 and a significant role of the state in internet governance4 ,through these means1 the ,,prc increases direct and indirect government control over its citizens' everyday lives4 ,its national strategy of civil-military fusion mandates that civil and commercial research1 which increasingly drives global innovation1 is leveraged to develop new military capabilities4 7#ac7 ,the ,,prc is using legal and illegal means to achieve its objective of becoming a manufacturing and technological superpower4 ,the ,,prc uses state-directed industrial policies in anticompetitive ways to ensure the dominance of ,,prc companies4 ,the ,,ccp engages in and encourages actions that actively undermine a free and open international market1 such as intellectual property theft1 forced technology transfers1 regulatory and financial subsidies1 and mandatory ,,ccp access to proprietary data as part of business and commercial agreements between ,chinese and foreign companies4 7#ad7 ,the policies referred to in paragraph 7#ac7 freeze ,united ,states and other foreign firms out of the ,,prc market1 while eroding competition in other important markets4 ,the heavy subsidization of ,chinese companies includes potential violation of its ,world ,trade ,organization commitments4 ,in ,may #bjah1 ,president ,xi said that the ,,prc aims to keep the initiatives of innovation and development security ''' in ,china's own hands4 7#ae7 ,the ,,prc advances its global objectives through a variety of avenues1 including its signature initiative1 the ,belt and ,road ,initiative 7referred to in this section as ,,bri71 which is enshrined in the ,chinese ,constitution and includes the ,digital ,silk ,road and ,health ,silk ,road4 ,the ,,prc describes ,,bri as a straightforward and wholly beneficial plan for all countries4 ,in practice1 it seeks to advance an economic system with the ,,prc at its center1 making it the most concrete geographical representation of the ,,prc's global ambitions4 ,,bri increases the economic influence of state-owned ,chinese firms in global markets1 enhances the ,,prc's political leverage with government leaders around the world1 and provides greater access to strategic nodes such as ports and railways4 ,through ,,bri1 the ,,prc seeks political deference through economic dependence4 7#af7 ,the ,,prc is executing a plan to establish regional hegemony over the ,indo-,pacific and displace the ,united ,states from the region4 ,as a ,pacific power1 the ,united ,states has built and supported enduring alliances and economic partnerships that secure peace and prosperity and promote the rule of law and political pluralism in the ,pacific4 ,in contrast1 the ,,prc uses economic and military coercion in the region to secure the interests of the ,,ccp4 7#ag7 ,the ,,prc's military strategy seeks to keep the ,united ,states military from operating in the ,western ,pacific and erodes ,united ,states security guarantees4 7#ah7 ,the ,,prc is aggressively pursuing exclusive control of critical land routes1 sea lanes1 and air space in the ,indo-,pacific in the hopes of eventually exercising greater influence beyond the region4 ,this includes lanes crucial to commercial activity1 energy exploration1 transport1 and the exercise of security operations in areas permitted under international law4 7#ai7 ,the ,,prc seeks unification with ,taiwan through whatever means may ultimately be required4 ,the ,,ccp's insistence that reunification is ,taiwan's only option makes this goal inherently coercive4 ,in ,january #bjai1 ,president ,xi stated that the ,,prc makes no promise to renounce the use of force and reserves the option of taking all necessary means4 ,taiwan's embodiment of democratic values and economic liberalism challenges ,president ,xi's goal of achieving national rejuvenation4 ,the ,,prc plans to exploit ,taiwan's dominant strategic position in the ,first ,island ,chain and to project power into the ,second ,island ,chain and beyond4 7#bj7 ,in the ,south ,china ,sea1 the ,,prc has executed an illegal island-building campaign that interferes with freedom of navigation1 damages the environment1 bolsters the ,,pla power projection capabilities1 and coerces and intimidates other regional claimants in an effort to advance its unlawful claims and control the waters around neighboring countries4 ,despite ,president ,xi's ,september #bjae speech1 in which he said the ,,prc was not militarizing the ,south ,china ,sea1 during the #bjag #aith ,party ,congress1 ,president ,xi announced that construction on islands and reefs in the ,south ,china ,sea have seen steady progress4 7#ba7 ,the ,,prc is rapidly modernizing the ,,pla to attain a level of capacity and capability superior to the ,united ,states in terms of equipment and conduct of modern military operations by shifting its military doctrine from having a force adequate for ,china's defensive needs to having a force commensurate with ,china's international status4 ,ultimately1 this transformation will enable ,china to impose its will in the ,indo-,pacific region through the threat of military force4 ,in #bjag1 ,president ,xi established the following developmental benchmarks for the advancement of the ,,pla3 7,a7 ,a mechanized force with increased informatized and strategic capabilities by #bjbj4 7,b7 ,the complete modernization of ,china's national defense by #bjce4 7,c7 ,the full transformation of the ,,pla into a world-class force by #bjej4 7#bb7 ,the ,,prc's strategy and supporting policies described in this section undermine ,united ,states interests1 such as-- 7,a7 upholding a free and open international order2 7,b7 maintaining the integrity of international institutions with liberal norms and values2 7,c7 preserving a favorable balance of power in the ,indo-,pacific2 7,d7 ensuring the defense of its allies2 7,e7 preserving open sea and air lanes2 7,f7 fostering the free flow of commerce through open and transparent markets2 and 7,g7 promoting individual freedom and human rights4 7#bc7 ,the global ,,covid-#ai pandemic has intensified and accelerated these trends in the ,,prc's behavior and therefore increased the need for ,united ,states global leadership and a competitive posture4 ,the ,,prc has capitalized on the world's focus on the ,,covid-#ai pandemic by-- 7,a7 moving rapidly to undermine ,hong ,kong's autonomy1 including imposing a so-called national security law on ,hong ,kong2 7,b7 aggressively imposing its will in the ,east and ,south ,china ,seas2 7,c7 contributing to increased tensions with ,india2 and 7,d7 engaging in a widespread and government-directed disinformation campaign to obscure the ,,prc ,government's efforts to cover up the seriousness of ,,covid-#ai1 sow confusion about the origination of the outbreak1 and discredit the ,united ,states1 its allies1 and global health efforts4 7#bd7 ,in response to the ,,prc's strategy and policies1 the ,united ,states must-- 7,a7 adopt a strategy of managed strategic competition with the ,,prc to protect our vital interests2 and 7,b7 seek opportunities to cooperate with the ,,prc when such cooperation is in the ,united ,states national interests4 #ajb4 ,statement of policy 7a7 ,objectives ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states1 in pursuing managed strategic competition with the ,,prc1 to pursue the following objectives3 7#a7 ,the ,united ,states global leadership role is sustained and its political system and major foundations of national power are postured for long-term political1 economic1 technological1 and military competition with the ,,prc4 7#b7 ,the balance of power in the ,indo-,pacific remains favorable to the ,united ,states and its allies4 ,the ,united ,states and its allies maintain unfettered access to the region and the ,,prc neither dominates the region nor coerces its neighbors4 7#c7 ,the allies and partners of the ,united ,states-- 7,a7 maintain confidence in ,united ,states leadership and its commitment to the ,indo-,pacific region2 7,b7 can withstand and combat subversion and undue influence by the ,,prc2 and 7,c7 align themselves with the ,united ,states in setting global rules1 norms1 and standards4 7#d7 ,the combined weight of the ,united ,states and its allies and partners is strong enough to demonstrate to the ,,prc that the risks of attempts to dominate other states outweigh the potential benefits4 7#e7 ,the ,united ,states leads the free and open international order1 which is comprised of resilient states and institutions that uphold and defend principles1 including sovereignty1 rule of law1 individual freedom1 and human rights4 ,the international order is strengthened to defeat attempts at destabilization by illiberal and authoritarian actors4 7#f7 ,the key rules1 norms1 and standards of international engagement in the #bast century-- 7,a7 protect human rights1 commercial engagement and investment1 and technology2 and 7,b7 are in alignment with the values and interests of the ,united ,states1 its allies and partners1 and the free world4 7#g7 ,the ,,ccp cannot and does not-- 7,a7 subvert open and democratic societies2 7,b7 distort global markets2 7,c7 manipulate the international trade system2 7,d7 coerce other nations via economic and military means2 or 7,e7 use its technological advantages to undermine individual freedoms or other states' national security interests4 7#h7 ,the ,united ,states deters military confrontation with the ,,prc and both nations establish structured dialogue and negotiation mechanisms to reduce the risk of conflict4 ,the ,united ,states has a mutually respectful relationship with the ,,prc1 and the ,american people maintain friendly relations with the ,chinese people4 7b7 ,policy ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states1 in pursuit of the objectives set forth in subsection 7a7-- 7#a7 to strengthen the ,united ,states domestic foundation by reinvesting in market-based economic growth1 education1 scientific and technological innovation1 democratic institutions1 and other areas that improve the ,united ,states ability to pursue its vital economic1 foreign policy1 and national security interests2 7#b7 to pursue a strategy of managed strategic competition with the ,,prc in the political1 diplomatic1 economic1 development1 military1 informational1 and technological realms that maximizes ,united ,states strengths and increases the costs for the ,,prc of harming ,united ,states interests2 7#c7 to lead a free1 open1 and secure international system characterized by respect for sovereignty1 rule of law1 open markets and the free flow of commerce1 and a shared commitment to security and peaceful resolution of disputes1 human rights1 and transparent and citizen-centric governance2 7#d7 to strengthen and deepen ,united ,states alliances and partnerships1 prioritizing the ,indo-,pacific and ,europe1 by pursuing greater bilateral and multilateral cooperative initiatives that advance shared interests and bolster partner countries' confidence that the ,united ,states is and will remain a strong1 committed1 and constant partner2 7#e7 to encourage and aid ,united ,states allies and partners in boosting their own capabilities and resiliency to pursue1 defend1 and protect shared interests and values1 free from coercion and external pressure2 7#f7 to pursue fair1 reciprocal treatment and healthy competition in ,united ,states-,china economic relations by-- 7,a7 advancing policies that harden the ,united ,states economy against unfair and illegal commercial or trading practices and the coercion of ,united ,states businesses2 and 7,b7 tightening ,united ,states laws and regulations as necessary to prevent the ,,prc's attempts to harm ,united ,states economic competitiveness2 7#g7 to demonstrate the value of private sector-led growth in emerging markets around the world1 including through the use of ,united ,states ,government tools that-- 7,a7 support greater private sector investment and advance capacity-building initiatives that are grounded in the rule of law2 7,b7 promote open markets2 7,c7 establish clear policy and regulatory frameworks2 7,d7 improve the management of key economic sectors2 7,e7 reduce corruption2 and 7,f7 foster collaboration with partner countries and the ,united ,states private sector to develop secure and sustainable infrastructure2 7#h7 to lead in the advancement of international rules and norms that foster free and reciprocal trade and open and integrated markets2 7#i7 to conduct vigorous commercial diplomacy in support of ,united ,states companies and businesses in partner countries that seek fair competition2 7#aj7 to support greater private sector cooperation between the ,united ,states and its partners2 7#aa7 to ensure that the ,united ,states leads in the innovation of critical and emerging technologies1 such as next-generation telecommunications1 artificial intelligence1 quantum computing1 semiconductors1 and biotechnology1 by-- 7,a7 providing concrete incentives for the private sector to accelerate development of such technologies2 7,b7 improving contracting processes to enable the ,united ,states ,government-- 7i7 to allocate capital and work with start-up companies more efficiently2 and 7ii7 to increase investment in experimental technologies2 7,c7 modernizing export controls and investment restrictions to place a high fence around a small yard of critical technologies2 7,d7 enhancing ,united ,states leadership in technical standards-setting bodies and avenues for developing norms regarding the use of emerging critical technologies2 7,e7 reducing ,united ,states barriers and increasing incentives for collaboration with allies and partners on the research and codevelopment of critical technologies2 7,f7 collaborating with allies and partners to protect critical technologies by-- 7i7 crafting multilateral export control measures2 7ii7 building capacity for defense technology security2 7iii7 safeguarding chokepoints in the supply chains2 and 7iv7 ensuring diversification2 and 7,g7 designing major defense capabilities for export to allies and partners2 7#ab7 to enable the people of the ,united ,states1 including the private sector1 civil society1 universities and other academic institutions1 ,state and local legislators1 and other relevant actors to identify and remain vigilant to the risks posed by undue influence of the ,,ccp in the ,united ,states2 7#ac7 to enact legislation1 regulations1 and other measures to mitigate the risks referred to in paragraph 7#ab71 while still preserving opportunities for economic engagement1 academic research1 and cooperation in other areas where the ,united ,states and the ,,prc share interests2 7#ad7 to collaborate with advanced democracies and other willing partners to promote ideals and principles that-- 7,a7 advance a free and open order2 7,b7 strengthen democratic institutions2 7,c7 protect and promote human rights2 and 7,d7 uphold a free press and fact-based reporting2 7#ae7 to demonstrate effective leadership at the ,united ,nations1 its associated agencies1 and other multilateral organizations and defend the integrity of these organizations against co-optation by illiberal and authoritarian nations2 7#af7 to prioritize the defense of fundamental freedoms and human rights in the ,united ,states relationship with the ,,prc2 7#ag7 to cooperate with allies1 partners1 and multilateral organizations to hold the ,government of the ,,prc accountable for-- 7,a7 violations and abuses of human rights2 7,b7 restrictions on religious practices2 7,c7 abrogation of treaties and other international agreements related to human rights2 and 7,d7 other affronts to the freedom and individual liberty of the citizens of the ,,prc2 7#ah7 to expose the ,,prc's use of corruption1 repression1 coercion1 and other malign behavior to attain unfair economic advantage and deference of other nations to its political and strategic objectives2 7#ai7 to maintain ,united ,states access to the ,western ,pacific1 including by-- 7,a7 increasing the qualitative advantage of ,united ,states forward-deployed forces in the ,indo-,pacific region2 7,b7 modernizing the ,united ,states military through investments in existing and new major platforms1 emerging technologies1 critical in-theater force structure and enabling capabilities1 operational concepts1 and access agreements2 and 7,c7 operating and conducting exercises with allies and partners-- 7i7 to prevent the ,,pla from gaining the ability to project power and establish contested zones within the ,first and ,second ,island ,chains2 7ii7 to diminish the ability of the ,,pla to coerce its neighbors2 and 7iii7 to maintain open sea and air lanes1 particularly in the ,taiwan ,strait1 the ,east ,china ,sea1 and the ,south ,china ,sea2 7#bj7 to deter the ,,prc from-- 7,a7 coercing ,indo-,pacific nations1 including by developing more combat-credible forces that are integrated with allies and partners in contact1 blunt1 and surge layers and able to defeat any ,,prc theory of victory in the ,first or ,second ,island ,chains of the ,western ,pacific and beyond1 as called for in the #bjah ,national ,defense ,strategy2 or 7,b7 using gray-zone tactics below the level of armed conflict and initiating armed conflict2 7#ba7 to strengthen ,united ,states-,,prc military-to-military communication and improve de-escalation procedures to deconflict operations and reduce the risk of unwanted conflict2 and 7#bb7 to cooperate with the ,,prc if interests align1 conduct persistent and determined diplomacy that clarifies ,united ,states interests and values to ,chinese officials1 and pursue confidence-building measures in areas particularly susceptible to escalation4 #ajc4 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of ,congress that the execution of the policy described in section #ajb7;b7 requires the following actions3 7#a7 ,managed strategic competition with the ,,prc will require the ,united ,states-- 7,a7 to marshal sustained political will to protect its vital interests and advance its economic and national security objectives for decades to come2 and 7,b7 to achieve this sustained political will1 persuade the ,american people and ,united ,states allies and partners of-- 7i7 the challenges posed by the ,,prc2 and 7ii7 the need for long-term competition to defend shared interests and values4 7#b7 ,the ,united ,states must-- 7,a7 coordinate closely with allies and partners to compete effectively with the ,,prc2 7,b7 cooperate with the ,,prc where our interests align2 and 7,c7 pursue its interests1 while still accounting for partner country viewpoints on how to best approach the challenges posed by the ,,prc4 7#c7 ,at the same time1 other countries must step up to assume greater roles in balancing and checking the aggressive and assertive behavior of the ,,prc than the roles they have assumed in the past4 7#d7 ,the ,president of the ,united ,states must lead and direct the entire executive branch to make the ,people's ,republic of ,china the top priority in ,united ,states foreign policy4 ,at present1 the ,united ,states identifies it as such in the ,national ,security ,strategy and the ,national ,defense ,strategy1 but must further increase the prioritization of managed strategic competition with the ,,prc and broader ,united ,states interests in the ,indo-,pacific region in the conduct of foreign policy to implement the strategic imperatives outlined in those documents4 7#e7 ,the ,president should appoint a senior official in the ,executive ,office of the ,president with the authority and resources to coordinate the ,united ,states strategy of managed strategic competition with the ,,prc across the entire ,united ,states ,government4 7#f7 ,the head of every ,federal department and agency should designate a senior official at the level of ,under ,secretary or above to coordinate the department's or agency's policies with respect to managed strategic competition with the ,,prc4 7#g7 ,the ability of the ,united ,states to execute a strategy of managed strategic competition with the ,,prc will be undermined if our attention is repeatedly diverted to challenges that are not vital to ,united ,states economic and national security interests4 7#h7 ,in the coming decades1 the ,united ,states must prevent the ,,prc from-- 7,a7 establishing regional hegemony in the ,indo-,pacific2 and 7,b7 using that position to advance its assertive political1 economic1 and foreign policy goals around the world4 7#i7 ,the ,united ,states must ensure that the ,federal budget is properly aligned with the strategic imperative to compete with the ,,prc by-- 7,a7 authorizing sufficient levels of funding to resource all instruments of ,united ,states national power2 and 7,b7 coherently prioritizing how such funds are used4 7#aj7 ,sustained prioritization of the challenge posed by the ,,prc requires-- 7,a7 bipartisan cooperation within ,congress2 and 7,b7 frequent1 sustained1 and meaningful collaboration and consultation between the executive and legislative branches4 7#aa7 ,the ,united ,states must ensure close integration among economic and foreign policymakers1 the private sector1 civil society1 universities and academic institutions1 and other relevant actors in free and open societies affected by the challenges posed by the ,,prc to enable such actors-- 7,a7 to collaborate to advance common interests2 and 7,b7 to identify appropriate policies-- 7i7 to strengthen the ,united ,states and its allies2 7ii7 to promote a compelling vision of a free and open order2 and 7iii7 to push back against detrimental policies pursued by the ,,ccp4 7#ab7 ,the ,united ,states must ensure that all ,federal departments and agencies are organized to reflect the fact that competing with the ,,prc is the ,united ,states top foreign policy priority1 including through the assigned missions and location of ,united ,states ,government personnel1 by-- 7,a7 dedicating more personnel in the ,indo-,pacific region1 at posts around the world1 and in ,washington ,,dc1 with priorities directly relevant to advancing competition with the ,people's ,republic of ,china2 7,b7 placing greater numbers of foreign service officers1 international development professionals1 members of the foreign commercial service1 intelligence professionals1 and other ,united ,states ,government personnel in the ,indo-,pacific region2 and 7,c7 ensuring that this workforce1 both civilian and military1 has the training in language1 technical skills1 and other competencies required to advance a successful competitive strategy with the ,,prc4 7#ac7 ,the ,united ,states must place renewed emphasis on strengthening the nonmilitary instruments of national power1 including diplomacy1 information1 technology1 economics1 foreign assistance and development finance1 commerce1 intelligence1 and law enforcement1 which are crucial for addressing the unique economic1 political1 and ideological challenges posed by the ,,prc4 7#ad7 ,the ,united ,states should create a ,pacific ,deterrence ,initiative1 which shall be aligned with the overarching political and diplomatic objectives articulated in the ,asia ,reassurance ,initiative ,act 7,public ,law #aae-dji71 and that prioritizes the military investments necessary to achieve ,united ,states political objectives in the ,indo-,pacific1 including-- 7,a7 promoting regional security in the ,indo-,pacific2 7,b7 reassuring allies and partners while protecting them from coercion2 and 7,c7 deterring conflict with the ,,prc4 7#ae7 ,competition with the ,,prc requires the ,united ,states skillful adaptation to the information environment of the #bast century4 ,united ,states public diplomacy and messaging efforts must effectively-- 7,a7 promote the value of partnership with the ,united ,states2 7,b7 highlight the risks and costs of enmeshment with the ,,prc2 and 7,c7 counter ,,ccp propaganda and disinformation4 ,,ii ,protecting the ,united ,states from ,china's discriminatory economic practices #bja4 ,findings and sense of ,congress regarding the ,,prc's industrial policy 7a7 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 at the direction of the ,chinese ,communist ,party1 is advancing an ecosystem of anticompetitive economic and industrial policies that-- 7,a7 distort global markets2 7,b7 limit innovation2 7,c7 unfairly advantage ,,prc firms at the expense of the ,united ,states and other foreign firms2 and 7,d7 unfairly and harmfully prejudice consumer choice4 7#b7 ,of the extensive and systemic economic and industrial policies pursued by the ,,prc1 the mass subsidization of ,chinese firms1 intellectual property theft1 and forced technology transfer are among the most damaging to the global economy4 7#c7 ,through regulatory interventions and direct financial subsidies1 the ,,ccp1 for the purposes of advancing national political and economic objectives1 directs1 coerces1 and influences in anti-competitive ways the commercial activities of firms that are directed1 financed1 influenced1 or otherwise controlled by the state1 including state-owned enterprises1 and ostensibly independent and private ,chinese companies1 such as technology firms in strategic sectors4 7#d7 ,the ,,prc ,government1 at the national and subnational levels1 grants special privileges or status to certain ,,prc firms in key sectors designated as strategic1 such as telecommunications1 oil1 power1 aviation1 banking1 and semiconductors4 ,enterprises receive special state preferences in the form of favorable loans1 tax exemptions1 and preferential land access from the ,,ccp4 7#e7 ,the subsidization of ,,prc companies1 as described in paragraphs 7#c7 and 7#d7-- 7,a7 enables these companies to sell goods below market prices1 allowing them to outbid and crowd out market-based competitors and thereby pursue global dominance of key sectors2 7,b7 distorts the global market economy by undermining longstanding and generally accepted market-based principles of fair competition1 leading to barriers to entry and forced exit from the market for foreign or private firms1 not only in the ,,prc1 but in markets around the world2 7,c7 creates government-sponsored or supported de facto monopolies1 cartels1 and other anti-market arrangements in key sectors1 limiting or removing opportunities for other firms2 and 7,d7 leads to1 as a result of the issues described in paragraphs 7,a7 through 7,c71 declines in profits and revenue needed by foreign and private firms for research and development4 7#f7 ,the ,,ccp incentivizes and empowers ,chinese actors to steal critical technologies and trade secrets from private and foreign competitors operating in the ,,prc and around the world1 particularly in areas that the ,,ccp has identified as critical to advancing ,,prc objectives4 ,the ,,prc1 as directed by the ,,ccp1 also continues to implement anti-competitive regulations1 policies1 and practices that coerce the handover of technology and other propriety or sensitive data from foreign enterprises to domestic firms in exchange for access to the ,,prc market4 7#g7 ,companies in the ,united ,states and in foreign countries compete with state-subsidized ,,prc companies that enjoy the protection and power of the state in third-country markets around the world4 ,the advantages granted to ,,prc firms1 combined with significant restrictions to accessing the ,,prc market itself1 severely hamper the ability of ,united ,states and foreign firms to compete1 innovate1 and pursue the provision of best value to customers4 ,the result is an unbalanced playing field4 ,such an unsustainable course1 if not checked1 will over time lead to depressed competition around the world1 reduced opportunity1 and harm to both producers and consumers4 7#h7 ,as stated in the ,united ,states ,trade ,representative's investigation of the ,,prc's trade practices under section #cja of the ,trade ,act of #aigd 7#ai ,u4,s4,c4 #bdaa71 conducted in ,march #bjah1 ,when ,u4,s4 companies are deprived of fair returns on their investment in ,,ip1 they are unable to achieve the growth necessary to reinvest in innovation4 ,in this sense1 ,china's technology transfer regime directly burdens the innovation ecosystem that is an engine of economic growth in the ,united ,states and similarly-situated economies44 7#i7 ,in addition to forced technology described in this subsection1 the ,united ,states ,trade ,representative's investigation of the ,,prc under section #cja of the ,trade ,act of #aigd 7#ai ,u4,s4,c4 #bdaa7 also identified requirements that foreign firms license products at less than market value1 government-directed and government-subsidized acquisition of sensitive technology for strategic purposes1 and cyber theft as other key ,,prc technology and industrial policies that are unreasonable and discriminatory4 ,these policies place at risk ,united ,states intellectual property rights1 innovation and technological development1 and jobs in dozens of industries4 7#aj7 ,other elements of the ,,prc's ecosystem of industrial policies that harm innovation and distort global markets include-- 7,a7 advancement of policies that encourage local production over imports2 7,b7 continuation of policies that favor unique technical standards in use by ,chinese firms rather than globally accepted standards1 which often force foreign firms to alter their products and manufacturing chains to compete2 7,c7 requirements that foreign companies disclose proprietary information to qualify for the adoption of their standards for use in the ,,prc domestic market2 and 7,d7 maintenance of closed procurement processes1 which limit participation by foreign firms1 including by setting terms that require such firms to use domestic suppliers1 transfer know-how to firms in the ,,prc1 and disclose proprietary information4 7#aa7 ,the ,belt and ,road ,initiative 7,,bri7 and associated industry-specific efforts under this initiative1 such as the ,digital ,silk ,road1 are key vectors to advance the ,,prc's mercantilist policies and practices globally4 ,the resulting challenges do not only affect ,united ,states firms4 ,as the ,european ,chamber of ,commerce reported in a ,january #bjbj report1 the combination of concessional lending to ,chinese state-owned enterprises1 nontransparent procurement and bidding processes1 closed digital standards1 and other factors severely limit ,european and other participation in ,,bri and make competition with ,chinese companies in third-country markets extremely challenging4 ,this underscores a key objective of ,,bri1 which is to ensure the reliance of infrastructure1 digital technologies1 and other important goods on ,,prc supply chains and technical standards4 7b7 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 the challenges presented by a nonmarket economy like the ,,prc's economy1 which has captured such a large share of global economic exchange1 are in many ways unprecedented and require sufficiently elevated and sustained long-term focus and engagement2 7#b7 while the ,economic and ,trade ,agreement ,between the ,government of the ,united ,states and the ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 done at ,washington ,january #ae1 #bjbj1 makes initial progress in several areas1 including intellectual property and trade secret protection1 significant further steps are still required to address some of the more difficult economic and industrial policies issues in the ,,prc1 which affect the ,united ,states and other nations2 7#c7 in order to truly address the most detrimental aspects of ,,ccp-directed mercantilist economic strategy1 the ,united ,states must adopt policies that-- 7,a7 expose the full scope and scale of intellectual property theft and mass subsidization of ,chinese firms1 and the resulting harm to the ,united ,states1 foreign markets1 and the global economy2 7,b7 ensure that ,,prc companies face costs and consequences for anticompetitive behavior2 7,c7 provide options for affected ,united ,states persons to address and respond to unreasonable and discriminatory ,,ccp-directed industrial policies2 and 7,d7 strengthen the protection of critical technology and sensitive data1 while still fostering an environment that provides incentives for innovation and competition2 7#d7 the ,united ,states must work with its allies and partners through the ,organization for ,economic ,cooperation and ,development 7,,oecd71 the ,world ,trade ,organization1 and other venues and fora-- 7,a7 to reinforce long-standing generally accepted principles of fair competition and market behavior and address the ,,prc's anticompetitive economic and industrial policies that undermine decades of global growth and innovation2 7,b7 to ensure that the ,,prc is not granted the same treatment as that of a free-market economy until it ceases the implementation of laws1 regulations1 policies1 and practices that provide unfair advantage on ,,prc firms in furtherance of national objectives and impose unreasonable1 discriminatory1 and illegal burdens on market-based international commerce2 and 7,c7 to align policies with respect to curbing state-directed subsidization of the private sector1 such as advocating for global rules related to transparency and adherence to notification requirements1 including through the efforts currently being advanced by the ,united ,states1 ,japan1 and the ,european ,union2 and 7#e7 the ,united ,states and its allies and partners must collaborate to provide incentives to their respective companies to cooperate in areas such as-- 7,a7 advocating for protection of intellectual property rights in markets around the world2 7,b7 fostering open technical standards2 and 7,c7 increasing joint investments in overseas markets4 #bjb4 ,intellectual property violators list 7a7 ,in general ,not later than #a year after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 and not less frequently than annually thereafter1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,united ,states ,trade ,representative1 and the ,director of ,national ,intelligence1 shall create a list 7referred to in this section as the intellectual property violators list71 which identifies all centrally administered1 state-owned enterprises that have benefitted from-- 7#a7 a significant act or series of acts of intellectual property theft that subjected a ,united ,states economic sector or particular company incorporated in the ,united ,states to harm2 or 7#b7 an act or government policy of involuntary or coerced technology transfer of intellectual property ultimately owned by a company incorporated in the ,united ,states4 7b7 ,rules for identification ,to determine whether there is a credible basis for determining that a company should be included on the intellectual property violators list1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,united ,states ,trade ,representative1 and the ,director of ,national ,intelligence1 shall consider-- 7#a7 any finding by a ,united ,states court that the company has violated relevant ,united ,states laws intended to protect intellectual property rights2 7#b7 a decision by the ,president to impose sanctions authorized under section #bjd7;e72 or 7#c7 substantial and credible information received from any entity described in subsection 7c7 or other interested persons4 7c7 ,consultation ,in carrying out this section1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,united ,states ,trade ,representative1 and the ,director of ,national ,intelligence1 may consult1 as necessary and appropriate1 with-- 7#a7 other ,federal agencies1 including independent agencies2 7#b7 the private sector2 and 7#c7 civil society organizations with relevant expertise4 7d7 ,report 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,state shall publish1 in the ,federal ,register1 an annual report that-- 7,a7 lists the companies engaged in the activities described in subsection 7a77#a72 and 7,b7 describes the circumstances surrounding actions described in subsection 7a77#b71 including any role of the ,government of the ,,prc2 and 7,c7 assesses1 to the extent practicable1 the economic advantage derived by the companies engaged in the activities described in subsection 7a77#a74 7#b7 ,form ,the report published under paragraph 7#a7 shall be unclassified1 but may include a classified annex4 7e7 ,declassification and release ,the ,director of ,national ,intelligence may authorize the declassification of information1 as appropriate1 to inform the contents of the report published pursuant to subsection 7d74 7f7 ,requirement ,to protect business-,confidential information 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,state and the heads of all other ,federal agencies involved in the production of the intellectual property violators list shall protect from disclosure any proprietary information submitted by a private sector participant and marked as business-confidential information1 unless the party submitting the confidential business information-- 7,a7 had notice1 at the time of submission1 that such information would be released by the ,secretary2 or 7,b7 subsequently consents to the release of such information4 7#b7 ,nonconfidential version of report ,if confidential business information is provided by a private sector participant1 a nonconfidential version of the report under subsection 7d7 shall be published in the ,federal ,register that summarizes or deletes1 if necessary1 the confidential business information4 7#c7 ,treatment as trade secrets ,proprietary information submitted by a private party under this section-- 7,a7 shall be considered to be trade secrets and commercial or financial information 7as defined under section #eeb7;b77#d7 of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code72 and 7,b7 shall be exempt from disclosure without the express approval of the private party4 #bjc4 ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china subsidies list 7a7 ,report ,not later than #a year after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 and annually thereafter1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,united ,states ,trade ,representative and the ,secretary of ,commerce1 shall publish an unclassified report in the ,federal ,register that comprehensively identifies and measures-- 7#a7 subsidies provided by the ,government of the ,,prc to enterprises in the ,,prc in contravention of agreed trade and other rules2 and 7#b7 discriminatory treatment favoring enterprises in the ,,prc over foreign market participants4 7b7 ,subsidies described ,in compiling the report under subsection 7a71 the ,secretary of ,state shall consider-- 7#a7 regulatory and other policies enacted or promoted by the ,government of the ,,prc that-- 7,a7 discriminate in favor of enterprises in the ,,prc at the expense of foreign market participants2 7,b7 shield centrally administered1 state-owned enterprises from competition2 or 7,c7 otherwise suppress market-based competition2 7#b7 financial subsidies1 including favorable lending terms1 from or promoted by the ,government of the ,,prc or centrally administered1 state-owned enterprises that materially benefit ,,prc enterprises over foreign market participants in contravention of generally accepted market principles2 and 7#c7 any subsidy that violates the agreement referred to in section #aja7;d77#ab7 of the ,uruguay ,round ,agreements ,act 7#ai ,u4,s4,c4 #ceaa7;d77#ab77 7commonly known as the ,world ,trade ,organization's ,agreement on ,subsidies and ,countervailing ,measures74 7c7 ,consultation ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,commerce and the ,united ,states ,trade ,representative1 may1 as necessary and appropriate1 consult with-- 7#a7 other ,federal agencies1 including independent agencies2 7#b7 the private sector2 and 7#c7 civil society organizations with relevant expertise4 #bjd4 ,review of petitions related to intellectual property theft and forced technology transfer 7a7 ,definitions ,in this section3 7#a7 ,appropriate congressional committees ,the term appropriate congressional committees means-- 7,a7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate2 7,b7 the ,committee on ,banking1 ,housing1 and ,urban ,affairs of the ,senate2 7,c7 the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate2 7,d7 the ,committee on the ,judiciary of the ,senate2 7,e7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives2 7,f7 the ,committee on ,financial ,services of the ,house of ,representatives2 7,g7 the ,committee on ,energy and ,commerce of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7,h7 the ,committee on the ,judiciary of the ,house of ,representatives4 7#b7 ,committee ,the term ,committee means the committee established or designated under subsection 7b74 7#c7 ,foreign person ,the term foreign person means a person that is not a ,united ,states person4 7#d7 ,intellectual property ,the term intellectual property means-- 7,a7 any work protected by a copyright under title #ag1 ,united ,states ,code2 7,b7 any property protected by a patent granted by the ,united ,states ,patent and ,trademark ,office under title #ce1 ,united ,states ,code2 7,c7 any word1 name1 symbol1 or device1 or any combination thereof1 that is registered as a trademark with the ,united ,states ,patent and ,trademark ,office under the ,act entitled ,an ,act to provide for the registration and protection of trademarks used in commerce1 to carry out the provisions of certain international conventions1 and for other purposes1 approved ,july #e1 #aidf 7commonly known as the ,lanham ,act or the ,trademark ,act of #aidf7 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #ajea et seq472 7,d7 a trade secret 7as defined in section #ahci of title #ah1 ,united ,states ,code72 or 7,e7 any other form of intellectual property4 7#e7 ,united ,states person ,the term ,united ,states person means-- 7,a7 a ,united ,states citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the ,united ,states2 or 7,b7 an entity organized under the laws of the ,united ,states or any jurisdiction within the ,united ,states1 including a foreign branch of such an entity4 7b7 ,establishment of a committee 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,president shall-- 7,a7 establish a multi-agency committee to carry out this section2 or 7,b7 designate an existing multi-agency committee within the executive branch to carry out this section if the ,president determines that the existing committee has the relevant expertise and personnel to carry out this section4 7#b7 ,membership ,the ,committee shall be comprised of the following officials 7or1 subject to paragraph 7#c71 a designee of any such official73 7,a7 ,the ,secretary of the ,treasury4 7,b7 ,the ,secretary of ,commerce4 7,c7 ,the ,secretary of ,state4 7,d7 ,the ,attorney ,general4 7,e7 ,the ,director of ,national ,intelligence4 7,f7 ,the heads of such other agencies as the ,president determines appropriate1 generally or on a case-by-case basis4 7#c7 ,designee ,an official specified in paragraph 7#b7 may select a designee to serve on the ,committee from among individuals serving in positions appointed by the ,president by and with the advice and consent of the ,senate4 7#d7 ,chair and vice chair ,the ,president shall appoint a chairperson and a vice chairperson of the ,committee from among the members of the ,committee4 7c7 ,submission of petitions 7#a7 ,in general ,a ,united ,states person described in paragraph 7#c7 may submit a petition to the ,committee requesting that the ,committee-- 7,a7 review1 under subsection 7d71 a significant act or series of acts described in paragraph 7#b7 committed by a foreign person2 and 7,b7 refer the matter to the ,president with a recommendation to impose sanctions under subsection 7e7 to address any threat to the national security of the ,united ,states posed by the significant act or series of acts4 7#b7 ,significant act or series of acts described ,a significant act or series of acts described in this paragraph is a significant act or series of acts of-- 7,a7 theft of intellectual property of a ,united ,states person2 or 7,b7 forced transfer of technology that is the intellectual property of a ,united ,states person4 7#c7 ,united ,states person described ,a ,united ,states person is described in this paragraph if-- 7,a7 a court of competent jurisdiction in the ,united ,states has rendered a final judgment in favor of the ,united ,states person that-- 7i7 the foreign person identified in the petition submitted under paragraph 7#a7 committed the significant act or series of acts identified in the petition2 7ii7 the ,united ,states person is the owner of the intellectual property identified in the petition2 and 7iii7 the foreign person is using that intellectual property without the permission of the ,united ,states person2 and 7,b7 the ,united ,states person can provide clear and convincing evidence to the ,committee that the value of the economic loss to the ,united ,states person resulting from the significant act or series of acts exceeds #aj1jjj1jjj4 7d7 ,review and action by the ,committee 7#a7 ,review ,upon receiving a petition under subsection 7c71 the ,committee shall conduct a review of the petition in order to determine whether the imposition of sanctions under subsection 7e7 is necessary and appropriate to address any threat to the national security of the ,united ,states posed by the significant act or series of acts identified in the petition4 7#b7 ,action ,after conducting a review under paragraph 7#a7 of a petition submitted under subsection 7c71 the ,committee may take no action1 dismiss the petition1 or refer the petition to the ,president with a recommendation with respect to whether to impose sanctions under subsection 7e74 7e7 ,imposition of sanctions 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,president may impose the sanctions described in paragraph 7#c7 with respect to a foreign person identified in a petition submitted under subsection 7c7 if the ,president determines that imposing such sanctions is necessary and appropriate to address any threat to the national security of the ,united ,states posed by the significant act or series of acts identified in the petition4 7#b7 ,notice to ,congress ,not later than #cj days after the ,committee refers a petition to the ,president with a recommendation under subsection 7d77#b71 the ,president shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a notice of the determination of the ,president under paragraph 7#a7 with respect to whether or not to impose sanctions described in paragraph 7#c7 with respect to each foreign person identified in the petition4 ,each notice required under this paragraph shall be submitted in unclassified form1 but may include a classified annex4 7#c7 ,sanctions described ,the sanctions that may be imposed under paragraph 7#a7 with respect to a foreign person identified in a petition submitted under subsection 7c7 are the following3 7,a7 ,export sanction ,the ,president may order the ,united ,states ,government not to issue any specific license and not to grant any other specific permission or authority to export any goods or technology to the person under-- 7i7 the ,export ,control ,reform ,act of #bjah 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #dhja et seq472 7ii7 the ,arms ,export ,control ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bgea et seq472 7iii7 the ,atomic ,energy ,act of #aied 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjaa et seq472 or 7iv7 any other statute that requires the prior review and approval of the ,united ,states ,government as a condition for the export or reexport of goods or services4 7,b7 ,loans from ,united ,states financial institutions ,the ,president may prohibit any ,united ,states financial institution from making loans or providing credits to the person totaling more than #aj1jjj1jjj in any #ab-month period unless the person is engaged in activities to relieve human suffering and the loans or credits are provided for such activities4 7,c7 ,loans from international financial institutions ,the ,president may direct the ,united ,states executive director to each international financial institution to use the voice and vote of the ,united ,states to oppose any loan from the international financial institution that would benefit the person4 7,d7 ,prohibitions on financial institutions ,the following prohibitions may be imposed against the person if the person is a financial institution3 7i7 ,prohibition on designation as primary dealer ,neither the ,board of ,governors of the ,federal ,reserve ,system nor the ,federal ,reserve ,bank of ,new ,york may designate1 or permit the continuation of any prior designation of1 the financial institution as a primary dealer in ,united ,states ,government debt instruments4 7ii7 ,prohibition on service as a repository of ,government funds ,the financial institution may not serve as agent of the ,united ,states ,government or serve as repository for ,united ,states ,government funds4 7,e7 ,procurement sanction ,the ,president may prohibit the ,united ,states ,government from procuring1 or entering into any contract for the procurement of1 any goods or services from the person4 7,f7 ,foreign exchange ,the ,president may1 pursuant to such regulations as the ,president may prescribe1 prohibit any transactions in foreign exchange that are subject to the jurisdiction of the ,united ,states and in which the person has any interest4 7,g7 ,banking transactions ,the ,president may1 pursuant to such regulations as the ,president may prescribe1 prohibit any transfers of credit or payments between financial institutions or by1 through1 or to any financial institution1 to the extent that such transfers or payments are subject to the jurisdiction of the ,united ,states and involve any interest of the person4 7,h7 ,property transactions ,the ,president may1 pursuant to such regulations as the ,president may prescribe1 prohibit any person from-- 7i7 acquiring1 holding1 withholding1 using1 transferring1 withdrawing1 transporting1 importing1 or exporting any property that is subject to the jurisdiction of the ,united ,states and with respect to which the person identified in the petition has any interest2 7ii7 dealing in or exercising any right1 power1 or privilege with respect to such property2 or 7iii7 conducting any transaction involving such property4 7,i7 ,ban on investment in equity or debt of sanctioned person ,the ,president may1 pursuant to such regulations or guidelines as the ,president may prescribe1 prohibit any ,united ,states person from investing in or purchasing significant amounts of equity or debt instruments of the person4 7,j7 ,exclusion of corporate officers ,the ,president may direct the ,secretary of ,state to deny a visa to1 and the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security to exclude from the ,united ,states1 any alien that the ,president determines is a corporate officer or principal of1 or a shareholder with a controlling interest in1 the person4 7,k7 ,sanctions on principal executive officers ,the ,president may impose on the principal executive officer or officers of the person1 or on individuals performing similar functions and with similar authorities as such officer or officers1 any of the sanctions described in this paragraph4 7f7 ,implementation2 penalties 7#a7 ,implementation ,the ,president may exercise all authorities provided to the ,president under sections #bjc and #bje of the ,international ,emergency ,economic ,powers ,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agjb and #agjd7 to carry out this section4 7#b7 ,penalties ,a person that violates1 attempts to violate1 conspires to violate1 or causes a violation of this section or any regulation1 license1 or order issued to carry out this section shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections 7b7 and 7c7 of section #bjf of the ,international ,emergency ,economic ,powers ,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agje7 to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection 7a7 of that section4 7g7 ,confidentiality of information 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,committee shall protect from disclosure any proprietary information submitted by a ,united ,states person and marked as business confidential information1 unless the person submitting the information-- 7,a7 had notice1 at the time of submission1 that the information would be released by the ,committee2 or 7,b7 subsequently consents to the release of the information4 7#b7 ,treatment as trade secrets ,proprietary information submitted by a ,united ,states person under this section shall be-- 7,a7 considered to be trade secrets and commercial or financial information 7as defined under section #eeb7;b77#d7 of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code72 7,b7 exempt from disclosure without the express approval of the person4 7h7 ,rulemaking ,the ,president may prescribe such licenses1 orders1 and regulations as are necessary to carry out this section1 including with respect to the process by which ,united ,states persons may submit petitions under subsection 7c74 #bje4 ,predatory pricing by entities owned1 controlled1 or directed by a foreign state 7a7 ,prohibited acts 7#a7 ,in general ,it is contrary to public policy1 illegal1 and void for a combination1 conspiracy1 trust1 agreement1 or contract executed by an entity owned1 controlled1 or directed by a foreign state or an agent or instrumentality of a foreign state 7as defined in section #afjc of title #bh1 ,united ,states ,code7 and participating in international commerce to engage in acts to establish or set prices below the average variable cost in a manner that may foreseeably eliminate market competitors4 7#b7 ,economic support ,in determining the average variable cost under paragraph 7#a71 the court may take into account the effects of economic support provided by the owning or controlling foreign state to the entity on a discriminatory basis that may allow the entity to unfairly price at or below marginal cost4 7#c7 ,government subsidies ,in determining the foreseeability of the elimination of market competitors under paragraph 7#a71 the court may take into account the aggravating factor of the actions of the foreign state owning or controlling the entity referred to in such paragraph to use government resources to subsidize or underwrite the losses of the entity in a manner that allows the entity to sustain the predatory period and recoup its losses4 7b7 ,recovery of damages by claimant for violations of this section ,any person 7as defined in section #a7;a7 of the ,clayton ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #ab7 whose business or property is injured as a result of the actions of an entity described in subsection 7a7 shall be entitled to recovery from the defendant for damages and other related costs under section #d of such ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #ae74 7c7 ,elements of prima facie case ,a plaintiff may initiate a claim against a defendant in an appropriate ,federal court for a violation of subsection 7a7 in order to recover damages under subsection 7b7 by-- 7#a7 establishing1 by a preponderance of the evidence1 that the defendant-- 7,a7 is a foreign state or an agency or instrumentality of a foreign state 7as defined in section #afjc of title #bh1 ,united ,states ,code72 and 7,b7 is not immune from the jurisdiction of the ,federal court pursuant to section #afje7;a77#b7 of title #bh1 ,united ,states ,code2 and 7#b7 setting forth sufficient evidence to establish a reasonable inference that the defendant has violated subsection 7a74 7d7 ,court determination leading to evidentiary burden shifting to defendant ,if a ,federal court finds that a plaintiff has met its burden of proof under subsection 7c71 the court may determine that-- 7#a7 the plaintiff has established a prima facie case that the conduct of the defendant is in violation of subsection 7a72 and 7#b7 the defendant has the burden of rebutting such case by establishing that the defendant is not in violation of subsection 7a74 7e7 ,filing of amicus briefs by the ,department of ,state regarding international comity 7#a7 ,in general ,for the purposes of considering questions of international comity with respect to making decisions regarding commercial activity and the scope of applicable sovereign immunity1 the ,federal court may receive and consider relevant amicus briefs filed by the ,secretary of ,state4 7#b7 ,savings provision ,nothing in paragraph 7#a7 may be construed to limit the ability of the ,federal court to receive and consider any other amicus briefs4 #bjf4 ,reporting on requests to comply with the corporate social credit system in the ,people's ,republic of ,china 7a7 ,defined term ,in this section1 the term corporate social credit system1 as established by the ,planning ,outline for the ,construction of a ,social ,credit ,system released by the ,state ,council of the ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china in #bjad1 means a nationwide network of systems operated by private and state actors1 that-- 7#a7 use existing financial credit systems1 public records1 online activity1 government licenses and registrations1 and other information to collect1 aggregate1 and integrate data regarding corporate entities that come within the jurisdiction of the ,,prc1 including ,united ,states companies operating in the ,,prc2 7#b7 use the data referred to in paragraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 to monitor a corporate entity's activities2 and 7,b7 to evaluate and rate certain financial1 social1 religious1 or political behaviors of the entity and its key personnel2 7#c7 rates such corporate entities according to their trustworthiness 7as defined by the ,,ccp and the ,government of the ,,prc72 and 7#d7 implements punishments and rewards based on such ratings that have a direct bearing on a corporate entity's activities within the ,,prc4 7b7 ,reporting requirement ,the ,president1 acting through the ,secretary of ,commerce1 and in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state and any other individuals the ,president determines should be consulted1 shall issue regulations requiring ,united ,states entities with at least #ajj1jjj1jjj of assets or other investment in the ,,prc to submit a semiannual report regarding the impact of the corporate social credit system on the ability of such ,united ,states companies to conduct business or otherwise operate in the ,,prc4 7c7 ,matters ,to ,be included ,the regulations issued pursuant to subsection 7b7 shall require each entity described in such subsection to report information regarding-- 7#a7 the positive and negative impacts of the corporate social credit system on the ability of the entity to conduct business in the ,,prc2 7#b7 major disruptions to the business operations of the entity that are directly linked to the corporate social credit system1 including in hiring1 making contracts1 implementing partnerships with other entities1 and other appropriate matters2 7#c7 whether the entity has been placed on or removed from a blacklist1 untrustworthy entities list1 priority key watchlist1 or a redlist within the corporate social credit system2 7#d7 whether the ,government of the ,,prc took any actions directed at the entity as a result of a list described in paragraph 7#c71 including any specific punishments or rewards2 7#e7 any instances in which an agent of the ,government of the ,,prc has asked for the resignation of key leadership within the company due to their individual social credit scores2 7#f7 any instances in which an entity within the ,government of ,,prc at the national1 local1 or municipal level informed the entity that it will face a negative impact on its rating within the corporate social credit system unless the entity takes a certain course of action or refrains from taking a certain course of action2 7#g7 any instances in which the entity was asked by an agent of the ,government of the ,,prc to take an action to accommodate a political position of the ,,ccp or the ,government of the ,,prc for the purposes of complying with the corporate social credit system2 and 7#h7 any instances in which the entity was required to provide sensitive proprietary business information to comply with the corporate social credit system4 7d7 ,consultation with the private sector ,in developing the regulations required under subsection 7b71 the ,secretary of ,commerce1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 shall consult with ,united ,states entities with significant business operations in the ,,prc4 7e7 ,willful failure ,to report ,not later than #ahj days after the issuance of regulations pursuant to subsection 7b71 any ,united ,states entity required to report under such subsection who knowingly and willfully fails to make such report may1 in addition to other penalties provided by law1 be fined not more than #be1jjj4 #bjg4 ,annual review on the presence of ,chinese companies in ,united ,states capital markets 7a7 ,appropriate congressional committees ,in this section1 the term appropriate congressional committees means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate2 7#b7 the ,select ,committee on ,intelligence of the ,senate2 7#c7 the ,committee on ,banking1 ,housing1 and ,urban ,affairs of the ,senate2 7#d7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives2 7#e7 the ,permanent ,select ,committee on ,intelligence of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7#f7 the ,committee on ,financial ,services of the ,house of ,representatives4 7b7 ,report 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 and annually thereafter for the following #e years1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in consultation with the ,director of ,national ,intelligence and the ,secretary of the ,treasury1 shall submit an unclassified report to the appropriate congressional committees that describes the risks posed to the ,united ,states by the presence in ,united ,states capital markets of companies incorporated in the ,,prc4 7#b7 ,matters to be included ,the report required under paragraph 7#a7 shall-- 7,a7 identify companies incorporated in the ,,prc that-- 7i7 are listed or traded on one or several stock exchanges within the ,united ,states1 including over-the-counter market and ,a ,shares added to indexes and exchange-traded funds out of mainland exchanges in the ,,prc2 and 7ii7 based on the factors for consideration described in paragraph 7#c71 have knowingly and materially contributed to-- 7,i7 activities that undermine ,united ,states national security2 7,,ii7 serious abuses of internationally recognized human rights2 or 7,,iii7 a substantially increased financial risk exposure for ,united ,states-based investors2 7,b7 describe the activities of the companies identified pursuant to subparagraph 7,a71 and their implications for the ,united ,states2 and 7,c7 develop policy recommendations for the ,united ,states ,government1 ,state governments1 ,united ,states financial institutions1 ,united ,states equity and debt exchanges1 and other relevant stakeholders to address the risks posed by the presence in ,united ,states capital markets of the companies identified pursuant to subparagraph 7,a74 7#c7 ,factors for consideration ,in completing the report under paragraph 7#a71 the ,president shall consider whether a company identified pursuant to paragraph 7#b77;,a7-- 7,a7 has materially contributed to the development or manufacture1 or sold or facilitated procurement by the ,,pla1 of lethal military equipment or component parts of such equipment2 7,b7 has contributed to the construction and militarization of features in the ,south ,china ,sea2 7,c7 has been sanctioned by the ,united ,states or has been determined to have conducted business with sanctioned entities2 7,d7 has engaged in an act or a series of acts of intellectual property theft2 7,e7 has engaged in corporate or economic espionage2 7,f7 has contributed to the proliferation of nuclear or missile technology in violation of ,united ,nations ,security ,council resolutions or ,united ,states sanctions2 7,g7 has contributed to the repression of religious and ethnic minorities within the ,,prc1 including in ,xinjiang ,uyghur ,autonomous ,region or ,tibet ,autonomous ,region2 7,h7 has contributed to the development of technologies that enable censorship directed or directly supported by the ,government of the ,,prc2 7,i7 has failed to comply fully with ,federal securities laws 7including required audits by the ,public ,company ,accounting ,oversight ,board7 and material risk disclosure requirements of the ,securities and ,exchange ,commission2 or 7,j7 has contributed to other activities or behavior determined to be relevant by the ,president4 7c7 ,report form ,the report required under subsection 7b77#a7 shall be submitted in unclassified form1 but may include a classified annex4 7d7 ,publication ,the unclassified portion of the report under subsection 7b77#a7 shall be made accessible to the public online through relevant ,united ,states ,government websites4 ,,iii ,reinvesting in ,american and allied technological competitiveness #cja4 ,regulatory exchanges with allies and partners 7a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the heads of other participating executive branch agencies1 shall establish and develop a program to facilitate and encourage regular dialogues between ,united ,states ,government regulatory and technical agencies and their counterpart organizations in allied and partner countries1 both bilaterally and in relevant multilateral institutions and organizations-- 7#a7 to promote best practices in regulatory formation and implementation2 7#b7 to collaborate to achieve optimal regulatory outcomes based on scientific1 technical1 and other relevant principles2 7#c7 to seek better harmonization and alignment of regulations and regulatory practices2 7#d7 to build consensus around industry and technical standards in emerging sectors that will drive future global economic growth and commerce2 and 7#e7 to promote ,united ,states standards regarding environmental1 labor1 and other relevant protections in regulatory formation and implementation1 in keeping with the values of free and open societies1 including the rule of law4 7b7 ,prioritization of activities ,in facilitating expert exchanges under subsection 7a71 the ,secretary shall prioritize-- 7#a7 bilateral coordination and collaboration with countries where greater regulatory coherence1 harmonization of standards1 or communication and dialogue between technical agencies is achievable and best advances the economic and national security interests of the ,united ,states2 7#b7 multilateral coordination and coordination where greater regulatory coherence1 harmonization of standards1 or dialogue on other relevant regulatory matters is achievable and best advances the economic and national security interests of the ,united ,states1 including with-- 7,a7 the ,european ,union2 7,b7 the ,asia-,pacific ,economic ,cooperation2 7,c7 the ,association of ,southeast ,asian ,nations 7,,asean72 7,d7 the ,organization for ,economic ,cooperation and ,development 7,,oecd72 and 7,e7 multilateral development banks2 and 7#c7 regulatory practices and standards setting bodies focused on key economic sectors and emerging technologies4 7c7 ,participation by nongovernmental entities ,with regard to the program described in subsection 7a71 the ,secretary may facilitate1 including through the use of amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection 7e71 the participation of private sector representatives and other relevant organizations and individuals with relevant expertise1 as appropriate and to the extent that such participation advances the goals of such program4 7d7 ,delegation of authority by the ,secretary ,the ,secretary of ,state is authorized to delegate the responsibilities described in this section to the ,under ,secretary of ,state for ,economic ,growth1 ,energy1 and the ,environment4 7e7 ,authorization of appropriations 7#a7 ,in general ,there is authorized to be appropriated #b1ejj1jjj for each of the fiscal years #bjba through #bjbe to carry out this section4 7#b7 ,use of funds ,the ,secretary may obligate amounts appropriated pursuant to paragraph 7#a7 in a manner that-- 7,a7 facilities participation by representatives from technical agencies within the ,united ,states ,government and their counterparts2 and 7,b7 complies with applicable procedural requirements under the ,state ,department ,basic ,authorities ,act of #aief 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bfea;a et seq47 and the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea et seq474 7f7 ,agreements 7#a7 ,submission ,the text of any agreement concluded under the authorities provided under this section shall be submitted to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives not later than #fj days after any notice of intent to be formally bound by the terms of such agreement4 7#b7 ,effective date ,each agreement described in paragraph 7#a7 shall be legally effective and binding upon the ,united ,states1 in accordance with the terms provided in the agreement1 beginning on-- 7,a7 the date on which appropriate implementing legislation is enacted into law1 which shall provide for the approval of the specific agreement or agreements1 including attachments1 annexes1 and supporting documentation2 or 7,b7 if the agreement is concluded and submitted as a treaty1 the date on which such treaty is ratified by the ,senate4 #cjb4 ,authorization to assist ,united ,states companies with supply chain diversification and management 7a7 ,authorization ,to contract services ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,commerce1 is authorized to establish a program to facilitate the contracting by ,united ,states embassies for the professional services of qualified experts1 on a reimbursable fee for service basis1 to assist interested ,united ,states persons and business entities with supply chain management issues related to the ,,prc1 including-- 7#a7 exiting from the ,,prc market or relocating certain production facilities to locations outside the ,,prc2 7#b7 diversifying sources of inputs1 and other efforts to diversify supply chains to locations outside of the ,,prc2 7#c7 navigating legal1 regulatory1 or other challenges in the course of the activities described in paragraphs 7#a7 and 7#b72 and 7#d7 identifying alternative markets for production or sourcing outside of the ,,prc1 including through providing market intelligence1 facilitating contact with reliable local partners as appropriate1 and other services4 7b7 ,chief of mission oversight ,the persons hired to perform the services described in subsection 7a7 shall-- 7#a7 be under the authority of the ,united ,states ,chief of ,mission in the country in which they are hired1 in accordance with existing ,united ,states laws2 7#b7 coordinate with ,department of ,state and ,department of ,commerce officers2 and 7#c7 coordinate with ,united ,states missions and relevant local partners in other countries as needed to carry out the services described in subsection 7a74 7c7 ,prioritization of micro-1 small-1 and medium-,sized enterprises ,the services described in subsection 7a7 shall be prioritized to assisting micro-1 small-1 and medium-sized enterprises4 7d7 ,authorization of appropriations ,there is authorized to be appropriated #ae1jjj1jjj for each of the fiscal years #bjba through #bjbe for the purposes of carrying out this section4 #cjc4 ,scientific and private sector advisory panel on protection of critical technologies 7a7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,president shall establish an advisory panel comprised of representatives of the ,united ,states private sector1 and other members of the scientific and technology community-- 7#a7 to advise the ,president on regulatory and policy matters related to critical infrastructure and critical technologies 7as such terms are defined in paragraphs 7#e7 and 7#f7 of section #gba7;a7 of the ,defense ,production ,act of #aiej 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #defe7;a772 and 7#b7 to ensure regular consultation and engagement by the ,federal ,government with the ,united ,states private sector and scientific and technology community with respect to the matters described in paragraph 7#a74 7b7 ,duties ,in addition to other topics considered relevant by the ,president1 the ,national ,security ,advisor1 the ,director of the ,national ,economic ,council1 or the advisory panel established pursuant to subsection 7a71 the advisory panel shall provide information1 analysis1 and recommendations to the ,president1 including-- 7#a7 assessing key developments in the economic and industrial sectors relevant to critical technologies and critical infrastructure2 7#b7 safeguarding critical technologies and critical infrastructure1 including the ,federal ,government's role and the role of the ,united ,states private sector2 7#c7 developing regulations and policies to contribute to and sustain the ,united ,states technology base2 7#d7 developing partnerships with ,united ,states allies and partners in scientific and technological development1 including changes to existing regulations and policies to better facilitate the development of such partnerships2 7#e7 providing assessments of the impact on the ,united ,states private sector and ,united ,states economic competitiveness of current and planned regulations and policies related to critical technologies and critical infrastructure2 7#f7 engaging in consistent consultations with the ,united ,states private sector during regulatory and policy formation2 and 7#g7 making available to the ,united ,states private sector an accurate understanding of new regulations and policies4 7c7 ,membership ,members of the advisory panel-- 7#a7 shall be appointed by the ,president1 based on recommendations of the ,national ,security ,advisor1 the ,director of the ,national ,economic ,council1 and the heads of executive agencies designated by the ,president2 7#b7 shall be broadly representative of the key industries and sectors relevant to the duties and functions of the panel2 7#c7 shall consist of not more than #aj private sector corporate members or executives of industry and trade associations representing critical technology sectors2 and 7#d7 shall consist of not more than #aj members with distinguished backgrounds in relevant scientific and technological fields or with substantial expertise in the direct management and oversight of ,united ,states critical infrastructure1 including at least #b members from the ,national ,academies of ,sciences1 ,engineering1 and ,medicine4 7d7 ,participation by executive agencies ,the ,president shall direct-- 7#a7 the ,council of ,economic ,advisors and the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy to appoint personnel to participate in the activities of the advisory panel2 and 7#b7 the ,secretary of ,state1 the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,secretary of the ,treasury1 the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security1 the ,secretary of ,defense1 the ,secretary of ,energy1 and the head of any other relevant ,federal agency to provide personnel to participate in the task force4 7e7 ,designated ,federal officer ,the ,president shall appoint a full-time or permanent part-time ,federal officer or employee to manage the activities of the advisory panel4 7f7 ,authorities ,the advisory panel shall be governed by the ,federal ,advisory ,committee ,act 7#e ,u4,s4,c4 ,app474 #cjd4 ,establishment of a tech coalition 7a7 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 the ,united ,states and its allies and partners should collaborate to advance and encourage the use of international technical standards for new and emerging technologies2 7#b7 widespread acceptance of international standards-- 7,a7 improves the quality of technologies2 7,b7 reduces barriers to market access for technology companies2 and 7,c7 ensures the global interoperability of products and services2 7#c7 the ,united ,states and its allies and partners should lead in defining and upholding norms for the responsible and ethical development and use of new and emerging technologies1 including-- 7,a7 cybersecurity technologies2 7,b7 artificial intelligence2 7,c7 next-generation telecommunications2 7,d7 semiconductors2 7,e7 quantum computing2 7,f7 biotechnology2 7,g7 the internet2 and 7,h7 the ,internet of ,things2 7#d7 the ,united ,states should collaborate with allies and partners to work internationally to promote an open1 interoperable1 secure1 and reliable information and communications infrastructure that supports international trade and commerce1 strengthens international security1 and fosters free expression and innovation in which norms of responsible behavior guide states' actions1 sustain partnerships1 and support the rule of law in cyberspace1 as stated in the ,united ,states ,international ,strategy for ,cyberspace1 which was issued in ,may #bjaa2 7#e7 as stated in the ,national ,cyber ,strategy of the ,united ,states of ,america1 issued in ,september #bjah1 international law and voluntary non-binding norms of responsible state behavior in cyberspace provide stabilizing1 security-enhancing standards that define acceptable behavior to all states and promote greater predictability and stability in cyberspace4 ''' ,increased public affirmation by the ,united ,states and other governments will lead to accepted expectations of state behavior and thus contribute to greater predictability and stability in cyberspace42 7#f7 the ,united ,states and its allies and partners-- 7,a7 should be at the forefront of-- 7i7 promoting and sustaining a multi-stakeholder model for internet governance2 and 7ii7 defining standards and norms in the use of emerging technologies2 7,b7 should develop norms for the responsible and ethical development and use of technology1 in consultation with the private sectors1 academic institutions1 international organizations1 and other relevant experts2 and 7,c7 must collaborate to advance appropriate confidence-building measures between states regarding the development of new and emerging technologies1 which will create a framework for cooperation and promote greater stability in cyberspace2 7#g7 the private sector must continue to play the leading role in-- 7,a7 developing and deploying new and emerging technologies2 7,b7 advancing international technical standards in appropriate standards-setting institutions2 and 7,c7 sharing responsibility for implementing norms and standards2 7#h7 the ,united ,states should ensure a coordinated approach across the entire ,federal ,government for advocating for international standards and norms relevant to new and emerging technologies2 7#i7 the ,united ,states ,government should review how it can best support private sector-led initiatives to set new international standards and norms2 and 7#aj7 the establishment of a technology coalition between the ,united ,states and interested1 like-minded partners is necessary to uphold existing1 and to establish new1 standards and norms that will sustain an open internet1 safeguard free and open societies1 and set the standards for new and emerging technologies4 7b7 ,appropriate congressional committees ,in this section1 the term appropriate congressional committees means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate2 and 7#b7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives4 7c7 ,tech coalition ,the ,president should seek to establish a coalition of countries that are committed to-- 7#a7 the safe and responsible development and use of new and emerging technologies and the establishment of related norms and standards2 7#b7 a secure internet architecture governed by a multi-stakeholder model instead of centralized government control2 7#c7 robust international cooperation to promote an open internet and interoperable technological products and services that are necessary to freedom1 innovation1 transparency1 and privacy2 and 7#d7 multilateral coordination1 including through diplomatic initiatives1 information sharing1 and other activities1 to defend the principles described in paragraphs 7#a7 through 7#c7 against efforts by state and non-state actors to undermine them4 7d7 ,functions ,the ,president1 acting through the ,secretary of ,state1 should undertake regular efforts to coordinate with other members of the coalition established pursuant to subsection 7c7-- 7#a7 to establish and advocate for norms1 standards1 and regulations to ensure that the development and application of new and emerging technologies uphold the goals of shared prosperity1 security1 and commitment to human rights1 including through engagement in international organizations and standards-setting bodies1 such as-- 7,a7 the ,international ,organization for ,standardization2 7,b7 the ,internet ,engineering ,task ,force2 7,c7 the ,internet ,electrotechnical ,commission2 7,d7 the ,united ,nations ,international ,telecommunication ,union2 7,e7 the ,united ,nations ,internet ,governance ,forum2 7,f7 the ,united ,nations ,group of ,governmental ,experts on ,developments in the ,field of ,information and ,telecommunications in the ,context of ,international ,security 7,,un ,,cge72 7,g7 the ,united ,nations ,open-,ended ,working ,group on ,developments in the ,field of ,information and ,telecommunications in the ,context of ,international ,security2 7,h7 the ,united ,nations ,commission on ,science and ,technology for ,development 7,,cstd72 7,i7 the ,directorate for ,science1 ,technology and ,innovation of the ,organisation for ,economic ,co-operation and ,development2 and 7,j7 other international standards organizations and multilateral norm-setting bodies1 as appropriate2 7#b7 to support and expand adherence to international treaties and frameworks governing responsible behavior in cyberspace and the use of new and emerging technologies1 including-- 7,a7 the ,council of ,europe's ,convention on ,cybercrime1 done at ,budapest ,november #bc1 #bjja2 7,b7 the ,organization for ,security and ,co-operation in ,europe ,decision #abjb on ,confidence-,building ,measures to ,reduce the ,risks of ,conflict ,stemming from the ,use of ,information and ,communication ,technologies1 decided in ,vienna ,march #aj1 #bjaf2 7,c7 the ,north ,atlantic ,treaty ,organization ,cyber ,defense ,pledge1 done in ,warsaw ,july #h1 #bjaf2 7,d7 the ,g#g ,declaration of ,responsible ,states ,behavior in ,cyberspace1 done in ,lucca1 ,italy1 ,april #aa1 #bjag2 7,e7 the ,prague ,proposals1 done in ,prague ,may #c1 #bjai2 and 7,f7 other relevant international frameworks1 as appropriate2 7#c7 to support and expand adherence to international frameworks governing responsible regulation of new and emerging technologies to support international trade and economic development1 including through ,world ,trade ,organization agreements1 such as-- 7,a7 the ,agreement on ,technical ,barriers to ,trade1 done at ,geneva ,april #ab1 #aigi2 7,b7 the ,general ,agreement on ,trade in ,services 7entered in force ,january #a1 #aiie72 and 7,c7 agreements by the ,united ,nations ,working ,group on ,electronic ,commerce2 7#d7 to coordinate export control policies1 including through the ,wassenaar ,arrangement ,on ,export ,controls for ,conventional ,arms and ,dual-,use ,goods and ,technologies1 done at ,the ,hague ,december #aiie1 supply chain security1 and investment in or licensing of critical infrastructure and dual-use technologies2 7#e7 to coordinate basic and pre-competitive research and development initiatives and to pool resources and talent to pursue opportunities in artificial intelligence1 semiconductors1 quantum computing1 and other industries2 7#f7 to coordinate1 as appropriate1 dialogues and other initiatives between ,united ,states domestic regulatory agencies1 ,states1 local governments1 private sector entities1 and nongovernmental organizations1 with their counterpart organizations in other countries that are members of the coalition established pursuant to subsection 7c71 on best practices in developing and upholding standards and norms for emerging technologies1 including through the program established under section #cja2 and 7#g7 to deter state and non-state actors from engaging in malicious and illegal activities in cyberspace and from using new and emerging technologies in violation of the norms and standards described in this subsection4 7e7 ,briefing ,the ,secretary of ,state1 or the ,secretary's designee1 shall semiannually brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the activities described in subsection 7d74 ,such briefings shall include representatives from other ,federal agencies who participate in such activities1 as appropriate4 7f7 ,agreements 7#a7 ,submission ,the text of any agreement concluded under the authorities provided under this section shall be submitted to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives not later than #fj days after any notice of intent to be formally bound by the terms of such agreement4 7#b7 ,effective date ,each agreement described in paragraph 7#a7 shall be legally effective and binding upon the ,united ,states1 in accordance with the terms provided in the agreement1 beginning on-- 7,a7 the date on which appropriate implementing legislation is enacted into law1 which shall provide for the approval of the specific agreement or agreements1 including attachments1 annexes1 and supporting documentation2 or 7,b7 if the agreement is concluded and submitted as a treaty1 the date on which such treaty is ratified by the ,senate4 #cje4 ,united ,states representation in standards-setting bodies 7a7 ,short title ,this section may be cited as the ,promoting ,united ,states ,international ,leadership in #e;,g ,act of #bjbj4 7b7 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 the ,united ,states and its allies and partners should maintain participation and leadership at international standards-setting bodies for #eth and future generation mobile telecommunications systems and infrastructure2 7#b7 the ,united ,states should work with its allies and partners to encourage and facilitate the development of secure supply chains and networks for #eth and future generation mobile telecommunications systems and infrastructure2 and 7#c7 the maintenance of a high standard of security in telecommunications and cyberspace between the ,united ,states and its allies and partners is a national security interest of the ,united ,states4 7c7 ,enhancing representation and leadership of ,united ,states at international standards-,setting bodies 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,president shall-- 7,a7 establish an interagency working group to provide assistance and technical expertise to enhance the representation and leadership of the ,united ,states at international bodies that set standards for equipment1 systems1 software1 and virtually defined networks that support #eth and future generation mobile telecommunications systems and infrastructure1 such as the ,international ,telecommunication ,union and the #crd ,generation ,partnership ,project2 and 7,b7 work with allies1 partners1 and the private sector to increase productive engagement4 7#b7 ,interagency working group ,the interagency working group described in paragraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 shall be chaired by the ,secretary of ,state or a designee of the ,secretary of ,state2 and 7,b7 shall consist of the head 7or designee7 of each ,federal department or agency the ,president determines appropriate4 7#c7 ,briefing 7,a7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 and subsequently thereafter as provided in subparagraph 7,a71 the interagency working group described in paragraph 7#a7 shall provide a briefing to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives that includes-- 7i7 a strategy to promote ,united ,states leadership at international standards-setting bodies for equipment1 systems1 software1 and virtually defined networks relevant to #eth and future generation mobile telecommunications systems and infrastructure1 taking into account the different processes followed by the various international standard-setting bodies2 7ii7 a strategy for diplomatic engagement with allies and partners to share security risk information and findings pertaining to equipment that supports or is used in #eth and future generation mobile telecommunications systems and infrastructure and cooperation on mitigating such risks2 7iii7 a discussion of ,china's presence and activities at international standards-setting bodies relevant to #eth and future generation mobile telecommunications systems and infrastructure1 including information on the differences in the scope and scale of ,china's engagement at such bodies compared to engagement by the ,united ,states or its allies and partners and the security risks raised by ,chinese proposals in such standards-setting bodies2 and 7iv7 a strategy for engagement with private sector communications and information service providers1 equipment developers1 academia1 federally funded research and development centers1 and other private-sector stakeholders to propose and develop secure standards for equipment1 systems1 software1 and virtually defined networks that support #eth and future generation mobile telecommunications systems and infrastructure4 7,b7 ,subsequent briefings ,upon receiving a request from the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives1 or as determined appropriate by the chair of the interagency working group established pursuant to paragraph 7#a71 the interagency working group shall provide the requesting committee an updated briefing that covers the matters described in clauses 7i7 through 7iv7 of subparagraph 7,a74 ,,iv ,safeguarding ,american institutions #dja4 ,amendments to ,higher ,education ,act of #aife 7a7 ,prompt disclosures2 designated point of contact responsible for reporting qualifying gifts to a university2 compliance plans ,section #aag of the ,higher ,education ,act of #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaa;f7 is amended-- 7#a7 in subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 by striking or enters into a contract with and inserting 1 or enters into a contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction 7not including tuition payments7 conferring value upon the recipient institution with12 and 7,b7 by striking ,january #ca or ,july #ca1 whichever is sooner and inserting not later than #ij days after the receipt of such gift or the execution of such contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or transaction2 7#b7 by redesignating subsections 7g7 and 7h7 as subsections 7i7 and 7j71 respectively and 7#c7 by inserting after subsection 7f7 the following3 7g7 ,chief ,compliance ,officer ,each institution subject to the provisions of this title that receives a gift from1 or enters into a contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction 7not including tuition payments7 with1 a foreign source conferring value equal to not less than #bej1jjj during a calendar year upon the recipient institution1 shall designate a chief compliance officer1 who-- 7#a7 shall be a current employee or legally authorized agent of such institution2 and 7#b7 shall be directly responsible1 on behalf of the institution1 for full and timely compliance with the foreign gift reporting requirements under this section4 7h7 ,reporting of foreign gift disclosure compliance plans to the ,department of ,education 7#a7 ,in general ,any institution that received any gift from1 or entered into any contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction 7excluding tuition payments7 with1 a foreign source1 as described in subsection 7a71 during the #ae-year period ending on the date of the enactment of the ,strengthening ,trade1 ,regional ,alliances1 ,technology1 and ,economic and ,geopolitical ,initiatives concerning ,china ,act1 shall1 not later than #abj days after such date of enactment1 submit to the ,secretary of ,education a comprehensive plan of compliance for the reporting of foreign source contracts1 agreements1 affiliations1 or similar transactions in accordance with this section4 7#b7 ,changes to compliance plan ,not later than #ij days after an institution makes any change to a compliance plan described in paragraph 7#a7 or designates a new chief compliance officer pursuant to subsection 7g71 the institution shall notify the ,secretary of ,education of such change or designation4 4 7b7 ,require all institutions reporting foreign gifts ,to establish public notification of receipt of certain foreign gifts ,section #aag7;c7 of such ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaa;f7c77 is amended-- 7#a7 in the matter preceding paragraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 by striking or contract and inserting 1 or enters into a contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction 7not including tuition payments7 conferring value upon the institution2 and 7,b7 by striking disclose the following3 and inserting an em dash2 7#b7 in paragraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 by striking ,for and inserting disclose1 for2 7,b7 by inserting 1 agreements1 affiliations1 or similar transactions 7not including tuition payments7 after contracts2 and 7,c7 by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon2 7#c7 in paragraph 7#b7-- 7,a7 by striking ,for and inserting disclose1 for2 7,b7 by inserting 1 agreements1 affiliations1 or similar transactions 7not including tuition payments7 after contracts2 and 7,c7 by striking the period at the end and inserting 2 and2 and 7#d7 by adding at the end the following3 7#c7 publish the name of the institution1 along with a summary of the terms and conditions associated with such gift1 contract1 agreement1 affiliation or similar transaction1 on a publicly available internet website4 4 7c7 ,gifts1 contracts1 agreements1 affiliations1 or similar transactions that violate public policy ,section #aag7;f7 of such ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaa;f7f77 is amended by adding at the end the following3 7#c7 ,assessment and recommendation regarding foreign source gift1 contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction ,the ,secretary of ,education and the ,secretary of ,state may submit a joint recommendation to the ,president regarding a foreign source gift to1 or a contract1 agreement1 affiliation or similar transaction with1 an institution after considering-- 7,a7 whether such gift1 contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction contains conditions or places restrictions upon the recipient that constrain free speech in a manner inconsistent with ,united ,states law2 7,b7 whether such gift1 contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction requires the recipient comply with the laws and regulations of a foreign jurisdiction in a manner inconsistent with ,united ,states law2 7,c7 whether the institution failed to disclose the gift1 contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction in accordance with subsection 7a72 and 7,d7 any other factors that the ,president1 with the advice of the ,secretary of ,education and the ,secretary of ,state1 determines to be appropriate to upholding academic integrity or national security4 7#d7 ,presidential authority ,the ,president1 after considering an assessment and recommendation received under paragraph 7#c71 may determine that the receipt by an institution from a foreign source of a gift1 or the entering into a contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction 7not including tuition payments7 with a foreign source undermines national security or academic freedom4 7#e7 ,impact on ,federal funding ,if the ,president determines1 after considering a recommendation under paragraph 7#c71 that a gift1 contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction undermines national security or academic freedom1 the ,president may direct the reduction or suspension of ,federal funding until the recipient institution-- 7,a7 returns the gift to the foreign source2 or 7,b7 cancels the offending contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction4 4 #djb4 ,amendment to ,foreign ,agent ,registration ,act regarding gifts made to universities ,section #c7;e7 of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fac7;e77 is amended-- 7#a7 by striking ,any person and inserting the following3 7#a7 ,in general ,any person 2 and 7#b7 by adding at the end the following3 7#b7 ,waiver of exemption recommendation ,the ,secretary of ,education1 the ,secretary of ,state1 and the ,attorney ,general may jointly submit a recommendation to the ,president to waive the exception under this subsection for an institution of higher education 7as defined in section #aja of the ,higher ,education ,act of #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajja77 that has accepted a gift from1 or has entered into a contract1 agreement1 affiliation1 or similar transaction 7not including tuition payments7 with1 a foreign government that requires a disclosure under section #aag of such ,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaa;f74 7#c7 ,presidential determination ,the ,president1 after consideration of a joint recommendation submitted pursuant to paragraph 7#b71 may determine that a foreign source gift1 contract1 agreement or similar transaction required to be disclosed under section #aag of the ,higher ,education ,act of #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajaa;f7 that has been accepted by an institution of higher education has created a relationship of foreign agency with a foreign source that requires registration of the appropriate representatives of the institution as a foreign agent or agents under section #b7;a74 4 #djc4 ,designation of a country of national security concern in the ,foreign ,agent ,registration ,act 7a7 ,in general ,section #c of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fac7 is amended by adding at the end the following3 7i7 ,countries of national security concern ,the ,president may issue a finding that a country constitutes a significant threat to the national security of the ,united ,states and should be designated a country of national security concern after-- 7#a7 considering a joint recommendation submitted pursuant to section #djc7;c7 of the ,strengthening ,trade1 ,regional ,alliances1 ,technology1 and ,economic and ,geopolitical ,initiatives concerning ,china ,act2 7#b7 consulting with the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate1 the ,committee on the ,judiciary of the ,senate1 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives1 and the ,committee on the ,judiciary of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7#c7 providing a written detailed justification for such designation to the appropriate congressional committees4 4 7b7 ,waiver of exemptions 7#a7 ,in general ,upon designating a country as a country of national security concern under section #c7;i7 of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich1 as added by subsection 7a71 the ,president may waive any of the exemptions for agents of foreign principals set forth in subsections 7d71 7e71 and 7h7 of section #c of such ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fac7 for up to #a year4 7#b7 ,renewals ,the ,president may renew waivers under this subsection for additional #a-year periods1 in accordance with paragraph 7#a71 while the country in question continues to present a threat to the national security of the ,united ,states4 7#c7 ,rule of construction ,for purposes of this section1 a waiver under paragraph 7#a7 shall not apply to bona fide religious pursuits referred to in section #c7;e7 of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fac7;e774 7c7 ,recommendation ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,attorney ,general1 may jointly submit a recommendation to the ,president that a country constitutes a significant national security threat to the ,united ,states of such nature that one or more of the exemptions set forth in subsections 7d71 7e71 and 7h71 of section #c of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fac7 should be waived for up to #a year4 7d7 ,termination by the ,president ,the ,president may suspend or terminate the designation of a country as a country of national security concern under section #c7;i7 of such ,act1 as added by subsection 7a71 and any associated reporting requirements1 if the ,president determines such country no longer presents a threat to the national security of the ,united ,states4 7e7 ,additional disclosure measures ,the ,attorney ,general1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,state1 may establish enhanced reporting requirements under the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa et seq47 for agents representing foreign principals of a designated country of national security concern under section #fac7;i7 of such ,act1 as added by subsection 7a71 including enhanced transparency and reporting requirements1 as appropriate4 #djd4 ,ban on ,senate-confirmed ,department of ,state officials representing countries of national security concern 7a7 ,defined term ,section #a of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa7 is amended by inserting after subsection 7i7 the following3 7j7 ,the term country of national security concern means a country designated under section #c7;i74 4 7b7 ,representation after service ,section #bjg7;f7 of title #ah1 ,united ,states ,code1 is amended-- 7#a7 by redesignating paragraph 7#c7 as paragraph 7#d72 and 7#b7 by inserting after paragraph 7#b7 the following3 7#c7 ,special rule for senior officials of the ,department of ,state ,with respect to a person serving as a senior official at the ,department of ,state who was appointed by the ,president and confirmed by the ,senate1 the restrictions described in paragraph 7#a7 shall apply to representing the government of a country of national security concern 7as defined in section #a7;j7 of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa7;j777 at any time-- 7,a7 after the termination of such service2 and 7,b7 during the period that such country is designated a country of national security concern4 4 7c7 ,limitation on appointment as a ,senate-,confirmed ,department of ,state official ,section #hda of the ,state ,department ,basic ,authorities ,act of #aief 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bfea;a7 is amended by adding at the end the following3 7h7 ,limitation on appointments ,a person who has directly represented the government of a country of national security concern 7as defined in section #a7;j7 of the ,foreign ,agents ,registration ,act of #aich 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #faa7;j777 may not be appointed by the ,president to serve in a position within the ,department of ,state that requires ,senate confirmation4 4 #dje4 ,amendment to the ,mutual ,educational and ,cultural ,exchange ,act ,the ,mutual ,educational and ,cultural ,exchange ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bdea et seq47 is amended by inserting after section #ajh;,a the following3 #ajh;,b4 ,reporting requirements with respect to participation by ,federal employees in cultural exchange programs involving the ,people's ,republic of ,china 7a7 ,in general ,in applying section #ajh;,a of the ,mutual ,educational and ,cultural ,exchange ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bdeh;a7 with respect to any cultural exchange program that involves the ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,secretary of ,state shall require a report to be submitted to the ,department of ,state1 not later than ,january #ca1 #bjba1 and annually thereafter through #bjbf1 by-- 7#a7 any element within the ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china that has an agreement currently in force with the ,department of ,state pursuant to section #ajh;,a2 and 7#b7 any ,united ,states entity that carries out a program pursuant to an agreement described in paragraph 7#a74 7b7 ,matters ,to ,be included ,each report submitted under subsection 7a7 shall include1 for the relevant reporting period-- 7#a7 the total number of cultural exchange programs conducted by the reporting entity2 7#b7 a description of each program referred to in paragraph 7#a71 including-- 7,a7 the purpose of each such program2 and 7,b7 an agenda or itinerary that describes the activities engaged in by program participants2 and 7#c7 a list of participants in each such program1 including the names and professional affiliation of the participants during such program4 7c7 ,failure ,to report by the ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china ,if any entity described in subsection 7a77#a7 fails to submit the report required under subsection 7a71 the ,secretary of ,state shall suspend the agreement between the entity and the ,department of ,state until the entity within the ,government of the ,people's ,republic of ,china has submitted such report4 7d7 ,failure ,to report by a ,united ,states entity ,any ,united ,states entity described in subsection 7a77#b7 that fails to submit the report required under subsection 7a7 shall be ineligible to receive any funds1 in the form of grants or otherwise1 from the ,department of ,state until such entity has submitted such report4 7e7 ,rulemaking ,the ,secretary of ,state shall promulgate regulations to carry out this section4 7f7 ,summary report 7#a7 ,submission to congress ,not later than ,july #cj1 #bjba1 and annually thereafter through #bjbf1 the ,secretary of ,state shall submit a summary of the reports received from the entities described in subsection 7a7 to the appropriate congressional committees4 7#b7 ,matters to be included ,the summary required under paragraph 7#a7 shall include1 for the reporting period-- 7,a7 the total number of cultural exchange programs conducted2 7,b7 the total number of participants in such cultural exchange programs2 7,c7 a list of the professional affiliations of such participants2 7,d7 an overview of the cultural exchange programs1 including illustrative examples of activities in which participants engaged2 7,e7 an assessment of whether the cultural programs conducted during the reporting period adhere to purposes set forth in section #aja1 including a description of any noticeable deviations from such purposes2 and 7,f7 a description of all actions by the ,department of ,state to remediate deviations from such purposes4 7#c7 ,form of report ,the summary required under paragraph 7#a7 shall be submitted in unclassified form4 4 ,v ,maintaining the integrity of international organizations #eja4 ,office of ,integrity in the ,united ,nations ,system 7a7 ,establishment 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,state shall establish1 within the ,bureau of ,international ,organization ,affairs of the ,department of ,state1 the ,office of ,integrity in the ,united ,nations ,system 7referred to in this section as the ,,un ,integrity ,office74 7#b7 ,office leadership 7,a7 ,head of office ,the ,secretary of ,state shall appoint a career member of the ,senior ,foreign ,service to head the ,,un ,integrity ,office4 7,b7 ,special envoy ,the ,secretary of ,state may appoint a ,special ,envoy for ,integrity in the ,united ,nations ,system4 7b7 ,purpose of office ,the ,,un ,integrity ,office shall assume the primary responsibility for-- 7#a7 promoting ,united ,states participation in the ,united ,nations ,system2 7#b7 ensuring that ,united ,nations employees uphold the principals of impartiality enshrined in the ,united ,nations charter1 rules1 and regulations2 7#c7 monitoring and countering undue influence1 especially by authoritarian nations1 within the ,united ,nations ,system2 7#d7 promoting participation and inclusion of ,taiwan in the ,united ,nations ,system2 and 7#e7 advancing other priorities deemed relevant by the ,secretary of ,state to ensuring the integrity of the ,united ,nations ,system4 7c7 ,authorization of appropriations ,of the amounts authorized to be appropriated to the ,department of ,state for administration of foreign affairs1 not less than #a1jjj1jjj is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year #bjba and for each subsequent fiscal year for the ,,un ,integrity ,office4 ,,vi ,bolstering ,united ,states and allied defense and security #fja4 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,the ,people's ,republic of ,china aims to use its growing military might in concert with other instruments of its national power to displace the ,united ,states in the ,indo-,pacific and establish hegemony over the region4 7#b7 ,the military balance in the ,indo-,pacific region is increasingly unfavorable to the ,united ,states because-- 7,a7 the ,,prc is rapidly modernizing and expanding the capabilities of the ,,pla to project power and create contested areas across the entire ,indo-,pacific region2 7,b7 ,,pla modernization has largely focused on areas where it possesses operational advantages and can exploit weaknesses in the ,united ,states suite of capabilities2 and 7,c7 current ,united ,states force structure and presence do not sufficiently counter threats in the ,indo-,pacific1 as ,united ,states allies1 bases1 and forces at sea in the ,indo-,pacific region are concentrated in large1 close-in bases that are highly vulnerable to the ,,prc's strike capabilities4 7#c7 ,this shift in the regional military balance and erosion of conventional deterrence in the ,indo-,pacific region-- 7,a7 presents a substantial and imminent risk to the security of the ,united ,states2 and 7,b7 left unchecked1 could embolden the ,,prc to take actions to change the status quo before the ,united ,states can mount an effective response4 7#d7 ,the ,,prc believes the political bonds between the ,united ,states and its ,indo-,pacific allies are weakening4 ,the ,,prc sees an opportunity to diminish confidence among ,united ,states allies and partners in the strength of ,united ,states commitments1 even to the extent that these nations feel compelled to bandwagon with the ,,prc to protect their interests4 ,the ,,prc is closely monitoring the ,united ,states reaction to ,,prc pressure and coercion of ,united ,states allies1 searching for indicators of ,united ,states resolve4 7#e7 ,achieving so-called reunification of ,taiwan to mainland ,china is a key step for the ,,prc to achieve its regional hegemonic ambitions4 ,the ,,prc has increased the frequency and scope of its exercises and operations targeting ,taiwan1 such as amphibious assault and live-fire exercises in the ,taiwan ,strait1 ,,pla ,air ,force flights that encircle ,taiwan1 and flights across the unofficial median line in the ,taiwan ,strait4 ,the ,government of the ,,prc's full submission of ,hong ,kong potentially accelerates the timeline of a ,taiwan scenario1 and makes the defense of ,taiwan an even more urgent priority4 7#f7 ,the defense of ,taiwan is critical to-- 7,a7 retaining the ,united ,states credibility as a defender of the democratic values and free-market principles embodied by ,taiwan's people and government2 7,b7 limiting the ,,pla's ability to project power beyond the ,first ,island ,chain1 including to ,united ,states territory1 such as ,guam and ,hawaii2 7,c7 defending the territorial integrity of ,japan2 and 7,d7 preventing the ,,pla from diverting military planning1 resources1 and personnel to broader military ambitions4 7#g7 ,the ,,prc has capitalized on the world's attention to ,,covid-#ai to advance its military objectives in the ,south ,china ,sea1 intensifying and accelerating trends already underway4 ,the ,,prc has sent militarized survey vessels into the ,malaysian ,exclusive ,economic ,zone1 announced the establishment of an administrative district in the ,spratly and ,paracel ,islands under the ,chinese local government of ,sansha1 aimed a fire control radar at a ,philippine navy ship1 encroached on ,indonesia's fishing grounds1 sunk a ,vietnamese fishing boat1 announced new research stations on ,fiery ,cross ,reef and ,subi ,reef1 and landed special military aircraft on ,fiery ,cross ,reef to routinize such deployments4 7#h7 ,on ,july #ac1 #bjbj1 ,secretary of ,state ,michael ,r4 ,pompeo clarified ,united ,states policy on the ,south ,china ,sea and stated1 ,beijing's claims to offshore resources across most of the ,south ,china ,sea are completely unlawful1 as is its campaign of bullying to control them44 7#i7 ,these actions enable the ,,pla to exert influence and project power deeper into ,oceania and the ,indian ,ocean4 ,as ,admiral ,phil ,davidson1 ,commander of ,indo-,pacific ,command1 testified in #bjai1 ,in short1 ,china is now capable of controlling the ,south ,china ,sea in all scenarios short of war with the ,united ,states44 7#aj7 ,the ,,pla also continues to advance its claims in the ,east ,china ,sea1 including through a high number of surface combatant patrols and frequent entry into the territorial waters of the ,senkaku ,islands1 over which the ,united ,states recognizes ,japan's administrative control4 ,in ,april #bjad1 ,president ,barack ,obama stated1 ,our commitment to ,japan's security is absolute and article five of the ,u4,s4-,japan security treaty covers all territory under ,japan's administration1 including the ,senkaku islands44 7#aa7 ,on ,march #a1 #bjai1 ,secretary of ,state ,michael ,r4 ,pompeo stated1 ,as the ,south ,china ,sea is part of the ,pacific1 any armed attack on ,philippine forces1 aircraft1 or public vessels in the ,south ,china ,sea will trigger mutual defense obligations under ,article #d of our ,mutual ,defense ,treaty44 7#ab7 ,the ,,pla is modernizing and gaining critical capability in every branch and every domain1 including-- 7,a7 positioning the ,,pla ,navy to become a great maritime power or blue-water navy that can completely control all activity within the ,first ,island ,chain and project power beyond it with a massive fleet of #dbe battle force ships by #bjcj2 7,b7 increasing the size and range of its strike capabilities1 including approximately #a1ijj ground-launched short- and intermediate-range missiles capable of targeting ,united ,states allies and partners in the ,first and ,second ,island chains1 ,united ,states bases in the ,indo-,pacific1 and ,united ,states forces at sea2 7,c7 boosting capabilities for air warfare1 including with ,russian-origin ,su-#ce fighters and ,s-#djj air defense systems1 new ,j-#bj #eth generation stealth fighters1 and ,y-#bj heavy lift aircraft2 and 7,d7 making critical investments in new domains of warfare1 such as cyber warfare1 electronic warfare1 and space warfare4 7#ac7 ,the ,,prc is pursuing this modernization through all means at its disposal1 including its ,military-,civil ,fusion initiative1 which1 as ,united ,states ,assistant ,secretary of ,state ,christopher ,ford said in ,march #bjbj1 aims to make any technology accessible to anyone under the ,,prc's jurisdiction available to support the ,chinese ,communist ,party's ambitions44 ,it enlists the whole of ,,prc society in developing and acquiring technology with military applications to pursue technological advantage over the ,united ,states in artificial intelligence1 hypersonic glide vehicles1 directed energy weapons1 electromagnetic railguns1 counter-space weapons1 and other emerging capabilities4 7#ad7 ,the ,united ,states lead in the development of science and technology relevant to defense is eroding in the face of competition from the ,,prc4 ,united ,states research and development spending on defense capabilities has declined sharply as a share of global research and development4 ,the commercial sector's leading role in innovation presents certain unique challenges to the ,department of ,defense's reliance on technology for battlefield advantage4 7#ae7 ,the ,,prc has vastly increased domestic research and development expenditures1 supported the growth of new cutting-edge industries and tapped into a large workforce to invest in fostering science and engineering talent4 7#af7 ,the ,,prc is increasing exports of defense and security capabilities to build its defense technology and industrial base and improve its own military capabilities4 ,for example1 the ,,prc has enjoyed particular success in exporting numerous unmanned aerial systems 7,,uas74 ,such exports have helped it establish new defense relationships1 test its systems under operational conditions1 and refine its designs for its own forces4 ,the ,,prc has exploited an available gap in the global market1 as the ,,prc does not subject itself to the limitations of the ,missile ,technology ,control ,regime1 which is a voluntary protocol under which the ,united ,states and other members restrict their own ,,uas exports4 ,,pla military analyst ,song ,zhongping has noted that the ,chinese defense product now doesn't lack technology1 it only lacks market share1 and the ,united ,states restricting its arms exports is precisely what gives ,china a great opportunity44 #fjb4 ,statement of policy expressing the political will of the ,united ,states to defend its interests in the ,indo-,pacific and pursue expanded political-military cooperation with allies and partners ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states-- 7#a7 to prioritize the ,indo-,pacific region as the most important political-military theater for ,united ,states foreign policy2 7#b7 to prioritize resources for achieving ,united ,states political and military objectives in this most critical region1 while still balancing resources for other lower-priority security challenges across the globe2 7#c7 to reaffirm and strengthen ,united ,states commitments to treaty allies in the ,indo-,pacific region1 as articulated by successive ,united ,states administrations and in the ,asia ,reassurance ,initiative ,act of #bjah 7,public ,law #aae-dji2 #acb ,stat4 #echg71 including-- 7,a7 with respect to ,japan-- 7i7 upholding the ,treaty of ,mutual ,cooperation and ,security ,between ,japan and the ,united ,states of ,america1 done at ,washington ,january #ai1 #aifj1 and all related and subsequent security agreements2 7ii7 recognizing ,japan's administrative control over the ,senkaku ,islands and maritime exclusive economic zones in the ,east ,china ,sea2 and 7iii7 further advancing defense cooperation in priority areas1 such as long-range precision fires1 missile defense1 maritime security1 space1 cyberspace1 and the electromagnetic spectrum2 7,b7 with respect to the ,republic of ,korea-- 7i7 upholding the ,mutual ,defense ,treaty ,between the ,united ,states and the ,republic of ,korea1 done at ,washington ,october #a1 #aiec1 and all related and subsequent security agreements2 and 7ii7 strengthening alliance defense and deterrence capabilities2 7,c7 with respect to ,australia and ,new ,zealand-- 7i7 upholding the ,security ,treaty ,between the ,united ,states1 ,australia1 and ,new ,zealand1 done at ,san ,francisco ,september #a1 #aiea1 and all related and subsequent security agreements2 7ii7 increasing collaboration to address shared security challenges2 and 7iii7 providing mutual support in the face of coercion2 7,d7 with respect to the ,philippines-- 7i7 upholding the ,mutual ,defense ,treaty ,between the ,united ,states and the ,republic of the ,philippines1 done at ,washington ,august #cj1 #aiea1 including commitments relevant to the ,south ,china ,sea1 and all related and subsequent security arrangements2 and 7ii7 cooperating with the ,philippines to build and maintain defense capabilities1 particularly in the maritime domain1 that enable the ,philippines to protect its sovereignty and resist external coercion2 and 7,e7 with respect to ,thailand-- 7i7 upholding the security treaties and all related and subsequent security arrangements that underpin the ,united ,states-,thailand alliance2 and 7ii7 reinvigorating defense cooperation and partnership through exercises1 training1 and interoperability that enable it to protect its sovereignty and resist external coercion2 7#d7 to collaborate with ,united ,states treaty allies in the ,indo-,pacific to foster greater multilateral security and defense cooperation with other regional partners2 7#e7 to sustain the ,taiwan ,relations ,act 7,public ,law #if-h2 #bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ccja et seq47 and the ,six ,assurances provided by the ,united ,states to ,taiwan in ,july #aihb as the foundations for ,united ,states-,taiwan relations1 and to deepen1 to the fullest extent possible1 the extensive1 close1 and friendly relations of the ,united ,states and ,taiwan1 including cooperation to support the development of capable1 ready1 and modern forces necessary for the defense of ,taiwan2 7#f7 to enhance security partnerships with ,india1 across ,southeast ,asia1 and with other nations of the ,indo-,pacific1 including as described in sections #bjd1 #bje1 and #bjh of the ,asia ,reassurance ,initiative ,act of #bjah 7,public ,law #aae-dji72 7#g7 to deter1 in the shorter term1 the ,,prc from capitalizing on the world's focus on the ,,covid-#ai pandemic to advance its military objectives in the ,western ,pacific1 including deterring more aggressive behavior towards ,taiwan and in the ,south ,china ,sea2 7#h7 to deter1 over the longer term1 acts of aggression or coercion by the ,,prc against ,united ,states and allies' interests along the ,first ,island ,chain and in the ,western ,pacific by showing ,,prc leaders that the ,united ,states can and is willing to deny them the ability to achieve their objectives1 including by-- 7,a7 consistently demonstrating the political will of the ,united ,states to deepening existing treaty alliances and growing new partnerships as a durable1 asymmetric1 and unmatched strategic advantage to the ,,prc's growing military capabilities and reach2 7,b7 maintaining a system of forward-deployed bases in the ,indo-,pacific region as the most visible sign of ,united ,states resolve and commitment to the region1 and as platforms to ensure ,united ,states operational readiness and advance interoperability with allies and partners2 7,c7 adopting a more dispersed force posture throughout the region1 particularly the ,western ,pacific1 and pursuing maximum access for ,united ,states mobile and relocatable launchers for long-range cruise1 ballistic1 and hypersonic weapons throughout the ,indo-,pacific region2 7,d7 fielding long-range1 precision-strike networks to ,united ,states and allied forces1 including ground-launched cruise missiles1 undersea and naval capabilities1 and integrated air and missile defense in the ,first ,island ,chain and the ,second ,island ,chain1 in order to impose high risks on the ,,prc for operating in these zones1 and maximize the ,united ,states ability to operate2 7,e7 strengthening extended deterrence to demonstrate that escalation against key ,united ,states interests would be costly1 risky1 and self-defeating2 and 7,f7 collaborating with allies and partners to accelerate their roles in more equitably sharing the burdens of mutual defense1 including through the acquisition and fielding of advanced capabilities and training that will better enable them to repel ,,prc aggression or coercion2 and 7#i7 to convey to the ,,prc that1 in the event that deterrence by denial fails1 the ,united ,states1 if necessary-- 7,a7 will impose prohibitive diplomatic1 economic1 financial1 reputational1 and military costs on the ,,prc for its aggression2 and 7,b7 will defend itself and its allies regardless of the point of origin of attacks against them4 #fjc4 ,sense of ,congress regarding bolstering security partnerships in the ,indo-,pacific ,it is the ,sense of ,congress that steps to bolster ,united ,states security partnership in the ,indo-,pacific must include-- 7#a7 supporting ,japan in its development of long-range precision fires1 air and missile defense capacity1 interoperability across all domains1 maritime security1 and intelligence1 and surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities2 7#b7 launching a ,united ,states-,japan national security innovation fund to solicit and support private sector cooperation for new technologies that could benefit the ,united ,states and ,japan's mutual security objectives2 7#c7 promoting a deeper defense relationship between ,japan and ,australia1 including supporting reciprocal access agreements and trilateral ,united ,states-,japan-,australia intelligence sharing2 7#d7 encouraging and facilitating ,taiwan's accelerated acquisition of asymmetric defense capabilities1 which are crucial to defending the islands of ,taiwan from invasion1 including long-range precision fires1 anti-ship missiles1 coastal defense1 anti-armor1 air defense1 undersea warfare1 advanced command1 control1 communications1 computers1 intelligence1 surveillance and reconnaissance 7,c#d;,,isr71 and resilient command and control capabilities1 and increasing the conduct of relevant and practical training and exercises with ,taiwan's defense forces2 and 7#e7 prioritizing building the capacity of ,united ,states allies and partners to protect defense technology4 #fjd4 ,report on capability development of ,indo-,pacific allies and partners 7a7 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 the ,secretary of ,state should expand and strengthen existing measures under the ,united ,states ,conventional ,arms ,transfer ,policy to provide capabilities to allies and partners1 prioritizing allies and partners in the ,indo-,pacific region in accordance with ,united ,states strategic imperatives2 7#b7 the ,united ,states should design for export to ,indo-,pacific allies and partners capabilities critical to maintaining a favorable military balance in the region1 including long-range precision fires1 air and missile defense systems1 anti-ship cruise missiles1 land attack cruise missiles1 conventional hypersonic systems1 intelligence1 surveillance1 and reconnaissance capabilities1 and command and control systems2 7#c7 the ,united ,states should pursue1 to the maximum extent possible1 anticipatory technology security and foreign disclosure policy on the systems described in paragraph 7#b72 and 7#d7 the ,secretary of ,state should-- 7,a7 urge allies and partners to invest in sufficient quantities of munitions to meet contingency requirements and avoid the need for accessing ,united ,states stocks in wartime2 and 7,b7 cooperate with allies to deliver such munitions1 or when necessary1 to increase allies' capacity to produce such munitions4 7b7 ,defined term ,in this section1 the term appropriate congressional committees means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate2 7#b7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,senate2 7#c7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7#d7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,house of ,representatives4 7c7 ,report 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #ij days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,defense1 shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees that-- 7,a7 describes ,united ,states priorities for building more capable security partners in the ,indo-,pacific region2 and 7,b7 identifies legal1 regulatory1 or other obstacles to advancing such priorities4 7#b7 ,matters to be included ,the report required under paragraph 7#a7 shall-- 7,a7 provide a priority list of defense and military capabilities that ,indo-,pacific allies and partners must possess for the ,united ,states to be able to achieve its military objectives in the ,indo-,pacific region2 7,b7 identify1 from the list referred to in subparagraph 7,a71 the capabilities that are best provided1 or can only be provided1 by the ,united ,states2 7,c7 identify-- 7i7 actions required to prioritize ,united ,states ,government resources and personnel to expedite fielding the capabilities identified in subparagraph 7,b72 and 7ii7 steps needed to fully account for and a plan to integrate all means of ,united ,states foreign military sales1 direct commercial sales1 security assistance1 and all applicable authorities of the ,department of ,state and the ,department of ,defense2 7,d7 assess the requirements for ,united ,states security assistance1 including ,international ,military ,education and ,training1 in the ,indo-,pacific region1 as a part of the means to deliver critical partner capability requirements identified in subparagraph 7,b72 7,e7 assess the resources necessary to meet the requirements for ,united ,states security assistance1 and identify resource gaps2 7,f7 assess the major obstacles to fulfilling requirements for ,united ,states security assistance in the ,indo-,pacific region1 including resources and personnel limits1 legislative and policy barriers1 and factors related to specific partner countries2 7,g7 identify limitations on the ,united ,states ability to provide such capabilities1 including those identified under subparagraph 7,b71 because of existing ,united ,states treaty obligations1 or ,united ,states law1 policies1 or other regulations2 7,h7 recommend changes to existing laws1 regulations1 or other policies that would reduce or eliminate limitations on providing critical capabilities to allies and partners in the ,indo-,pacific region2 7,i7 identify requirements to streamline the ,international ,trafficking in ,arms ,regulations 7#bb ,c4,f4,r4 #abj et seq47 that would enable more effective delivery of capabilities to allies and partners in the ,indo-,pacific region2 7,j7 recommend improvements to the process for developing requirements for partners capabilities2 and 7,k7 recommend other legal1 regulatory1 or policy changes that would improve delivery timelines4 7#c7 ,form ,the report required under this subsection shall be unclassified1 but may include a classified annex4 #fje4 ,statement of policy on unmanned aerial systems and the missile technology control regime ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states-- 7#a7 to maintain its commitment to nonproliferation through voluntary adherence to the ,missile ,technology ,control ,regime 7referred to in this section as ,,mtcr72 7#b7 to exercise its sovereign right within that regime to define unmanned aerial systems 7referred to in this section as ,,uas7 as aircraft rather than as cruise missiles2 7#c7 to consider ,,uas as not subject to ,,mtcr guidelines1 annexes1 or any other ,united ,states policy subject to the ,,mtcr2 7#d7 to ensure that exports of military ,,uas remain subject to the same export considerations as military aircraft2 and 7#e7 to ensure that military ,,uas share the same co-development1 co-production1 and any other privilege or consideration afforded to military aircraft for the purposes of direct commercial sale or foreign military sale4 #fjf4 ,report on national technology and industrial base 7a7 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the ,sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 a more streamlined1 shared1 and coordinated approach1 which leverages economies of scale with major allies1 is necessary for the ,united ,states to retain its lead in defense technology2 7#b7 allowing for the export1 re-export1 or transfer of defense-related technologies and services to members of the national technology and industrial base 7as defined in section #bejj of title #aj1 ,united ,states ,code7 would advance ,united ,states security interests by helping to leverage the defense-related technologies and skilled workforces of trusted allies to reduce the dependence on other countries1 including countries that pose challenges to ,united ,states interests around the world1 for defense-related innovation and investment2 and 7#c7 it is in the interest of the ,united ,states to continue to increase cooperation with close allies to protect critical defense-related technology and services and leverage the investments of like-minded1 major ally nations in order to maximize the strategic edge afforded by defense technology innovation4 7b7 ,defined term ,in this section1 the term appropriate congressional committees means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate2 7#b7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,senate2 7#c7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7#d7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,house of ,representatives4 7c7 ,report 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #ij days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees that-- 7,a7 describes the ,department of ,state's efforts to facilitate access among the national technology and industrial base to defense articles and services subject to the ,united ,states ,munitions ,list under section #ch7;a77#a7 of the ,arms ,export ,control ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bggh7;a77#a772 and 7,b7 identifies legal1 regulatory1 foreign policy1 or other challenges or considerations that prevent or frustrate these efforts1 to include any gaps in the respective export control regimes implemented by ,united ,kingdom of ,great ,britain and ,northern ,ireland1 ,australia1 or ,canada4 7#b7 ,form ,this report required under paragraph 7#a7 shall be unclassified1 but may include a classified annex4 #fjg4 ,authorization of appropriations for ,southeast ,asia maritime security programs and diplomatic outreach activities 7a7 ,southeast ,asia maritime security programs ,there are authorized to be appropriated to the ,department of ,state for the ,southeast ,asia ,maritime ,security ,initiative1 the ,southeast ,asia ,maritime ,law ,enforcement ,initiative1 and other related regional programs-- 7#a7 #ej1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjba2 7#b7 #fj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbb2 7#c7 #ge1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbc2 7#d7 #ij1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbd2 and 7#e7 #ajj1jjj1jjj for fiscal year #bjbe4 7b7 ,diplomatic outreach activities ,there is authorized to be appropriated to the ,department of ,state1 #a1jjj1jjj for each of the fiscal years #bjba through #bjbe1 which shall be used-- 7#a7 to conduct1 in coordination with the ,department of ,defense1 outreach activities1 including conferences and symposia1 to familiarize partner countries1 particularly in the ,indo-,pacific region1 with the ,united ,states interpretation of international law relating to freedom of the seas2 and 7#b7 to work with allies and partners in the ,indo-,pacific region to better align respective interpretations of international law relating to freedom of the seas1 including on the matters of operations by military ships in exclusive economic zones1 innocent passage through territorial seas1 and transits through international straits4 #fjh4 ,report on ,china ,coast ,guard 7a7 ,defined term ,in this section1 the term appropriate congressional committees means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate2 7#b7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,senate2 7#c7 the ,committee on ,homeland ,security and ,governmental ,affairs of the ,senate2 7#d7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives2 7#e7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7#f7 the ,committee on ,homeland ,security of the ,house of ,representatives4 7b7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj days after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,defense and the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the ,china ,coast ,guard 7referred to in this section as the ,,ccg74 7c7 ,matters ,to be included ,the report required under subsection 7b7 shall-- 7#a7 describe recent changes in the ,,ccg's command structure1 including-- 7,a7 its control under the ,central ,military ,commission's chain of command2 and 7,b7 whether such changes undermine the ,,ccg's claim that it should be treated as a law enforcement entity2 7#b7 assess the implications of the new command structure of the ,,ccg with respect to its role as a coercive tool in gray zone activity in the ,east ,china ,sea and in the ,south ,china ,sea2 7#c7 assess how changes in the command structure of the ,,ccg may affect interactions between the ,united ,states ,navy and the ,united ,states ,coast ,guard with the ,,ccg2 and 7#d7 assess whether the ,,ccg should be considered a military force rather than a civilian law enforcement entity1 and the implications of such an assessment on ,united ,states policy4 7d7 ,form of report ,the report required under subsection 7b7 shall be unclassified1 but may include a classified annex4 #fji4 ,report on ,chinese military activity in ,djibouti 7a7 ,defined term ,in this section1 the term appropriate congressional committees means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate2 7#b7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,senate2 7#c7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7#d7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services of the ,house of ,representatives4 7b7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,defense1 in coordination with the ,secretary of ,state1 shall submit a report to ,congress regarding ,chinese military activity in ,djibouti4 7c7 ,matters ,to ,be included ,the report required under subsection 7b7 shall include-- 7#a7 a summary of any incidents of harassment of ,united ,states military and embassy personnel by any element within the ,government of the ,,prc2 and 7#b7 an evaluation of the extent to which the presence of the ,,pla in ,djibouti affects the ,united ,states military's ability to operate in the region4 7d7 ,form of report ,the report required under subsection 7b7 shall be unclassified1 but may include a classified annex4 ,,vii ,fostering cooperation between the ,united ,states and the ,people's ,republic of ,china #gja4 ,sense of ,congress regarding ,united ,states-,people's ,republic of ,china cooperation on conservation and a healthy environment ,it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 a healthy environment is an integral element of development and economic growth2 7#b7 the ,united ,states and the ,,prc have successfully collaborated in the past to achieve positive outcomes for the global environment1 including joint efforts to protect elephant populations by enacting nearly complete bans on the import and export of elephant ivory2 7#c7 the ,united ,states-- 7,a7 should encourage the ,,prc to adhere to policies and goals established under preexisting agreements1 such as-- 7i7 the ,convention on ,international ,trade in ,endangered ,species of ,wild ,fauna and ,flora1 done at ,washington ,march #c1 #aigc 7#bg ,,ust #ajhg2 ,,tias #hbdi71 including effectively implementing resolutions and decisions on ,asian big cats2 and 7ii7 the ,g#bj ,osaka ,blue ,ocean ,vision1 done at ,osaka ,june #bi1 #bjai2 and 7,b7 should encourage the ,,prc to improve transparency and engage in information sharing with other governments and nongovernmental organizations regarding preexisting agreements on environmental and natural resource matters2 7#d7 the ,united ,states and the ,,prc should increase cooperation to protect and conserve the environment and the sustainable use and management of natural resources by-- 7,a7 combating vulnerability to natural disasters1 biodiversity loss1 desertification1 and environmental degradation2 7,b7 promoting mutually supportive environmental policies and practices2 7,c7 promoting high levels of environmental protection and effective enforcement of environmental laws2 7,d7 building capacity to address environmental issues1 including through cooperative initiatives2 and 7,e7 strengthening environmental governance2 and 7#e7 the ,united ,states should engage with the ,,prc to develop policies that-- 7,a7 reduce illegal timber harvesting2 7,b7 reduce illegal1 unregulated1 and unreported fishing2 7,c7 reduce pollution and marine debris1 including abandoned1 lost1 or discarded fishing gear2 7,d7 reduce illegal wildlife trade1 including by-- 7i7 building capacity to prosecute illegal wildlife trade through existing laws against money laundering1 in accordance with the rule of law2 7ii7 eliminating wildlife trade that poses a risk to public health2 and 7iii7 reducing demand for illegal wildlife products1 including products used for food or medicine1 through consumer education2 7,e7 reduce corruption related to environmental issues1 particularly regarding customs enforcement along border areas2 and 7,f7 encourage collaboration between health and environmental agencies related to wildlife consumption and trade1 using a ,one ,health approach4 #gjb4 ,strategy on cooperation on wildlife and related trafficking 7a7 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,the illegal trade in wildlife and wildlife products1 timber1 fish1 and other natural resources is one of the most lucrative criminal activities globally1 dominated by sophisticated networks that are linked to other transnational organized criminal activities and pose a threat to ,united ,states economic and security interests4 7#b7 ,in addition to disrupting ecosystems and threatening the survival of imperiled species1 poachers and traffickers frequently-- 7,a7 kill park rangers devoted to protecting their countries' wildlife2 7,b7 destabilize communities through violence and corruption of local law enforcement officials and others2 and 7,c7 threaten tourism industries4 7#c7 ,the actions described in paragraph 7#b7 have a significant and negative impact on the local and national economies of many countries4 7#d7 ,well-managed natural resources1 by communities or in partnership with others1 can provide a significant and sustainable source of economic activity1 particularly in impoverished rural areas4 ,allowing communities to share in the revenues generated by sustainable fishing or environment-based economic development can greatly reduce incentives to engage in illegal activities1 while greatly increasing incentives to protect wildlife1 timber1 fish1 and other natural resources4 7#e7 ,at the #ahth meeting of the ,conference of the ,parties to the ,convention on ,international ,trade in ,endangered ,species of ,wild ,fauna and ,flora 7referred to in this section as ,,cites71 held in ,geneva1 ,switzerland1 in ,august #bjai1 all parties to ,,cites agreed that poaching and illegal trade required global responses and international cooperation to resolve44 7#f7 ,the ,united ,states and the ,,prc can play a pivotal role in cooperating to end trafficking in wildlife1 timber1 fish1 and other natural resources and in ensuring that countries meet their international obligations under ,,cites by partnering to reduce demand for trafficked products1 including through sustained diplomatic engagement and trade agreements4 7b7 ,policy of the ,united ,states ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states1 pursuant to ,united ,states law-- 7#a7 to take immediate action to stop global illegal wildlife and related trade and associated transnational organized crime through a collaborative international approach2 7#b7 to disrupt regional and global transnational organized criminal networks2 7#c7 to prevent the illegal wildlife and related trade from being used as a source of financing for criminal groups that undermine ,united ,states and global security interests2 7#d7 to reduce the global demand for wildlife and wildlife products1 timber1 fish1 and other relevant products or materials taken and traded illegally2 7#e7 to support the efforts of1 and to collaborate with1 individuals1 communities1 local organizations1 and national governments to combat poaching and wildlife trafficking1 illegal1 unreported1 and unregulated fishing1 illegal timber harvesting1 and other related forms of trafficking1 including by providing technical and other forms of assistance and assisting with development and implementation of national anti-trafficking and poaching laws2 and 7#f7 to encourage cooperation with the ,,prc to stem the demand factors that contribute to wildlife and related trafficking4 7c7 ,strategy ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,agriculture1 the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 the ,director of the ,united ,states ,fish and ,wildlife ,service1 the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration1 and the heads of other relevant ,federal agencies1 as appropriate1 shall develop a strategy for cooperation with the ,,prc to combat wildlife and related trafficking that focuses on-- 7#a7 wildlife protection and management of wildlife populations1 including fish2 7#b7 illegal harvesting of timber2 7#c7 strategies to reduce demand for illegal wildlife products1 fish1 and timber2 7#d7 management and tracking of confiscated natural resource contraband2 and 7#e7 trade networks of such products4 #gjc4 ,statement of policy regarding universal implementation of ,united ,nations sanctions on ,north ,korea ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states to sustain maximum economic pressure on the ,government of the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea 7referred to in this section as the ,,dprk7 until the regime undertakes complete1 verifiable1 and irreversible actions toward denuclearization1 including by-- 7#a7 encouraging all nations1 including the ,,prc1 to implement and enforce existing ,united ,nations sanctions with regard to the ,,dprk2 7#b7 encouraging all nations1 including the ,,prc1 and in accordance with ,united ,nations ,security ,council resolutions1 to end the practice of hosting ,,dprk citizens as guest workers1 recognizing that such workers are demonstrated to constitute an illicit source of revenue for the ,,dprk regime and its nuclear ambitions2 7#c7 working with the ,,prc and the international community on rigorous interdiction of shipments to and from the ,,dprk1 including ship-to-ship transfers1 consistent with ,united ,nations ,security ,council resolutions2 and 7#d7 enforcing ,united ,nations ,security ,council ,resolutions with respect to the ,,dprk and ,united ,states sanctions1 including those pursuant to the ,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy ,enhancement ,act #bjaf 7,public ,law #aad-abb71 the ,countering ,america's ,adversaries ,through ,sanctions ,act 7,public ,law #aae-dd71 the ,otto ,warmbier ,north ,korea ,nuclear ,sanctions and ,enforcement ,act of #bjai 7title ,,lxxi of division ,f of ,public ,law #aaf-ib71 and relevant ,united ,states executive orders4 #gjd4 ,government ,accountability ,office report on ,united ,states-,,prc technical research cooperation 7a7 ,assessment ,the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall conduct an assessment of scientific and technical cooperation initiatives between the ,united ,states and the ,,prc that receive official financial assistance from the ,united ,states ,government4 7b7 ,report required ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,comptroller ,general shall submit a report to ,congress that describes the results of the assessment required under subsection 7a71 including the matters described in subsection 7c74 7c7 ,matters ,to ,be included ,the report required under subsection 7b7 shall-- 7#a7 describe the nature of technical cooperation between the ,united ,states and the ,,prc1 including examples of current initiatives1 their sources of funding1 participation1 and any requirements for reporting2 7#b7 detail the licensing and regulatory regime under which the collaborative initiatives described in paragraph 7#a7 occur2 7#c7 indicate whether the intellectual property rights of researchers and entities of the ,united ,states are being adequately protected2 7#d7 examine whether state-owned enterprises or the ,,pla are benefitting from research funded by the taxpayers of the ,united ,states2 7#e7 indicate whether any researchers from the ,,prc who are participating in collaborative initiatives referred to in paragraph 7#a7 have ties to the ,,prc ,government or the ,,pla2 7#f7 indicate whether any institutions of higher education1 laboratories1 or other entities of the ,united ,states participating in collaboration led by the ,government of the ,united ,states with the ,,prc have been subject to cyber attacks or other intrusions originating in the ,,prc2 7#g7 evaluate the benefits to the ,united ,states of the collaboration with the ,,prc2 7#h7 examine redundancies1 if any1 among various government-led collaborative programs between the ,united ,states and the ,,prc2 and 7#i7 recommend measures to facilitate scientific and technical collaboration with the ,,prc in areas that advance the interests of the ,united ,states4 #gje4 ,findings on strategic stability and arms control ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,the ,united ,states and the ,,prc have a shared interest in strategic stability through enforceable arms control and non-proliferation agreements4 7#b7 ,the ,united ,states has long pursued and continues to seek effective1 verifiable1 and enforceable arms control and nonproliferation agreements that support ,united ,states and allied security by-- 7,a7 controlling the spread of nuclear materials and technology2 7,b7 placing limits on the production1 stockpiling and deployment of nuclear weapons2 7,c7 decreasing misperception and miscalculation2 and 7,d7 avoiding destabilizing nuclear arms competition4 7#c7 ,the ,,prc has long alleged that it does not seek to compete in an arms race with nuclear superpowers4 ,its #bjai ,defense ,white ,paper states1 ,china does not engage in any nuclear arms race with any other country and keeps its nuclear capabilities at the minimum level required for national security44 ,yet1 the behavior of the ,,prc suggests otherwise4 7#d7 ,the ,,prc is pushing the boundaries of its traditional posture of minimum deterrence as it expands and improves its nuclear forces4 ,the ,,prc's ,no ,first ,use policy--which has always been highly contingent and ambiguous--is increasingly in doubt4 ,the ,,prc's traditional goal of maintaining only a lean and effective deterrent is called into question by the rapid expansion of its forces4 7#e7 ,in ,may #bjai1 ,director of the ,defense ,intelligence ,agency ,lieutenant ,general ,robert ,ashley stated1 ,china is likely to at least double the size of its nuclear stockpile in the course of implementing the most rapid expansion and diversification of its nuclear arsenal in ,china's history44 ,the ,,pla is building a full triad of modernized fixed and mobile ground-based launchers1 and new capabilities for nuclear-armed bombers and submarine-launched ballistic missiles4 7#f7 ,in ,april #bjbj1 the ,department of ,state raised concerns that the ,,prc is not complying with the zero-yield nuclear testing ban and accused it of blocking the flow of data from the monitoring stations in ,china4 7#g7 ,the ,,prc is conducting research on its first potential early warning radar1 with technical cooperation from ,russia4 ,this radar could indicate that the ,,prc is moving to a launch-on warning posture4 7#h7 ,the ,,prc plans to use its increasingly capable space1 cyber1 and electronic warfare capabilities against ,united ,states early warning systems and critical infrastructure in a crisis scenario4 ,this poses great risk to strategic stability1 as it could lead to inadvertent escalation4 7#i7 ,the ,,prc's nuclear expansion comes as a part of a massive modernization of the ,,pla which1 combined with the ,,pla's aggressive actions1 has increasingly destabilized the ,indo-,pacific region4 7#aj7 ,the ,,pla ,rocket ,force 7,,plarf71 which was elevated in #bjae to become a separate branch within the ,,pla1 has formed #aa new missile brigades since ,may #bjag1 some of which are capable of both conventional and nuclear strikes4 ,unlike the ,united ,states1 which separates its conventional strike and nuclear capabilities1 the ,,plarf appears to not only co-locate conventional and nuclear forces1 including dual-use missiles like the ,,df-#bf1 but to task the same unit with both nuclear and conventional missions4 ,such intermingling could lead to inadvertent escalation in a crisis4 ,the ,united ,states ,defense ,intelligence ,agency determined in ,march #bjbj that the ,,pla tested more ballistic missiles than the rest of the world combined in #bjai4 7#aa7 ,planned ,united ,states nuclear modernization efforts will not expand the ,united ,states nuclear deterrent and the ,united ,states ,program of ,record remains within the limits set by the ,new ,strategic ,arms ,reduction ,treaty1 done at ,prague ,april #h1 #bjaj 7commonly known as the ,new ,,start ,treaty74 7#ab7 ,the ,united ,states extended nuclear deterrence-- 7,a7 provides critical strategic stability around the world2 7,b7 is an essential element of ,united ,states military alliances2 and 7,c7 serves a vital nonproliferation function4 7#ac7 ,united ,states declaratory policy has profound implications for extended deterrence and alliance management4 ,since the ,,prc has no formal treaty allies1 the ,,pla has no similar requirement for extended deterrence4 7#ad7 ,while the ,united ,states has concluded numerous arms control agreements with ,russia and has reduced its nuclear stockpile by #he percent1 the ,,prc has repeatedly refused to conduct arms control negotiations4 7#ae7 ,as a signatory to the ,treaty on the ,non-,proliferation of ,nuclear ,weapons1 done at ,washington1 ,london1 and ,moscow ,july #a1 #aifh1 the ,,prc is obligated under ,article ,six of the treaty to pursue arms control negotiations in good faith4 7#af7 ,in ,may and ,july #bjai1 ,president ,trump called on the ,,prc to participate in arms control negotiations1 but the ,,prc ,foreign ,ministry indicated that ,china would not participate in such talks without further reductions by the ,united ,states and ,russia4 ,in ,december #bjai1 the ,united ,states formally invited the ,,prc to begin arms control negotiations1 but the ,,prc also rejected this invitation4 ,in ,june #bjbj1 the ,united ,states once again invited the ,,prc to join talks with the ,russian ,federation in ,vienna1 but the ,,prc declined4 7#ag7 ,the governments of ,poland1 ,slovenia1 ,denmark1 ,norway1 ,latvia1 ,lithuania1 ,estonia1 the ,netherlands1 ,romania1 ,austria1 ,albania1 and the ,deputy ,secretary ,general of the ,north ,atlantic ,treaty ,organization have all encouraged the ,,prc to join arms control discussions4 #gjf4 ,cooperation on a strategic nuclear dialogue 7a7 ,statement of policy ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states-- 7#a7 to pursue1 in coordination with ,united ,states allies1 arms control negotiations and sustained and regular engagement with the ,,prc-- 7,a7 to enhance understanding of each other's respective nuclear policies1 doctrine1 and capabilities2 7,b7 to improve transparency2 and 7,c7 to help manage the risks of miscalculation and misperception2 7#b7 to pursue relevant capabilities in coordination with our allies and partners to ensure the security of ,united ,states and allied interests in the face of the ,,prc's military modernization and expansion1 including-- 7,a7 ground-launched cruise and ballistic missiles2 7,b7 integrated air and missile defense2 7,c7 hypersonic missiles2 7,d7 intelligence1 surveillance1 and reconnaissance2 7,e7 space-based capabilities2 7,f7 cyber capabilities2 and 7,g7 command1 control1 and communications2 7#c7 to maintain sufficient force structure1 posture1 and capabilities to provide extended nuclear deterrence to ,united ,states allies and partners2 7#d7 to maintain appropriate missile defense capabilities to protect threats to the ,united ,states homeland from rogue intercontinental ballistic missiles from the ,indo-,pacific region2 and 7#e7 to ensure that the ,united ,states declaratory policy reflects the requirements of extended deterrence1 to both assure allies and to preserve its nonproliferation benefits4 7b7 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 in the midst of growing competition between the ,united ,states and the ,,prc1 it is in the interest of both nations to cooperate in insulating their nuclear forces from such dynamics1 and thereby reduce risks of escalation2 7#b7 a physical1 cyber1 electronic1 or any other ,,pla attack on ,united ,states early warning satellites1 other portions of the nuclear command and control enterprise1 or critical infrastructure poses a high risk to inadvertent but rapid escalation2 7#c7 no ,,prc territory used to stage attacks on the ,united ,states or its allies should be considered safe from potential retaliation2 7#d7 ,,prc leaders are unlikely to view any ,united ,states no first use or sole purpose doctrine as credible1 and are thus unlikely to change their behavior in a crisis if the ,united ,states adopted such a policy2 7#e7 the ,united ,states and its allies should promote international norms on military operations in space1 the employment of cyber capabilities1 and the military use of artificial intelligence1 as an element of risk reduction regarding nuclear command and control2 and 7#f7 ,united ,states allies and partners should share the burden of promoting and protecting such norms by voting against the ,,prc's proposals regarding the weaponization of space1 highlighting unsafe behavior by the ,,prc that violates international norms1 such as in rendezvous and proximity operations1 and promoting responsible behavior in space and all other domains4 #gjg4 ,agreements 7a7 ,submission ,the text of any agreement concluded under the authorities provided under this title shall be submitted to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives not later than #fj days after any notice of intent to be formally bound by the terms of such agreement4 7b7 ,effective date ,each agreement described in subsection 7a7 shall be legally effective and binding upon the ,united ,states1 in accordance with the terms provided in the agreement1 beginning on-- 7#a7 the date on which appropriate implementing legislation is enacted into law1 which shall provide for the approval of the specific agreement or agreements1 including attachments1 annexes1 and supporting documentation2 or 7#b7 if the agreement is concluded and submitted as a treaty1 the date on which such treaty is ratified by the ,senate4